CN105248427B - It is a kind of to be used to prevent and treat composition containing triadimefon pesticide of gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley and application thereof - Google Patents
It is a kind of to be used to prevent and treat composition containing triadimefon pesticide of gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of composition pesticide for being used to prevent and treat gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley, every mu of use contains 1~100 parts by weight jinggangmeisu and 1~80 parts by weight triazolone.The composition pesticide of the present invention has obvious synergistic effect for preventing and treating gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley, is remarkably improved the effect of preventing and treating head blight, improves the ability of mankind's prevention and control wheat crops head blight；Significantly reduce the level of pollution of cereal DON toxin, reduce dosage, reduce cost, reduce environmental pollution and residues of pesticides, delay the resistance to the action of a drug of the Wheat Pathogenic Fungi to triazolone, prevent and treat gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley；Extend the lasting period of jinggangmeisu, reduce times for spraying, it is simultaneous control powdery mildew of cereals, rust, leaf blight and banded sclerotial blight, the advantages of reducing the recruitment cost of Pesticide use, considerably reduce the dosage of chemical pesticide, it is environmentally friendly.
Description
【Technical field】
The invention belongs to technical field of pesticide.A kind of more particularly it relates to agriculture for being used to prevent and treat gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley
Drug composition, further relate to a kind of disinfectant use in agriculture for being used to prevent and treat gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley.
【Background technology】
Wheat and barley are most important cereal raise crops, and one of staple food crop of China in the world.Paddy
Class crop usually faces the threat of the fungal diseases such as head blight, powdery mildew, banded sclerotial blight, rust and leaf blight.In world's cereal kind
These diseases can occur for growing area, have a strong impact on the yield and quality of cereal agricultural product, the wheat class especially as caused by sickle-like bacteria
Head blight can not only cause destructive production loss, and deoxynivalenol bacterium alkene can be also produced in the grain of infection
The toxin such as alcohol (Trichothecenes, DON) and zearalenone (Zearalenon), therefore have a strong impact on fermentation, wine brewing
Deng food quality, the health of humans and animals is endangered.
Deoxynivalenol toxin, including DON, 3ADON and 15ADON toxin, have to humans and animals anxious, slow
Property toxicity.Wherein DON toxin because its chemical property it is stable, it is heated not decompose, and infection gibberellic hypha Wheat And Barley and its add
Processing food and to be widely present in infecting the sick paddy of gibberellic hypha as the animal product of feed.Known DON toxin causes in people and animals
The cardinal symptom of poison has Nausea and vomiting, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, brothers are numb, malaise, immunity degradation, and severe patient can
See breathing, the fluctuation of pulse, body temperature, blood pressure, and bleeding, miscarry, even result in death, and mankind's Kaschin-Beck disease can be caused
(Kaschin-Beck disease, KBD) and there is obvious embryotoxicity and teratogenesis, carcinogenesis.Because DON toxin is to people
The serious harm of class health, in October, 1973 the World Food Programme of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) are in a few days
In watt joint conference on food additives and pollutant held, determine for fusarium toxin to be included in 16 of priority research
The 5th in problem, the preventing and treating of many national also straight grip head blight is as important research topic.
Meanwhile the health organization of many international organizations and country has been formulated corresponding laws and regulations and strictly limited in food
DON content of toxins.FAO provides that the content of DON in grain is necessarily less than 1mg/kg, and WHO provides the DON toxin in grain and feed
Content respectively no more than 1mg/kg and 5mg/kg standard.European Union's food security standard requires DON content of toxins in edible wheat
It is no more than 0.75mg/kg in grain, is no more than 0.5mg/kg in bread and other food.The national standard that the Ministry of Public Health of China formulates
Provide that the content of toxins of the DON in edible wheat flour and corn must not exceed 1mg/kg.
Gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley is that one kind can bud-rot, seedling as caused by a variety of sickle-like bacteria or Fusariumsp (Fusarium spp.)
The withered and withered sac fungus disease of fringe corruption/fringe.Its cause of disease includes Fusarium graminearum (F.graminearum), Asia sickle-like bacteria
(F.asiaticum), fusarium culmorum (F.culmorum), fusarium avenaceum (F.avenaceum), fusarium moniliforme
(F.moniliforme), nearly 20 kinds such as Fusarium nivale (F.nivale).The wheat scab of China's most area be by
Caused by Fusarium graminearum (F.graminearum) and Asia sickle-like bacteria (F.asiaticum) mixed population, wherein the southern area of wheat
Based on the sickle-like bacteria of Asia, the northern area of wheat is based on Fusarium graminearum.
Due to without it can be found that to sickle-like bacteria with immune or high anti-cereal crops kind or genetic resources, making so far
Turn into the only effective gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley Control Technology with bactericide.Since a nearly century, people, which have carried out, is largely used to wheat
The bactericide R＆D work of class fungal disease, successively develops the protectiveness such as inorganic fungicide, organosulfureous fungicide and aromatic hydrocarbons
The benzimidazole germicide developed after bactericide, particularly the 1960s, ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor,
The selective bactericide such as cytochrome b inhibitor and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors, make the stream of the important disease of many wheat crops
Row harm is effectively controlled, such as cereal crops smut, powdery mildew, rust, leaf blight, eye spot.However, due to reaping hook
Deoxynivalenol (DON) toxin has the function of virulence factor caused by bacterium (Fusarium spp.), increases to more
The drug resistance effect of kind bactericide, so that most bactericide are not very good to the prevention effect of gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley.Cause
This, is the great social demand of current Ensuring Food Safety and food security how to effectively control cereal crops head blight.
The DON endotoxin contaminations of cereal of falling ill horizontal depend on the infected pathogen bacterium amount of cereal and thalline toxin biology closes
Into ability.Major antibacterial agent preventive effect of the invention for preventing and treating gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley outside Now Domestic is not very good, DON toxin
Pollution often exceeds the situation of edible safety standard, studies and finds that sickle-like bacteria has the two of benzimidazole germicide first
Kind 'beta '-tubulin (β1- and β2-) acceptor, and the confrontation property of medicine and the hereditary negative regulation mechanism of drug sensitivity, find wherein to form
β2240 amino acids phenylalanines of-tubulin acceptor are 167 amino acids point mutation the main reason for reducing drug sensitivity
Carbendazim can be caused to lose prevention effect, and thalline DON toxin synthesis capability, mycelia rate of propagation and pathogenic energy is greatly enhanced
Power, reduce the prevention effect of bactericide；In addition, research it has also been found that sickle-like bacteria ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor (EBI) by
Body-cytochrome P450Monooxygenase (Cyt.P450), the medicine reduced with point mutation to EBI can also be overexpressed by encoding gene
Quick property develops immunity to drugs.Therefore, although although some bactericide show very high activity in laboratory, then needed in Field information
Higher dosage is wanted, such as every mu needs to use 40~50 grams of (600-750g a.i./hm2) above active ingredient benzimidazole
Bactericide or 15~20 grams of (225-300g a.i./hm2) above active ingredient EBI, could obtain 70% or so wheat class it is red
Mildew control effect.
With for a long time largely using the single selective bactericide of these mechanisms of action, in the disease fungus colony of nature
There is the resistance to the action of a drug, using effect declines year by year.Inventor had found East China pair by the monitoring for resistance of nearly 30 years
The sickle-like bacteria that the benzimidazole germicides such as carbendazim develop immunity to drugs has formed dominant group, conventional carbendazim, sulphur bacterium
The benzimidazole germicides such as spirit lose the preventing and treating value to gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley substantially.Simultaneously also as resistance to the action of a drug germ produces
The ability of DON toxin is more than 5 times of sensitive strain, has increasingly aggravated the harm of Chinese gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley and the wind of food security
Danger.Peasant often doubles, using bactericide such as carbendazim, it is residual to be further exacerbated by the resistance to the action of a drug, agricultural chemicals to reduce production loss
Stay, environmental pollution and food-safety problem.
Therefore, the present inventor on the basis for summarizing prior art, by lot of experiments and analysis, completes finally
The present invention.
【The content of the invention】
[technical problems to be solved]
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of composition pesticide for being used to prevent and treat gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley.
It is a further object to provide a kind of for preventing and treating gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley, reducing cereal DON endotoxin contaminations
Disinfectant use in agriculture.
[technical scheme]
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
The present invention relates to a kind of composition pesticide for being used to prevent and treat gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley.
Described composition pesticide is than 1~100 by jinggangmeisu and triazolone according to weight：1~80 composition.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, described composition pesticide be by jinggangmeisu and triazolone according to
Weight is than 15~75：12~65 compositions.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, described composition pesticide be by jinggangmeisu and triazolone by
According to weight than 25~55：25~50 compositions.
The invention further relates to a kind of disinfectant use in agriculture for being used to prevent and treat gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley.Described disinfectant use in agriculture contain with
Composition pesticide described in weight meter 0.1~90.0%, surplus are acceptable carrier and/or auxiliary agent in agricultural chemicals.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, described disinfectant use in agriculture contain by weight described in 10~75%
Composition pesticide, surplus be in agricultural chemicals acceptable carrier and/or auxiliary agent.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, described disinfectant use in agriculture contains 26~58% institute by weight
The composition pesticide stated, surplus are acceptable carrier and/or auxiliary agent in agricultural chemicals.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, described disinfectant use in agriculture is suspending agent, aqueous emulsion, micro emulsion
Agent, wettable powder or water dispersion granule.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, described carrier be it is one or more selected from water, attapulgite,
Kaolin or precipitated calcium carbonate.
According to the present invention another preferred embodiment, described auxiliary agent be selected from ethanol, methanol, ethylene glycol, propane diols,
NNO-1, NNO-7, xanthans, polyethylene glycol, glycerine, pull open powder, lauryl sodium sulfate, neopelex, sulfuric acid
Ammonium, APES, alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base ether phosphate, polyoxyethylene carboxylate, benzoic acid, lignin
Sodium sulfonate, carboxymethyl cellulose or polyvinyl alcohol.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, described gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley is that wheat scab and barley are red mould
Disease, the wheat crops bud-rot as caused by the Fusarium disease fungus (Fusarium spp.) including carbendazim resistance sickle-like bacteria,
Seedling is withered, fringe is rotten or withered fringe.
The present invention is described in more detail below.
The present invention relates to a kind of composition pesticide for being used to prevent and treat gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley.
Described composition pesticide is than 1~100 by jinggangmeisu and triazolone according to weight：1~80 composition.
The triazolone used in the present invention, also known as hundred reasons are logical, triadimefon, hundred bacterium ketone, triadimefon, its chemistry knot
Structure formula is as follows：
Triazolone is a kind of containing suitable, transisomer efficient, less toxic, low-residual, the lasting period is long, absorbability is strong three
Azoles fungicide.Mainly by suppressing the biosynthesis of thalline ergosterol, so as to suppress or disturb thalline appresorium and suction
Device development, mycelial growth and sporogenesis.The medicament can conduct in plant, lasting period length.The bactericide is to a variety of at present
Crop rust and powdery mildew, which have, the effect such as preferably prevents, roots out, treat, also to other fungal diseases such as jade of various crop
Rice Northern leaf spot (Bipolaris carbonum), wheat class moire disease (Rhynchosporium secalis), wheat leaf blight
(Septoria tritici), pineapple black rot (Thielaviopsis paradoxa), maize head smut
(Sphacelotheca reiliana) etc. has preferable effect.But only have to gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley (Fusarium spp.) it is medium with
Under prevention effect, the harm of uncontrollable head blight is typically used alone.
The jinggangmeisu (valida) that the present invention uses, Validamycin or jinggangmycin, its chemical constitution
Formula is as follows：
Jinggangmeisu is a kind of secondary metabolites of actinomyces, contains six kinds of similar aminoglucan glycosides of A, B, C, D, E, F
Analog derivative.Domestic and international numerous studies show that component A is the main active component of jinggangmeisu.Therefore, it is related in the present invention
Jinggangmeisu be jinggangmycin A.
Rhizoctonia fungi (Rhizoctonia of the jinggangmeisu in vitro performance selectivity interference basidiomycetes
Spp.) top hyphal development.Therefore, jinggangmeisu is special as farm antibiotics always since the 1970s is found
Plant disease caused by rhizoctonia is prevented and treated to one property, or the pesticide processing with preventing and treating other plant harmful organism is controlled into built agent is simultaneous
Rhizoctonia (Rhizoctonia spp.) disease.These rhizoctonia diseases mainly include rice sheath blight disease, wheat sharp eyespot and its
His crop banded sclerotial blight or damping-off.In recent years, jinggangmeisu is found to can be also used for preventing and treating a kind of Fungi Imperfecti for being difficult to cultivate again
False smut caused by (Ustilaginoidea virens).
Because valida or jinggangmeisu have specialization antibacterial activity to rhizoctonia in vitro lower performance, to causing
The sickle-like bacteria of head blight does not have antibacterial activity, and therefore, people study jinggangmeisu always using rhizoctonia as object in decades
Selective mechanism, valida/jinggangmeisu interference rhizoctonia inositol and Trehalose Metabolism are found, so as to destroy the structure of cell membrane
Make, prevent rhizoctonia from infecting plant, there is good protective effect.Recent decades, the antibiotic was limited to for preventing and treating always
Crops rhizoctonia disease, especially rice sheath blight disease.
It is well known that acting on single specialization bactericide easily filters out drug-resistant pathogen opportunistic pathogen, after extensive use not
Application value will be lost long.The present inventor studies resistance to the action of a drug wind of the rhizoctonia to selective jinggangmeisu from the 1980s
Danger, it is found that jinggangmeisu is different from the high other any selective antibiotics of resistance risk and chemical bactericide, in laboratory
With jinggangmeisu resistance rhizoctonia can not be screened under field condition.Thus infer, jinggangmeisu is except inositol known to interference
Beyond trehalose biosynthesis, other special resistant effect mechanism are likely present.
The present inventor has carried out suppression on the basis of research sickle-like bacteria DON toxin biosynthesis pathway and regulatory mechanism
A large amount of screening compounds of DON toxin biosynthesis.In screening process, in fact it has surprisingly been found that jinggangmeisu is necessarily being handled
Under dosage, biochemical reaction that can be in strong inhibition fusarium graminearum DON toxin biosynthesis early stage approach.Therefore,
A kind of jinggangmeisu and triazolone composition for preventing and controlling gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley technology of reduction DON pollutions are provided, turn into the weight of the present invention
Syllabus.
The present inventor has carried out jinggangmeisu/valida and has suppressed sickle-like bacteria virulence factor DON synthesis first in the world,
And its screened with the mixture of other various bactericide in the synergistic formula of field control gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley, creatively find well
Ridge mycin has notable synergy with triazolone composition for preventing and controlling wheat crops head blight, reduces DON endotoxin contaminations and significantly subtract
The beneficial effect of few triazolone dosage.
In the composition pesticide of the present invention, if the amount of jinggangmeisu in the range of 1~100 parts by weight, and triazolone
Amount when being less than 1 parts by weight, then can reduce the prevention effect to head blight；When the amount of triazolone is more than 80 parts by weight, then it can drop
Low synergistic effect, and the poisoning risk for suppressing wheat growth be present.Therefore, the amount of triazolone is that 1~80 parts by weight are rational.
Similarly, if the amount of triazolone is in the range of 1~80 parts by weight, and when the amount of jinggangmeisu is less than 1 parts by weight,
It can then lose and preventing and treating head blight is cooperateed with triazolone, reduces the horizontal synergistic effect of endotoxin contamination；The amount of jinggangmeisu is more than 100
It during parts by weight, then can increase cost, reduce the synergistic effect that preventing and treating head blight is cooperateed with triazolone and reduces endotoxin contamination；Cause
This, the amount of jinggangmeisu is that 1~100 parts by weight are appropriate.
Preferably, described composition pesticide is than 15~75 by jinggangmeisu and triazolone according to weight：12~65 groups
Into.
It is highly preferred that described composition pesticide is than 25~55 by jinggangmeisu and triazolone according to weight：25~50
Composition.
The jinggangmeisu and triazolone that the present invention uses all are current market sales of products, such as given birth to by Zhejiang Qianjiang
The production of thing chemistry limited company 3%, 5%A, 20%, 40%A, 60%A validamycin powder agent and aqua；By Jiangsu gram
15% trazodone wettable powder of victory Group Plc production and the 8% 3 of Shandong Dacheng Agrochemical Co., Ltd.'s production
Oxazolone suspension emulsion.
The invention further relates to a kind of agricultural bactericidal agent formulation for being used to prevent and treat gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley.Described disinfectant use in agriculture contains
There is the composition pesticide by weight described in 0.1~90.0%, surplus is acceptable carrier and/or auxiliary agent in agricultural chemicals.
In the present invention, farm chemical carrier or auxiliary agent in Pesticide formulation or use it should be understood that be used to improve medicament
Physicochemical property, drug effect is improved, be readily transported the auxiliary substance of the performances such as storage, such as wetting agent, emulsifying agent, dispersant, adhesion
Agent, stabilizer or synergist.It is every there is no any bear with these performances and to the disinfectant use in agriculture of the present invention according to the present invention
The chemical substance that face rings may be used to the present invention, and they are all within protection scope of the present invention.
The carrier that the present invention uses is, for example, that one or more are selected from water, attapulgite, kaolin or precipitated calcium carbonate.Remove
Outside this, the present invention can also use the other carriers usually used in the art for meeting application claims.
The auxiliary agent that the present invention uses is selected from ethanol, methanol, ethylene glycol, propane diols, NNO-1 (chemical names：Naphthalene sulfonic acids
Formaldehyde condensation products sodium salt), NNO-7 (chemical names：Naphthalene sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product calcium salt), xanthans, polyethylene glycol, glycerine, drawing
Open powder, lauryl sodium sulfate, neopelex, ammonium sulfate, APES, alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base
Ether phosphate, polyoxyethylene carboxylate, benzoic acid, sodium lignin sulfonate, carboxymethyl cellulose or polyvinyl alcohol.The present invention makes
Auxiliary agent is the product sold extensively in the market, for example, by Fei Huang Chemical Co., Ltd.s of Xinyi City with trade name NNO-1,
The diffusant of NNO-7 sale, the sodium butylnaphthalenesulfonate breast sold by the emerging milky way Chemical Co., Ltd. in Hubei with trade name pull open powder
Change, diffusion and bleeding agent, by Shanghai loyalty Fine Chemical Co., Ltd sale APES, by the western land in Guangzhou
Chemical Co., Ltd. sale alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base ether phosphate, by Shandong Province Liangshan Hong Tai epoxidized soybean oils Co., Ltd
The polyoxyethylene carboxylate of sale, the carboxymethyl cellulose sold by Jiangxi Province Pingxiang Ma Shan auxiliary reagent factories.In addition, this hair
It is bright to use the other auxiliary agents usually used in the art for meeting application claims.
In the present invention, in described disinfectant use in agriculture, when the amount of described composition pesticide is less than 0.1%, then can
Reduce protection effect or lose synergistic effect；When the amount of described composition pesticide is more than 90.0%, then synergistic effect can be lost
Or reduce protection effect；Therefore, the amount of the composition pesticide is rational for 0.1~90.0%.
Preferably, described disinfectant use in agriculture contains the composition pesticide described in 10~75.0%, surplus by weight and is
Acceptable carrier and/or auxiliary agent in agricultural chemicals.
It is highly preferred that described disinfectant use in agriculture contains the composition pesticide described in 26~58%, surplus by weight is
Acceptable carrier and/or auxiliary agent in agricultural chemicals.
In actual applications, can according to method well known to those skilled in the art by the present invention bactericidal composition and load
Body and/or auxiliary agent are configured to the formulation in agriculturally generally use, for example, suspending agent, aqueous emulsion, microemulsion, wettable powder or
Water dispersible granules.
When preparing suspending agent, the carrier or auxiliary agent that can use be, for example, selected from alkylnaphthalene sulfonate, polycarboxylate or
The dispersant of lignosulfonates；Selected from alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base ether phosphate, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene groups ether phosphate,
The wetting agent of alkyl sulfate, alkylsulfonate or naphthalene sulfonate；Selected from xanthans, aluminium-magnesium silicate, bentonitic thickener；Choosing
From benzoic acid or the preservative of sodium benzoate；Organic silicon defoamer；Selected from the antifreeze of glycerine, urea, ethylene glycol or propane diols
Agent.
When preparing aqueous emulsion, the carrier or auxiliary agent that can use are, for example, selected from Nongru-700, agriculture breast 2201, Span-60
Or emulsifying agent T-60 emulsifying agent；Solvent selected from dimethylbenzene, toluene or cyclohexanone；Selected from triphenyl phosphite or epoxy chloropropionate
The stabilizer of alkane；Antifreezing agent selected from ethylene glycol, propane diols, glycerine or urea；Selected from aluminium-magnesium silicate, bentonite or xanthans
Thickener；Preservative selected from benzoic acid or sodium benzoate.
When preparing microemulsion, the carrier or auxiliary agent that can use are, for example, to be selected from calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (agriculture breast
500), Nongru-700, agriculture breast 2201, this disk -60, Tween-80 or TX-10 emulsifying agent；Selected from methanol, isopropanol, n-butanol or
The cosolvent of ethanol；Solvent selected from dimethylbenzene, toluene, cyclohexanone or 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE；Selected from triphenyl phosphite or
The stabilizer of epoxychloropropane.
When preparing wettable powder, the carrier or auxiliary agent that can use are, for example, selected from polycarboxylate, lignin sulfonic acid
The dispersant of salt or alkylnaphthalene sulfonate；Wetting agent selected from alkylsulfonate, alkyl sulfate or naphthalene sulfonate；Selected from lightweight
Calcium carbonate, talcum powder, diatomite, the filler of kaolin or attapulgite.
When preparing water dispersible granules, the carrier or auxiliary agent that can use are, for example, selected from polycarboxylate, lignin sulfonic acid
The dispersant of salt or alkylnaphthalene sulfonate；Wetting selected from alkyl sulfate, polyoxyethylene alcohol, alkylsulfonate or naphthalene sulfonate
Agent；Disintegrant selected from citric acid, ammonium sulfate, glucose, urea or sodium acid carbonate；Selected from cornstarch, microcrystalline cellulose class
Or Diatomite binder；Filler selected from precipitated calcium carbonate, sepiolite, diatomite, kaolin, attapulgite or talcum powder.
Its result of study will be described in detail respectively below.
I, the reactive compound screening of reaping hook bacteria growing is suppressed
The present invention uses the conventional method of fungicide bioassay, and jinggangmeisu and triazolone active compound are used into aqua sterilisa respectively
And methanol is configured to 2mg/mL mother liquors, comparison medicament carbendazim active compound is dissolved in 0.1M/L hydrochloric acid solutions, 2-cyano-3-amino-3-phenylancryic acetate is dissolved in methanol,
2mg/mL mother liquors are made.When potato dextrose agar (PDA) is cooled to about 45 DEG C of temperature, it is mould to be separately added into well ridge
Element and triazolone are subsequently poured into the flat board that different agents processing is made in culture dish, often handle 3 ware weights to design concentration (being shown in Table 1)
Multiple, inoculation causes the common Fusarium graminearum Fusarium graminearum and Asia sickle-like bacteria Fusarium of gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley
The wild sensitive strains of asiaticum (abbreviation sensitive strain) and carbendazim and 2-cyano-3-amino-3-phenylancryic acetate resistant strain (abbreviation drug-fast strain)
Mycelia block, cultivated 4 days at 25 DEG C of temperature, crossing method measures colony diameter, calculates different disposal and suppresses pathogen growth
50% effective middle dosage (EC50Value), and compare antibacterial activity.
Result of the test shows that jinggangmeisu either single dose under in vitro is still mixed with triazolone to causing head blight
The growth of both sickle-like bacteria sensitive strains and drug-fast strain does not have inhibitory activity substantially, and only jinggangmeisu is up to 50 μ g/
During mL concentration, just there is 6.5%~7.8% inhibitory action to two kinds of reaping hook bacteria growings.But triazolone is quick to two kinds of sickle-like bacteria
The mycelial growth of sense bacterial strain and drug-fast strain has similar certain inhibitory action, and the processing of 12.5 μ g/mL triazolones is to mycelia
The inhibiting rate of growth can be more than 50%.Jinggangmeisu suppresses mycelial growth in vitro to triazolone does not have synergistic effect
(table 1).
According to Asia sickle-like bacteria and the wild sensitive strain of Fusarium graminearum and carbendazim and 2-cyano-3-amino-3-phenylancryic acetate resistant strain three
Growth inhibition ratio under the processing of oxazolone various dose, calculate effective middle dosage that triazolone suppresses to different drug sensitivity strain growths
(EC50), as a result find that sensitive strain, carbendazim resistance bacterial strain, 2-cyano-3-amino-3-phenylancryic acetate resistant strain are similar to the sensitiveness of triazolone,
EC50For 11.3~12.0 μ g/mL, result of the test is listed in Table 2 below.
Table 1：The influence that jinggangmeisu and triazolone in vitro grow to two kinds of sickle-like bacteria sensitive strains
* F.g and F.a is Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium asiaticum abbreviation respectively, similarly hereinafter.
Table 2：Triazolone is to two kinds of sickle-like bacteria sensitivities and the growth inhibitory activity of carbendazim and 2-cyano-3-amino-3-phenylancryic acetate resistant strain
II. inhibitory activity of the jinggangmeisu to fusarium toxin biosynthesis ability
Because Fusarium graminearum is identical to the drug sensitivity of jinggangmeisu and triazolone with Asia sickle-like bacteria, inventor is from poison
The stronger Asia sickle-like bacteria Fusarium of plain synthesis capability (unit bacterium amount synthesizes DON weight, μ gDON/g dry weights mycelia)
Materials of the asiaticum as further research toxin synthesis.The carbendazim resistance Asia sickle-like bacteria of gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley will be caused
It is inoculated in 3% sweet mung bean soup of sterilizing, shakes training 10 days under 25 DEG C and 12/24 hour scattering light of temperature, mitogenetic spore is collected by centrifugation
Son.By conidium by final for 106/ mL is inoculated in potato sucrose (PS) nutrient solution of the various dose containing jinggangmeisu
Training is shaken under 25 DEG C and 12/24 hour scattering light of temperature, after 7 and 14 days, culture is filtered, detects the toxin in nutrient solution respectively
Content and measurement dry mycelial weight, analysis toxin synthesis capability (toxin amount caused by unit weight mycelia).
Toxin determination method：Culturing filtrate with ethyl acetate equal-volume extraction 2 times, is evaporated under reduced pressure after combining extraction liquid respectively
Dry, with 1mL acetonitriles solution transfer to new centrifuge tube, redistillation is dried, and -20 DEG C of preservations are to be measured.100 μ LTMS are added during detection
Derivatization reagent (TMSI：TMCS=100：1) 1mL ultra-pure waters are added after, mixing 10min, Aspirate supernatant adds after concussion layering
To GC sample injection bottles, content of toxins detection is carried out with the gas-chromatography (GC-ECD) that monitor is captured equipped with electronics.With Sigma's
DON reagents are standard specimen, establish standard curve, calculate the DON contents in nutrient solution, including DON, 3ADON and 15ADON.Simultaneously will
Filter out mycelia to dry to constant weight at 80 DEG C, weigh dry mycelial weight.In addition, take mycelia detection toxin synthesis crucial when shaking and training 7 days
Gene Tri5 expression.
Find that the mycelium morphology factor of gibberellic hypha increases as incubation time extends from experimental result (table 3), but
Training is shaken in culture medium containing the processing of various dose jinggangmeisu, mycelium morphology factor does not have significant changes with blank control.Explanation
The no inhibitory action of growth of the jinggangmeisu to the gibberellic hypha of Liquid Culture, surveyed with the linear growth rate on PDA plate
It is consistent to determine result.But find the amount (μ g DON/g dry weights mycelia) of unit mycelia weight synthesis DON toxin then with Jing Gang first
Mycin treatment dosage increases and substantially reduced.And jinggangmeisu to the inhibitory action that DON is synthesized with incubation time extend and under
Drop, especially low concentration processing fall are bigger.Illustrate that jinggangmeisu may degrade with the extension of test period, from
And reduce the inhibitory action of contratoxin biosynthesis.
According to toxin synthetic gene expression horizontal analysis when handling 7 days, creatively find jinggangmeisu in vitro bar
Although the growth and hypha form under part to sickle-like bacteria do not have harmful effect, being capable of strong inhibition under very reduction process dosage
The synthesis key gene tri5 expression of DON toxin, reduces thalline toxin biosynthesis ability, reduces DON biosynthesis, it tests knot
Fruit is listed in Table 4 below.
Table 3：Jinggangmeisu suppresses the effect of sickle-like bacteria DON toxin synthesis capabilities
Table 4：Influence of the jinggangmeisu to sickle-like bacteria DON synthetic gene Tri5 gene expressions
III. triazolone suppresses the synergistic effect of sickle-like bacteria DON toxin biosynthesis abilities to jinggangmeisu
Triazolone processing can destroy the cell leakage of gibberellic hypha, suppress mycelial growth.Triazolone and jinggangmeisu
During compositions-treated, by increasing capacitance it is possible to increase germ absorbs to jinggangmeisu.Suppress sickle in research contents II measure jinggangmeisus
While knife bacterium DON toxin biosynthesis, determine jinggangmeisu exist 12 μ g/mL triazolones in the case of, culture 7 days and
It is mould to well ridge to the inhibitory action of Fusarium asiaticum DON toxin biosynthesis abilities, analysis triazolone at 14 days
Element suppresses the synergistic effect of DON toxin biosynthesis.DON detection methods are identical with research contents II.
Known 12 μ g/ml triazolones are individually handled from research contents I and II, are had to the mycelial growth of gibberellic hypha and are connect
Nearly 50% inhibiting rate.As can be seen from Table 5, life when 12 μ g/ml triazolones are handled 7 days and 14 days to fusarium toxin
Thing synthesis capability and the toxin synthesis capability of blank control do not have significant inhibitory action, illustrate that triazolone only has mycelial growth suppression
System activity, without the inhibitory action of toxin synthesis capability.But each concentration for the treatment of of jinggangmeisu exist 12 μ g/ml triazolones when,
The inhibitory action of DON toxin biosynthesis abilities is increased substantially.And as incubation time extends, jinggangmeisu contratoxin
The inhibitory action decrease speed of synthesis capability is substantially less than the control treatment of no triazolone, especially to low concentration jinggangmeisu at
The synergy of reason and extension action time are more obvious.Based on the result of table 3 of experiment simultaneously, there is the μ g/mL agent of triazolone 12 in calculating
In the case of amount, suppress the synergistic effect of fusarium toxin biosynthesis when handling 7 days and 14 days jinggangmeisu, be as a result listed in table
In 5.These result explanations：(1) jinggangmeisu has the function that to reduce sickle-like bacteria DON toxin biosynthesis abilities, triazole strongly
Ketone is then without this effect；(2) triazolone suppresses fusarium toxin biosynthesis to jinggangmeisu has obvious synergistic effect,
And reduced with jinggangmeisu treatment dosage, synergistic effect enhancing；(3) triazolone can extend jinggangmeisu and fusarium toxin is closed
Into the inhibitory action time, synergistic effect with processing time lengthening and strengthen.
Table 5：12 μ g/mL triazolones suppress the synergistic effect of fusarium graminearum DON toxin synthesis to jinggangmeisu
* coefficient of synergism computational methods：During in the presence of 12 μ g/ml triazolones, jinggangmeisu contratoxin synthesis inhibiting rate divided by
Jinggangmeisu individually handles the toxin synthesis inhibiting rate (table 3) of corresponding dosage, is multiplied by 100.
IV. jinggangmeisu and triazolone composition suspending agent seed treatment preventing and treating Wheat Seedling head blight and other diseases
Effect and synergistic effect
According to the weight of jinggangmeisu and triazolone than 100:1、100:3、20:1、10:1、10:3、2:1、1:1、1:3、1:
5 and 1:10, content is prepared respectively as 3% (1:10、1:5), 10% (1:3、1:1、2:1、10:3、10:1), 30% (20:1、
100:3、100:1) composition suspending agent sample.Sample preparation methods are triazolone and jinggangmeisu active compound according to above-mentioned weight
Than mixing, add containing 40% water, 8% ethylene glycol and mixed with propylene glycol solvent (volume ratio 1 by weight：1), 1.0%NNO-1 and
1.5%NNO-7 dispersants (production of Fei Huang Chemical Co., Ltd.s of Xinyi City), 0.5% xanthans sticker and 1% polyethylene glycol
In solution, 100% finally is supplemented to water, 90% pharmacy particle Zhi Jing≤5 μm are crushed to through sand mill.
By the single dose dosage in every 100kg seed treatments mixture, the jinggangmeisu and triazolone list of corresponding dosage are designed
Agent dosage (is shown in Table 6), is infected respectively by 100 kilograms of seeds with decoction Dressing after water dilution sample for 5 liters prior to seeding
The wheat seed of fusarium graminearum.25 seeds are sowed per diameter 20cm basins alms bowl, each processing repeats 10 basins, is placed in greenhouse training
Support.Check emergence rates and death rate within 10 days after emergence, calculate and cause bud-rot and the withered prevention effect of seedling to gibberellic hypha.Protect simultaneously
Stay 10 consistent young plants of growing way, and wheat bran of the inoculation containing rhizoctonia cerealis (Rhizoctonia cerealis) in matrix
Culture medium, and to blade inoculation Powdery Mildew and leaf rust spore, the 100 plants of wheat seedings of each processing investigation in 14 days, calculate line after inoculation
The strain incidence of disease and prevention effect of rot, powdery mildew and rust.It is simultaneously withered to bud-rot caused by gibberellic hypha and seedling according to single dose
Preventive effect, by the theoretical preventive effect of Abbott (1925) method calculation composition, (E=X+ (100-X) Y/100, wherein E are theoretical anti-
Effect, X be jinggangmeisu single dose preventive effect, and Y is triazolone single dose preventive effect) and coefficient of synergism (composition apply actual preventive effect divided by
Theoretical preventive effect × 100), it the results are shown in Table 6.
Table 6：Effect and synergistic effect of the jinggangmeisu with triazolone composition suspending agent seed treatment preventing and treating wheat diseases
* Abbott thinks that the ratio between the actual preventive effect of composition and theoretical preventive effect are more than 1 (or coefficient of synergism is more than 100) as increasing
Effect is (similarly hereinafter) (Abbott, 1925).
Above-mentioned result of the test shows that jinggangmeisu suffers from the wheat seed of head blight with triazole one compositions Dressing, no
It only can effectively prevent and treat bud-rot caused by gibberellic hypha and seedling is withered, and (10~1000g in the range of test dose processing
Ai jinggangmeisus and 10~100g ai triazolones/100kg seeds) there is fabulous increasing to seedling is withered caused by preventing and treating gibberellic hypha
Effect acts on, and coefficient of synergism is far longer than 100, and synergistic effect is extremely notable.Although jinggangmeisu single dose has certain to banded sclerotial blight
Preventive effect, but it is substantially invalid to powdery mildew and rust；Triazolone single dose then has favorable effect to seedling stage powdery mildew and rust, but right
Head blight and banded sclerotial blight only have medium preventive effect.However, triazolone is mixed with jinggangmeisu, the preventive effect of above-mentioned disease is all showed
Obvious synergistic effect.
V. synergistic effect and reduction detoxifying function of the jinggangmeisu with triazolone composition suspending agent preventing and treating wheat scab
According to the weight of jinggangmeisu and triazolone than 1:20、1:3、1:1.5、1:1、2:1、5:1 and 10:1, prepare respectively
Content 20% (1 by weight:20、1:3、1:1.5、1:And 40% (2 1):1、5:1、10:1) composition suspending agent experiment is used
Sample.Sample preparation methods are after triazolone and jinggangmeisu active compound mix according to above-mentioned weight ratio, to add containing by weight 5%
Ethylene glycol and mixed with propylene glycol solvent (volume ratio 1：1), 2% glycerine, 1.0%NNO-1,1.5%NNO-7 dispersant, 3% 12
In the solution of sodium alkyl sulfate and a small amount of water, be finally supplemented to 100% with water, be crushed to through sand mill 90% pharmacy particle it is straight
Jing≤5 μm.
Every mu of various dose using jinggangmeisu and triazole one compositions is designed, while according to the single dose used in mixture
Dosage devises corresponding single dose processing.In April, 2013 carries out the experiment of field control head blight on Jiangsu Province Baima lake farm
Screening, wheat breed is Huaihe River wheat 22, processing is sprayed to water in wheat flowering each medicament sample at initial stage, interval sprays second for 5 days
Medicine, every mu of 50 kilograms of injection flow rate.Each processing repeats 3 cells, per 50 square metres of plot area.It is wettable to set 50% carbendazim simultaneously
Every mu of property pulvis is used as comparison medicament by the use of 80 grams of processing.The bactericide field control effectiveness test criterion industry mark issued according to the Ministry of Agriculture
Correlation method as defined in standard, in milk stage investigation wheat scab, a situation arises, and the actual effect of head blight is prevented and treated according to each processing
Fruit, the synergistic effect of calculation composition.By the theoretical preventive effect (E=X+ of Abbott (ibid, 1925) method calculation composition
(100-X) Y/100, wherein E are theoretical preventive effect, and X is jinggangmeisu single dose preventive effect, and Y is triazolone single dose preventive effect) and coefficient of synergism
(the actual preventive effect of composition application divided by theoretical preventive effect × 100).
Toxin determination method：5 points of 200 wheat heads of sampling, indoor threshing, 30 grams of grab sample after drying are respectively handled in dough stage
Wheat crushes.By Goswami and Kistler methods, take 5 grams of flour to be placed in centrifuge tube, add 20mL acetonitrile：Water (84:
16) extract solution, shaken 24 hours on shaking table after scroll machine mixes, 5000rpm centrifugation 10min, take supernatant 2mL in Eppendorf
- 20 DEG C of preservations are done in N air-blowings in centrifuge tube.100 μ LTMS derivatization reagents (TMSI are added during detection：TMCS=100：1), mix
1mL ultra-pure waters are added after 10min, Aspirate supernatant is added to GC sample injection bottles after concussion layering, and monitor is captured with equipped with electronics
Gas-chromatography (GC-ECD) carries out content of toxins detection.
Wheat infection dosage assay method：Take and be placed in the flour 2g of Mycotoxin identification in 50mL centrifuge tubes, add 20%
CTAB germ DNA extraction buffers, 50 μ L Proteinase Ks and 30 μ LRNA enzymes are added, fully mixed, after 65 DEG C hatch 3 hours,
10000rpm centrifuges 10min, and 20mL supernatants are all gone in 50mL centrifuge tubes, add isometric phenol：Chloroform：Isoamyl alcohol
(25:24:1) acutely concussion, 10000rpmL centrifugation 5min, takes supernatant 10mL to add the 3molL of 1/10 cold volume-1Acetic acid
The absolute ethyl alcohol of sodium and 2 times of volumes, -20 DEG C precipitate 24 hours, 10000rpm centrifugation 10min, sediment 20mL70% second
Alcohol elutes 2 times, the dissolving of 500 μ LTE solution is added after drying, -20 DEG C preserve the DNA profiling.Key gene is synthesized according to DON
Tri5 designs primer, expands the DNA in sample using real-time quantitative PCR, and calculate Tri5DNA contents (μ in every gram of wheat samples
GDNA/g wheats), calculation composition respectively handles the inhibitory action to thalline toxin synthesis capability.It the results are shown in Table 7.
Table 7：Synergistic effect and reduction DON toxin of the jinggangmeisu with triazolone composition suspending agent preventing and treating wheat scab
The effect of pollution
The present invention preventing and treating gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley composition synergistic effect Field Screening and result of the test show, jinggangmeisu with
Triazole one compositions are sprayed at wheat flowering initial stage to pustulation period, and 2~100g of jinggangmeisu active ingredient and three is used at every mu
During the mixture that 5~40 grams of oxazolone active ingredient, the not only preventing and treating to head blight has notable synergistic effect (coefficient of synergism is more than
100).And jinggangmeisu is with after the application of triazole one compositions, there is notable synergy to make the DON levels of pollution for reducing cereal
With, it is possible to reduce DON contents more than 85%, by level of security of the horizontal control of endotoxin contamination below 1mg DON/kg cereal.
The germ quantitative analysis results for infecting wheat are also again showed that simultaneously, jinggangmeisu, which has, suppresses thalline toxin synthesis capability,
And triazolone is then without this effect.Although carbendazim individually handles the preventive effect for having 67.5% to head blight, sitotoxin is dirty
Dye level still has 4.4mg/kg cereal, only declines 58.5% than blank control.
VI. synergistic effect and reduction detoxifying function of the jinggangmeisu with triazolone composition suspending agent preventing and treating wheat scab
The present invention uses invention development test IV and V test specimen preparation method, further devises using composition
Treatment dosage, while according to the dosage of jinggangmeisu in composition and triazolone devise single dose processing.Field test in
Carried out on Jiangsu Xin Yang farms within 2013.Processing is sprayed to water No. 22 wheat flowering initial stages in Huaihe River wheat, interval sprays second for 5 days
Medicine, every mu of 50 kilograms of injection flow rate.Each processing is repeated 3 times, per 50 square metres of plot area.It is every to set 50% carbendazim suspending agent simultaneously
Mu by the use of 80mL as comparison medicament handle.According to phase as defined in the relevant bactericide field control effectiveness test criterion professional standard of the Ministry of Agriculture
Induction method, investigating wheat scab, powdery mildew, rust and leaf blight in milk stage, a situation arises, calculates disease index, preventing and treating effect
Fruit and above-mentioned Abbott (ibid, 1925) method calculate the synergistic effect to head blight preventing and treating, and toxins checking method is ground with above-mentioned
The method for studying carefully V is identical, (the results are shown in Table 8).
Table 8：Jinggangmeisu and triazolone composition suspending agent preventing and treating wheat diseases and the effect of reduction sitotoxin pollution
Above-mentioned mixture Field information result shows that jinggangmeisu and triazolone composition suspending agent preventing and treating wheat scab are every
5~35 grams of mu 1~100 gram of active ingredient of jinggangmeisu, every mu of use of triazolone active ingredients are not only withered to wheat scab, leaf
Disease, powdery mildew and rust have fabulous prevention effect, and it is (experimental field right in pathogenic bacterium colony after testing to be much better than conventional carbendazim
Carbendazim shows drug-fast germ and accounted for 37.7%), and to having extremely including head blight caused by resistance to the action of a drug gibberellic hypha
Significant synergy preventive and therapeutic effect, its result are similar with field test results of the same year on Baima lake farm.Wherein well is used with every mu
5~50 grams of ridge mycin, triazolone are not only little with the preventive effect difference of higher doses with 10~30 grams of effect, can be by DON poison
Plain contamination control is within safe range, and dosage is few, and cost is low, more preferable beneficial to environmental protection, benefit.Especially it is worth note
Meaning, the cereal mass of 1000 kernel of all bactericide processing is obviously higher than control, especially jinggangmeisu and triazole one compositions
Processing, mass of 1000 kernel increase by more than 9.2%, production-increasing function is more notable.
VII. synergistic effect and reduction poison of the jinggangmeisu with triazolone composite wettable powder preventing and treating barley scab
The effect of element pollution
The good of other diseases in field control head blight and simultaneous is controlled according to jinggangmeisu and triazolone composition suspending agent
As a result, the present invention is devised beneficial to decrement using agricultural chemicals and the deal ratio for reducing cost, is prepared for jinggangmeisu and triazolone
The composite wettable powder of different content.Its preparation method is：After being mixed according to triazolone with jinggangmeisu active compound weight ratio,
Add 30% attapulgite carrier, 1.0%NNO-1 dispersants, 3% pull open powder wetting agent, 2% detergent alkylate sulphur by weight
Sour natrium surfactant, last packing precipitated calcium carbonate to 100%, 300 mesh sieves is crushed and crossed through sand mill.Prepare respectively
Content is 20% (1:10、1:6、1:3、1:1.5、1:And 60% (5 1):1、10:3、10:1) jinggangmeisu and triazolone combination
Thing wettable powder sample.
By every mu with the single dose dosage in composition, while design the single dose processing of jinggangmeisu and triazolone and conventional more
Ketone wettable powder compares medication.Processing is sprayed to water flowering initial stage in barley within 2014, interval sprays second of medicine in 5 days, often
50 kilograms of injection flow rate of mu.Each processing is repeated 3 times, per 50 square metres of plot area.Advised according to bactericide field control effectiveness test criterion
Fixed correlation method, investigating barley scab, powdery mildew, rust and leaf blight in milk stage, a situation arises, calculates disease index
With and prevention effect.Research contents VAbbott (1925) method is pressed simultaneously, and the synergy for calculating mixture preventing and treating barley scab is made
With.Dough stage, often handles at 5 points and takes each 150 fringe of the wheat head at random, takes back indoor threshing, is detected and calculated by research contents V method
Wheat content of toxins.Chemicals treatment dosage, preventive effect and synergistic effect and the influence of contratoxin content are shown in Table 9.
Table 9：Jinggangmeisu and the effect of triazolone composite wettable powder preventing and treating barley diseases
Composition Field information shows that the processing of triazolone single dose has to barley scab, leaf blight, powdery mildew and rust
Favorable effect, and jinggangmeisu single dose does not have effect substantially in addition to having relatively low preventive effect to head blight to other diseases.But
It is, when with composition containing 3~50g of jinggangmeisu ai and 5~30g of triazolone ai, to head blight, leaf blight, white powder
The preventive effect of disease and rust increases substantially, and prevention effect reaches more than 80%~90%, is better than the effect of the more ketone of the conventional medicament of control
Fruit, synergistic effect are notable.Especially with every mu with 3~50 grams of jinggangmeisu active ingredient, triazolone with 5~30 grams, can be significantly
The dosage of triazolone chemical bactericide is reduced, mitigates the environmental pressure of agricultural chemicals, reduces the endotoxin contamination of wheat.
VIII. the effect of jinggangmeisu preventing and treating wheat diseases mixed with trazodone wettable powder bucket and reduction endotoxin contamination
Using the jinggangmycin A soluble powder of Zhejiang Tonglu Huifeng Bio-Chemical Co., Ltd. 64% commercially
Agent and 20% trazodone wettable powder of commission Nanjing south agriculture agricultural chemicals development in science and technology Co., Ltd processing.According to experimental design institute
The jinggangmeisu and triazolone needed uses active ingredient dosage, two kinds of medicaments is weighed respectively, first by a kind of medicament to half water
Another medicament is added after dilution, is stirred, is added second half water, sprayed after mixing.First is sprayed in wheat flowering initial stage
Secondary medicine, interval spray second of medicine, every mu of 50 kilograms of injection flow rate in 5 days.Test and enter in April, 2014 on Jiangsu Province Xin Yang farms
OK, wheat breed Huaihe River wheat 33, each processing is repeated 3 times, per 50 square metres of plot area.If more ketone suspending agents are at comparison medicament
Reason.According to the correlation method of bactericide field control effectiveness test principle states, wheat scab, powdery mildew, rust are investigated in milk stage
A situation arises with leaf blight for disease, calculates disease index and and prevention effect.Synergistic effect and Mycotoxin identification are identical with the studies above,
Treatment dosage and preventive effect are shown in Table 10.
Table 10：The effect of jinggangmeisu and the mixed preventing and treating wheat diseases of trazodone wettable powder bucket
The studies above result shows that jinggangmeisu single dose sprays with triazolone single dose in application after interim bucket mixes, every mu
The effect of head blight is prevented and treated with each processing of 5~30 grams of 3~100 grams of active ingredients of jinggangmeisu, every mu of use of triazolone active ingredients
Application effect of the fruit with the mixture being prepared on Wheat And Barley is suitable, and to wheat scab, powdery mildew, rust and leaf blight
Also there is obvious synergistic function, prevention effect is better than more ketone.Particularly there is significant synergy to make to wheat scab
With, and it is similar with other sample results, show in the range of test dose, reduced and synergistic effect increasing with triazolone dosage.
Wherein, every mu uses 5~15 grams of active ingredients preventing and treating head blight of 3~50 grams of jinggangmeisu and triazolone and the simultaneous leaf blight, white controlled
Powder disease, the effect of rust significantly reduce DON endotoxin contaminations up to more than 80%.
In a word, gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley described in the present invention is wheat scab and barley scab, by including carbendazim
Wheat crops bud-rot caused by the Fusarium disease fungus (Fusarium spp.) of resistance sickle-like bacteria, seedling is withered, fringe is rotten or withered
Fringe.
The studies above result shows that every mu of use contains 1~100 gram of jinggangmeisu and 5~40 grams of triazolone active ingredients
Composition, seed treatment (coating or seed dressing) preventing and treating gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley has notable synergistic effect before Wheat Sowing, also simultaneously
It is simultaneous to control powdery mildew of cereals, rust and banded sclerotial blight；Water is sprayed in wheat heading, flowering to pustulation period, it is not only red to Wheat And Barley mould
The preventing and treating of disease has a synergistic effect, but also with reducing horizontal DON endotoxin contaminations, increase mass of 1000 kernel and simultaneous control powdery mildew, rust
The effect of disease and leaf blight.
[beneficial effect]
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Compared with conventional sterilization agent, microbicide compositions of the invention have advantages below：
1st, compared with application single dose, said composition has obvious synergistic effect for preventing and treating gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley, is remarkably improved preventing and treating
The effect of head blight, improve the ability of mankind's prevention and control wheat crops head blight；2nd, the pollution of cereal DON toxin can be significantly reduced
It is horizontal；3rd, dosage can be reduced, cost is reduced, reduces environmental pollution and residues of pesticides；4th, bactericide selection pressure is reduced, can
Delay the resistance to the action of a drug of the Wheat Pathogenic Fungi to triazolone, and the gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley to be developed immunity to drugs to carbendazim can be prevented and treated；5th, have
Have extend the lasting period of jinggangmeisu, reduce times for spraying, it is simultaneous control powdery mildew of cereals, rust, leaf blight and banded sclerotial blight, reduce agriculture
The advantages of recruitment cost that medicine uses；6th, jinggangmeisu is the strong non-pollution microbial source pesticide of selectivity, mixed with triazolone,
The dosage of chemical pesticide is considerably reduced, it is environmentally friendly.
【Embodiment】
The present invention is will be better understood that by following embodiments.
Embodiment 1：42% jinggangmeisu and the preventing and treating wheat diseases experiment of triazolone composition suspending agent
Test period and place：In April, 2015, Jiangsu Xin Yang farms
Test material：Wheat, kind：Huaihe River wheat 33.
Test method：
Sample preparation methods：Triazolone is with jinggangmeisu active compound according to weight than 1：20、1：6、5：16、5：2 and 6：1 is mixed
Close, according still further to the research V methods of present specification description, processing obtains the composition suspending agent test sample of 42% different ratio
Product.Every mu of 25 milliliters of use, 50 milliliters, 100 milliliters of composite preparations.Wheat flowering, which is watered initial stage, to be sprayed, and interval sprays for 5 days
Secondary medicine, every mu of 50 kilograms of injection flow rate.Corresponding dosage and the spray clear water for using wettable powder single dose simultaneously are control, carbendazim
As comparison medicament, each processing is repeated 2 times, per 100 square metres of plot area.
According to the correlation method of bactericide field control effectiveness test principle states, wheat scab, white powder are investigated in milk stage
Disease, rust and leaf blight be under a situation arises, calculates disease index and synergistic effect with prevention effect and to head blight and to poison
The effect of plain contamination control, the results are shown in Table 11 for it.
Table 11：The effect of 42% jinggangmeisu and triazolone composition suspending agent preventing and treating wheat diseases
Above-mentioned Field information result shows there is good wheat using 3~36g jinggangmeisus and 6~32 grams of triazolones
Disease-controlling effect.The coefficient of synergism of preventing and treating head blight is all higher than 100, and synergistic effect is notable.But every mu of 5~30 grams of application
When jinggangmeisu and 9~30 grams of triazolones, endotoxin contamination level is significantly reduced, synergistic effect is extremely obvious, prevents and treats head blight
Effect effectively simultaneous can control wheat powdery mildew, rust and leaf blight more than 80%, and attenuating effects are also extremely notable.
Embodiment 2：The effect of 64% jinggangmeisu and triazolone composite wettable powder preventing and treating wheat diseases
Test period and place：In April, 2015, the Along The Yangtze River In Jiangsu Province institute of agricultural sciences (Rugao)
Test material：Wheat.Kind：Raise No. 4, of wheat
Test method：According to triazolone and jinggangmeisu active compound weight than 1:1 mixing, according to present specification description
64% wettable powder test specimen is prepared in research VII method.Every mu effective using jinggangmeisu and triazolone respectively
The composite wettable powder that 4~20 grams of component content.Initial stage water is sprayed raising No. 4 wheat flowerings of wheat, interval sprays for 5 days
Secondary medicine, every mu of 45 kilograms of injection flow rate.The use of dosage of the 20% single dose wettable powder in being used in mixed way and spray clear water is pair
According to if 60 grams/acre of the wettable powder of ketone more than 50% is comparison medicament.Each processing is repeated 3 times, per 50 square metres of plot area.Press
According to the correlation method of bactericide field control effectiveness test principle states, wheat scab, powdery mildew, rust and leaf are investigated in milk stage
A situation arises for rot, calculates disease index and and prevention effect.It the results are shown in Table 12.
Table 12：The effect of 64% jinggangmeisu and triazolone composite wettable powder preventing and treating wheat diseases
Above-mentioned Field information result shows that every mu uses jinggangmeisu and triazolone 1:1 deal than composition effectively contain
Measuring each 4~20 grams has good prevention effect to wheat scab, leaf blight, powdery mildew and rust, but with mould using well ridge
Element and each 8~20 grams of active ingredient best results of triazolone.Compositions-treated can dramatically increase mass of 1000 kernel, and production-increasing function is bright
It is aobvious.
Embodiment 3：20% jinggangmeisu and triazolone composite wettable powder preventing and treating wheat diseases and reduction toxin are dirty
The effect of dye
Test period and place：In April, 2015, the Along The Yangtze River In Jiangsu Province institute of agricultural sciences (Rugao), phase of the test arrangement in example 2
Same field.
Test material：Wheat.Kind：Raise wheat No. 4.
Test method：According to triazolone and jinggangmeisu active compound weight than 1:After 1 mixing, 10% kaolinite by weight is added
Native carrier, 2% sodium lignin sulfonate auxiliary agent, 2% carboxymethyl cellulose, 1% alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base ether phosphate and 2% are poly-
Vinyl alcohol, precipitated calcium carbonate carrier is finally added to 100%, 300 mesh sieves are crushed and crossed through sand mill.It is 20% to prepare content
Composite wettable powder experiment sample.Every mu uses jinggangmeisu and triazolone active ingredient total content 20,15,6 respectively
Gram composite wettable powder.Initial stage water is sprayed raising No. 4 wheat flowerings of wheat, interval sprays second of medicine, every mu of spray for 5 days
45 kilograms of water.The use of dosage of the 20% single dose wettable powder in being used in mixed way and spray clear water is control, if ketone more than 50%
60 grams/acre of wettable powder is comparison medicament.Each processing is repeated 3 times, per 50 square metres of plot area.According to bactericide field medicine
Correlation method as defined in test rule is imitated, investigating wheat scab, powdery mildew, rust and leaf blight in milk stage, a situation arises,
Calculate disease index and and prevention effect.Result of the test is shown in Table 13.
Table 13：The effect of 20% jinggangmeisu and triazolone composite wettable powder preventing and treating wheat diseases
Above-mentioned result of the test shows, synergistic effect and production-increasing function of the jinggangmeisu with triazolone composition for preventing and controlling head blight
Significantly.This effect is relevant with dosage, and does not have notable sexual intercourse with the content of process preparation and auxiliary agent.
Embodiment 4：30% jinggangmeisu and triazole one compositions water dispersible granules preventing and treating wheat diseases and reduction toxin are dirty
The effect of dye
Test period and place：In April, 2015, Jiangsu Baima lake farm
Test material：Wheat.Kind：Magnificent No. 4, of wheat
Test method：According to jinggangmeisu and triazolone weight than 5:1 processing obtains 30% composition water dispersible granules.
Its processing method is as follows：The jinggangmeisu of 39.1 parts by weight 64% (25 parts of active ingredient), the triazolone active compound of 5.32 parts by weight 94%
(5 parts of active ingredient), 30 parts sulfuric acid ammoniums, 17.2 parts by weight precipitated calcium carbonates, 2.5 parts of APESs, 2.5 parts
Neopelex and 3.5 parts of polyoxyethylene carboxylates, crush, sieving, be granulated.
Every mu of use 400,200,100,60 grams of composite preparations, are sprayed initial stage in wheat flowering to water, and interval sprays for 5 days
Secondary medicine, every mu of 50 kilograms of injection flow rate.The use of 100 grams/acre of 20% single dose wettable powder and spray clear water is control, each processing weight
It is multiple 3 times, per 50 square metres of plot area.According to the correlation method of bactericide field control effectiveness test principle states, adjusted in milk stage
Looking into wheat scab, powdery mildew, rust and leaf blight, a situation arises, calculates disease index and and prevention effect.Result of the test arranges
In table 14.
Table 14：The effect of 30% jinggangmeisu and triazole one compositions water dispersible granules preventing and treating wheat diseases
Above-mentioned Field information effect shows that every mu by the composition water dispersible granules of 5 parts of jinggangmeisus and 1 part of triazolone
30~120 grams of total active ingredients spray, and have good prevention effect to wheat scab, powdery mildew, rust and leaf blight, especially
When spraying 60~120 grams of the total active ingredient of composition for every mu, cost performance is best.
Embodiment 5：The effect of 25% jinggangmeisu and triazole one compositions aqueous emulsion preventing and treating wheat diseases
Test period and place：In April, 2015, Jiangsu Baima lake farm
Test material：Wheat.Kind：Magnificent No. 4, of wheat
Test method：25% composition method for producing aqueous emulsion is as follows：Suspending agent is made in active compound triazolone, adds epoxy
Oxide-propylene oxide block copolymer nonionic emulsifier stirs into homogeneous oil phase；In addition by the jinggangmeisu aqueous solution, second two
Alcohol antifreezing agent and 1% benzoic acid are mixed into aqueous phase.The aqueous phase is gradually added in above-mentioned oil phase under high velocity agitation, is prepared into
To 25% jinggangmeisu and triazolone 1:1.5 oil-in-water type aqueous emulsion.
Every mu with the ml of formulation of composition aqueous emulsion 200,100,50, sprays initial stage in wheat flowering to water, is spaced 5 days and sprays
Apply second of medicine, every mu of 50 kilograms of injection flow rate.The use of 100 grams/acre of 20% single dose wettable powder and spray clear water is control, everywhere
Reason is repeated 3 times, per 50 square metres of plot area.According to the correlation method of bactericide field control effectiveness test principle states, in milking maturity
A situation arises for phase investigation wheat scab, powdery mildew, rust and leaf blight, calculates disease index and and prevention effect.Experiment knot
Fruit is shown in Table 15.
Table 15：The effect of 32% jinggangmeisu and triazole one compositions aqueous emulsion preventing and treating wheat diseases
Above-mentioned Field information result shows that every mu uses jinggangmeisu and the total active ingredient 12.5~50 of triazole one compositions
Gram there is preferable prevention effect to wheat scab, powdery mildew, rust and leaf blight, every mu uses the total active ingredient of composition
12.5~25 grams of cost performances are best.
Embodiment 6：45% jinggangmeisu and triazolone composite wettable powder preventing and treating wheat diseases and reduction toxin are dirty
The effect of dye
Test period and place：In April, 2015, the Along The Yangtze River In Jiangsu Province institute of agricultural sciences (Rugao)
Test material：Wheat.Kind：Raise wheat No. 4.
Test method：Jinggangmeisu and triazolone is prepared in method according to the research VII of present specification description
Weight ratio is 2:1 45% wettable powder test specimen, the commission institute of agricultural sciences of the area along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province carry out field test.Every mu
150,100,50 and 30 grams of composite wettable powder preparations are used respectively.Initial stage water is sprayed in wheat flowering, be spaced 5 days and spray
Apply second of medicine, every mu of 50 kilograms of injection flow rate.Using 20% jinggangmeisu and triazolone single dose wettable powder, by using mixture
In single dose and 40 grams of carbendazim active ingredients compare chemicals treatment, and it is blank control to spray clear water, and each processing repeats 3
It is secondary, per 50 square metres of plot area.According to the correlation method of bactericide field control effectiveness test principle states, investigated in milk stage small
A situation arises for wheat head blight and powdery mildew, calculates disease index and and prevention effect.
Each 5 points of processing samples totally 200 fringe during harvest, send Agricultural University Of Nanjing to detect content of toxins in sample after threshing.Poison
Plain detection method is as described above.Result of the test is shown in Table 16.
Table 16：The effect of 45% jinggangmeisu and triazolone composite wettable powder preventing and treating wheat diseases
Can be seen that from the experimental result of above-mentioned Field information embodiment 1~6 can suppress red based on discovery jinggangmeisu
The effect of mildew bacterium virulence factor DON toxin biosynthesis, using jinggangmeisu and triazolone compositions-treated wheat seeds and in field
Between spray, the preventing and treating to wheat scab has significant synergistic function.Meanwhile to wheat crops powdery mildew, rust, leaf
Rot and banded sclerotial blight also have preferable prevention effect.In addition, jinggangmeisu and triazolone of the inventor using some of combinations
Composition has carried out 3 years experiment and demonstrations, equal table on the Along The Yangtze River In Jiangsu Province institute of agricultural sciences, Jiangsu Xin Yang farms and Baima lake farm and other places
Having showed has fine preventive effect to Wheat And Barley head blight, and effectively simultaneous controls powdery mildew, leaf blight and rust.The present invention not only solves
The fusarium graminearum that China faces at present is difficult to the great difficult problem of prevention and control because of carbendazim resistance, and DON can be overcome malicious
Food-safety problem caused by element pollution wheat.Compared with bactericide conventional in the prior art, jinggangmeisu of the invention
With triazole one compositions, pollution of the sickle-like bacteria DON toxin to cereal can be substantially reduced, also as there is synergistic function,
Chemical pesticide dosage and drug cost can be greatly reduced, for reduce environmental pollution, administer resistance to the action of a drug wheat class fungal disease,
Ensure food safety with good application prospect.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of purposes of composition pesticide containing jinggangmeisu and triazolone in DON toxin biosynthesis are reduced, it is special
Sign in the composition pesticide weight of jinggangmeisu and triazolone ratio be 1~100：1~80, the DON toxin is by wheat
Bakanae disease causes, and described gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley is wheat scab and barley scab.
2. purposes according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described gibberella zeaze petch of wheat and barley is by including carbendazim resistance sickle
Wheat crops bud-rot caused by the Fusarium disease fungus (Fusarium spp.) of knife bacterium, seedling is withered, fringe is rotten or withered fringe.
3. a kind of purposes of disinfectant use in agriculture containing jinggangmeisu and triazolone in DON toxin biosynthesis are reduced, it is special
Sign is that described disinfectant use in agriculture contains the composition pesticide described in 0.1~90.0% claim 1, surplus by weight and is
Acceptable carrier and/or auxiliary agent in agricultural chemicals.
4. purposes according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described disinfectant use in agriculture contains by weight 10~75%
Composition pesticide described in claim 1, surplus are acceptable carrier and/or auxiliary agent in agricultural chemicals.
5. purposes according to claim 3, it is characterised in that described disinfectant use in agriculture contains by weight 26~58%
Composition pesticide described in claim 1, surplus are acceptable carrier and/or auxiliary agent in agricultural chemicals.
6. according to the purposes described in any one of claim 3-5 claim, it is characterised in that described disinfectant use in agriculture is
Suspending agent, aqueous emulsion, microemulsion, wettable powder or water dispersion granule.
7. according to the purposes described in any one of claim 3-5 claim, it is characterised in that described carrier be it is a kind of or
It is a variety of to be selected from water, attapulgite, kaolin or precipitated calcium carbonate.
8. according to the purposes described in any one of claim 3-5 claim, it is characterised in that described auxiliary agent be selected from ethanol,
Methanol, ethylene glycol, propane diols, NNO-1, NNO-7, xanthans, polyethylene glycol, glycerine, pull open powder, lauryl sodium sulfate, ten
Dialkyl benzene sulfonic acids sodium, ammonium sulfate, APES, alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base ether phosphate, aliphatic acid polyoxy second
Alkene ester, benzoic acid, sodium lignin sulfonate, carboxymethyl cellulose or polyvinyl alcohol.
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Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
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| 三唑酮防治小麦纹枯病;李兆勇 等;《农药》;19881231;第27卷(第4期);第49-50页 * |
| 不同药剂春季防治小麦纹枯病的比较;刘树法;《作物杂志》;20041231(第3期);第31-32页 * |
| 混合用药防治小麦病虫;朱苦垦;《北京农业》;19991231(第5期);第30页 * |
| 粉锈宁、井岗霉素混用防治稻粒黑粉病效果好;傅龙顺;《植保技术与推广》;19941231(第6期);第27页 * |
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