CN105766794A - Breeding method for improving reproductive performance of Landrace sows - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding method for improving reproductive performance of Landrace sows. The method comprises steps as follows: (1) self-help feeding is adopted when the sows are lighter than 60 kg, and the feed intake is limited to be 80%-82% of the maximum self-help feed intake when the sows are 60 kg and 5 months old; (2) the sows which are 6-7 months old are hybridized, limited feeding of pregnancy feed for the sows in cooperation with green feed is started, and 0.5-0.6 g of N-carbamylglutamate is added to every kilogram of the pregnancy feed for the sows; (3) feeding is not performed after delivery, each sow is fed with 0.5-1.5 kg of the lactation feed in cooperation with the green feed daily 2-4 days later, self-help feeding is adopted in the lactation period; (4) lactating sows are hybridized again one week after ablactation, the sows are fed with pregnancy feed, the step is repeated until being obsoleted. With the adoption of the method, according to physical development characteristics of the Landrace sows, feeding of different feed at different stages is performed, the reproductive performance of the Landrace sows is improved, the production efficiency is improved, and the survival rate of piglets and the ablactation survival rate are increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cultural technique field, a kind of cultural method improving female Landrace reproductive performance.
Background technology
Landrace originates in Denmark, is the foremost bacon type kind of first incubation in the world, and it is that Denmark this locality pig hybridizes with white, being formed through long-term system seed selection, because of its body body speciality, hair color is the whitest, therefore it is referred to as Landrace in China, it is world-renowned bacon hogs kind.
Landrace has that growth is fast, efficiency of feed utilization high, lean meat percentage high, and sows farrowing is more, milk is relatively sufficient, the more high production performance of weight of weaning litter is with the obvious advantage, genetic stability, crossbreeding effect is notable, so, various places are extensively used as the male parent of hybridization at home, and the performance growth of its hybrid is fast, saves feed, ketoboidies lean meat percentage is high, is quite welcome by the masses.
The reproductive trait genetic force of female Landrace is low, and major part variation is caused by environment.The Growth Traits of pig typically broadly falls into medium heritability proterties, because Growth Traits is both by inherent cause considerable influence, simultaneously also by trophic level and environment large effect.The reproductive performance of female Landrace to be improved, in addition to the sow that correct superseded production performance is low, the feeding and management of Landrace to be done a good job of it, fully meet the Landrace needs to various nutriments, the diet of offer science, strengthen the management of Landrace, the most just can give full play to the reproductive performance of Landrace, improve the economic benefit raised pigs.
At present for improving the research of sow reproductive performance, it is mostly focused on and how to improve its nutrition supply aspect, relate to for aquaculture management is the most fewer.Only have the disclosed cultural method promoting sow reproductive performance of China Patent Publication No. CN105165721A (publication date 2015.12.23), including pig house construction, meals design and daily management, by improving the ventilation of pig house, illumination, sanitary condition, have additional nutrients fair supply.
Although the pig of different cultivars substantially demand is identical, but still having own physiological feature, there is difference in the demand for external environment and nutriment.For the feature of female Landrace, how to design applicable cultural method and could improve its reproductive performance, there is presently no relevant report.
Summary of the invention
In order to improve the reproductive performance of female Landrace further, improve cultivation efficiency, the invention provides a kind of cultural method improving female Landrace reproductive performance.
The cultural method improving female Landrace reproductive performance that the present invention provides, comprises the following steps:
(1) body weight is less than free choice feeding during 60kg, body weight 60kg～6 monthly age limit feed intakes are the 80～82% of maximum voluntary feed intake, and containing crude protein 17～18wt%, lysine 0.9～1.0wt%, calcium 0.8～0.9wt% in daily ration, phosphorus 0.7～0.8wt%, N-carbamylglutamic acid 0.01～0.02wt%；
(2) 6 monthly ages～7 monthly ages breed, and start restricted scale of rationing sow gestation phase feed formulation green forage, add N-carbamylglutamic acid 0.5～0.6g in every kg sow gestation phase feed；
(3) not feeding in postpartum, feed 2nd～4 day every pig day 0.5～1.5kg lactation feed formulation green forage, lactation free choice feeding, lactation feed need containing crude protein 20～25wt%, salt 1.9～2.1wt%, salt 20g, calcium 3.8～4.5wt% and phosphorus 2.5～3.0wt%, and 3-Hydroxyretinol 300 units/kg, calciferol 20 units/kg；
(4) milking sow breeds after weaning one week again, feeds sow gestation phase feed, repeats this step to eliminating.
Female Landrace is at different growth phases, nutritional need is different, the present invention is directed to its physiological development feature, feed stage by stage, feed adds before and after breeding N-carbamylglutamic acid to some extent, being equipped with other compositions, it is possible to remarkably promote the maturation of growing of sow sexual organ, substantially 6 monthly ages just can reach requirement of breeding.Gestational period restricted scale of rationing with the addition of the sow gestation phase feed of N-carbamylglutamic acid, it is possible to promotes early embryonic development and embryo nidation, beneficially embryonic development, increases average nest litter size and litter weight.
The method of the present invention is i.e. bred after Landrace grows into 6 monthly ages sexual development maturation, early than the 8 conventional monthly ages, although the Farrowing Traits of the first tire and fostering perfomance are the highest, but follow-up parity can increased in these two aspects, the 8 total production performances of tire are better than the result (Landrace production performance after the 8th tire declines substantially, has therefore produced the 8th tire and can eliminate) of other existing reports.The present invention feeds the nutritional labeling of appetite and feed by conservative control, probability (it has been reported that just joining the age may be the reason that wean sow is out of heat or postpones estrus time too early) out of heat after can effectively reducing sow wean, can again breed after one week, improve production efficiency.Can be that actual production provides certain guidance.
Wherein, the daily ration fed in step (1) is conventional feed, and special requirement, such as, do not feed commercially available pig complete feed.Commercial goods can also directly be bought by sow gestation phase feed, the such as hundred suitable brands such as cloud, Parkson feed can.Lactation, feed can buy the product of the brands such as Ai Nuosi, middle grain farmer, gold card.Green forage refers to can serve as the fresh cauline leaf of plant of feed, including legume such as alfalfa, clover, daghestan sweet clover, fodder food beans, pea, Chinese milk vetch, broad bean etc., grass such as corn, grain, barnyard grass, wheat class etc., other plant such as bitter fiber crops dish, water hyacinth, three-coloured amaranth, carrot, sweet potato stem and leaf etc..
As a kind of preferred version, in the cultural method of above-mentioned raising female Landrace reproductive performance, restricted scale of rationing in step (2) method particularly includes: first half period of gestation every pig day feeds 1.8～1.9kg, increasing to second trimester of pregnancy every pig day feed 2.0～2.1kg, latter half of gestation continues to increase to every pig day feed 3.5～4.0kg.
The main target of gestation period feeding is to promote that it produces healthy young quantity, improves porkling Birth weight, and sow intestines and stomach to be taken exercise make it reach full growth, and increases volume to ensure to search for food in a large number to meet piglet demand lactation.It has been reported that sow is limited by the gestational period raises the incidence adding constipation, the most do not limit feed efficiency fruit better, but experiment finds for female Landrace, the gestational period does not limit to raise and easilys lead to sow overfertilization and difficult labour problem, piglet survival ratio declines, therefore, for female Landrace, suitably limit is raised is preferable mode.
As a kind of preferred version, in the cultural method of above-mentioned raising female Landrace reproductive performance, the amount ratio of first half period of gestation and sow gestation in mid-term phase feed and green forage is 7:3, and sow heavy in pig gestational period feed is 8:2 with the amount ratio of green forage.Being properly added of green forage provides enough potassium ions, it is possible to suppression concentration of serum sodium, adds feed palatability simultaneously, promotes sow feed, it is also possible to reduce the constipation problem of sow gestation phase.
As a kind of preferred version, in the cultural method of above-mentioned raising female Landrace reproductive performance, described in step (4), green forage is sweet potato stem and leaf.Sweet potato stem and leaf water content is moderate, and juice enriches, and the few good palatability of crude fibre, sow is preferred to eat.
As a kind of preferred version, in the cultural method of above-mentioned raising female Landrace reproductive performance, in step (1), when female Landrace body weight 60kg～5 monthly age, 4～5/hurdle hives off raising, it is simple to detection of oestrus, breeding.
The cultural method improving female Landrace reproductive performance that the present invention provides, has the advantages that
The present invention is directed to the physiological development feature of female Landrace different growing stages, divide forage feed stage by stage, sexual development maturation is i.e. bred later, the gestational period and science lactation feed, ensure that the good of its piglet grows and the enough lactations of sow, after the complete wean of lactation one week, sow can breed again, improves production efficiency, adds Farrowing Traits.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make those skilled in the art be more fully understood that the present invention program, below will the present invention is described in further detail according to detailed description of the invention.
Embodiment 1
In Landrace feeding environment, temperature is 15～21 DEG C, and humidity is 40～80%, sunny, well-ventilated, and air is fresh.
(1) select 240 female Landrace, be divided into control group and experimental group, often group 120, when body weight is less than 60kg, all feed complete feed, free choice feeding.Body weight 60kg～5 monthly age limit feed intakes are the 82% of maximum voluntary feed intake, and containing crude protein 18wt%, lysine 0.9wt%, calcium 0.8～0.9wt%, phosphorus 0.8wt%, N-carbamylglutamic acid 0.01wt% in daily ration；Control group fed complete feed, free choice feeding.Experimental group and the equal 4～5/hurdle of control group hive off raising.
(2) experimental group was growing to for 6 monthly ages～7 monthly ages carried out breed (qualification uses the mode of human assistance to breed after oestrusing), start restricted scale of rationing sow gestation phase feed formulation sweet potato stem and leaf, every kg sow gestation phase feed adds N-carbamylglutamic acid 0.6g.The amount ratio of first half period of gestation and sow gestation in mid-term phase feed and sweet potato stem and leaf is 7:3, and sow heavy in pig gestational period feed is 8:2 with the amount ratio of sweet potato stem and leaf.First half period of gestation (breeding was by 30 days) every pig day feeds 1.8～1.9kg, increasing to feed every pig day 2.0～2.1kg second trimester of pregnancy (30～80 days), latter half of gestation (80 days～childbirth) continues to increase to every pig day feed 3.5～4.0kg.
Control group 8 monthly age is identified and uses the mode of human assistance to breed after oestrusing, and feeds sow gestation phase feed after breeding.Breed and feed about 2.0kg 30 day every day, within 30～80 days, feed 2.3～2.5kg, 80 days～childbirth feeding every day 2.5～3kg.
(3) experimental group not feeding in postpartum, feed 2nd～4 day every pig day 0.5～1.5kg lactation feed formulation green forage, lactation free choice feeding, lactation feed need containing crude protein 20～25wt%, salt 1.9～2.1wt%, salt 20g, calcium 3.8～4.5wt% and phosphorus 2.5～3.0wt%, and 3-Hydroxyretinol 300 units/kg, calciferol 20 units/kg.
Control group not feeding in postpartum, feeds 1.5 kilograms of digestible mixed feeds, increases by 0.5 kilogram later every day on the the 2nd～3 day, and the 7th day postpartum fed quantity-unlimiting.
(4) milking sow breeds after weaning one week again, feeds sow gestation phase feed, repeats this step and eliminates to the 8th tire.
Add up two groups of sow reproductive traits, including litter size, number born alive, weigth at birth, 20 age in days litter weights, wean young number, weight of weaning litter.Result see table:
Table 1 sow reproductive performance (8 tires are average)
| Experimental group | Control group | |
| Litter size (head) | 13.24 | 12.39 |
| Number born alive (head) | 12.63 | 11.64 |
| Weigth at birth (kg) | 17.53 | 16.45 |
| Nascent survival rate (%) | 95.39 | 93.94 |
| 20 age in days litter weights (kg) | 56.75 | 54.98 |
| The young number (head) of wean | 11.83 | 10.56 |
| Number of weaned (%) | 93.67% | 90.72 |
By the feeding method of the present invention, it is possible to significantly improve the reproductive performance of sow, increasing piglet survival ratio and number of weaned, the more conventional method of the most whole process shortens the cycle, improves production efficiency.
The explanation of above example is only intended to help to understand the core concept of the present invention.It should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to the present invention is carried out some improvement and modification, these improve and modify in the protection domain also falling into the claims in the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the cultural method improving female Landrace reproductive performance, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) body weight is less than free choice feeding during 60kg, and body weight 60kg～5 monthly age limit feed intakes are maximum free
Containing crude protein 17～18wt%, lysine 0.9～1.0wt%, calcium in 80～82%, and daily ration of feed intake
0.8～0.9wt%, phosphorus 0.7～0.8wt%, N-carbamylglutamic acid 0.01～0.02wt%；
(2) 6 monthly ages～7 monthly ages breed, and start restricted scale of rationing sow gestation phase feed formulation green forage,
Every kg sow gestation phase feed adds N-carbamylglutamic acid 0.5～0.6g；
(3) not feeding in postpartum, feed the 2nd～4 day every pig day 0.5～1.5kg lactation feed formulation green forage,
Lactation, free choice feeding, needed in feed containing crude protein 20～25wt%, salt 1.9～2.1wt%, food lactation
Salt 20g, calcium 3.8～4.5wt% and phosphorus 2.5～3.0wt%, and 3-Hydroxyretinol 300 units/kg, vitamin
D220 unit/kg；
(4) milking sow breeds after weaning one week again, feeds sow gestation phase feed, repeats this step
Rapid to eliminating.
The cultural method of raising female Landrace reproductive performance the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In, restricted scale of rationing in step (2) method particularly includes: feed 1.8～1.9kg first half period of gestation every pig day, pregnant
Being pregnent and increase to mid-term every pig day feed 2.0～2.1kg, latter half of gestation continues to increase to feed every pig day
3.5～4.0kg.
The cultural method of raising female Landrace reproductive performance the most according to claim 2, its feature exists
In, the amount ratio of first half period of gestation and sow gestation in mid-term phase feed and green forage is 7:3, latter half of gestation
Sow gestation phase feed is 8:2 with the amount ratio of green forage.
The cultural method of raising female Landrace reproductive performance the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In, described in step (4), green forage is sweet potato stem and leaf.
The cultural method of raising female Landrace reproductive performance the most according to claim 1, its feature exists
In, in step (1), when female Landrace body weight 60kg～6 monthly age, 4～5/hurdle hives off raising.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN106234303A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-12-21 | 董标 | A kind of improve the method that sow breeds performance |
| CN107079874A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-08-22 | 浙江美保龙种猪育种有限公司 | It is a kind of to improve the breeding method that U.S.A is great Bai replacement gilt Oestrus rates |
| CN107484713A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-12-19 | 安徽正宏现代农业生态科技发展有限公司 | The cultural method of one broad sow |
| CN108450408A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-08-28 | 灵川县億旺养殖专业合作社 | A kind of feeding method of perinatal period sow |
| CN111149764A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-15 | 四川农业大学 | Accurate feeding method for improving breeding rate of replacement gilts |
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| CN108450408A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-08-28 | 灵川县億旺养殖专业合作社 | A kind of feeding method of perinatal period sow |
| CN111149764A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-15 | 四川农业大学 | Accurate feeding method for improving breeding rate of replacement gilts |
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