CN105777094A - 一种nfc手机支付铁氧体磁屏蔽材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种nfc手机支付铁氧体磁屏蔽材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于电子陶瓷材料技术领域,具体涉及一种具有高磁导率、高品质因数的NFC手机支付铁氧体磁屏蔽材料及其制备方法。该铁氧体磁屏蔽材料,其主晶相为尖晶石结构,分子结构表达式为Ni0.34‑xZn0.48+xCu0.18Fe1.98O4,其中0<x≤0.01;主配方由分析纯的原料NiO、ZnO、CuO、Fe2O3按摩尔比(0.34‑x)∶(0.48+x)∶0.18∶0.99构成;掺杂剂为Bi2O3:0.5wt%,Co2O3:0.4wt%和CaCO3:0.04wt%~0.06wt%。该铁氧体磁屏蔽材料在工作频点13.56MHz时起始磁导率195~205,品质因数50~60。预烧温度高于最终的烧结温度,收缩率有较大程度的下降,更好的保证了加工NFC磁片时不容易出现翘曲开裂。生产原料便宜,工艺简单,操作方便且成本低。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于电子陶瓷材料技术领域,具体涉及一种具有高磁导率、高品质因数的NFC手机支付铁氧体磁屏蔽材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
近年来随着通信产业的不断发展,4G网络及无线应用逐步深入,与此同时,近距离通信技术(NFC)也在飞速的发展。NFC是一种工作频率为13.56MHz,通信距离0~20cm的近距离无线通信技术。NFC由非接触式射频识别(RFID)及互联互通技术整合演变而来,将NFC芯片装在手机上,手机就可以实现小额电子支付和读取其他NFC设备或标签的信息。NFC的短距离交互大大简化整个认证识别过程,使电子设备间互相访问更直接、更安全和更清楚。通过NFC,电脑、数码相机、手机、PDA等多个设备之间可以很方便快捷地进行无线连接,进而实现数据交换和服务。由于NFC手机支付技术具有成本低廉、方便易用和与现有技术兼容等突出优点,发展前景十分看好。
目前在NFC手机中,通过将智能标签贴在手机电池或后盖壳上,以最大程度地节约空间。但这样一来,标签在读卡器发出的信号作用下激发感应出的交变电磁场很容易受到手机上金属的涡流衰减作用而使信号强度大大减弱,导致读取过程失败。NFC天线铁氧体屏蔽磁片能够隔离金属材料对天线磁场的吸收,增加天线的磁场强度,从而有效增加通信感应距离。因此铁氧体屏蔽磁片是NFC手机中必不可少的部分。
对于这种铁氧体屏蔽磁片材料,首先要求其在13.56MHz时的磁导率尽量高,这样NFC天线耦合作用的距离能够更远,其次要求其品质因数Q值在13.56MHz时也尽量大,这样耦合过程的磁损耗小,也有利于提高NFC天线的作用距离。但是,在13.56MHz的高频下,提高铁氧体的磁导率和提高其品质因数的目标要求基本上是相互矛盾的,提高一项指标很大程度上要以牺牲另一项指标为代价,很难找到比较好的折衷效果。目前,市面上能见到的NFC手机屏蔽磁片的磁导率一般在140~150左右,品质因数在40~50左右(13.56MHz)。为了进一步改善NFC手机的应用效能,磁屏蔽铁氧体材料的性能还有待于进一步提升。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种以尖晶石NiCuZn铁氧体为主晶相组成的,能够在NFC手机工作频点13.56MHz很好兼顾高磁导率和高品质因数综合要求的NFC手机支付铁氧体磁屏蔽材料及其制备方法。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一种NFC手机支付铁氧体磁屏蔽材料,其主晶相为尖晶石结构,分子结构表达式为Ni0.34-xZn0.48+xCu0.18Fe1.98O4,其中0<x≤0.01;
主配方由分析纯的原料NiO、ZnO、CuO、Fe2O3按摩尔比:
NiO:ZnO:CuO:Fe2O3=(0.34-x):(0.48+x):0.18:0.99构成,其中0<x≤0.01。
掺杂剂为Bi2O3、Co2O3和CaCO3,其中Bi2O3:0.5wt%,Co2O3:0.4wt%,CaCO3:0.04wt%~0.06wt%。
其在工作频点13.56MHz时起始磁导率195~205,品质因数50~60。制备的预烧温度为950℃,烧结温度为900℃,预烧温度高于最终的烧结温度。
上述NFC手机支付铁氧体磁屏蔽材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:以NiO、ZnO、CuO和Fe2O3为初始原料,按摩尔比NiO:ZnO:CuO:Fe2O3=(0.34-x):(0.48+x):0.18:0.99,0<x≤0.01,配料,然后一次球磨后烘干;
步骤二:将步骤一所得的一次球磨烘干料过筛后在坩埚中压实打孔,按3℃/分的升温速率升至950℃进行预烧,再保温2小时,随炉冷却到室温得到预烧料;
步骤三:将步骤二所得的预烧料从坩埚中取出后放入研钵中进行粗粉粹,然后加入预烧料重量百分比0.5wt%Bi2O3、0.4wt%Co2O3和0.04~0.06wt%CaCO3三种掺杂剂后,在球磨机中进行二次球磨,球磨至粉料的平均粒度在1微米以下,然后将其烘干;
步骤四:在步骤三得到的二次球磨烘干料中加入相当于二次球磨烘干料重量的10%~15%的PVA溶液进行造粒并压制成形;
步骤五:将步骤四所得的样品放入烧结炉中,以2℃/分的升温速率升温至300℃保温1小时排水,然后再以2℃/分的升温速率升温至600℃保温1小时排胶,然后再以2℃/分的升温速率升温至900℃保温3~4小时,最后随炉冷却至室温即得NFC手机支付铁氧体磁屏蔽材料。
本发明首先在NiCuZn铁氧体材料的主配方设计上优化了Ni、Zn、Cu以及Fe离子的比例,最终确定其配方,以兼顾材料在13.56MHz时高磁导率和高品质因数的综合要求。Ni和Zn的比例需严格限制在一个很小的区间内,如果Zn含量稍多一些,会导致材料截止频率下降,在13.56MHz时的品质因数将大幅下降;而如果Ni的含量再稍多一些,又会导致材料在13.56MHz时磁导率的显著下降,达不到高磁导率的要求。同时将主配方中Cu离子的含量优化确认为0.18,一方面能够确保材料能够比较容易实现低温烧结,另一方面不会对磁导率构成太大的影响。而略为缺铁的配方设计,一方面是为了提高材料体系的磁导率和电阻率,另一方面也不会导致材料体系中产生另相,导致磁损耗增加。在材料掺杂改性过程中,同时复合掺入了3种掺杂改性剂,分别发挥不同的作用:其中0.5wt%Bi2O3掺入的主要目的是促进材料的低温烧结,不光有利于提升材料品质因数,而且在后期加工NFC磁片时,较低的烧结温度也有利于防止磁片产生翘曲;0.4wt%Co2O3掺入的主要目的是增大磁晶各向异性常数K1,在畴壁处形成能谷,促使畴壁产生钉扎效应,冻结畴壁和增大畴壁移动难度,一方面虽然导致了磁导率的下降,但另一方面却提高了畴壁共振的频率值,使得材料在13.56MHz时的品质因数可以大幅的提高。但Co2O3掺杂量必须严格控制在0.4wt%,稍微的增多或减少都会导致磁导率或品质因数的显著下降。0.04~0.06wt%CaCO3掺杂的目的是在抑制晶粒生长及均匀化晶粒,可以在几乎不影响磁导率的前提下提升材料体系的品质因数。以上三种掺杂剂必须严格按各自的配比一起使用才能达到预定的效果。另外还有一点需要注意的是:这种磁屏蔽材料相对于传统的低温烧结NiCuZn铁氧体有比较明显的区别,它的预烧温度为950度,烧结温度为900度,预烧温度比最终的烧结温度还更高,这样做的目的一方面是降低材料最终的收缩率,更有利于磁片的加工,另一方面可细化晶粒,提升材料在高频时的品质因数。
综上所述,本发明的优点在于:
1、本发明提供的NFC手机支付铁氧体磁屏蔽材料,其在13.56MHz时起始磁导率195~205,品质因数50~60,比目前报道的在相同频率下具有相同品质因数的NFC磁屏蔽铁氧体材料磁导率高出30%~40%,能够更好的提高NFC天线的作用距离和实施效果。
2、本发明提供的NFC手机支付铁氧体磁屏蔽材料,其预烧温度超过了烧结温度,烧结收缩主要在预烧时完成,材料最终的烧结收缩率只有10%左右,相比常规铁氧体约15%左右的收缩率有较大程度的下降,更好的保证了加工NFC磁片时不容易出现翘曲开裂。
3、本发明提供的NFC手机支付铁氧体磁屏蔽材料生产原料便宜,工艺简单,操作方便且成本低。
附图说明
图1为本发明高磁导率NFC铁氧体磁屏蔽材料制备工艺流程图;
图2为实施例得到的高磁导率NFC铁氧体磁屏蔽材料磁导率和品质因数随频率的变化。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例与附图对本发明做进一步的说明。
一种高磁导率NFC铁氧体磁屏蔽材料,其特征在于,该铁氧体材料的主相为尖晶石结构,其分子结构表达式为Ni0.34Zn0.48Cu0.18Fe1.98O4。在上述NiCuZn铁氧体配方的基础上,同时采用Bi2O3、Co2O3和CaCO3三种材料共同作为掺杂剂,其中Bi2O3:0.5wt%,Co2O3:0.4wt%,CaCO3:0.05wt%。
其制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:以NiO、ZnO、CuO、Fe2O3为初始原料,按摩尔比NiO:ZnO:CuO:Fe2O3=0.34:0.48:0.18:0.99的比例折算出NiO、ZnO、CuO和Fe2O3的质量百分比,进行称料、混料、一次球磨后烘干;
步骤二:将步骤一所得的一次球磨烘干料过筛后在坩埚中压实打孔,按3℃/分的升温速率升至950℃进行预烧,保温2小时,随炉冷却到室温得到预烧料;
步骤三:将步骤二所得的预烧料从坩埚中取出后放入研钵中进行粗粉粹,然后加入预烧料重量百分比0.5wt%Bi2O3、0.4wt%Co2O3和0.05wt%CaCO3三种掺杂剂后,在球磨机中进行二次球磨,二次球磨后粉料的平均粒度控制在1微米以下,然后将二次球磨料烘干;
步骤四:在步骤三得到的二次球磨烘干料中加入相当于二次球磨烘干料重量的15%具体化的PVA溶液进行造粒并压制成圆环形;
步骤五:将步骤四所得的样品放入烧结炉中,以2℃/分的升温速率升温至300℃保温1小时排水,然后再以2℃/分的升温速率升温至600℃保温1小时排胶,然后再以2℃/分的升温速率升温至900℃保温4小时,最后随炉冷却至室温得到所述的高磁导率铁氧体磁屏蔽材料。
其中,步骤一中所述的NiO、ZnO、CuO、Fe2O3原料均为分析纯。
步骤一中所述一次球磨时,料:球:水=1:3:1.2,球磨时间为6h,一次球磨后烘干的温度为100℃。
步骤三中所述二次球磨时,料:球:水=1:3:1.2,球磨时间为6h,二次球磨后烘干的温度为100℃。
本实施例得到的NFC手机支付铁氧体磁屏蔽材料的性能为:在13.56MHz时磁导率198,品质因数55。
Claims (4)
1.一种NFC手机支付铁氧体磁屏蔽材料,其特征在于:该铁氧体材料的主晶相为尖晶石结构,分子结构表达式为Ni0.34-xZn0.48+xCu0.18Fe1.98O4,其中0<x≤0.01;
主配方由分析纯的原料NiO、ZnO、CuO、Fe2O3按摩尔比:
NiO:ZnO:CuO:Fe2O3=(0.34-x):(0.48+x):0.18:0.99构成,其中0<x≤0.01;
掺杂剂为Bi2O3、Co2O3和CaCO3,其中Bi2O3:0.5wt%,Co2O3:0.4wt%,CaCO3:0.04wt%~0.06wt%。
2.如权利要求1所述NFC手机支付铁氧体磁屏蔽材料,其特征在于:在工作频点13.56MHz时起始磁导率195~205,品质因数50~60。
3.如权利要求1所述NFC手机支付铁氧体磁屏蔽材料,其特征在于:制备的预烧温度为950℃,烧结温度为900℃,预烧温度高于最终的烧结温度。
4.如权利要求1所述NFC手机支付铁氧体磁屏蔽材料的制备方法,包括以下具体步骤:
步骤一:以NiO、ZnO、CuO和Fe2O3为初始原料,按摩尔比NiO:ZnO:CuO:Fe2O3=(0.34-x):(0.48+x):0.18:0.99,0<x≤0.01,配料,然后一次球磨后烘干;
步骤二:将步骤一所得的一次球磨烘干料过筛后在坩埚中压实打孔,按3℃/分的升温速率升至950℃进行预烧,再保温2小时,随炉冷却到室温得到预烧料;
步骤三:将步骤二所得的预烧料从坩埚中取出后放入研钵中进行粗粉粹,然后加入预烧料重量百分比0.5wt%Bi2O3、0.4wt%Co2O3和0.04~0.06wt%CaCO3三种掺杂剂后,在球磨机中进行二次球磨,球磨至粉料的平均粒度在1微米以下,然后将其烘干;
步骤四:在步骤三得到的二次球磨烘干料中加入相当于二次球磨烘干料重量的10%~15%的PVA溶液进行造粒并压制成形;
步骤五:将步骤四所得样品放入烧结炉中,以2℃/分的升温速率升温至300℃保温1小时排水,然后再以2℃/分的升温速率升温至600℃保温1小时排胶,然后再以2℃/分的升温速率升温至900℃保温3~4小时,最后随炉冷却至室温即得NFC手机支付铁氧体磁屏蔽材料。
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