CN105780549A - 一种棉织物染色抗皱一浴法加工工艺 - Google Patents

一种棉织物染色抗皱一浴法加工工艺 Download PDF

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CN105780549A
CN105780549A CN201610275228.0A CN201610275228A CN105780549A CN 105780549 A CN105780549 A CN 105780549A CN 201610275228 A CN201610275228 A CN 201610275228A CN 105780549 A CN105780549 A CN 105780549A
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crease
processing technique
resin
cotton fabric
fabric dyeing
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姚江薇
吴继华
李进堂
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University of Shaoxing
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种棉织物染色抗皱一浴法加工工艺，属于织物等的处理技术领域。将织物浸泡在染料、树脂和助剂的共混溶液中，浸轧后烘焙，所述的共混溶液中，染料为活性染料，添加量为20‑25g/L；树脂为免烫树脂，添加量为140‑160g/L；柔软剂15‑30g/L；渗透剂0.3‑3g/L；浸轧轧余量60‑100%。将本申请应用于棉织物的处理，具有工序短、色牢度高、抗皱性能好等优点。

Description

一种棉织物染色抗皱一浴法加工工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及一种棉织物染色抗皱一浴法加工工艺，属于织物等的处理技术领域。
背景技术
棉纤维是世界上用量最大的天然纺织纤维,目前一般用活性染料对其进行染色。和大多数当纤维素纤维一样，棉纤维接触到水时由于羟基基团的电离会产生负电荷，而活性染料是阴离子染料，这样纤维和染料之间由于相同的电性而相互排斥，因此通常存在上染率低的问题。传统染色过程中，需要加入大量的盐（如氯化钠、元明粉）促染，提高上染率，并需要加入碱固色。染色过程中大量盐和碱的使用不仅增加了染色成本，而且也增加了污染排放。同时由于元明粉搬运目前主要以人工搬运为主，工人劳动强度较大，生产效率较低，不利于标准化加工。无盐/低盐染色工艺技术的产业化对于印染企业面临的日益加剧的环保压力，降低助剂消耗节约成本都有着重要的意义。
棉织物防缩抗皱性较差，在洗涤或穿着过程中经受外力作用时，极易出现织物的折皱。棉织物的抗皱整理主要是采用树脂对织物进行整理，所以有时也称为树脂整理。但工艺的缺陷在于流程长、工序多，染色与固色等后处理需要分多个工序、步骤完成，抗皱和染色、固色无法同步进行。
基于此，做出本申请。
发明内容
为了克服现有织物处理所存在的上述缺陷，本申请提供一种棉织物染色抗皱一浴法加工工艺，该工艺同时实现棉织物的抗皱整理效果和染色的固色效果，实现棉织物活性染料染色和抗皱树脂整理一步一浴完成。
为实现上述目的，本申请采取的技术方案如下：
一种棉织物染色抗皱一浴法加工工艺，将织物浸泡在染料、树脂和助剂的共混溶液中，浸轧后烘焙，所述的共混溶液中，染料为活性染料，添加量为20-25g/L；树脂为免烫树脂，添加量为140-160g/L；柔软剂15-30g/L；渗透剂0.3-3g/L；浸轧轧余量60-100%。
进一步的，作为优选：
所述的浸轧采用一浸一轧、一浸二轧或二浸二轧。
所述的浸轧与烘焙之间设置有烘干，烘干温度80-100℃，烘干时间3-5分钟。
所述的浸轧与烘焙之间设置有烘干和气蒸，烘干温度80-100℃，烘干时间3-5分钟；气蒸时间1-10分钟。
所述的烘焙温度为130-180℃，烘焙时间3-4分钟。
所述的树脂为N 一羟甲基酰胺类改性树脂、二羟甲基二羟基乙烯脲树脂、二羟甲基二羟基环亚乙基脲中的任一种。
所述的柔软剂为氨基改性硅油、环氧改性硅油、聚醚改性硅油中的任一种。
所述的渗透剂为烷基磺酸钠、烷基苯磺酸钠、烷基硫酸酯钠、仲烷基磺酸钠、仲烷基硫酸酯钠中的任一种。
本申请的工作原理和有益效果如下：
（1）棉织物的活性染料染色和抗皱整理可实现一步一浴完成。混合溶液的构成是实现染色、抗皱和固色同步进行的关键，本申请中，染色采用活性染料，抗皱采用免烫树脂等，该树脂与活性染料具有很好的配伍性，在染色和抗皱整理过程中既能起到固色作用，又能起到使棉织物具有免烫和抗皱功能的整理效果，。
（2）染色后采用浸轧-烘焙的方式对棉针织物进行染色-抗皱强化处理。浸轧可采用一浸一轧、一浸二轧和二浸二轧三种方式，一浸一轧适合浅色或易上染染色，在一浸一轧过程中，即可完成染料和树脂的浸入，有助于染料与整理剂充分渗入并与织物结合；一浸二轧和二浸二轧中，两次轧液可采用压力相同或前小后大，即第一道轧液压力较第二道轧液压力小，第一道轧液进行预轧，第二道轧液为深轧，压力分级设置，可延长浸液在织物中的停留时间，确保浸液与织物充分接触和结合，染色更均匀，上染率高。
（3）本申请所采用的树脂为醚化2D树脂，这种树脂甲醛释放量可以达到使用要求，在浸轧过程中，该树脂不仅能够起到使棉织物抗皱的效果，也可以起到固色的作用，提高织物的染色牢度。而一浸一轧、一浸二轧、二浸二轧等多种方式的实施，赋予织物与树脂之间进行干态交联、潮态交联、湿态交联和多步交联等多种状态。
（4）在浸轧与烘焙之间设置有烘干和气蒸工序，烘干和气蒸工序温度均较烘焙温度低，一方面可以起到预热的作用，促进染料和整理剂的流动，另一方面，在烘干和气蒸作用下，也加快了染料、整理剂的凝固，有利于染料、整理剂和织物的结合，烘干和气蒸工序强化了染色抗皱的同步进行。
（5）采用本申请的技术方案，棉织物在活性染料染色、整理时盐的用量可降低，浅色染色时甚至可以不需要加盐促染；染色过程无需加碱固色，因此碱用量降低到0，浅色效果时盐的用量降低到0，深色效果时盐的用量降低60-70%。
具体实施方式
实施例1
本实施例用于一步一浴对棉织物进行活性染料染色和抗皱树脂整理的工艺，由活性染料染料和抗皱后整理工艺配方、工艺流程和工艺参数三个部分组合形成，其中：
（1）工艺配方：活性染料，20 g/L；免烫树脂，160 g/L；柔软剂，20 g/L；渗透剂，1 g/L。
（2）工艺流程：二浸二轧→烘干→烘焙→后处理。
（3）工艺参数：轧余率100%，烘干温度80℃，烘干时间4min，烘焙温度160℃，烘焙时间4min。
实施例2
本实施例用于一步一浴对棉织物进行活性染料染色和抗皱树脂整理的工艺，由活性染料染料和抗皱后整理工艺配方、工艺流程和工艺参数三个部分组合形成；其中：
（1）工艺配方：活性染料，25 g/L；免烫树脂，140 g/L；柔软剂，20 g/L；渗透剂，2 g/L。
（2）工艺流程：二浸二轧→烘干→烘焙→后处理。
（3）工艺参数：轧余率80%，烘干温度100℃，烘干时间3min，烘焙温度160℃，烘焙时间3min。
实施例3
本实施例用于一步一浴对棉织物进行活性染料染色和抗皱树脂整理的工艺，由活性染料染料和抗皱后整理工艺配方、工艺流程和工艺参数三个部分组合形成；其中：
（1）工艺配方：活性染料，25 g/L；免烫树脂，150 g/L；柔软剂，20 g/L；渗透剂，1 g/L。
（2）工艺流程：一浸一轧→烘干→汽蒸→烘焙→后处理。
（3）工艺参数：轧余率100%，烘干温度100℃，烘干时间3min，汽蒸时间5min，烘焙温度150℃，烘焙时间4min。
实施例4
本实施例用于一步一浴对棉织物进行活性染料染色和抗皱树脂整理的工艺，由活性染料染料和抗皱后整理工艺配方、工艺流程和工艺参数三个部分组合形成；其中：
（1）工艺配方：活性染料，20 g/L；免烫树脂，140 g/L；柔软剂15 g/L；渗透剂2 g/L。
（2）工艺流程：一浸一轧→烘干→汽蒸→烘焙→后处理。
（3）工艺参数：轧余率80%，烘干温度80℃，烘干时间4min，汽蒸时间8min，烘焙温度170℃，烘焙时间3min。
实施例5
本实施例用于一步一浴对棉织物进行活性染料染色和抗皱树脂整理的工艺，由活性染料染料和抗皱后整理工艺配方、工艺流程和工艺参数三个部分组合形成；其中：
（1）工艺配方：活性染料，22 g/L；免烫树脂，140 g/L；柔软剂18 g/L；渗透剂2 g/L。
（2）工艺流程：一浸二轧→烘干→汽蒸→烘焙→后处理。
（3）工艺参数：第一道轧液的轧余率60%，第二道轧液的轧余量90%；烘干温度100℃，烘干时间3min，汽蒸时间2min，烘焙温度140℃，烘焙时间3min。
实施例6
本实施例用于一步一浴对棉织物进行活性染料染色和抗皱树脂整理的工艺，由活性染料染料和抗皱后整理工艺配方、工艺流程和工艺参数三个部分组合形成；其中：
（1）工艺配方：活性染料25 g/L；免烫树脂，160 g/L；柔软剂25 g/L；渗透剂2.5 g/L。
（2）工艺流程：一浸二轧→烘干→汽蒸→烘焙→后处理。
（3）工艺参数：第一道轧液的轧余率80%，第二道轧液的轧余量100%；烘干温度90℃，烘干时间5min，汽蒸时间8min，烘焙温度180℃，烘焙时间3min。
对比实施例
以传统先染色后抗皱处理为对比实施例，其具体工艺流程、工艺配方和工艺参数如下：
轧染 (80％ 轧余率) →烘干(100 ℃，3 min) →气蒸(6 min) →皂洗→烘干→免烫树脂整理一浸一轧(100％ 轧余率) →烘干(100 ℃，3 min) →焙烘(160℃，3.5 min)
效果说明
从对比实施例可以看出，和传统先染色后抗皱处理相比，本专利提出的方法用染色抗皱一步一浴法加工工艺取代了传统的先染色再抗皱整理的加工工艺，大大缩短了工艺流程，节约了水电等能源的使用，降低了加工成本。
以上内容是结合本发明创造的优选实施方式对所提供技术方案所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明创造具体实施只局限于上述这些说明，对于本发明创造所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本发明创造的保护范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种棉织物染色抗皱一浴法加工工艺，其特征在于：将织物浸泡在染料、树脂和助剂的共混溶液中，浸轧后烘焙，所述的共混溶液中，染料为活性染料，添加量为20-25g/L；树脂为免烫树脂，添加量为140-160g/L；柔软剂15-30g/L；渗透剂0.3-3g/L；浸轧轧余量60-100%。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种棉织物染色抗皱一浴法加工工艺，其特征在于：所述的浸轧采用一浸一轧、一浸二轧或二浸二轧。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种棉织物染色抗皱一浴法加工工艺，其特征在于：所述的浸轧与烘焙之间设置有烘干，烘干温度80-100℃，烘干时间3-5分钟。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种棉织物染色抗皱一浴法加工工艺，其特征在于：所述的浸轧与烘焙之间设置有烘干和气蒸，烘干温度80-100℃，烘干时间3-5分钟；气蒸时间1-10分钟。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种棉织物染色抗皱一浴法加工工艺，其特征在于：所述的烘焙温度为130-180℃，烘焙时间3-4分钟。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种棉织物染色抗皱一浴法加工工艺，其特征在于：所述的树脂为为N 一羟甲基酰胺类改性树脂、二羟甲基二羟基乙烯脲树脂、二羟甲基二羟基环亚乙基脲中的任一种。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种棉织物染色抗皱一浴法加工工艺，其特征在于：所述的柔软剂为氨基改性硅油、环氧改性硅油、聚醚改性硅油中的任一种。
8.如权利要求1所述的一种棉织物染色抗皱一浴法加工工艺，其特征在于：所述的渗透剂为烷基磺酸钠、烷基苯磺酸钠、烷基硫酸酯钠、仲烷基磺酸钠、仲烷基硫酸酯钠中的任一种。
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