CN105685058B - A kind of composition pesticide containing nitrile bacterium azoles for preventing and treating gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley and application thereof - Google Patents

A kind of composition pesticide containing nitrile bacterium azoles for preventing and treating gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley and application thereof Download PDF

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CN105685058B
CN105685058B CN201610244422.2A CN201610244422A CN105685058B CN 105685058 B CN105685058 B CN 105685058B CN 201610244422 A CN201610244422 A CN 201610244422A CN 105685058 B CN105685058 B CN 105685058B
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wheat
jinggangmeisu
bacterium azoles
nitrile bacterium
agriculture
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CN105685058A (en
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潘建碧
周明国
段亚冰
王建新
侯毅平
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Nanjing Jixing Biotechnology Development Co Ltd
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Nanjing Jixing Biotechnology Development Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
    • A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
    • A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of composition pesticide for being used to prevent and treat gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley and application thereof.It contains 1~120 parts by weight jinggangmeisu and 1~50 parts by weight nitrile bacterium azoles.The composition pesticide of the present invention has obvious synergistic effect for preventing and treating gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley, and 10~40 grams of active ingredients of every mu of use can effectively control the harm of head blight.Wheat crops head blight is prevented and treated using said composition, also with the level of pollution of cereal DON toxin is significantly reduced, food security quality is improved；Dosage is reduced, cost is reduced, reduces environmental pollution and residues of pesticides；Delay the lasting period of the resistance to the action of a drug and extension jinggangmeisu, the simultaneous advantage controlled powdery mildew of cereals, rust, leaf blight and banded sclerotial blight, reduce the recruitment cost of Pesticide use.

Description

A kind of composition pesticide containing nitrile bacterium azoles for preventing and treating gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley and application thereof
【Technical field】
The invention belongs to technical field of pesticide.More particularly it relates to a kind of agriculture for being used to prevent and treat gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley Drug composition, further relates to the purposes of the composition pesticide.
【Background technology】
Wheat and barley are most important cereal raise crops in the world, are also one of staple food crop of China.Paddy Class crop usually faces the threat of the fungal diseases such as smut, head blight, powdery mildew, banded sclerotial blight, rust and leaf blight.In the world These diseases can occur for cereal growing area, have a strong impact on the yield and quality of cereal agricultural product, are especially caused by sickle-like bacteria Gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley can not only cause destructive production loss, and can also produce in the grain of infection the rotten sickle of deoxidation snow The toxin such as knife bacterium enol (Trichothecenes, DON) and zearalenone (Zearalenon), therefore have a strong impact on hair The food qualities such as ferment, wine brewing, endanger the health of humans and animals.
Humans and animals are had anxious, slow by deoxynivalenol toxin, including DON, 3ADON and 15ADON toxin Property toxicity.Wherein DON toxin is heated not decompose because of its chemical property stabilization, and is infecting the Wheat And Barley of gibberellic hypha and its adding Processing food and to be widely present in infecting the sick paddy of gibberellic hypha as the animal product of feed.Known DON toxin causes in people and animals The cardinal symptom of poison has Nausea and vomiting, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, numb brothers, malaise, immunity degradation, and severe patient can See breathing, pulse, body temperature, the fluctuation of blood pressure, and bleeding, miscarry, even result in death, and mankind's Kaschin-Beck disease can be caused (Kaschin-Beck disease, KBD) and with obvious embryotoxicity and teratogenesis, carcinogenesis.Because DON toxin is to people The serious harm of class health, in October, 1973 the World Food Programme of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) are in a few days In watt joint conference on food additives and pollutant held, determine to be included in fusarium toxin into 16 of priority research The 5th in problem, the preventing and treating of many national also straight grip head blight is used as important research topic.
Meanwhile, the health organization of many international organizations and country has been formulated corresponding laws and regulations and strictly limited in food DON content of toxins.FAO provides that the content of DON in grain is necessarily less than 1mg/kg, and WHO provides the DON toxin in grain and feed The standard of content respectively no more than 1mg/kg and 5mg/kg.European Union's food security standard requires DON content of toxins in edible wheat 0.75mg/kg is no more than in grain, 0.5mg/kg is no more than in bread and other food.The national standard that the Ministry of Public Health of China formulates Provide that the content of toxins of the DON in edible wheat flour and corn must not exceed 1mg/kg.
Gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley is that one kind can bud-rot, seedling as caused by a variety of sickle-like bacteria or Fusariumsp (Fusarium spp.) The withered and withered sac fungus disease of fringe corruption/fringe.Its cause of disease includes Fusarium graminearum (F.graminearum), Asia sickle-like bacteria (F.asiaticum), fusarium culmorum (F.culmorum), fusarium avenaceum (F.avenaceum), fusarium moniliforme (F.moniliforme), nearly 20 kinds such as Fusarium nivale (F.nivale).The wheat scab of China's most area be by Caused by Fusarium graminearum (F.graminearum) and Asia sickle-like bacteria (F.asiaticum) mixed population, wherein the southern area of wheat Based on the sickle-like bacteria of Asia, the northern area of wheat is based on Fusarium graminearum.
Due to without being immunized or high anti-cereal crops kind or genetic resources it can be found that having to sickle-like bacteria, making so far Turn into the only effective gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley Control Technology with bactericide.Since a nearly century, people, which have carried out, is largely used to wheat The bactericide R＆D work of class fungal disease preventing and treating, successively develops the guarantor such as inorganic fungicide, organosulfureous fungicide and aromatic hydrocarbons Shield property bactericide, particularly 1960s after develop benzimidazole germicide, ergosterol biosynthesis suppression The selectivity bactericide such as preparation, cytochrome b inhibitor and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors, makes the important disease of many wheat crops Popular harm be effectively controlled, such as cereal crops smut, powdery mildew, rust, leaf blight, eye spot.However, due to Deoxynivalenol (DON) toxin that sickle-like bacteria (Fusarium spp.) produces has the function of virulence factor, increase To the effect of the drug resistance of various sterilization agent, so that most bactericide are to the prevention effect of gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley not ten sub-argument Think.Therefore, it is current Ensuring Food Safety and great society's need of food security how to effectively control cereal crops head blight Ask.
Fall ill cereal DON endotoxin contaminations level depend on the infected pathogen bacterium amount of cereal and thalline toxin biology close Into ability.Major antibacterial agent preventive effect of the invention for preventing and treating gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley outside Now Domestic is not very good, DON toxin Pollution often exceeds the situation of edible safety standard, studies and finds that sickle-like bacteria has the two of benzimidazole germicide first Plant 'beta '-tubulin (β1- and β2-) acceptor, and the confrontation property of medicine and the hereditary negative regulation mechanism of drug sensitivity, find wherein to constitute β2240 amino acids phenylalanines of-tubulin acceptor are to reduce the main cause of drug sensitivity, 167 amino acids point mutation Carbendazim can be caused to lose prevention effect, and thalline DON toxin synthesis capability, mycelia rate of propagation and pathogenic energy is greatly enhanced Power, reduces the prevention effect of bactericide；In addition, research it has also been found that sickle-like bacteria ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor (EBI) by Body-cytochrome P450Monooxygenase, can also be overexpressed by encoding gene and point mutation reduces drug sensitivity or the production to EBI The raw resistance to the action of a drug.Therefore, although although some bactericide show very high activity in laboratory, higher dose is then needed in Field information Amount, such as every mu needs to use 40~50 grams of (600-750g a.i./hm2) above active ingredient benzimidazole germicide or 15~20 grams of (225-300g a.i./hm2) above active ingredient EBI, could obtain 70% or so gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley control Effect.
With for a long time largely using the single selective bactericide of these mechanisms of action, in the disease fungus colony of nature The resistance to the action of a drug is occurred in that, using effect declines year by year.Inventor had found East China pair by the monitoring for resistance of nearly 30 years The sickle-like bacteria that the benzimidazole germicides such as carbendazim develop immunity to drugs has formed dominant group, conventional carbendazim, sulphur bacterium The benzimidazole germicides such as spirit lose the preventing and treating value to gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley substantially.Simultaneously also as resistance to the action of a drug germ produces The ability of DON toxin is more than 5 times of sensitive strain, has increasingly aggravated the harm of Chinese gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley and the wind of food security Danger.Peasant doubles, using bactericide such as carbendazim, to be further exacerbated by the resistance to the action of a drug, agricultural chemicals residual in order to reduce production loss, often Stay, environmental pollution and food-safety problem.
Therefore, the present inventor, by lot of experiments and analysis, completes finally on the basis for summarizing prior art The present invention.
【The content of the invention】
[technical problem to be solved]
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of composition pesticide for being used to prevent and treat gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley.
It is a further object to provide the purposes of the composition pesticide.
[technical scheme]
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
The present invention relates to a kind of composition pesticide for being used to prevent and treat gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley.
Described composition pesticide is than 1~120 by jinggangmeisu and nitrile bacterium azoles according to weight：1~50 composition.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, described composition pesticide be by jinggangmeisu and nitrile bacterium azoles according to Weight is than 5~60：3~25 compositions.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, described composition pesticide be by jinggangmeisu and nitrile bacterium azoles by According to weight than 8~20：6~20 compositions.
The invention further relates to a kind of disinfectant use in agriculture for being used to prevent and treat gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley.Described disinfectant use in agriculture contain with Composition pesticide described in weight meter 0.1~90.0%, surplus is acceptable carrier and/or auxiliary agent in agricultural chemicals.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, described disinfectant use in agriculture contains 10~75.0% institute by weight The composition pesticide stated, surplus is acceptable carrier and/or auxiliary agent in agricultural chemicals.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, described disinfectant use in agriculture contains by weight 15~60.0% Described composition pesticide, surplus is acceptable carrier and/or auxiliary agent in agricultural chemicals.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, described disinfectant use in agriculture is suspending agent, aqueous emulsion, micro emulsion Agent, wettable powder or water dispersion granule.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, described carrier be it is one or more selected from water, attapulgite, Kaolin or precipitated calcium carbonate.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, described auxiliary agent be selected from ethanol, methanol, ethylene glycol, propane diols, NNO-1, NNO-7, xanthans, polyethylene glycol, glycerine, pull open powder, lauryl sodium sulfate, neopelex, sulfuric acid Ammonium, APES, alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base ether phosphate, polyoxyethylene carboxylate, benzoic acid, sulfomethylated lignin Sour sodium, carboxymethyl cellulose or polyvinyl alcohol.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, described gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley is that wheat scab and barley are red mould Disease, the wheat crops bud-rot as caused by the Fusarium disease fungus (Fusarium spp.) including carbendazim resistance sickle-like bacteria, Seedling is withered, fringe is rotten or withered fringe.
The present invention is described in more detail below.
The present invention relates to a kind of composition pesticide for being used to prevent and treat gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley.
Described composition pesticide is than 1~150 by jinggangmeisu and nitrile bacterium azoles according to weight：1~50 composition.
The nitrile bacterium azoles that the present invention is used, English common name Myclobutanil, its chemical structural formula is as follows：
It is the absorbability triazole bactericidal agent of the protection of class tool and therapeutic activity.Nitrile bacterium azoles are mainly by suppressing pathogen The biosynthesis of ergosterol, destruction fungal cell's membrane permeability and membrane structure and strong inhibition Fungal hyphal growth, to sac fungus, Basidiomycetes is respectively provided with good prevention effect.Nitrile bacterium azoles have strong absorbability, drug effect high, and the lasting period is long, to crop safety, stimulate The characteristics of it grows.The bactericide can be used for powdery mildew, rust and the scab of the pomaceous fruit plants such as preventing and treating apple, pears, preventing and treating The powdery mildew of kernel approaches plant, leaf rust, stain disease, rot, preventing and treating loose smut of wheat and barley, covered smut, stinking smut, Wheat round-grained rice rot, stripe disease of barley, also there is preventive and therapeutic effect to seedling stage powdery mildew of cereals, rust and banded sclerotial blight, but red mould to wheat class The preventing and treating of disease there is no registration and be rarely reported.
The jinggangmeisu (valida) that the present invention is used, English common name Validamycin or jinggangmycin, Its chemical structural formula is as follows：
Jinggangmeisu is a kind of secondary metabolites of actinomyces, contains six kinds of similar aminoglucan glycosides of A, B, C, D, E, F Analog derivative.Domestic and international numerous studies show that component A is the main active component of jinggangmeisu.Therefore, it is related in the present invention Jinggangmeisu be jinggangmycin A.
Rhizoctonia fungi (Rhizoctonia of the jinggangmeisu in vitro shows selectivity interference basidiomycetes Spp.) top hyphal development.Therefore, it is special as farm antibiotics always since jinggangmeisu is found from 1970s Plant disease caused by rhizoctonia is prevented and treated to one property, or is controlled with the pesticide processing of preventing and treating other plant harmful organism into built agent is simultaneous Rhizoctonia (Rhizoctonia spp.) disease.These rhizoctonia diseases mainly include rice sheath blight disease, wheat sharp eyespot and its His crop banded sclerotial blight or damping-off.In recent years, jinggangmeisu is found to can be also used for a kind of Fungi Imperfecti for being difficult to cultivate of preventing and treating again False smut caused by (Ustilaginoidea virens).
Because valida or jinggangmeisu in vitro lower performance have specialization antibacterial activity to rhizoctonia, to causing The sickle-like bacteria of head blight does not have antibacterial activity, therefore, and people study jinggangmeisu always using rhizoctonia as object in decades Selective mechanism, finds valida/jinggangmeisu interference rhizoctonia inositol and Trehalose Metabolism, so as to destroy the structure of cell membrane Make, prevent rhizoctonia from infecting plant, with good protective effect.The antibiotic is limited to for preventing and treating always for decades Crops rhizoctonia disease, especially rice sheath blight disease.
It is well known that the single specialization bactericide of effect easily filters out drug-resistant pathogen opportunistic pathogen, after extensive use not Application value will be lost long.The present inventor studies resistance to the action of a drug wind of the rhizoctonia to selective jinggangmeisu from 1980s Danger, it is found that jinggangmeisu is different from the high other any selective antibiotics of resistance risk and chemical bactericide, in laboratory With jinggangmeisu resistance rhizoctonia can not be screened under field condition.Thus infer, jinggangmeisu is except the known inositol of interference Beyond trehalose biosynthesis, other special resistant effect mechanism are likely present.
The present inventor has carried out suppression on the basis of research sickle-like bacteria DON toxin biosynthesis pathway and regulatory mechanism A large amount of screening compounds of DON toxin biosynthesis.In screening process, in fact it has surprisingly been found that jinggangmeisu is necessarily being handled Under dosage, biochemical reaction that can be in strong inhibition fusarium graminearum DON toxin biosynthesis early stage approach.Therefore, The jinggangmeisu and nitrile bacterium azoles composition for preventing and controlling gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley technology of a kind of reduction DON pollutions, the weight as the present invention are provided Syllabus.
The present inventor has carried out jinggangmeisu/valida and has suppressed sickle-like bacteria virulence factor DON synthesis first in the world, And its synergistic formula with the mixtures of other various bactericide in field control gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley is screened, find jinggangmeisu with Nitrile bacterium azoles composition for preventing and controlling wheat crops head blight has notable synergy, reduction DON endotoxin contaminations and nitrile bacterium azoles is greatly reduced The beneficial effect of consumption.
In the composition pesticide of the present invention, if the amount of jinggangmeisu is in the range of 1~120 parts by weight, and nitrile bacterium azoles Amount be less than 1 parts by weight when, then can reduce the prevention effect to head blight；, then can be right when the amount of nitrile bacterium azoles is more than 50 parts by weight Wheat growth is inhibited.Therefore, the amount of nitrile bacterium azoles is that 1~50 parts by weight are rational.
Similarly, if the amount of nitrile bacterium azoles is in the range of 1~50 parts by weight, and the amount of jinggangmeisu be less than 1 parts by weight when, It can then lose to cooperate with nitrile bacterium azoles and prevent and treat head blight, reduce the synergistic effect of endotoxin contamination level；The amount of jinggangmeisu is more than 120 During parts by weight, then it can increase cost, reduction cooperates with the synergistic effect for preventing and treating head blight and reduction endotoxin contamination with nitrile bacterium azoles；Cause This, the amount of jinggangmeisu is that 1~120 parts by weight are appropriate.
Preferably, described composition pesticide is than 5~60 by jinggangmeisu and nitrile bacterium azoles according to weight：3~25 compositions 's.
It is highly preferred that described composition pesticide is than 8~20 by jinggangmeisu and nitrile bacterium azoles according to weight：6~20 groups Into.
Jinggangmeisu and nitrile bacterium azoles that the present invention is used all are the products sold in the market, for example, given birth to by Zhejiang Qianjiang Thing chemistry limited company 3%, 5%A, 20%, 40%A, 60%A validamycin powder agent and aqua；By the beneficial agriculture of LG-DOW 40% nitrile bacterium azoles wettable powder of company's production etc..
The invention further relates to a kind of agricultural bactericidal agent formulation for being used to prevent and treat gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley.Described disinfectant use in agriculture contains There is the composition pesticide by weight described in 0.1~90.0%, surplus is acceptable carrier and/or auxiliary agent in agricultural chemicals.
In the present invention, farm chemical carrier or auxiliary agent in Pesticide formulation or use it should be understood that be used to improve medicament Physicochemical property, improves drug effect, is readily transported the auxiliary substance of the performances such as storage, such as wetting agent, emulsifying agent, dispersant, adhesion Agent, stabilizer or synergist.It is every there is no any negative with these performances and to disinfectant use in agriculture of the invention according to the present invention The chemical substance that face rings may be used to the present invention, and they are all within protection scope of the present invention.
The carrier that the present invention is used is, for example, one or more selected from water, attapulgite, kaolin or precipitated calcium carbonate.Remove Outside this, the present invention can also use the other carriers usually used in the art for meeting application claims.
The auxiliary agent that the present invention is used is selected from ethanol, methanol, ethylene glycol, propane diols, NNO-1 (chemical names：Naphthalene sulfonic acids Formaldehyde condensation products sodium salt), NNO-7 (chemical names：Naphthalene sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product calcium salt), xanthans, polyethylene glycol, glycerine, drawing Open powder, lauryl sodium sulfate, neopelex, ammonium sulfate, APES, alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base Ether phosphate, polyoxyethylene carboxylate, benzoic acid, sodium lignin sulfonate, carboxymethyl cellulose or polyvinyl alcohol, organosilicon disappear Infusion (polysiloxanes and silicones condensation product, or polysiloxanes and copolyether).The auxiliary agent that the present invention is used is current city The product sold extensively on field, the diffusion for example sold by Fei Huang Chemical Co., Ltd.s of Xinyi City with trade name NNO-1, NNO-7 Agent, sodium butylnaphthalenesulfonate emulsification, diffusion and the bleeding agent sold by the emerging milky way Chemical Co., Ltd. in Hubei with trade name pull open powder, Sold by the APES of the loyal Fine Chemical Co., Ltd's sale in Shanghai, by Guangzhou Xi Lu Chemical Co., Ltd.s Alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base ether phosphate, by Shandong Province Liangshan Hong Tai epoxidized soybean oils Co., Ltd sell aliphatic acid polyoxy Vinyl acetate, the carboxymethyl cellulose sold by Jiangxi Province Pingxiang Ma Shan auxiliary reagent factories, defoamer Co., Ltd of Nanjing Huaxing sell Organic silicon defoamer.In addition, the present invention, which can also be used, meets the usually used in the art of application claims Other auxiliary agents.
In the present invention, in described disinfectant use in agriculture, when the amount of described composition pesticide is less than 0.1%, then can Reduce protection effect, lose synergistic effect and increase cost；When the amount of described composition pesticide is more than 90.0%, then it can reduce Preparation physical and chemical quality, lose synergistic effect or reduction protection effect；Therefore, the amount of the composition pesticide is 0.1~90.0% It is rational.
Preferably, described disinfectant use in agriculture contains composition pesticide by weight described in 10~75.0%, and surplus is Acceptable carrier and/or auxiliary agent in agricultural chemicals.
It is highly preferred that described disinfectant use in agriculture contains composition pesticide by weight described in 15~60.0%, surplus For acceptable carrier and/or auxiliary agent in agricultural chemicals.
In actual applications, can according to method well known to those skilled in the art by the present invention bactericidal composition and load Body and/or auxiliary agent are configured in the formulation agriculturally generally used, for example suspending agent, aqueous emulsion, microemulsion, wettable powder or Water dispersible granules.
When preparing suspending agent, the carrier or auxiliary agent that can be used be, for example, selected from alkylnaphthalene sulfonate, polycarboxylate or The dispersant of lignosulfonates；Selected from alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base ether phosphate, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene groups ether phosphate, The wetting agent of alkyl sulfate, alkylsulfonate or naphthalene sulfonate；Selected from xanthans, aluminium-magnesium silicate, bentonitic thickener；Choosing From benzoic acid or the preservative of sodium benzoate；Organic silicon defoamer；Selected from the antifreeze of glycerine, urea, ethylene glycol or propane diols Agent.
When preparing aqueous emulsion, the carrier or auxiliary agent that can be used are, for example, to be selected from Nongru-700, agriculture breast 2201, Span-60 Or emulsifying agent T-60 emulsifying agent；Solvent selected from dimethylbenzene, toluene or cyclohexanone；Selected from triphenyl phosphite or epoxy chloropropionate The stabilizer of alkane；Antifreezing agent selected from ethylene glycol, propane diols, glycerine or urea；Selected from aluminium-magnesium silicate, bentonite or xanthans Thickener；Preservative selected from benzoic acid or sodium benzoate.
When preparing microemulsion, the carrier or auxiliary agent that can be used are, for example, to be selected from calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (agriculture breast 500), Nongru-700, agriculture breast 2201, this disk -60, Tween-80 or TX-10 emulsifying agent；Selected from methanol, isopropanol, n-butanol or The cosolvent of ethanol；Solvent selected from dimethylbenzene, toluene, cyclohexanone or 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE；Selected from triphenyl phosphite or The stabilizer of epoxychloropropane.
When preparing wettable powder, the carrier or auxiliary agent that can be used are, for example, to be selected from polycarboxylate, lignin sulfonic acid The dispersant of salt or alkylnaphthalene sulfonate；Wetting agent selected from alkylsulfonate, alkyl sulfate or naphthalene sulfonate；Selected from lightweight Calcium carbonate, talcum powder, diatomite, the filler of kaolin or attapulgite.
When preparing water dispersible granules, the carrier or auxiliary agent that can be used are, for example, to be selected from polycarboxylate, lignin sulfonic acid The dispersant of salt or alkylnaphthalene sulfonate；Wetting selected from alkyl sulfate, polyoxyethylene alcohol, alkylsulfonate or naphthalene sulfonate Agent；Disintegrant selected from citric acid, ammonium sulfate, glucose, urea or sodium acid carbonate；Selected from cornstarch, microcrystalline cellulose class Or Diatomite binder；Filler selected from precipitated calcium carbonate, sepiolite, diatomite, kaolin, attapulgite or talcum powder.
Its result of study will be described in detail respectively below.
I, the reactive compound screening for suppressing reaping hook bacteria growing
Jinggangmeisu and nitrile bacterium azoles are used aqua sterilisa and first by the present invention respectively using the conventional method of fungicide bioassay Alcohol is configured to 2mg/mL mother liquors, and comparison medicament carbendazim active compound is dissolved in 0.1M/L hydrochloric acid solutions, 2-cyano-3-amino-3-phenylancryic acetate and is dissolved in methanol, is made 2mg/mL mother liquors.When potato dextrose agar (PDA) is cooled to about 45 DEG C of temperature, be separately added into jinggangmeisu and Nitrile bacterium azoles are subsequently poured into the flat board that different agents processing is made in culture dish to design concentration (being shown in Table 1), often handle the repetition of 3 wares, connect Plant the common Fusarium graminearum Fusarium graminearum and Asia sickle-like bacteria Fusarium for causing gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley The wild sensitive strains of asiaticum (abbreviation sensitive strain) and carbendazim and 2-cyano-3-amino-3-phenylancryic acetate resistant strain (abbreviation drug-fast strain) Mycelia block, cultivated 4 days at 25 DEG C of temperature, crossing method measures colony diameter, calculate different disposal and suppress pathogen growth 50% effective middle dosage (EC50Value), and compare antibacterial activity.
Result of the test shows that either single dose is still mixed with nitrile bacterium azoles to causing head blight under in vitro for jinggangmeisu The growth of both sickle-like bacteria sensitive strains and drug-fast strain does not have inhibitory activity substantially, and only jinggangmeisu is up to 50g/mL During concentration, just there is 6.5%~7.8% inhibitory action to two kinds of reaping hook bacteria growings.But nitrile bacterium azoles are to the sensitivity of two kinds of sickle-like bacteria The mycelial growth of bacterial strain and drug-fast strain has similar strong inhibition effect, and the processing of 0.05g/mL nitrile bacterium azoles is to mycelial growth Inhibitory action i.e. up to 50%.Jinggangmeisu suppresses mycelial growth to nitrile bacterium azoles in vitro does not have synergistic effect (ginseng It is shown in Table 1).
According to Asia sickle-like bacteria and the wild sensitive strain of Fusarium graminearum and carbendazim and 2-cyano-3-amino-3-phenylancryic acetate resistant strain in nitrile Growth inhibition ratio under the processing of bacterium azoles various dose, calculates effective middle dosage that nitrile bacterium azoles suppress to different drug sensitivity strain growths (EC50), as a result find the sensitiveness of wild-type sensitive bacterial strain, carbendazim resistance bacterial strain, 2-cyano-3-amino-3-phenylancryic acetate resistant strain to nitrile bacterium azoles It is similar, EC50For 0.056~0.068g/mL, result of the test is listed in Table 2 below.
With medicament EC50For parameter, relatively more different bactericide suppress the activity of reaping hook bacteria growing, find the activity of nitrile bacterium azoles about It is that carbendazim is active to sensitive strain (to two kinds of sickle-like bacteria EC50Be 0.45g/mL) 7~8 times, be approximately 2-cyano-3-amino-3-phenylancryic acetate to quick Strain activity is felt (to two kinds of sickle-like bacteria EC50Be 0.165g/mL) 2~3 times.The result illustrates that nitrile bacterium azoles have strong inhibition The activity of wild sensitive strain and carbendazim and 2-cyano-3-amino-3-phenylancryic acetate resistance reaping hook bacteria growing, the DON toxin of cereal is infected beneficial to reduction Level of pollution and prevent and treat resistance to the action of a drug disease.
Table 1：The influence that jinggangmeisu and nitrile bacterium azoles grow in vitro to two kinds of sickle-like bacteria sensitive strains
* F.g and F.a are Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium asiaticum abbreviation respectively, similarly hereinafter.
Table 2：Nitrile bacterium azoles are to two kinds of sickle-like bacteria sensitivities and the growth inhibitory activity of carbendazim and 2-cyano-3-amino-3-phenylancryic acetate resistant strain
II. inhibitory activity of the jinggangmeisu to fusarium toxin biosynthesis ability
Because Fusarium graminearum is identical to the drug sensitivity of jinggangmeisu and nitrile bacterium azoles with Asia sickle-like bacteria, the present inventor selects The stronger Asia sickle-like bacteria Fusarium of toxin synthesis capability (unit bacterium amount synthesizes DON weight, gDON/g dry weights mycelia) The material that asiaticum is synthesized as further research toxin.The carbendazim resistance Asia sickle-like bacteria of gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley will be caused It is inoculated in 3% sweet mung bean soup of sterilizing, shakes training 10 days for 25 DEG C and 12/24 hour under scattered light in temperature, mitogenetic spore is collected by centrifugation Son.By conidium according to final for 106/ mL is inoculated in potato sucrose (PS) nutrient solution of the various dose containing jinggangmeisu In, in temperature, 25 DEG C and 12/24 hour are shaken training under scattered light, and culture was filtered after 7 and 14 days, and nutrient solution poisoning is detected respectively Cellulose content and measurement dry mycelial weight, analysis toxin synthesis capability (the toxin amount that unit weight mycelia produces).
Toxin determination method：Culturing filtrate respectively with ethyl acetate equal-volume extraction 2 times, combining extraction liquid, vacuum distillation Dry, with the solution transfer of 1mL acetonitriles into new centrifuge tube, redistillation is dried, and preserves to be measured at -20 DEG C of temperature.In detection Add 100 μ LTMS derivatization reagents (TMSI：TMCS=100：1) 10min, is mixed, 1mL ultra-pure waters are added, concussion is layered, then Aspirate supernatant is simultaneously added in GC sample injection bottles, and content of toxins is carried out with the gas-chromatography (GC-ECD) that monitor is captured equipped with electronics Detection.DON reagents using Sigma set up standard curve as standard specimen, calculate the DON contents in nutrient solution, including DON, 3ADON and 15ADON.Mycelia will be filtered out simultaneously to dry to constant weight at 80 DEG C of temperature, weigh dry mycelial weight.In addition, shaking training 7 days When, pipette mycelia detection toxin synthesis key gene Tri5 expression.Its result of the test is listed in Table 3 below.
It can be found that the mycelium morphology factor of gibberellic hypha increases as incubation time extends from the experimental result of table 3, but Training is shaken in culture medium containing the processing of various dose jinggangmeisu, mycelium morphology factor does not have significant changes, explanation with blank control The no inhibitory action of growth of the jinggangmeisu to Liquid Culture gibberellic hypha, is determined with the linear growth rate on PDA plate As a result it is consistent.But, find that the amount (μ g DON/g dry weights mycelia) of unit mycelia weight synthesis DON toxin is then mould with well ridge first Plain treatment dosage increases and substantially reduced.Moreover, the inhibitory action that is synthesized to DON of jinggangmeisu with incubation time extend and under Drop, especially when low concentration is handled, range of decrease degree is bigger.These results illustrate that jinggangmeisu may with the extension of test period Degrade, so as to reduce the inhibitory action of contratoxin biosynthesis.
According to toxin synthetic gene expression horizontal analysis when handling 7 days, although finding jinggangmeisu in vitro Growth and hypha form to sickle-like bacteria do not have harmful effect, but being capable of the conjunction of strong inhibition DON toxin under very reduction process dosage Into key gene tri5 expression, thalline toxin biosynthesis ability is reduced, DON biosynthesis are reduced, its result of the test is listed in table 4 In.
Table 3：Jinggangmeisu suppresses sickle-like bacteria DON toxin synthesis capability result of the tests
Table 4：Jinggangmeisu is to sickle-like bacteria DON synthetic gene Tri5 Gene Expression result of the tests
III. nitrile bacterium azoles suppress the synergistic effect of sickle-like bacteria DON toxin biosynthesis abilities to jinggangmeisu
Nitrile bacterium azoles processing can destroy the cell leakage of gibberellic hypha, suppress mycelial growth.Nitrile bacterium azoles and jinggangmeisu Compositions-treated can increase germ and jinggangmeisu is absorbed.Jinggangmeisu, which is determined, in research contents II suppresses sickle-like bacteria While DON toxin biosynthesis, also measured were in the presence of 0.05g/mL nitrile bacterium azoles, when cultivating 7 days and 14 days, well ridge is mould Element is to the inhibitory action of Fusarium asiaticum DON toxin biosynthesis abilities, and analysis nitrile bacterium azoles are to jinggangmeisu suppression The synergistic effect of DON toxin biosynthesis processed.DON detection methods are identical with research contents II.
Known by research contents I and II, individually processing has about 0.05 μ g/ml nitrile bacterium azoles to the mycelial growth of gibberellic hypha 50% inhibiting rate.As can be seen from Table 5, the processing of 0.05 μ g/ml nitrile bacterium azoles is given birth at 7 days and 14 days to fusarium toxin Thing synthesis capability does not have significant inhibitory action with blank control toxin synthesis capability, illustrates that nitrile bacterium azoles only have suppression mycelial growth Activity, does not suppress the effect of toxin synthesis capability.But, in the presence of 0.05 μ g/ml nitrile bacterium azoles, the well of each concentration for the treatment of Ridge mycin is increased substantially to DON toxin biosynthesis ability inhibitory action.And as incubation time extends, jinggangmeisu pair Toxin synthesis capability inhibitory action decrease speed is substantially less than the control treatment without nitrile bacterium azoles, in the processing of low concentration jinggangmeisu Synergy and extension action time it is especially more obvious.Result is listed according to table 3 to calculate, in 0.05 μ g/mL nitrile bacterium azoles, Jing Gang Mycin processing at 7 days and 14 days to suppression fusarium toxin biosynthesis synergistic effect the results are shown in Table 5.By these knots The clear explanation of fruit：(1) jinggangmeisu has the effect of strong reduction sickle-like bacteria DON toxin biosynthesis abilities, and nitrile bacterium azoles do not have then There is this effect；(2) nitrile bacterium azoles suppress fusarium toxin biosynthesis to jinggangmeisu has obvious synergistic effect, and with well Ridge mycin treatment dosage reduction, synergistic effect enhancing；(3) nitrile bacterium azoles can extend the suppression that jinggangmeisu is synthesized to fusarium toxin Action time processed, synergistic effect strengthens with processing time lengthening.
Table 5：0.05 μ g/mL nitrile bacterium azoles suppress fusarium graminearum DON toxin to jinggangmeisu and synthesize synergy test As a result
* coefficient of synergism computational methods：In 0.05 μ g/ml nitrile bacterium azoles, jinggangmeisu contratoxin synthesis inhibiting rate divided by well Corresponding dosage toxin synthesizes inhibiting rate when ridge mycin is individually handled, multiplied by with 100.
IV. disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent processing wheat seed of the present invention prevents and treats the effect of Wheat Seedling head blight and other diseases Fruit and synergistic effect
Compare 1 according to the weight of jinggangmeisu and nitrile bacterium azoles:1.5、10:1.5、100:1.5、1:1、10:1、100:1、2:1、 20:1、200:1、5:1 and 50:1, it is 3% (1 that content is prepared respectively:1.5、1:1、2:1st), 5% (10:1.5、10:1、5:1、)、 10% (50:1、100:1、20:1st), 20% (100:1.5、200:1) disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent sample.Sample preparation methods It is that nitrile bacterium azoles and jinggangmeisu active compound are mixed according to above-mentioned weight ratio, adds containing 40% water by weight, 8% ethylene glycol and the third two Alcohol mixed solvent (volume ratio 1：1), 1.0%NNO-1 and 1.5%NNO-7 dispersants (give birth to by Fei Huang Chemical Co., Ltd.s of Xinyi City Production), 1% organic silicon defoamer, in the solution of 0.5% xanthans sticker and 1% polyethylene glycol, be finally supplemented to water 100%, be crushed to through sand mill 90% pharmacy particle Zhi Jing≤5m.
The single dose consumption in the disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent is used by every 100kg seed treatments, design corresponding dosage Jinggangmeisu and nitrile bacterium azoles single dose consumption (being shown in Table 6), are converted these decoctions for 5 liters by 100kg seeds with decoction respectively prior to seeding Water dilutes, and then Dressing has infected the wheat seed of fusarium graminearum.Each diameter 20cm basins alms bowl sows 25 seeds, Each processing repeats 10 basins, is placed in hot-house culture.Check emergence rate and death rate within 10 days after emerging, calculating causes bud to gibberellic hypha The rotten and withered prevention effect of seedling.Retain the consistent wheat seeding of 10 plants of growing ways simultaneously, and inoculation contains rhizoctonia cerealis in matrix The wheat bran medium of (Rhizoctonia cerealis), and to blade inoculation Powdery Mildew and leaf rust spore, 14 after inoculation Its 100 plants of wheat seeding of each processing investigation, calculates the strain incidence of disease and prevention effect of banded sclerotial blight, powdery mildew and rust.Simultaneously according to list Agent is to bud-rot caused by gibberellic hypha and the withered preventive effect of seedling, by the theoretical preventive effect (E=X+ of Abbott (1925) method calculation composition (100-X) Y/100, wherein E are theoretical preventive effect, and X is jinggangmeisu single dose preventive effect, and Y is nitrile bacterium azoles single dose preventive effect) and coefficient of synergism (the actual preventive effect of composition divided by theoretical preventive effect are multiplied by 100), it the results are shown in Table 6.
Table 6：Disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent processing wheat seed preventing and treating wheat diseases effect of the present invention and synergy test As a result
* it is to increase that Abbott, which thinks that the ratio between the actual preventive effect of composition and theoretical preventive effect are more than 1 (or coefficient of synergism is more than 100), Effect is (similarly hereinafter).
Above-mentioned result of the test shows that disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent Dressing of the present invention suffers from the wheat seed of head blight, no It only can effectively prevent and treat bud-rot caused by gibberellic hypha and seedling is withered, and (10~1000g in the range of test dose processing Ai jinggangmeisus and 7.5~60g ai nitrile bacterium azoles/100kg seeds) there is fabulous increasing to seedling is withered caused by preventing and treating gibberellic hypha Effect is acted on, and coefficient of synergism is far longer than 100, and synergistic effect is extremely notable.Although jinggangmeisu single dose has certain to banded sclerotial blight Preventive effect, but it is substantially invalid to powdery mildew and rust；Nitrile bacterium azoles single dose is then equal to seedling stage head blight, banded sclerotial blight, powdery mildew and rust There are favorable effect, and the obvious synergistic effect of performance mixed with jinggangmeisu.
V. disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent of the present invention prevents and treats synergistic effect and the reduction detoxifying function of wheat scab
Compare 1 according to the weight of jinggangmeisu and nitrile bacterium azoles:50、1:20、1:3、1:2、1:1.5、1:1、2:1、5:1、5: 1.5、50:3、10:1、10:1.5、50:2.5、50:1.5 and 50:1, content 20% (1 by weight is prepared respectively:50、1:20、 1:3、1:2、1:1.5、1:1、2:1、5:1、5:1.5) with 40% (10:1、10:1.5、50:3、50:2.5、50:1.5、50:1) Disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent experiment sample of the present invention.Sample preparation methods are nitrile bacterium azoles and jinggangmeisu active compound according to above-mentioned heavy After amount is than mixing, add containing 5% ethylene glycol and mixed with propylene glycol solvent (volume ratio 1 by weight：1), 2% glycerine, 1.0% In NNO-1 dispersants, 1% organic silicon defoamer, the solution of 3% lauryl sodium sulfate and a small amount of water, finally it is supplemented to water 100%, be crushed to through sand mill 90% pharmacy particle Zhi Jing≤5m.
Every mu of disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent of the present invention using various dose of design, while according in the disinfectant use in agriculture Single dose consumption devises corresponding single dose processing.In April, 2013 carries out field control head blight on Jiangsu Province Baima lake farm Experiment sieving, wheat breed is Huaihe River wheat 22, and processing is sprayed to water in wheat flowering each medicament sample at initial stage, is spaced and sprays within 5 days the Secondary medicine, every mu of 50 kilograms of injection flow rate.Each processing repeats 3 cells, per 50 square metres of plot area.Set 50% carbendazim simultaneously The 80 grams of processing of every mu of use of wettable powder are used as comparison medicament.The bactericide field control effectiveness test criterion row issued according to the Ministry of Agriculture Correlation method as defined in industry standard, in milk stage investigation wheat scab, a situation arises, and the reality of head blight is prevented and treated according to each processing Border effect, the synergistic effect of calculation composition.By the theoretical preventive effect (E=X+ (100- of Abbott (1925) method calculation composition X) Y/100, wherein E are theoretical preventive effect, and X is jinggangmeisu single dose preventive effect, and Y is nitrile bacterium azoles single dose preventive effect) and coefficient of synergism (combination 100) the actual preventive effect of thing application divided by theoretical preventive effect are multiplied by.
Toxin determination method：5 points of 200 wheat heads of sampling, indoor threshing, 30 grams of grab sample after drying are respectively handled in dough stage Wheat is crushed.By Goswami and Kistler methods, take 5 grams of flour to be placed in centrifuge tube, add 20mL acetonitrile：Water (volume Than 84:16) extract solution, scroll machine is mixed, and is shaken 24 hours on shaking table, is centrifuged 10min with 5000rpm, is pipetted 2mL supernatants It is added in Eppendorf centrifuge tubes, N air-blowings are done, in -20 DEG C of preservations of temperature.During detection, 100LTMS derivatization reagents are added (TMSI：TMCS=100：1) 10min, is mixed, 1mL ultra-pure waters are added, concussion layering, Aspirate supernatant is added in GC sample injection bottles, Content of toxins detection is carried out with the gas-chromatography (GC-ECD) that monitor is captured equipped with electronics.
Wheat infection dosage assay method：The flour that taking 2g is used for Mycotoxin identification is placed in 50mL centrifuge tubes, adds 20% CTAB germ DNA extraction buffers, add 50 μ L Proteinase Ks and 30 μ LRNA enzymes, fully mix, after 65 DEG C hatch 3 hours, 10000rpm centrifuges 10min, and 20mL supernatants are all gone in 50mL centrifuge tubes, add isometric phenol：Chloroform：Isoamyl alcohol (25:24:1) acutely concussion, 10000rpmL centrifugation 5min, takes 10mL supernatants to add 1/10 cold volume 3molL-1Sodium acetate With 2 times of volume absolute ethyl alcohols, precipitated 24 hours at -20 DEG C of temperature, 10min is centrifuged with 10000rpm, obtained sediment is used 70% ethanol water is eluted 2 times 20mL by volume, is dried, and the dissolving of 50 μ LTE cushioning liquid is added, at -20 DEG C of temperature Preserve the DNA profiling.Key gene Tri5 design primers are synthesized according to DON, the DNA in sample is expanded using real-time quantitative PCR, And Tri5DNA contents in every gram of wheat samples (gDNA/g wheats) are calculated, respectively processing synthesizes energy to calculation composition to thalline toxin The inhibitory action of power, it the results are shown in Table 7.
Table 7：Disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent of the present invention prevents and treats the synergistic effect of wheat scab and reduces the examination of DON endotoxin contaminations Test result
Disinfectant use in agriculture Field Screening of the present invention and result of the test show that disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent of the present invention is raised in wheat Spend initial stage to the pustulation period to spray, 3~25 grams of 1~120g of jinggangmeisu active ingredient and nitrile bacterium azoles active ingredient are used at every mu During mixture, the not only preventing and treating to head blight has notable synergistic effect (coefficient of synergism is more than 100).And the present invention agricultural is killed After the application of microbial inoculum suspending agent, there is notable synergistic effect to the DON levels of pollution for reducing cereal, it is possible to reduce DON contents 85% More than, endotoxin contamination level is controlled into the level of security below 1mg DON/kg cereal.The germ for infecting wheat is determined simultaneously Amount analysis result also again shows that jinggangmeisu, which has, suppresses thalline toxin synthesis capability, and nitrile bacterium azoles are then without this effect. Although carbendazim individually handles the preventive effect for having 67.5% to head blight, sitotoxin level of pollution still has 4.4mg/kg cereal, Only decline 58.5% than blank control.
VI. disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent of the present invention prevents and treats the synergistic effect of wheat diseases and reduces detoxifying function
The present invention uses this development test IV and V test specimen preparation method, further devises and uses agriculture of the present invention With the treatment dosage of bactericide, while being devised according to jinggangmeisu in the disinfectant use in agriculture and the consumption of nitrile bacterium azoles at single dose Reason.Field test was carried out in 2013 on Jiangsu Xin Yang farms.Processing is sprayed to water No. 22 wheat flowering initial stages in Huaihe River wheat, be spaced Spray within 5 days second of medicine, every mu of 50 kilograms of injection flow rate.Each processing is repeated 3 times, per 50 square metres of plot area.Set 50% simultaneously Every mu of carbendazim suspending agent is handled with 80mL as comparison medicament.According to the relevant bactericide field control effectiveness test criterion row of the Ministry of Agriculture Correlation method as defined in industry standard, investigating wheat scab, powdery mildew, rust and leaf blight in milk stage, a situation arises, calculates Disease index, prevention effect and above-mentioned Abbott (1925) method calculate the synergistic effect prevented and treated head blight, Mycotoxin identification side Method is identical with the studies above V method, and result of the test is shown in Table 8.
Table 8：Disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent preventing and treating wheat diseases of the present invention and reduction sitotoxin test for contamination result
The Field information result of table 8 shows that it is mould with well ridge that disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent of the present invention prevents and treats every mu of wheat scab Plain 1~100 gram of active ingredient, 3~25 grams of active ingredients of every mu of use of nitrile bacterium azoles are not only to wheat scab, leaf blight, powdery mildew There is fabulous prevention effect with rust, be much better than conventional carbendazim (after testing experimental field in pathogenic bacterium colony to carbendazim table 37.7%) existing drug-fast germ accounts for, and to there is highly significant increasing including head blight caused by resistance to the action of a drug gibberellic hypha Preventive and therapeutic effect is imitated, field test results of its result with the same year on Baima lake farm are similar.Wherein with every mu with jinggangmeisu 5~ 50 grams, nitrile bacterium azoles with 5~10 grams of effect not only with the preventive effect difference of higher doses less, DON endotoxin contaminations can be controlled Within safe range, and dosage is few, and cost is low, and beneficial to environmental protection, benefit is more preferable.It is especially noted that institute There is the cereal mass of 1000 kernel that bactericide is handled obviously higher than control, especially jinggangmeisu and nitrile bacterium azoles compositions-treated, thousand Increase by more than 10% again, production-increasing function is more notable.
VII. disinfectant use in agriculture wettable powder of the present invention prevents and treats the synergistic effect of barley scab and reduces endotoxin contamination Effect
According to disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent of the present invention in field control head blight and the simultaneous good result for controlling other diseases, sheet Inventor is devised beneficial to decrement using agricultural chemicals and the deal ratio of cost is reduced, and is prepared for that jinggangmeisu is different with nitrile bacterium azoles to be contained The disinfectant use in agriculture wettable powder of amount.Its preparation method is：After being mixed according to nitrile bacterium azoles with jinggangmeisu active compound weight ratio, plus Enter 30% attapulgite carrier, 1.0%NNO-1 dispersants, 3% pull open powder wetting agent, 2% DBSA by weight 300 mesh sieves are crushed and crossed to natrium surfactant, last packing precipitated calcium carbonate to 100% through sand mill.Prepare and contain respectively Measure as 20% (1:3、1:2、1:1.5、1:1) with 60% (4:1、10:3、10:1) the wettable powder sample.
By the single dose consumption in every mu of use wettable powder, while designing the single dose processing of jinggangmeisu and nitrile bacterium azoles And conventional many ketone wettable powder control medications.Processing is sprayed to water flowering initial stage in barley within 2014, interval sprays second in 5 days Secondary medicine, every mu of 50 kilograms of injection flow rate.Each processing is repeated 3 times, per 50 square metres of plot area.According to bactericide field control effectiveness test The correlation method of principle states, investigating barley scab, powdery mildew, rust and leaf blight in milk stage, a situation arises, calculates disease Feelings index and and prevention effect.Simultaneously by research contents Abbott (1925) method, the increasing that mixture prevents and treats barley scab is calculated Effect is acted on.Dough stage, often handles at 5 points and takes each 150 fringe of the wheat head at random, takes back indoor threshing, is detected simultaneously by research contents V method Calculate wheat content of toxins.The influence result of the test of chemicals treatment dosage, preventive effect and synergistic effect and contratoxin content is listed in table 9 In.
Table 9：Disinfectant use in agriculture wettable powder of the present invention prevents and treats barley diseases result of the test
The Field information shows that the processing of nitrile bacterium azoles single dose has preferably to barley scab, leaf blight, powdery mildew and rust Preventive effect, and jinggangmeisu single dose does not have effect substantially in addition to having relatively low preventive effect to head blight to other diseases.But, During disinfectant use in agriculture of the every mu of use containing 3~50g of jinggangmeisu ai and 3~20g of nitrile bacterium azoles ai, to head blight, leaf blight, The preventive effect of powdery mildew and rust is increased substantially, and prevention effect reaches more than 80%~90%, better than many ketone of the conventional medicament of control Effect, synergistic effect is notable.Especially with every mu with 5~50 grams of jinggangmeisu active ingredient, nitrile bacterium azoles with 5~20 grams, can be big The consumption of amplitude reduction nitrile bacterium azoles chemical bactericide, mitigates the environmental pressure of agricultural chemicals, reduces the endotoxin contamination of wheat.
VIII. the mixed preventing and treating wheat diseases of disinfectant use in agriculture wettable powder bucket of the present invention and reduction endotoxin contamination experiment
Using the jinggangmycin A soluble powder of Zhejiang Tonglu Huifeng Bio-Chemical Co., Ltd. 64% commercially Agent and the 40% nitrile bacterium azoles wettable powder produced by The Dow Agrosciences, LLC..Jinggangmeisu according to required for experimental design Active ingredient dosage is used with nitrile bacterium azoles, two kinds of medicaments are weighed respectively, nitrile is added after first jinggangmeisu is diluted to half water Bacterium azoles, stirring, adds second half water, is sprayed after mixing.First time medicine is sprayed initial stage in wheat flowering, and interval sprays for 5 days Secondary medicine, every mu of 50 kilograms of injection flow rate.Test and carried out in April, 2014 on Jiangsu Province Xin Yang farms, wheat breed Huaihe River wheat 33, respectively Processing is repeated 3 times, per 50 square metres of plot area.If many ketone suspending agents are comparison medicament processing.According to bactericide field efficacy Correlation method as defined in test rule, investigating wheat scab, powdery mildew, rust and leaf blight in milk stage, a situation arises, meter Calculate disease index and and prevention effect.Synergistic effect and Mycotoxin identification are identical with the studies above, and treatment dosage and preventive effect are shown in Table 10.
Table 10：Jinggangmeisu and the mixed preventing and treating wheat diseases result of the test of nitrile bacterium azoles wettable powder bucket
The studies above result shows that jinggangmeisu single dose is sprayed with nitrile bacterium azoles single dose in application after interim bucket is mixed, every mu The effect of head blight is prevented and treated with 3~100 grams of active ingredients of jinggangmeisu, every mu of each processing with 3~15 grams of active ingredients of nitrile bacterium azoles Application effect of the fruit with the mixture that is prepared on Wheat And Barley is suitable, and to wheat scab, powdery mildew, rust and leaf blight Also there is obvious synergistic function, prevention effect is better than many ketone.Particularly there is significant synergy to make to wheat scab With, and it is similar with other sample results, show in the range of test dose, with the reduction of nitrile bacterium azoles dosage, synergistic effect is increased. Wherein, every mu can reach using 5~50 grams of jinggangmeisu and 5~15 grams of active ingredients of nitrile bacterium azoles and prevent and treat head blight and simultaneous control leaf Rot, powdery mildew, rust and the desired result for reducing DON endotoxin contaminations.
In a word, gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley described in the present invention is wheat scab and barley scab, by including carbendazim Wheat crops bud-rot, seedling caused by the Fusarium disease fungus (Fusarium spp.) of resistance sickle-like bacteria are withered, fringe is rotten or withered Fringe.
The studies above result shows that every mu of use contains 1~150 gram of jinggangmeisu and 1~25 gram of nitrile bacterium azoles active ingredient Composition, seed treatment (be coated or dress seed) preventing and treating gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley has notable synergistic effect before Wheat Sowing, also simultaneously It is simultaneous to control powdery mildew of cereals, rust and banded sclerotial blight；Water is sprayed in wheat heading, flowering to pustulation period, it is not only red to Wheat And Barley mould The preventing and treating of disease has a synergistic effect, but also with reduction DON endotoxin contaminations level, increase mass of 1000 kernel and simultaneous controls powdery mildew, rust The effect of disease and leaf blight.
[beneficial effect]
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
Compared with conventional sterilization agent, microbicide compositions of the invention have advantages below：1st, should compared with application single dose Composition has obvious synergistic effect for preventing and treating gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley, is remarkably improved the effect for preventing and treating head blight, improves people The ability of class prevention and control wheat crops head blight；2nd, the level of pollution of cereal DON toxin can be significantly reduced；3rd, medication can be reduced Measure, reduce cost, reduce environmental pollution and residues of pesticides；4th, bactericide selection pressure is reduced, Wheat Pathogenic Fungi pair can be delayed The resistance to the action of a drug of nitrile bacterium azoles, and the gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley developed immunity to drugs to carbendazim can be prevented and treated；5th, holding with extension jinggangmeisu The effect phase, reduce times for spraying, it is simultaneous control powdery mildew of cereals, rust, leaf blight and banded sclerotial blight, reduce the recruitment cost of Pesticide use Advantage；6th, jinggangmeisu is the strong non-pollution microbial source pesticide of selectivity, mixed with nitrile bacterium azoles, considerably reduces chemical agriculture The dosage of medicine, it is environmentally friendly.
【Brief description of the drawings】
【Embodiment】
The present invention is will be better understood that by following embodiments.
Embodiment 1：42% disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent preventing and treating wheat diseases experiment of the present invention
Test period and place：In April, 2015, Jiangsu Xin Yang farms
Test material：Wheat, kind：Huaihe River wheat 33.
Test method：
Sample preparation methods：Nitrile bacterium azoles compare 1 with jinggangmeisu active compound according to weight：20、1：6、5：16、5：2 and 6：1 mixes Close, the research V methods described according still further to present specification, the disinfectant use in agriculture of the present invention that processing obtains 42% different ratio hangs Floating agent test specimen.Every mu of 25 milliliters of use, 50 milliliters, 100 milliliters of composite preparations.Wheat flowering, which is watered initial stage, to be sprayed, Second of medicine, every mu of 50 kilograms of injection flow rate were sprayed every 5 days.It is using the corresponding dosage and spray clear water of wettable powder single dose simultaneously Control, carbendazim is as comparison medicament, and each processing is repeated 2 times, per 100 square metres of plot area.
According to the correlation method of bactericide field control effectiveness test principle states, wheat scab, white powder are investigated in milk stage Disease, rust and leaf blight be under a situation arises, calculates disease index and synergistic effect with prevention effect and to head blight and to poison The effect of plain contamination control, the results are shown in Table 11 for it.
Table 11：42% disinfectant use in agriculture suspending agent preventing and treating wheat diseases result of the test of the present invention
Above-mentioned Field information result shows there is well small using 0.5~36g jinggangmeisus and 3~20 grams of nitrile bacterium azoles Wheat disease-controlling effect.The coefficient of synergism 111.6~136.1 of head blight is prevented and treated, synergistic effect is notable.But, every mu of application 3~ When 15 grams of jinggangmeisus and 6~20 grams of nitrile bacterium azoles, endotoxin contamination level is significantly reduced, synergistic effect is extremely obvious, prevented and treated red mould The effect of disease effectively simultaneous can control wheat powdery mildew, rust and leaf blight more than 80%.These results are also shown that use When 0.5~36 gram of jinggangmeisu and 3~20 grams of nitrile bacterium azoles/mu, the DON content of toxins in cereal, which is relatively compareed, declines 90% or so, Than with jinggangmeisu or the independent processing of nitrile bacterium azoles, attenuating effects are also extremely notable.
Embodiment 2：64% disinfectant use in agriculture wettable powder preventing and treating wheat diseases experiment of the present invention
Test period and place：In April, 2015, the Along The Yangtze River In Jiangsu Province institute of agricultural sciences (Rugao)
Test material：Wheat.Kind：Raise No. 4, of wheat
Test method：Compare 1 according to nitrile bacterium azoles and jinggangmeisu active compound weight:1 mixing, is described according to present specification Research VII method prepares 64% wettable powder test specimen.Every mu effective using jinggangmeisu and nitrile bacterium azoles respectively The disinfectant use in agriculture wettable powder of the present invention of 4~20 grams of component content.Initial stage water is sprayed raising No. 4 wheat flowerings of wheat, Second of medicine, every mu of 45 kilograms of injection flow rate were sprayed every 5 days.Using dosage of the 20% single dose wettable powder in being used in mixed way and It is control to spray clear water, if 60 grams/acre of the wettable powder of ketone more than 50% is comparison medicament.Each processing is repeated 3 times, per plot area 50 Square metre.According to the correlation method of bactericide field control effectiveness test principle states, wheat scab, white powder are investigated in milk stage A situation arises for disease, rust and leaf blight, calculates disease index and and prevention effect.Grab sample threshing before harvest, determines thousand Weight.Increase percentage=(processing mass of 1000 kernel-control mass of 1000 kernel)/compares mass of 1000 kernel × 100 to grain again.It the results are shown in Table 12.
Table 12：64% disinfectant use in agriculture wettable powder preventing and treating wheat diseases result of the test of the present invention
Above-mentioned Field information result shows that every mu uses jinggangmeisu and nitrile bacterium azoles 1:1 deal than composition effectively contain Measuring each 4~20 grams has good prevention effect to wheat scab, leaf blight, powdery mildew and rust, but with mould using well ridge Element and each 4~16 grams of active ingredient best results of nitrile bacterium azoles.Compositions-treated can increase mass of 1000 kernel 9.7%~11.8%, increase Production effect is obvious.
Embodiment 3：15% disinfectant use in agriculture wettable powder preventing and treating wheat diseases of the present invention and reduction endotoxin contamination experiment
Test period and place：In April, 2015, the Along The Yangtze River In Jiangsu Province institute of agricultural sciences (Rugao), phase of the test arrangement in example 2 Same field.
Test material：Wheat.Kind：Raise wheat No. 4.
Test method：Compare 1 according to nitrile bacterium azoles and jinggangmeisu active compound weight:After 1 mixing, 10% kaolinite by weight is added Native carrier, 2% sodium lignin sulfonate auxiliary agent, 2% carboxymethyl cellulose, 1% alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base ether phosphate and 2% are poly- Vinyl alcohol, finally adds precipitated calcium carbonate carrier to 100%, 300 mesh sieves is crushed and crossed through sand mill, it is 15% to prepare content Disinfectant use in agriculture wettable powder experiment sample of the present invention.Every mu uses jinggangmeisu and nitrile bacterium azoles active constituent content respectively 20th, 15,6 grams of composite wettable powder.Initial stage water is sprayed raising No. 4 wheat flowerings of wheat, interval is sprayed second for 5 days Medicine, every mu of 45 kilograms of injection flow rate.The use of dosage of the 15% single dose wettable powder in being used in mixed way and spray clear water is control, if 60 grams/acre of the wettable powder of ketone more than 50% is comparison medicament.Each processing is repeated 3 times, per 50 square metres of plot area.According to sterilization The correlation method of agent field control effectiveness test principle states, wheat scab, powdery mildew, rust and leaf blight hair are investigated in milk stage Raw situation, calculates disease index and and prevention effect.Grab sample threshing before harvest, determines mass of 1000 kernel.Grain increases percentage again =(processing mass of 1000 kernel-control mass of 1000 kernel)/control mass of 1000 kernel × 100.Result of the test is shown in Table 13.
Table 13：15% disinfectant use in agriculture wettable powder preventing and treating wheat diseases result of the test of the present invention
Above-mentioned result of the test shows, disinfectant use in agriculture of the present invention prevent and treat head blight synergistic effect and production-increasing function it is notable. This effect is relevant with dosage, and does not have notable sexual intercourse with the content and auxiliary agent of process preparation.
Embodiment 4：The effect of 30% disinfectant use in agriculture water dispersible granules preventing and treating wheat diseases and reduction endotoxin contamination of the present invention Really
Test period and place：In April, 2015, Jiangsu Baima lake farm
Test material：Wheat.Kind：Magnificent No. 4, of wheat
Test method：Compare 5 according to jinggangmeisu and nitrile bacterium azoles weight:1 processing obtains 30% disinfectant use in agriculture of the present invention Water dispersible granules.Its processing method is as follows：The jinggangmeisu of 39.1 parts by weight 64% (25 parts of active ingredient), 5.2 parts by weight 96.2% bulk myclobutanil (5 parts of active ingredient), 30 parts sulfuric acid ammoniums, 17.2 parts by weight precipitated calcium carbonates, 2.5 parts of alkyl phenols APEO, 2.5 parts of neopelexes and 3.5 parts of polyoxyethylene carboxylates, are crushed, sieving, granulation.
Every mu of use 400,200,100,60 grams of composite preparations, are sprayed initial stage in wheat flowering to water, and interval sprays for 5 days Secondary medicine, every mu of 50 kilograms of injection flow rate.Using 100 grams/acre of 20% single dose wettable powder, 80 grams/acre of 50% carbendazim WP and It is control to spray clear water, and each processing is repeated 3 times, per 50 square metres of plot area.According to bactericide field control effectiveness test principle states Correlation method, wheat scab, powdery mildew are investigated in milk stage, a situation arises for rust and leaf blight, calculate disease index and And prevention effect.Result of the test is shown in Table 14.
Table 14：30% disinfectant use in agriculture water dispersible granules preventing and treating wheat diseases result of the test of the present invention
Above-mentioned Field information effect shows, every mu by the 18 of 5 parts of jinggangmeisus and 1 part of nitrile bacterium azoles composition water dispersible granules ~120 grams of active ingredients are sprayed, and are had good prevention effect to wheat scab, powdery mildew, rust and leaf blight, are significantly higher than The carbendazim commonly used at present.
Embodiment 5：32% disinfectant use in agriculture aqueous emulsion preventing and treating wheat diseases experiment of the present invention
Test period and place：In April, 2015, Jiangsu Baima lake farm
Test material：Wheat.Kind：Magnificent wheat No. 4.
Test method：32% disinfectant use in agriculture method for producing aqueous emulsion of the present invention is as follows：Suspension is made in active compound nitrile bacterium azoles Agent, adds ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymer nonionic emulsifier and stirs into homogeneous oil phase；In addition by jinggangmeisu The aqueous solution, ethylene glycol antifreeze and 1% benzoic acid are mixed into aqueous phase.The aqueous phase is gradually added above-mentioned oil under high velocity agitation Xiang Zhong, preparing 32% jinggangmeisu, (weight compares 1 with nitrile bacterium azoles:3) oil-in-water type aqueous emulsion.
Every mu, with the ml of formulation of composition aqueous emulsion 100,50,25,12.5, sprays initial stage in wheat flowering to water, interval 5 It sprays second of medicine, every mu of 50 kilograms of injection flow rate.Use 100 grams/acre of 20% single dose wettable powder, 50% carbendazim WP 80 grams/acre are control with spray clear water, and each handle is repeated 3 times, per 50 square metres of plot area.According to bactericide field control effectiveness test The correlation method of principle states, investigating wheat scab, powdery mildew, rust and leaf blight in milk stage, a situation arises, calculates disease Feelings index and and prevention effect.Result of the test is shown in Table 15.
Table 15：32% disinfectant use in agriculture aqueous emulsion preventing and treating wheat diseases result of the test of the present invention
Above-mentioned Field information result shows that every mu right using 8~32 grams of jinggangmeisu and nitrile bacterium azoles composition active ingredient Wheat scab, powdery mildew, the prevention effect of rust and leaf blight are significantly higher than carbendazim, every mu using said composition effectively into Dividing 4 grams to prevent and treat these wheat diseases also has certain effect.
Embodiment 6：45% disinfectant use in agriculture wettable powder preventing and treating wheat diseases of the present invention and reduction endotoxin contamination experiment
Test period and place：In April, 2015, the Along The Yangtze River In Jiangsu Province institute of agricultural sciences (Rugao)
Test material：Wheat.Kind：Raise wheat No. 4.
Test method：The research VII described according to present specification method prepares jinggangmeisu and nitrile bacterium azoles Weight ratio is 2:1 45% disinfectant use in agriculture wettable powder test specimen of the present invention, entrusts the institute of agricultural sciences of the area along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province Carry out field test.Every mu respectively using 50,40,30 and 20 grams of composite wettable powder preparations.At wheat flowering initial stage pair Water is sprayed, and interval sprays second of medicine, every mu of 50 kilograms of injection flow rate for 5 days.It is wettable using 20% jinggangmeisu and nitrile bacterium azoles single dose Property pulvis, by comparing chemicals treatment using the single dose in mixture and 40 grams of carbendazim active ingredients, and it is sky to spray clear water White control, each processing is repeated 3 times, per 50 square metres of plot area.According to the corresponding of bactericide field control effectiveness test principle states Method, investigating wheat scab and powdery mildew in milk stage, a situation arises, calculates disease index and and prevention effect.
Each 5 points of processing samples totally 200 fringe during harvest, send Agricultural University Of Nanjing to detect content of toxins in sample after threshing.Poison Plain detection method is as described above.Result of the test is shown in Table 16.
Table 16：45% disinfectant use in agriculture wettable powder of the present invention prevents and treats the effect of wheat diseases
Can be seen that from the experimental result of above-mentioned Field information embodiment 1~6 can suppress red based on discovery jinggangmeisu The effect of mildew bacterium virulence factor DON toxin biosynthesis, using disinfectant use in agriculture wettable powder of the present invention handle wheat seeds and Sprayed in field, there is significant synergistic function to the preventing and treating of wheat scab.Meanwhile, to wheat crops powdery mildew, rust Disease, leaf blight and banded sclerotial blight also have preferable prevention effect.In addition, jinggangmeisu and nitrile of the inventor using some of combinations Bacterium azoles composition has carried out 3 years experiment and demonstrations on the Along The Yangtze River In Jiangsu Province institute of agricultural sciences, Jiangsu Xin Yang farms and Baima lake farm and other places, It is demonstrated by having fine preventive effect to Wheat And Barley head blight, and effectively simultaneous controls powdery mildew, leaf blight and rust.The present invention is not only solved The fusarium graminearum that Jue Liao China faces at present is difficult to the great difficult problem of prevention and control because of carbendazim resistance, and can overcome Food-safety problem caused by DON endotoxin contamination wheats.Compared with bactericide conventional in the prior art, sterilization of the invention Composition can substantially reduce pollution of the sickle-like bacteria DON toxin to cereal with disinfectant use in agriculture, also as making with Synergistic With, chemical pesticide consumption and drug cost can be greatly reduced, for reduce environmental pollution, administer resistance to the action of a drug wheat class nosomycosis Do harm to, ensure food safety with good application prospect.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of composition pesticide for being used to prevent and treat gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley, it is characterised in that described composition pesticide is mould by well ridge Element is with nitrile bacterium azoles according to weight than 1~120：1~50 composition.
2. composition pesticide according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described composition pesticide be by jinggangmeisu with Nitrile bacterium azoles are according to weight than 5~60：3~25 compositions.
3. composition pesticide according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described composition pesticide be by jinggangmeisu with Nitrile bacterium azoles are according to weight than 8~20：6~20 compositions.
4. a kind of be used to prevent and treat the disinfectant use in agriculture of gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley, it is characterised in that it contains by weight 0.1~90.0% Composition pesticide in claim 1-3 described in any claim, surplus is the acceptable carrier in agricultural chemicals and/or helps Agent.
5. disinfectant use in agriculture according to claim 4, it is characterised in that it contains 10~75.0% rights by weight will The composition pesticide described in any claim in 1-3 is sought, surplus is acceptable carrier and/or auxiliary agent in agricultural chemicals.
6. disinfectant use in agriculture according to claim 4, it is characterised in that it contains 15~60.0% rights by weight will The composition pesticide described in any claim in 1-3 is sought, surplus is acceptable carrier and/or auxiliary agent in agricultural chemicals.
7. the disinfectant use in agriculture according to any one of claim 4-6 claim, it is characterised in that it is suspending agent, water Emulsion, microemulsion, wettable powder or water dispersion granule.
8. the disinfectant use in agriculture according to claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that described carrier is that one or more are selected from Water, attapulgite, the carrier of kaolin or precipitated calcium carbonate.
9. the disinfectant use in agriculture according to claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that described auxiliary agent is selected from ethanol, methanol, second two Alcohol, propane diols, NNO-1, NNO-7, xanthans, polyethylene glycol, glycerine, pull open powder, lauryl sodium sulfate, detergent alkylate sulphur Sour sodium, ammonium sulfate, APES, alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base ether phosphate, polyoxyethylene carboxylate, benzene first Acid, sodium lignin sulfonate, carboxymethyl cellulose or polyvinyl alcohol.
10. the disinfectant use in agriculture described in composition pesticide according to claim 1 or claim 4, it is characterised in that institute The gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley stated is wheat scab and barley scab, true by the Fusarium cause of disease including carbendazim resistance sickle-like bacteria Wheat crops bud-rot, seedling caused by bacterium (Fusarium spp.) are withered, fringe is rotten or withered fringe, and it is simultaneous control wheat crops banded sclerotial blight, rust Disease, powdery mildew and leaf blight.
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