CN105794864A - Method for conducting moth expelling and fruit retention on peach fruit moths through allelopathic chemicals of plants - Google Patents
Method for conducting moth expelling and fruit retention on peach fruit moths through allelopathic chemicals of plants Download PDFInfo
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- CN105794864A CN105794864A CN201610175824.1A CN201610175824A CN105794864A CN 105794864 A CN105794864 A CN 105794864A CN 201610175824 A CN201610175824 A CN 201610175824A CN 105794864 A CN105794864 A CN 105794864A
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- fruit
- allelochemical
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/34—Rosaceae [Rose family], e.g. strawberry, hawthorn, plum, cherry, peach, apricot or almond
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for conducting moth expelling and fruit retention on peach fruit moths through allelopathic chemicals of plants.The allelopathic chemicals of the plants are used for conducting moth expelling and fruit retention on the peach fruit moths.The allelopathic chemicals are prepared from extract in fruits damaged by the peach fruit moths.The allelopathic chemicals contained in the damaged fruits can enable the peach fruit moths not to lay eggs on the fruits, then the allelopathic chemicals of the plants are used for conducting moth expelling and fruit retention on the peach fruit moths, and the allelopathic chemicals belong to plant moth expelling and fruit retention agents needing to be applied and popularized in green food production.A moth expelling agent containing the allelopathic chemicals for fruit retention can be directly used for various fruit trees for preventing damage of the peach fruit moths, and 45 kilograms of the moth expelling agent is applied per mu.The damage of the peach fruit moths can be effectively relieved; the contained allelopathic chemicals are applied, the maggoty fruit rate of fruits can be reduced by 70-80% or above, and the effects of high fruit yield and good quality are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of pest control, particularly to be that a kind of allelochemical utilizing plant carries out anthelmintic fruit retention to small heart-eating peach worm.
Background technology
Small heart-eating peach worm (Carposina sasakii Matsumura), it is called for short " Fructus Persicae is little ", another name Fructus Persicae moth, peach fruit moth, the little real moth of Fructus Persicae, it is commonly called as " borer ", belong to Lepidoptera (Lepidoptera) Carposinidae (Carposinidae), a kind of insecticide of Grapholita, becomes polypide greyish white or taupe, female polypide length 5 ~ 8 millimeters, wing expanse 16 ~ 18 millimeters, male worm is smaller.In northern China Fructus Jujubae district, Fructus Mali pumilae, the universal occurring and damage of pears growing area, have a strong impact on Fructus Jujubae fruit, Fructus Mali pumilae, the yield of pears and quality, it also endangers the multiple fruits such as Fructus Crataegi, Fructus Persicae, Ziziphi Spinosae, Fructus Mali Asiaticae, Caulis et folium euphorbiae milii simultaneously；Small heart-eating peach worm, in the major production areas of each fruit of northern China, the most all has distribution, owing to its brill eats into characteristic, causes great difficulty to preventing and treating.Therefore, strengthening modernization industry of planting forest or fruit tress construction, carrying out prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control work is current and modern later China in period industry of planting forest or fruit tress and the theme of plant protection work and emphasis comprehensively.Research, discussion novel practical, with low cost, energy-efficient, easily operate, the efficient prevention and controls of effect duration length and matched high efficiency fruit retention anthelmintic, be the important content carrying out fruit-bearing forest protection work.This has very important practical significance to setting up vigorous fruit-bearing forest industrial system.
The life habit of small heart-eating peach worm, occurs one for 1 year to secondary.Cocoon with mature larva and pass the winter in heap fruit field and orchard soil.Larva dormancy in cocoon of passing the winter is many for half a year, is unearthed successively in mid-June, the 2nd cocoon shell that starts to break by the teeth.Larva just creeps on ground after being unearthed, and finds trunk, and at the gap such as stone, soil block, grass roots, knot summer cocoon is pupated.Pupa typically turned into adult through about 15 days.Sprouting wings successively in mid or late June, mid-July is to terminate to mid-August the emergence Sheng phase.Adult is many to circle in the air at night, flies not far, often stop to fall in the shady spot and orchard weed of fruit tree branch and leaf, sprout wings after within 2 ~ 3 days, start to lay eggs.Ovum originates in the calyx low-lying area of fruit, stalk low-lying area and the coarse position of peel more, also has ovum to give birth at the leaf back side, Guo Tai, bud, fruit stem etc..Ovum is larva through hatching in 7 ~ 8 days, and larva creeps on fruit face, and after finding suitable position, peel of breaking by the teeth is eaten into in fruit.Larva through about 20 days, develops into mature larva in fruit, and mature larva is stung outside the hole abjection fruit of a flat circular, and landing buries passes the winter.General pass the winter in the range of 1.5m around trunk more, but hillside orchard because of with a varied topography, weeds are more, the distribution of cocoon of passing the winter is concentrated not as level land.Small heart-eating peach worm generating capacity over the years changes greatly, and the larva that passes the winter is unearthed, pupates, adult eclosion and laying eggs, and is required for of a relatively high humidity.As when larva is unearthed, soil needs moistening, during the Heavenly Stems ground drought, larva can not sprout wings unearthed the most entirely, and adult amount of being therefore unearthed after rain increases.Adult worms producting eggs is high to humidity requirement, and super-humid conditions is laid eggs many, and low humidity is laid eggs few, sometimes can differ decades of times, and the year small heart-eating peach worm of arid occurs, harm is lighter.
At present; preventing and treating small heart-eating peach worm majority still uses the methods such as traditional artificial, chemical, physics to prevent and treat, and not only wastes time and energy, is easily generated Drug resistance; prevention effect is poor; pollute environment, in the work of reality preventing and treating small heart-eating peach worm, often to target pest; do dispenser repeatedly; this is accomplished by the input of substantial amounts of production cost, and not only cost is high, and is difficult to reach the purpose of pest control；Two is substantial amounts of pesticide spraying to behind field, i.e. healthy unfavorable to dispenser personnel, but also can kill substantial amounts of natural enemy, also pollutes environment, and it is low to prevent and treat efficiency, and side effect is big；And prevention effect is the most undesirable.Simultaneously and existing environmental protection, the protection being conducive to ecological environment and the development of bio-diversity, the production theory of green prevention and control deviating from.
Along with green agriculture, the progressively popularization of organic agriculture theory, the most contaminated in order to preserve the ecological environment, the beneficially protection of the bio-diversity of ecological environment and development.Use economic, efficient, nontoxic, noresidue, environmentally safe, the method utilizing allelochemical to carry out anthelmintic fruit retention effective and rapid, very environmental protection, reduces laying eggs and endangering of small heart-eating peach worm, is increasingly subject to people's attention.
Chemical prevention to small heart-eating peach worm at present is mainly:
(1), tree lower ground preventing and treating.Spread pesticide-clay mixture: be sufficiently mixed with fine earth 15-25 kilogram with 15% Le Siben granule 2 kilograms or 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 500 grams, be sprinkling upon ground under the trunk of 0.07 hectare equably, with flat rake, by medicine soil and mixing with soil, leveling.Le Siben uses 1 time;Phoxim should even be executed 2-3 time.Ground based spraying: with 48% 300-500 times of liquid of Le Siben cream, squirt ground, rake pine ground surface soil before Overwintering Larvae is unearthed.
(2), prevent and treat on tree.Proper control time is that spawning period is incubated the phase at the beginning of larva, sprays 48% 1000-1500 times of liquid of Le Siben cream, ovum and newly hatched larvae are had strong action of contace poison;Also can spray 20% and kill 2000 times of liquid of chrysanthemum emulsifiable concentrate；10% permethrin milk oil 1500 times liquid；2.5% deltamethrin milk oil 2000-3000 times liquid.Spray again once after one week, good prevention effect can be obtained.
The medicament being additionally used as has, 22.4% spiral shell 5000 times of liquid of worm ethyl ester suspending agent, the sun is rich adds kk auxiliary agent, and the sun rich (3% emamectin benzoate) is high to lepidoptera pest activity such as heart-eating worms, and the lasting period is up to about 20 days, low to person poultry toxicity, Uptake and translocation again；20% sumicidin missible oil 3000 times liquid, 3000 times of liquid of 2.5% cyhalothrin cream.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned technical deficiency, it is provided that a kind of allelochemical (A11eochemicals) utilizing plant carries out anthelmintic fruit retention to small heart-eating peach worm, improve agricultural product quality, improve the yield of agricultural product.
For exploring the anthelmintic fruit retention effect of allelochemical of small heart-eating peach worm, we are according to the biological characteristics of small heart-eating peach worm itself, characteristic that i.e. it is laid eggs on fruit and the feature that larva endangers, are used；Generally, small heart-eating peach worm only produces one to two ovum on fruit, and the fruit after being endangered by small heart-eating peach worm, it is the characteristic and feature that will not lay eggs again；In the allelochemical extracted from fruit, the allelochemical containing anthelmintic fruit retention is about 0.015%.
For solving the technical scheme of above-mentioned technical problem it is: the allelochemical of the plant utilizing the extract the fruit after being endangered by small heart-eating peach worm to make, small heart-eating peach worm is carried out anthelmintic fruit retention, the described allelochemical utilizing plant carries out anthelmintic fruit retention to small heart-eating peach worm, by extracting in the fruit after being endangered by small heart-eating peach worm, making；This is the biological characteristics according to small heart-eating peach worm itself, characteristic that i.e. it is laid eggs on fruit and the feature of larva harm, is used；Generally, small heart-eating peach worm only produces one to two ovum on each fruit, and the fruit after being endangered by small heart-eating peach worm, it is the characteristic and feature that will not lay eggs again；In the allelochemical extracted from fruit, the allelochemical containing anthelmintic fruit retention is about 0.015%.
The extract 1 part of the described allelochemical that can carry out anthelmintic fruit retention, needs to add the water of about 450 times, sprays routinely during use；Every mu of usage amount is 45 kilograms.
Described allelochemical need to keep in Dark Place.
Described endangered by small heart-eating peach worm after Fructus Persicae, Lee, pears, Fructus Mali pumilae etc. fruit in, all contain this kind of allelochemical.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. the present invention be utilize hazard of plant after, contained allelochemical itself carries out anthelmintic fruit retention to small heart-eating peach worm, is to utilize allelochemical that extract the fruit after being endangered by small heart-eating peach worm, containing special anthelmintic.This allelochemical utilizing plant carries out to small heart-eating peach worm that anthelmintic fruit retention belongs in pollution-free food production should the insect-proof agent of popularization and application.
2. the allelochemical contained by the present invention, be utilize hazard of plant after, itself produce and contained allelochemical carry out anthelmintic fruit retention to small heart-eating peach worm, various orchard can be directly used in and use；Every mu of usage amount is about 45 kilograms；Can effectively alleviate the moth fruit harm of small heart-eating peach worm.
3. use the allelochemical contained by the present invention, small heart-eating peach worm is carried out anthelmintic fruit retention, small heart-eating peach worm borer fruit rate can be made to reduce more than 70-80%, there is fruit output height, the effect of quality better.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is further described: following example are merely to illustrate the present invention, but are not limited to the scope of the present invention.
A kind of allelochemical utilizing plant that the present invention provides carries out anthelmintic fruit retention to small heart-eating peach worm, the described allelochemical utilizing plant carries out anthelmintic fruit retention to small heart-eating peach worm, is to utilize allelochemical that extract the fruit after being endangered by small heart-eating peach worm, containing special anthelmintic.
Described allelochemical (A11eochemicals) also known as its sense material, the anti-preformed material of plant, protective plant protecting agent, plant immunization material.
Allelochemical containing anthelmintic fruit retention refers to: be allelochemical that extract the fruit after being endangered by small heart-eating peach worm, containing special anthelmintic.
This is the biological characteristics according to small heart-eating peach worm itself, characteristic that i.e. it is laid eggs on fruit and the feature of larva harm, is used；Generally, small heart-eating peach worm only produces one to two ovum on each fruit, and the fruit after being endangered by small heart-eating peach worm, it is the characteristic and feature that will not lay eggs again；In the allelochemical extracted from fruit, the allelochemical containing anthelmintic fruit retention is about 0.015%.
The extract of the described allelochemical that can carry out anthelmintic fruit retention, needs to add the water of about 450 times, sprays routinely during use；Every mu of usage amount is about 45 kilograms.
Described allelochemical need to keep in Dark Place.
Described endangered by small heart-eating peach worm after Fructus Persicae, Lee, pears, Fructus Mali pumilae etc. fruit in, all contain this kind of allelochemical.
After refinement allelochemical (A1leochemicals), it is a kind of extremely complex compound.Above-mentioned natural allelochemical can stop laying eggs of oriental fruit months, and play and catch up with and refuse functions such as laying eggs.Further illustrate the extraction of the present invention by embodiment, prepare and use below.
One, embodiment one
The present invention provides a kind of allelochemical extracted from Fructus Mali pumilae, utilize this allelochemical to carry out, small heart-eating peach worm is carried out anthelmintic fruit retention test, the described allelochemical utilizing plant carries out anthelmintic fruit retention to small heart-eating peach worm, by extract add 450 times water dilution form, i.e. from Fructus Mali pumilae extract allelochemical 1 part add water 450 parts.
(1), specifically comprising the following steps that of the present invention is prepared
1. extract, prepare allelochemical, be to extract to prepare in laboratory:
Selecting the Fructus Mali pumilae after being endangered by small heart-eating peach worm, pulverize, use the organic solvent method for extracting of opposed polarity, extract allelochemical, respectively extracting 2-3 time, organic facies mixing after extracting, concentrating under reduced pressure, volatilize machine solvent, obtains allelochemical；Anthelmintic fruit retention application is carried out after dilution
2. preparation, extracted containing allelochemical, be contained in brown bottle, keep in Dark Place standby.
(2), the allelochemical that utilizes the present invention to prepare, extract, carry out anthelmintic, the field experiment of fruit retention in apple orchard；It is provided with Routine Management district for comparison.
Test and result are as follows:
(1), allelochemical sprays the date: carried out trial zone on May 28 and sprays for the first time, carried out trial zone second time on June 26 and spray, carried out trial zone third time on July 28 and spray.
(2), trial zone and the basic condition of check plot: in order to verify the anthelmintic fruit retention effect of allelochemical, trial zone and check plot, fruit does not all have bagging；The age of tree of fruit tree, outward appearance growing way are substantially uniform unanimously, and soil fertility is basically identical, and way to manage method is basically identical.
(3), small heart-eating peach worm borer fruit rate investigation: investigate before gathering, use diagonal process sampling, 10 points during the investigation of each district, 200 fruits of each points for investigation successive survey in trial zone and check plot；The borer fruit rate using garden of the present invention reduces 71.5% than the little borer fruit rate of Fructus Persicae not using garden of the present invention.
Two, embodiment two
1. extract, prepare allelochemical, be to extract to prepare in laboratory:
Selecting the big Fructus Persicae after being endangered by small heart-eating peach worm, pulverize, use the organic solvent method for extracting of opposed polarity, extract allelochemical, respectively extracting 2-3 time, organic facies mixing after extracting, concentrating under reduced pressure, volatilize machine solvent, obtains allelochemical；Anthelmintic fruit retention application is carried out after dilution
2. preparation, extracted containing allelochemical, be contained in brown bottle, keep in Dark Place standby.
(2), the allelochemical that utilizes the present invention to prepare, extract, carry out anthelmintic, the field experiment of fruit retention in peach garden；It is provided with Routine Management district for comparison.
Test and result are as follows:
(1), allelochemical sprays the date: carried out trial zone on May 6 and sprays for the first time, carried out trial zone second time on June 2 and spray.
(2), trial zone and the basic condition of check plot: in order to verify the anthelmintic fruit retention effect of allelochemical, trial zone and check plot, fruit does not all have bagging；The age of tree of fruit tree, outward appearance growing way are substantially uniform unanimously, and soil fertility is basically identical, and way to manage method is basically identical.
(3), Fructus Persicae little moth food peach fruit rate investigation: investigate in collection period；Trial zone and check plot use diagonal process sampling, 10 points during the investigation of each district, 200 Fructus Persicae of each points for investigation successive survey；The little borer fruit rate of Fructus Persicae using garden of the present invention reduces 80.85% than the little borer fruit rate of Fructus Persicae not using garden of the present invention.
Three, embodiment three
1. extract, prepare allelochemical, be to extract to prepare in laboratory:
Selecting the pears after being endangered by small heart-eating peach worm, pulverize, use the organic solvent method for extracting of opposed polarity, extract allelochemical, respectively extracting 2-3 time, organic facies mixing after extracting, concentrating under reduced pressure, volatilize machine solvent, obtains allelochemical；Dilute laggard row and carry out anthelmintic fruit retention application
2. preparation, extracted containing allelochemical, be contained in brown bottle, keep in Dark Place standby.
(2), the allelochemical that utilizes the present invention to prepare, extract, carry out anthelmintic, the field experiment of fruit retention in theatre；It is provided with Routine Management district for comparison.
Test and result are as follows:
(1), allelochemical sprays the date: carried out trial zone on May 28 and sprays for the first time, carried out trial zone second time on June 26 and spray, carried out trial zone third time on July 28 and spray.
(2), trial zone and the basic condition of check plot: in order to verify the anthelmintic fruit retention effect of allelochemical, trial zone and check plot, fruit does not all have bagging；The age of tree of fruit tree, outward appearance growing way are substantially uniform unanimously, and soil fertility is basically identical, and way to manage method is basically identical.
(3), oriental fruit months borer fruit rate investigation: investigate in collection period；Trial zone and check plot use diagonal process sampling, 10 points during the investigation of each district, 200 fruits of each points for investigation successive survey；The borer fruit rate using garden of the present invention reduces 76.75% than the little borer fruit rate of Fructus Persicae not using district of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the allelochemical utilizing plant carries out anthelmintic fruit retention to small heart-eating peach worm, it is characterised in that described allelochemical, is to extract the fruit after being endangered by small heart-eating peach worm；This is the biological characteristics according to small heart-eating peach worm itself, characteristic that i.e. it is laid eggs on fruit and the feature of larva harm, is used；Generally, small heart-eating peach worm only produces one to two ovum on fruit, and the fruit after being endangered by small heart-eating peach worm, it is the characteristic and feature that will not lay eggs again；In the allelochemical extracted from fruit, the allelochemical containing anthelmintic fruit retention is about 0.015%.
2. according to the allelochemical utilizing plant described in claim 1, small heart-eating peach worm is carried out anthelmintic fruit retention, it is characterized in that, the extract 1 part of the described allelochemical that can carry out anthelmintic fruit retention, needs to add the water of about 450 times, sprays routinely during use；Every mu of usage amount is about 45 kilograms.
3. according to the allelochemical utilizing plant described in claim 1, small heart-eating peach worm is carried out anthelmintic fruit retention, it is characterised in that described allelochemical need to keep in Dark Place.
4. according to the allelochemical utilizing plant described in claim 1, small heart-eating peach worm is carried out anthelmintic fruit retention, it is characterised in that described endangered by small heart-eating peach worm after Fructus Persicae, Fructus Jujubae, pears, Fructus Mali pumilae etc. fruit in, all contain this kind of allelochemical.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610175824.1A CN105794864A (en) | 2016-03-27 | 2016-03-27 | Method for conducting moth expelling and fruit retention on peach fruit moths through allelopathic chemicals of plants |
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| CN201610175824.1A CN105794864A (en) | 2016-03-27 | 2016-03-27 | Method for conducting moth expelling and fruit retention on peach fruit moths through allelopathic chemicals of plants |
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Citations (3)
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| EP0629345A1 (en) * | 1993-06-16 | 1994-12-21 | Natural Plant Protection - N.P.P. | Insecticidal/acaricidal composition based on anionic surfactant(s), and semiochemical(s), and method for combatting arthropods using this composition |
| CN102415304A (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2012-04-18 | 砀山县水果协会 | Method for preventing and controlling orchard grapholitha molesta busck |
| CN105053087A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-11-18 | 江苏振宇环保科技有限公司 | Green oriental fruit moth prevention and control method |
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2016
- 2016-03-27 CN CN201610175824.1A patent/CN105794864A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0629345A1 (en) * | 1993-06-16 | 1994-12-21 | Natural Plant Protection - N.P.P. | Insecticidal/acaricidal composition based on anionic surfactant(s), and semiochemical(s), and method for combatting arthropods using this composition |
| CN102415304A (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2012-04-18 | 砀山县水果协会 | Method for preventing and controlling orchard grapholitha molesta busck |
| CN105053087A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-11-18 | 江苏振宇环保科技有限公司 | Green oriental fruit moth prevention and control method |
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| 曾任森等: "植物的诱导抗性及生化机理", 《华南农业大学学报》 * |
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Application publication date: 20160727 |