CN105764472A - 油包甘油型乳剂 - Google Patents
油包甘油型乳剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105764472A CN105764472A CN201480064054.2A CN201480064054A CN105764472A CN 105764472 A CN105764472 A CN 105764472A CN 201480064054 A CN201480064054 A CN 201480064054A CN 105764472 A CN105764472 A CN 105764472A
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- oil
- lip
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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Abstract
本发明在一个方面提供油包甘油型乳剂,其包含:(i)包含一种或多种局部可接受的油的连续相;(ii)包含甘油和水的间断相;和(iii)足以给间断相提供粘度和凝聚力的用量的阴离子型多糖。在一些实施方案中,该乳剂还包含电解质,例如硫酸镁,其用量足以将间断相的液滴大小控制在不超过40微米。还提供了制备所述乳剂的方法。
Description
相关申请
本申请要求2013年12月17日提交的美国专利申请顺序号US14/108,835的优先权,将该文献的内容完整地引入本文参考。
技术领域
本发明一般性涉及局部施用于人表皮(包括皮肤和唇)的方法和组合物。更具体地,本发明涉及稳定的油包甘油型乳剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
乳剂是由两个或多个部分或完全不能混合的液体或固体相组成的系统,其中一相以液滴的形式分散于另一相中。乳剂构成各种工业中的重要产品类型,包括食品、化学品和药品工业。许多化妆品和个人护理产品(例如遮瑕膏、乳膏剂、洗剂和睫毛膏)是乳剂。常用的乳剂的实例包括油包水型、水包油型、水包硅酮型和硅酮包水型乳剂。乳剂中的每一相还可以包含颗粒相,例如颜料。
然而,乳剂对制剂提出了挑战,因为连续相和间断相内在地不能混合且由此随时间具有相分离的趋势,以便将两个或多个分子种类之间的热力学不利性相互作用降至最低。已知乳剂因去稳定过程(例如絮凝、凝聚和奥斯特瓦尔德熟化)发生相分离。这种不稳定性可以因温度极限而加剧。为了在商业上具有活力,乳剂应当显示足够的稳定性以便在运输和储存环境中长时间存在。例如,化妆品通常在它们暴露于高于和低于标准室温(~72°F)的条件下运输。产品必须在这些温度极限下稳定,以便可以将它们以适合于商业化销售的形式运送给消费者。此外,商业上可接受的化妆品还必须是贮存稳定的,使得它们在长时间储存时不会显示出不正常的分离度,所述的储存时间典型地为1、2-3年且甚至在一些情况中是更长的时间。这些不能混合的液体或固体从乳剂和融合中分离的趋势破坏了这些目标。
已经关注油包甘油型和硅酮包甘油型乳剂,特别是用于皮肤和唇的产品,因为甘油是保持皮肤湿度的有效的保湿剂。油包甘油型乳剂因其在连续相与间断相之间的化学配伍禁忌和大密度差而特别不稳。甚至在增容剂、乳化剂等的存在下,使这类乳剂接触高温或交替热和冷温度(通常在化妆品的运输和储存过程)导致大规模相分离,其通常表现为间断(内)相从连续(外)相中浸出。这类稳定性问题对于消费者而言是不可接受的,因为消费者一般可能将具有分离的相的或具有相之间的浸出的产品视为不令人满意的。此外,不稳定性可以导致组合物的功能性和递送的部分或完全丧失。例如,如果相分离发生,则内相中的显汗(脱水收缩)可能发生,导致消费者的涂布不均匀或散乱。
近期增加油包甘油型稳定性的尝试报道在AvonProducts公司的美国公布号US2011/0147259中,将该文献的公开内容完整地引入本文参考,其涉及三羟基硬脂精和12-羟基硬脂酸在构造连续油相中的用途。油包甘油型乳剂对于反复的冻融循环是稳定的。尽管该方法通过构造连续油相成功地实现了稳定性,但是美国公布号US2011/0147259未描述构造用于稳定油包甘油型乳剂的内部甘油相。此外,在固体或半固体乳剂的情况中,配制者需要考量得比内相的Stokes沉降多。例如,在具有液体内相和固体外相的乳剂的情况中,需要平衡两相的机械特性。
因此,本发明的目的在于提供用于施用于人表皮(包括皮肤和唇)的组合物,其包含具有随时间改善的稳定性或在暴露于极端温度时改善的稳定性的油包甘油型或硅酮包甘油型乳剂。
发明内容
根据上述目的和另外的目的,本发明提供稳定的油包甘油型乳剂和用于稳定油包甘油型乳剂的方法。将所述乳剂作为用于局部施用于人表皮(例如毛发、睫毛、指甲、皮肤、唇等)、特别是面部和口唇皮肤的组合物(例如化妆品或治疗剂)提供。
本发明的油包甘油型乳剂典型地由约25%-约95%(w/w)连续外油相和约5%-约75%(w/w)间断内甘油相组成。外相可以包括任意局部可接受的油(例如酯油、植物油、烃油、硅油等)和这类油的组合,其用量占外相重量的约50%-约100%。外相还可以任选地包含一种或多种蜡(例如微晶蜡、聚乙烯蜡、地蜡等),其用量占外相重量的约0.1-30%。乳剂可以是固体形式,其含义是它们是独立式的,且可以具有至少30g的穿透值。间断内相包含用量占该间断内相重量约10%-约99%重量(更典型地约55%-约95%重量)的甘油。内相包含一定量的水,但比例较少(例如占乳剂重量的约0.1%-约14%重量),并且还包含能够构造或增稠甘油相的试剂(例如多糖增稠剂,例如阴离子型增稠剂,特别是黄原胶),其用量有效地增加甘油相的粘度(例如占乳剂重量的约0.1-5%重量)。电解质(例如水溶性盐,例如NaCl、MgSO4等)可以任选地以有效地改变流变性且特别是降低增稠的内部甘油相的粘液流变性的用量添加(例如乳剂重量的约0.001-2%或0.01-1%)。可以任选地包括乳化剂作为任一相的成分,典型地用量占总乳剂重量的约0.01%-约6%。稳定乳剂以便提供在零食产品可能遇到的室温或温度极限下该零售产品的更长的寿命。例如,乳剂可以是稳定的,即不存在可见的相分离的时间比在其它方面相同的油包甘油型乳剂长至少10%、20%、50%或至少100%,所述在其它方面相同的的油包甘油型乳剂中不存在构造或增稠甘油相的试剂(例如黄原胶),包括在约49℃(乃至60℃)下储存延长的时间期限后,例如12小时、1天、2天、3天、4天、5天、6天、1周、2周、3周、4周等之后。该乳剂可以具有高于或低于40微米的内相液滴大小,但典型地具有小于约30微米、小于约20微米或小于约10微米的最大液滴大小(例如约1-10微米)。可以将油包甘油型乳剂掺入适合于涂布于唇、皮肤或眼部区域上的化妆品组合物,包括,例如,口唇产品,例如口唇乳膏、唇膏、保湿唇膏、含药的口唇处理产品、口唇保湿剂、口唇化妆品、口唇防晒霜和口唇香精。
可以通过一种方法制备油包甘油型乳剂,该方法包含下列步骤:将间断相、包含甘油的内部甘油相、水、增稠剂(例如黄原胶)和任选的电解质(例如NaCl或MgSO4)添加到连续的外部油相中,同时维持剪切力在适合于将间断相的液滴大小降至不超过约40微米的范围内(典型地施加约6-30m/s的剪切力)。在添加至油相中之前,内相的流变学特征可以为当在振动应力扫描过程中接触100Pa的振动应力时具有低于2Pa·s的复数粘度,所述振动应力扫描使用具有500微米平行板几何间隙的TAG2应力控制流变仪在25℃温度和1Hz的角频率下进行。
本发明的这些和其它方面在阅读如下的本发明详细描述包括待批权利要求之后对于本领域技术人员而言显而易见。
附图说明
图1显示在不同浓度(整个乳剂重量的0.1%或0.05%)阴离子型多糖黄原胶并且任选添加电解质至包含阴离子型多糖的间断相的条件下作为间断内部甘油相的振动剪切应力的函数的储能模量(G’)。
图2显示使用甘油和水(“A”);甘油、水和黄原胶(“B”);和甘油、水、黄原胶和硫酸镁(“C”)的样品的粘液流变性。
详细描述
有关重量百分比提供的所有用量均是相对于整个乳剂而言(即包括内部间断相和外部连续相),另有描述的除外。为了测定相对于整个乳剂的成分重量百分比的目的,将任意不溶性颜料相视为油相的组成部分。应当理解,在指定组合物中的所有重量百分比总和不超过100%。
术语“主要由…组成”意指仅包括那些实质上不改变本发明乳剂的基本和新特征的成分,包括、但不限于乳剂的稳定性、内相液滴大小和/或乳剂内相的流变性。
本文所用的术语“无水的”是指非有意识地添加水、但可以包括痕量的吸附或从空气中吸收的水份的组合物。本文所用的术语“基本上无水的”是指可以包括至多5%重量的水、但典型地包含低于约2.5%重量的水或低于约1%重量的水的组合物。在一些实施方案中,本发明的内相可以是无水的或基本上无水的。在一些实施方案中,制备内相的甘油也可以是无水的或基本上无水的。
本文所用的术语“油”意指包括硅油,另有注解的除外。术语“油”意指包括挥发性和/或不挥发性油。术语“内”相和“间断”相是同义词,照此术语“外”相和“连续”相是同义词。术语“甘油(glycerin)”和“甘油醇(glycerol)”是同义词且可以互换使用。
本发明的组合物用于施用于人表皮系统,包括皮肤、唇、指甲、毛发和其它角质表面。本文所用的术语“角质表面”是指包含角蛋白的人皮肤系统的部分,包括、但不限于哺乳动物、优选人类的皮肤、唇、毛发(包括眉毛和睫毛)和指甲(脚趾甲、指甲、甲上皮等)。“角蛋白纤维”包括头皮、睫毛、眉毛、面毛和体毛,例如臂、腿的毛等。
本发明的乳剂一般是油包多元醇型乳剂,其包含间断的内部多元醇(例如甘油)相和连续的外部油相。内相典型地占整个乳剂重量的约5%-约65%。更典型地,内相占整个乳剂重量的约15%-约45%。外相典型地占整个乳剂重量的约25%-约90%。更典型地,外相占整个乳剂重量的约55%-约85%。
内相中包括的适合的多元醇类包括、但不限于C2-6多元醇类,例如乙二醇、丙二醇、丁二醇、2-甲-2,4-戊二醇、山梨醇、二甘醇和甘油。在一些实施方案中,内相包含甘油、在一些实施方案中,内相包含甘油与一种或多种另外的C2-6多元醇成分的组合。在一些情况中,内相包含甘油作为内相的主要或占优势的C2-6多元醇成分。典型地,内相包含甘油作为唯一的内相的C2-6多元醇成分。理想地,C2-6多元醇是能够给皮肤或唇提供保湿有益性的多元醇。
为了抑制内相的Stokes沉降,可以使液体外相增稠或增加其粘度(“赋予一种结构给它”),减小内相的液滴大小或平衡各相的密度比率。具体地,为了提高乳剂的稳定性,通常的行为在于增加乳剂的连续(外)相的粘度,正如美国公布号US2011/0147259中报道的,将该文献的公开内容引入本文参考。然而,两人惊奇地发现,构造内相(例如通过使用阴离子型多糖增稠剂)甚至在没有构造外相的情况下也可以改善乳剂的稳定性。
可以增加内部甘油相的粘度的任意构造剂被关注为适合的。在一些实施方案中,增稠剂(例如多糖增稠剂)用于构造乳剂的甘油相。在不同的实施方案中,约0.005%-5%、约0.01-4%、约0.05-2%、约0.1-1%或约0.1-0.4%重量的增稠剂(例如多糖增稠剂)可以用于有效地增稠内相且由此稳定乳剂。
多糖增稠剂/构造剂包括、但不限于天然植物树胶,例如琼脂、藻酸、藻酸钠和角叉菜胶、阿拉伯树胶、印度胶、黄蓍树胶、卡拉胶(Karavagum)、瓜尔胶(gaurgum)、豆角胶、β葡聚糖类、糖胶树胶、达玛胶、葡甘露聚糖、乳香胶(Masticgum)、车前子外壳、云杉树胶(Sprucegum)、他拉胶、胶凝糖和黄原胶;或合成纤维质增稠剂,例如羧甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟基丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素等。
在其它实施方案中,增稠剂包含非多糖增稠剂、主要由它们组成或由它们组成。例如,丙烯酸的聚合物和共聚物包括丙烯酸酯类共聚物(INCI)被关注为适合的。然而,已经发现使用基于丙烯酸酯类的增稠剂在将电解质添加到内相的实施方案中的期望度较低。因此,在一些实施方案中,组合物基本上不含丙烯酸酯共聚物增稠剂,即它们不存在或以不对乳剂稳定性产生实质影响的低水平存在。在另外的实施方案中,组合物基本上不含二氧化硅和无机粘土增稠剂(例如膨润土),即它们不存在或以不对乳剂稳定性产生实质影响的低水平存在。在一个实施方案中,构造剂包含黄原胶、主要由其组成或由其组成。
在一些实施方案中,内相由如下成分组成:(1)约5%-约100%(例如约10-95%、约20-85%、约30-80%或约40-75%)重量的甘油;(2)占乳剂总重约0.001%-约5%(例如约0.005-3%或约0.01%-2%或约0.05-1.5%或约0.1-1%)重量的能够增加甘油相粘度的增稠剂(例如阴离子型多糖,例如黄原胶);(3)占乳剂总重约1%-约14%(例如约1-12%或约2-10%或约3-8%或约3-5%)重量的水;(4)任选的约0.001%-约5%(例如约0.01-3%或约0.05-2.5%或约0.1-2%)重量的电解质,例如IA族或IIA族金属的溶于内相的盐(例如NaCl、CaCl2、MgCl2、MgSO4等);(5)任选的约0.1-约15%重量的乳化剂;和(6)任选的约0.001%-约30%重量的另外的溶于或分散于内相的成分,包括、但不限于水溶性或水可分散的成膜聚合物、另外的流变性调节剂、稳定剂、分散剂、保湿剂(例如另外的C3-24多元醇,例如丙二醇、糖醇类、山梨醇、木糖醇、丁二醇、聚甘油等)、活性成分(例如胶原酶抑制剂、弹性酶抑制剂、胶原蛋白刺激剂、脱色剂、脱屑剂等)、抗微生物剂、防腐剂、pH调节剂、着色剂、香料、香精等。
在一些实施方案中,将水掺入间断相可以抵抗存在于乳剂中的极性溶剂(例如多元醇)的吸湿性。例如,可以存在约0.1-10%、约0.5-8%、约1-5%或约2-4%重量的水。可以有意识地将水加入到间断相中或它可以存在于多元醇相中,这归因于多元醇或两者的组合的吸湿性。在一个实施方案中,将水加入到内相中。在另一个实施方案中,加入到内相中的水为蒸馏水。
在一些实施方案中,可以将水溶性盐加入到内相中,所述的水溶性盐为(i)选自IA族金属、IIA族金属、铵或季胺的阳离子与(ii)选自卤离子、硫酸根离子、亚硫酸根离子、碳酸根离子、碳酸氢根离子和磷酸根离子的阴离子的水溶性盐。适合的电解质包括、但不限于盐,例如氯化钠、氯化钾、氯化钙、氯化镁、硫酸钠、硫酸钙、硫酸钾、硫酸镁、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、硫酸铵、磷酸一-、二-和三-钠、磷酸一-、二-和三-钾和本领域中已知的各种另外的盐,可以将它们加入到内相中,包括通过降低内相和乳剂的粘液流变性(例如延伸性),由此更易于在加工过程中分散内相。作为结果,添加盐能够使得形成的内相液滴较小。通常,小的液滴(例如小于40微米直径)是优选的,因为较大的液滴从视觉上对消费者的吸引力低且倾向于稳定性较低。因此,包括盐可以控制液滴大小。例如,可以将足以控制间断相液滴大小的用量的盐在加工过程中加入到本发明的乳剂中,得到具有40微米最大液滴大小的间断相。在一些实施方案中,间断相可以具有1-10微米的最大液滴大小。如果存在,则盐的量可以约为0.001-2.5%、约0.01-1.5%、约0.10-1%或约0.20-0.50%重量。
在一些实施方案中,内相的流变性的特征可以为当在振动应力扫描过程中接触100Pa的振动应力时具有低于2Pa·s的复数粘度,所述振动应力扫描使用具有500微米平行板几何间隙的TAG2应力控制流变仪在25℃温度和1Hz的角频率下进行。
在一个实施方案中,内相(不包括内相中分散的任何颗粒相)包含90-100%重量的甘油、约1-10%水、约0.01-1.5%黄原胶和0.001-2.5%硫酸镁,主要由它们组成或由它们组成,且任选地还可以包括0.01-10%重量的另外的活性成分和无活性成分,包括、但不限于水溶性或水可分散的成膜聚合物、另外的流变性调节剂、稳定剂、分散剂、保湿剂(例如另外的C3-24多元醇,例如丙二醇、糖醇类、山梨醇、木糖醇、丁二醇、聚甘油等)、活性成分(例如胶原酶抑制剂、弹性酶抑制剂、胶原蛋白刺激剂、脱色剂、脱屑剂等)、抗微生物剂、防腐剂、pH调节剂、着色剂和香料。
连续相可以包含任意适合的乳剂用油,包括、但不限于植物油;脂肪酸酯类;脂肪醇类;异链烷烃,例如异十二烷和异二十烷;烃油,例如矿物油、凡士林油和聚异丁烯;聚烯烃类及其氢化类似物(例如氢化聚异丁烯);天然或合成蜡;硅油,例如二甲硅油、环硅酮和聚硅氧烷等。
适合的酯油包括脂肪酸酯类。具体举出的由常用作化妆品中的软化剂的那些酯类构成。这类酯典型地为形式R4(COOH)1-2的酸与形式R5(OH)1-3的醇的醚化产物,其中R4和R5各自独立地是直链、支链或环状烃基,其任选地包含不饱和键(例如1-6或1-3或1),且具有1-30(例如6-30或8-30或12-30或16-30)个碳原子,其任选地被一个或多个官能团取代,包括羟基、氧杂、氧代等。优选地,R4和R5的至少一个包含至少8或至少10或至少12或至少16或至少18个碳原子,使得酯包含至少一个脂肪链。上述定义的酯类包括、但不限于一元酸与一元醇、一元酸与二元醇和三元醇、二元酸与一元醇和三元酸与一元醇的酯类。
适合的脂肪酸酯类包括、但不限于乙酸丁酯、异硬脂酸丁酯、油酸丁酯、丁基辛基油酸酯、棕榈酸鲸蜡酯、辛酸鲸蜡酯(ceyloctanoate)、月桂酸鲸蜡酯、乳酸鲸蜡酯、异壬酸鲸蜡酯、硬脂酸鲸蜡酯、富马酸二异硬脂酰酯、苹果酸二异硬脂酰酯、新戊基二醇二辛酸酯、癸酸二丁酯、苹果酸二-C12-13烷基酯、二鲸蜡硬脂基二聚体二亚油酸酯(dicetearyldimerdilinoleate)、己二酸二鲸蜡酯、己二酸二异鲸蜡酯、己二酸二壬酯、二异丙基二聚酸酯(diisopropyldimerate)、三亚油酸三异硬脂酰酯、十八酰硬脂酸酯(octodecylstearoylstearate)、月桂酸己酯、异硬脂酸十六烷基酯、月桂酸十六烷基酯、辛酸己基癸酯、油酸己基癸酯、棕榈所己基癸酯、硬脂酸己癸酯、异硬脂酸异壬酯、异壬酸异硬脂酰酯、新戊酸异己酯、硬脂酸异十六烷基酯、异硬脂酸异丙酯、肉豆蔻酸正丙酯、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、棕榈酸正丙酯、棕榈酸异丙酯、棕榈酸二十六烷基酯、乳酸月桂酯、棕榈酸二十八烷基酯、丙二醇单月桂酸酯、棕榈酸三十烷酯、棕榈酸三十二烷基酯、棕榈酸三十四烷基酯、硬脂酸二十六烷基酯、硬脂酸二十八烷基酯、硬脂酸三十烷基酯、硬脂酸三十二烷基酯、乳酸硬脂酰酯、辛酸硬脂酰酯、庚酸硬脂酰酯、硬脂酸硬脂酰酯、硬脂酸三十四烷基酯、三花生精(triarachidin)、柠檬酸三丁酯、柠檬酸三异硬脂酰酯、柠檬酸三-C12-13-烷基酯、三辛精、柠檬酸三辛酰酯、山嵛酸十三烷基酯、柠檬酸三辛基十二烷基酯、椰油酸十三烷基酯、异壬酸十三烷基酯、单蓖麻油酸甘油酯、棕榈酸2-辛基癸酯、肉豆蔻酸或乳酸的2-辛基十二烷基酯、二(2-乙基己基)琥珀酸酯、醋酸生育酚等。
另外的适合的酯类包括这样的酯类,其中R5包含形式H–(O–CHR*–CHR*)n–的聚乙二醇,其中R*独立地选自氢或直链C1-12烷基,包括甲基和乙基,异聚乙二醇单月桂酸酯作为示例。
还关注水杨酸酯类和苯甲酸酯类作为实施本发明中的有用的酯类。适合的水杨酸酯类和苯甲酸酯类包括水杨酸或苯甲酸与形式R6OH的醇的酯类,其中R6是直链、支链或环状烃基,其任选地包含不饱和键(例如1、2或3个不饱和键),并且具有1-30个碳原子,典型地6-22个碳原子,且更典型地12-15个碳原子。适合的水杨酸酯类包括,例如,水杨酸辛酯和水杨酸己基十二烷基酯;和苯甲酸酯类,包括苯甲酸C12-15烷基酯、苯甲酸异硬脂酰酯、苯甲酸己基癸酯、苯甲酸苄酯等。
另外的适合的酯类包括、但不限于二异硬脂酸聚甘油酯/IPDI共聚物、三异硬脂酰聚甘油基-3二聚体二亚油酸酯、脂肪酸的聚甘油酯类和羊毛脂等等。
油还可以包含挥发性或非挥发性硅油。适合的硅油包括直链或环状硅酮类,例如聚烷基-或聚芳基硅氧烷类,其任选地包含具有1-10个碳原子的烷基或烷氧基。有代表性的硅油包括,例如,辛酰基聚甲基硅氧烷(caprylylmethicone)、环甲硅油、环戊硅氧烷、十甲基环戊硅氧烷、十甲基四硅氧烷、二苯基二甲硅油、十二甲基环己硅氧烷、十二甲基戊硅氧烷、七甲基己基三硅氧烷、七甲基辛基三硅氧烷、六甲基二硅氧烷、聚甲基硅氧烷、甲基-苯基聚硅氧烷、八甲基环四硅氧烷、八甲基三硅氧烷、全氟壬基二甲硅油、聚二甲基硅氧烷类及其组合。硅油典型地、但不一定具有在25℃下测定的约5-约3,000厘沲(cSt)、优选50-1,000cSt的粘度。
在一个实施方案中,硅油包含苯基,就此对于硅油而言,例如为甲基苯基聚硅氧烷(INCI名称二苯基二甲硅油),商购自ShinEtsuChemicalCo,名称包括F-5W、KF-54和KF-56。二苯基二甲硅油具有良好的有机相容性并且可以给产品赋予成膜特性。此外,存在苯基增加了硅油的屈光指数且由此如果期望可以促成产品的高光。在一个实施方案中,在25℃下测量时,硅油具有至少1.3、优选至少1.4、更优选至少1.45且更优选至少1.5的屈光指数。另一种适合的苯基官能化的硅油具有INCI名称苯基三聚甲基硅氧烷,并且在商品名DC556下由DowCorning销售。DC556具有约1.46的屈光指数。在一个实施方案中,硅油是氟化硅酮,例如全氟化硅酮(即氟硅酮)。氟硅酮有利地是疏水性的和亲油性的且由此促成期望的产品滑动感和触摸感。氟硅酮还给口唇产品赋予长久磨耗特性。如果期望,可以用山嵛酸山嵛酯使氟硅酮胶凝。一种适合的氟硅酮是具有INCI名称全氟壬基二甲硅油的氟化有机官能硅酮流体。全氟壬基二甲硅油商购自PheonixChemical,商品名为
组合物还可以包含烃油。示例性的烃油是直链或支链石蜡族烃类,其具有5-80个碳原子,典型地8-40个碳原子,且更典型地10-16个碳原子,包括、但不限于戊烷、己烷、庚烷、辛烷、壬烷、癸烷、十一烷、十二烷、十四烷、十三烷等。一些有用的烃油是高度支链化的脂肪族烃类,包括C8-9异链烷烃、C9-11异链烷烃、C12异链烷烃、C20-40异链烷烃等。具体举出的由具有INCI名称为异十六烷、异二十烷和异十二烷(IDD)的异链烷烃构成。
另外适合的烃由是聚-α-烯烃类,其典型地具有20个以上碳原子,包括(任选氢化的)C24-28烯烃类、C30-45烯烃类、聚异丁烯、氢化聚异丁烯、氢化聚癸烯、聚丁烯、氢化聚环戊烷、矿物油、五氢角鲨烯、角鲨烯、角鲨烷等。烃由还可以包含高级脂肪醇,例如油醇、辛基十二烷醇等。
另外适合的油包括、但不限于蓖麻油、C10-18甘油三酯类、辛酸/癸酸/甘油三酯类、椰子油、玉米油、棉籽油、亚麻籽油、貂油、橄榄油、棕榈油、illipebutter、菜籽油、大豆油、向日葵子油、胡桃油、鳄梨油、山茶油、夏威夷核油、海龟油、貂油、大豆油、葡萄籽油、芝麻油、玉米油、菜籽油、向日葵油、棉籽油、希蒙得木油、花生油、橄榄油及其组合。
上述举出的酯油、硅油和烃油的任意一种被关注用于实施本发明。因此,在一个实施方案中,组合物包含至少一种选自上述酯油、硅油和烃油的油。在另一个实施方案中,组合物包含两种或多种选自上述酯油、硅油和烃油的油。在另一个实施方案中,组合物包含来自上述列表的至少一种酯、至少一种硅油和至少一种烃油。因为本文所述的酯油作为软化剂起作用,所以对于组合物有利地包含选自烃油、硅油及其组合的至少另一种油。
在一个实施方案中,连续相包括羊毛脂,典型地是低气味羊毛脂。在一个实施方中中,油相包含占该油相重量1-100%的羊毛脂。更典型地,油相包含占该油相重量约5-15%或约15-25%或约25-35%或约35-45%或约45-55%或约55-65%或约65-75%或约75-85%或约85-95%或约95-100%的用量的羊毛脂。在一个实施方案中,油相包含占总乳剂相重量至少约20%的羊毛脂。在另一个实施方案中,油相包含占总乳剂重量至少约25%的羊毛脂。在另一个实施方案中,油相包含占总乳剂重量约20-50%或约25-35%的羊毛脂。
在一些实施方案中,油相可以包括一种或多种蜡。蜡可以给乳剂赋予整体感,使得该乳剂具有半固体或固体的物理形式。本文所用的术语“固体”预期是指自我支撑的且能够被模塑呈独立棒的组合物(例如唇膏)。在一些实施方案中,蜡异足以构成固体乳剂的量存在。例如,固体乳剂可以具有至少30g的硬度。该组合物典型地在室温下具有至少40g的硬度。在一个实施方案中,组合物可以具有约100-约300g的明显较大的硬度。乳剂的硬度可以使用安装4mm不锈钢探头(TA-24)的TextureAnalyzerModelQTS-25测量,如Avon的美国专利US8,580,283中所述,将该文献的公开内容引入本文参考。
本文所用的术语“穿透力”是指在特定温度下蜡的相对硬度。穿透力可以使用ASTM-D1321-02a测量,引入本文参考。穿透值越高,则表示蜡越硬。
蜡可以是天然的、矿物的和/或合成的蜡。天然蜡包括动物来源的那些(例如蜂蜡、鲸蜡、羊毛脂和虫胶蜡)和植物来源的那些(例如腊棕榈、小烛树蜡、蜡果杨梅蜡和甘蔗蜡)。矿蜡包括、但不限于地蜡、纯地蜡、褐煤蜡(montan)、石蜡、微晶蜡、石油蜡和矿脂蜡。适合的合成蜡包括,例如聚乙二醇,例如在商品名(TheDowChemicalCompany)下销售的PEG-18、PEG-20、PEG-32、PEG-75、PEG-90、PEG-100和PEG-180。可以举出的由如下聚乙二醇蜡构成:CARBOWAX(碳蜡)1000,其具有950-1,050的分子量范围和约38℃的熔点;碳蜡1450,其具有约1,305-1,595的分子量范围和约56℃的熔点;碳蜡3350,其具有3,015-3,685的分子量范围和约56℃的熔点;和碳蜡8000,其具有7,000-9,000的分子量范围和约61℃的熔点。
合成蜡还包括FischerTropsch(FT)蜡和聚烯烃蜡,例如乙烯均聚物、乙烯-丙烯共聚物和乙烯-己烯共聚物。有代表性的乙烯均聚物是商购的,商品名为Polyethylene(BakerHughesIncorporated),其具有的熔点为80℃-132℃。商购的乙烯-α-烯烃共聚物蜡包括在商品名Copolymers(BakerHughesIncorporated)下销售的那些,其具有的熔点为95℃-115℃。
在一个实施方案中,乳剂在油相中包括至少一种蜡,其选自方舟蜡(arcawax)(N,N’-乙烯双硬脂酰胺)、微晶蜡、直链聚乙烯蜡、硬脂酮(18-三十五烷基酮(pentatriacontanone))、海狸香蜡、褐煤蜡(montanwax)、褐煤蜡、ouricouriwax、巴西棕榈蜡、米糠蜡、虫胶蜡、西班牙草蜡、地蜡、希蒙得木蜡、小烛树蜡、地蜡、蜂蜡、海狸香蜡、甘蔗蜡、十八烷醇、硬牛油、鲸蜡醇、凡士林油、单硬脂酸甘油酯、日本蜡、硅酮蜡、石蜡(parrafinwax)、羊毛脂蜡、羊毛脂醇、蜡果杨梅蜡、棕榈酸鲸蜡酯、illipebutter、可可脂和C18-36脂肪酸的乙二醇二-或三-酯类。
如果存在,则蜡的用量典型地低于乳剂重量的约2%(例如0.1-2%),条件是乳剂是液体或澄明度是期望的。如果存在,则蜡的用量典型地大于乳剂重量的约10%(例如10-20%),条件是乳剂是半固体或固体或澄明度并非关注的。在一些实施方案中,乳剂可以包含占该乳剂重量约5%-约25%(或约1-20%或约12-18%)的蜡,特别是在配制成唇膏的实施方案中。
在一个实施方案中,乳剂在油相中包括0.1-2%或2-5%或5-10%或10-15%或15-20%重量的至少一种蜡,其选自微晶蜡、地蜡和聚乙二醇蜡。在一个实施方案中,乳剂在油相中包括上述举出用量范围内的微晶蜡。在一个实施方案中,乳剂在油相中包括上述举出的用量范围内的地蜡。在一个实施方案中,乳剂在油相中包括上述举出的用量范围内的聚乙二醇蜡。
典型地,本发明的乳剂还包含一种或多种乳化剂。例如,一种或多种乳化剂可以以占乳剂重量约0.01%-约10.0%的总范围存在。在一些实施方案中,乳化剂的总量约为0.1%-约6.0%重量或约0.5%-约4.0%重量。具有较低HLB值的乳化剂可以适用于油包甘油型乳剂。例如,这类乳化剂可以具有低于10或低于8.5的低HLB。在一些实施方案中,HLB值为2-5。在一个实施方案中,一种或多种低HLB乳化剂与较高HLB乳化剂联用。乳化剂的实例包括聚甘油基化合物,例如聚甘油基-6-聚蓖麻油酸酯、聚甘油基五油酸酯、聚甘油基-异硬脂酸酯和聚甘油基-2-二异硬脂酸酯;甘油酯类,例如单硬脂酸甘油酯或单油酸甘油酯;磷脂类和磷酸酯类,例如卵磷脂三聚乙二醇单十二醚-4-磷酸酯(购自商品名KL-340-D);包含脱水山梨糖醇的酯类(包括酯类),例如月桂山梨坦、油酸山梨坦、硬脂山梨坦或倍半油酸山梨坦;聚氧乙烯苯酚类,例如聚氧乙烯辛基苯酚;聚氧乙烯醚类,例如聚氧乙烯鲸蜡基醚和聚氧乙烯硬脂酰醚;聚乙二醇乳化剂,例如PEG-30-聚羟基硬脂酸酯或烷基聚乙二醇类;聚丙二醇乳化剂,例如PPG-6-聚乙二醇单十二醚-3;二甲硅油多元醇类和聚硅氧烷乳化剂等。关注乳化剂的组合,例如卵磷脂和脱水山梨糖醇的组合。另外的乳化剂提供在INCIIngredientDictionaryandHandbook,第12版,2008中,将该文献的公开内容引入本文参考。
可以为不同的功能目的将作为化妆品领域常规的另外的成分掺入内相、外相或作为颗粒的相。然而,可以包括与配制上述化妆品组合物一致性的另外的成分,包括另外的成分限于那些用量不干扰油包多元醇型(例如油包甘油型)乳剂的形成或稳定性的成分。
当配制成用于局部施用的化妆品组合物时,乳剂典型地包括任选地分布于乳剂任一相或两相中的另外的成分。这类成分可以选自成膜剂、颜料、蜡、软化剂、增湿剂、防腐剂、香精、抗氧化剂、植物药及其混合物。具体举出的可以由高度纯化的植物药提取物或合成药剂构成,它们可以具有伤口愈合、抗炎或用于治疗皮肤或口唇的另外的有益性。另外的实施方案可以包括抗氧化剂,例如生育酚。组合物可以包括一种或多种成膜剂以增加产品的直接性。在一些实施方案中,本发明的组合物在局部施用时提供高增湿读数,这归因于存在高水平的甘油,同时也因稳定性增加而获得消费者的接受性。
例如,除多糖增稠剂外,组合物还可以包含本领域公知的另外的增稠剂,例如植物树胶、羧甲基纤维素、二氧化硅、丙烯酸聚合物、粘土例如锂蒙脱石、膨润土、水化硅酸镁和硅酸铝和硅酸钙等。当存在时,这些另外的增稠剂占组合物重量的约0.1%-约15%,更典型地占组合物重量的约1%-约5%。
还可以使用成膜剂,包括成膜聚合物。术语成膜聚合物可以被理解为表示自身或在至少一种辅助成膜剂的存在下能够形成连续薄膜的聚合物,所述连续薄膜粘附在表面上并且作为特定材料的粘合剂起作用。聚合物成膜剂包括、但不限于丙烯酸聚合物或共聚物、(甲基)丙烯酸酯类、(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯类、聚烯烃类、聚乙烯类、聚丙烯酸酯类、聚氨基甲酸酯类、硅酮、聚酰胺类、聚醚类、聚酯类、氟聚合物、聚醚类、聚醋酸酯类、聚碳酸酯类、聚酰胺类、聚酰亚胺类、橡胶、环氧化物、甲醛树脂、有机硅氧烷、二甲硅油、二甲聚硅氧烷类(amodimethicones)、二甲基硅氧烷醇类(dimethiconols)、聚甲基硅氧烷类、硅酮丙烯酸酯类、聚氨基甲酸酯硅酮共聚物、纤维质、多糖类、聚季铵等。适合的成膜聚合物包括CosmeticIngredientDictionary(INCIandHandbook第12版(2008)中列出的那些,将该文献的公开内容引入本文参考。
本发明的化妆品组合物可以任选地包括一种或多种提供或增强光泽的试剂。光泽增强剂在25℃下作为薄膜测量时典型地具有大于约1.4、优选大于约1.5的屈光指数。适合的光泽增强剂包括、但不限于多元醇类、脂肪酯类、硅酮苯基丙基二甲基甲硅烷氧基硅酸酯、聚丁烯、聚异丁烯、氢化聚异丁烯、氢化聚环戊二烯、丙基苯基倍半硅氧烷(propylphenylsilsesquioxane)树脂;月桂基聚甲基硅氧烷共聚醇(laurylmethiconecopolyol)、全氟壬基二甲硅油、二甲硅油/三硅氧烷、甲基三甲硅油及其组合。在一个实施方案中,该组合物包含占组合物总重约0.1%-约10%重量、更典型地约1%-约5%重量的用量的光泽增强剂。
可以为紫外(UV)光吸收或散射加入颗粒材料,例如二氧化钛和氧化锌颗粒,或为美观特征加入颗粒材料,例如着色剂(例如颜料和色淀)、珠光剂(pearlescence)(例如云母、氯化氧铋等)等。如果存在,颗粒相占整个组合物重量的约0.1-约25%。更典型地,颗粒相占整个组合物重量的约2.5%-约15%。
颗粒可以包含着色剂,包括颜料和色淀。本文所用的术语“颜料”包括色淀和填充剂等。示例性无机颜料包括、但不限于无机氧化物和氢氧化物,例如氧化镁、氢氧化镁、氧化钙、氢氧化钙、氧化铝、氢氧化铝、氧化铁(α-Fe2O3、γ-Fe2O3、Fe3O4、FeO)和氢氧化铁包括红氧化铁、黄氧化铁和黑色氧化铁、二氧化钛、钛的低价氧化物、氧化锆、氧化铬、氢氧化铬、氧化锰、氢氧化锰、氧化钴、氢氧化钴、氧化铈、氢氧化铈、氧化镍、氢氧化镍、氧化锌和氢氧化锌和复合物氧化物和复合物氢氧化物,例如钛酸铁、钛酸钴和铝酸钴等。优选地,无机氧化物颗粒可以选自二氧化硅、氧化铝、氧化锌、氧化铁和二氧化钛颗粒及其混合物。在一个实施方案中,颜料具有5nm-500微米或5nm-250微米或10nm-100微米的粒度。在一些实施方案中,粒度(平均值)小于约5微米或小于1微米。
另外的示例性着色添加剂色淀包括,例如:D&C红19号(例如CI45170、CI73360或CI45430);D&C红9号(CI15585);D&C红21号(CI45380);D&C橙4号(CI15510);D&C橙5号(CI45370);D&C红27号(CI45410);D&C红13号(CI15630);D&C红7号(CI15850:1);D&C红6号(CI15850:2);D&C黄5号(CI19140);D&C红36号(CI12085);D&C橙10号(CI45475);D&C黄19号(CI15985);FD&C红#40(CI#16035);FD&C蓝#1(CI#42090);FD&C黄#5(CI#19140);或其任意的组合。
适合的化妆品颗粒包括、但不限于甲基倍半硅氧烷(methylsilsesquioxane)树脂微球,例如,TOSPEARLTM145A(ToshibaSilicone);在TOSPEARLTM150KA(Kobo)名称下销售的聚甲基倍半硅氧烷(polymethylsilsesquioxane)颗粒;聚甲基甲基丙烯酸酯微球,例如,MICROPEARLTM100(Seppic);聚甲基甲基丙烯酸酯球形颗粒,例如在名称TECEEPOLYMERTMMB-8CA(KOBO))下销售的那些;在KSPTM105(Shin-Etsu)名称下销售的乙烯基二甲硅油(VinylDimethicorte)/聚甲基硅氧烷交联聚合物颗粒;交联聚二甲基硅氧烷球形颗粒,例如,TREFILTME506C或TREHLTME505C(DowCorningToraySilicone);聚酰胺球形颗粒,例如,尼龙-12和ORGASOLTM2002DNatC05(Atochem);聚苯乙烯微球,例如在DYNOSPHERESTM名称下销售的DynoParticles和在名称FLOBEADTMEA209(Kobo)下销售的丙烯酸乙烯酯共聚物;淀粉辛烯基琥珀酸铝(aluminumstarchoctenyisuccinate),例如DRYFLOTM(NationalStarch);聚乙烯微球,例如MKROTEIENETMFN510-00(Equistar)、在名称FLUOROPURETM109C(Shamrock)或MICROSLIPTM519(Presperse)下得到的PTFE球形颗粒;硅酮树脂、聚甲基倍半硅氧烷(polymethylsasesquioxane)硅酮聚合物;聚硅酮类,包括、但不限于聚硅酮-1、聚硅酮-2、聚硅酮-3、聚硅酮-4、聚硅酮-5、聚硅酮-6、聚硅酮-7、聚硅酮-8、聚硅酮-10、聚硅酮-11、聚硅酮-12、聚硅酮-13、聚硅酮-14、聚硅酮-15、聚硅酮-16、聚硅酮-17、聚硅酮-18和聚硅酮-19;二甲硅油/二乙烯基二甲硅油/倍半硅氧烷(Silsesquioxane)交联聚合物(在商品名GRANSILEPSQ下得自GrantIndustries);二甲硅油/倍半硅氧烷共聚物(在商品名SILDERMEPSQ下得自ActiveConcepts);由N-月桂酰基赖氨酸制成的在名称AMIHOPETMLL(Ajinomoto)下得到的血小板成形粉末及其混合物等等。另外的适合的颗粒包括在商品名TEGOTOPTM105(Degussa/GoldschmidtChemicalCorporation)下销售的颗粒硅蜡和在名称MINCORTM300(BASF)下销售的颗粒乙烯基聚合物。
组合物可以包含一种或多种防腐剂和抗微生物剂,例如对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯或对羟基苯甲酸丙酯等,其用量占总组合物重量的约0.0001-5wt%。组合物可以具有另外的成分,例如一种或多种麻醉剂、抗过敏剂、抗真菌剂、抗炎剂、抗微生物剂、抗菌药、螯合剂、软化剂、乳化剂、香料、保湿剂、润滑剂、掩蔽剂、药剂、增湿剂、pH调节剂、防腐剂、保护剂、安抚剂、稳定剂、遮光剂、表面活性剂、增稠剂、增粘剂、维生素或其任意的组合。
在一个实施方案中,本发明的乳剂作为施用于口唇的产品提供。这类口唇产品可以包括唇乳膏、唇膏、保湿唇膏、含药的口唇处理产品、唇保湿剂、唇化妆品、唇防晒霜和唇香精。在一个实施方案中,口唇产品是乳脂状可流动的口唇产品。在一些实施方案中,本发明的产品可以具有半粘性液体或糊状物的稠度。在另外的实施方案中,产品是唇膏。
当配制成口唇产品时,可以将本发明的乳剂包装在可再密封的容器中。这类容器可以包括载有配制成化妆品组合物的包封物或室和可移动地连接至容器或可替换配置在容器上的帽。在一个实施方案中,帽可以连接至可挤压的包封物(例如由柔顺的塑料形成),使得所述帽可以从可挤压的包封物的孔口移除并且在完成组合物调配时替换。帽滤液连接至可挤压的包封物主体(例如通过螺纹物、滑入配合物等),以便有利于再密封在应用之间储存的可挤压包封物。在一个实施方案中,所述帽可替换地连接至容器,以便密封封闭位置上的内容物,并且允许容器的内容物在开口位置上时可调配。关注不同的容器,包括、但不限于点击笔、筒状调配器、泵、真空泵、加压包装、手动挤压容器、化妆品涂布器等。
在另外的实施方案中,乳剂可以是皮肤护理乳(洗剂、霜剂、凝胶等)、色彩化妆品、睫毛膏、眼影、唇膏、唇线笔、粉底、遮瑕膏、化妆品清洗剂、遮光剂、除臭剂等等的形式。
对于化妆品组合物(例如唇膏)的组合物成分的示例性范围提供在表1中(将百分比作为包括颗粒在内的整个乳剂的重量百分比列出)。应当注意一些成分是任选的。
表1.
应当理解,表1中成分的所有重量百分比之和不超过100%。另外的化妆品成分包括本领域公知的任意活性和非活性成分,包括上述那些。本实施方案中的电解质可以是硫酸镁,多糖增稠剂可以包含黄原胶,且油可以包含羊毛脂。
在一些实施方案中,本发明的稳定的乳剂在室温下(~25℃)静置时稳定1周、2周、3周、4周乃至更长时间。在一些实施方案中,本发明稳定的乳剂在加热至约49℃后稳定1周、2周、3周、4周乃至更长时间。可以根据无相分离或有相分离或脱水收缩从视觉上确定稳定性。
在另一个实施方案中,生产乳剂,其中所述电解质是硫酸镁。
在另一个实施方案中,生产乳剂,其中水占乳剂重量的约3%-约14%。
在另一个实施方案中,生产乳剂,其中水占整个乳剂重量的约3%-约5%。
在另一个实施方案中,生产乳剂,其中多糖占整个乳剂重量的约0.01%-约5%。
在另一个实施方案中,生产乳剂,其中多糖占整个乳剂重量的约0.1%-约1%。
在另一个实施方案中,生产乳剂,其中阴离子型多糖为黄原胶。
在另一个实施方案中,生产乳剂,其中羊毛脂的存在量占整个组合物的约25%-约40%。
在另一个实施方案中,羊毛脂作为油相的油成分存在。
在一个实施方案中,预期所述组合物用作非治疗成分。在另一个实施方案中,根据USFD&CAct,§201(i)。该组合物是预期在人体上摩擦、倾倒在其上、喷洒在其上或喷雾在其上、导入其中否则就是施用于其上的制品,用于清洁、美容、促进吸引力或改变外观。
具体实施方案
实施例1.制备乳剂的方法
下文所述的配方1-6根据下列方法制备:
将蜡、油和乳化剂加热并且熔化(油相)至85-90℃。
连续搅拌并且加入着色剂。
高速混合至充分掺合。
单独地加热并且使用高剪切力混合甘油、水和黄原胶(甘油相)。
缓慢地将甘油相加入到蜡相中,同时维持高剪切力在下述加工范围内。
剪切30分钟。
高剪切环境在加工过程中可以理想地得到严密地控制。以最小8m/s和最大10m/s剪切是可接受的范围,不过,应当理解,可耐受的剪切在一定程度上依赖于所用混合器或混合磨的类型和来自预期的这些值的偏差。在本领域技术人员范围内可以确定形成本发明乳剂的适合的剪切力,且特别是可以用如下原理指导本领域技术人员:剪切的强度和期限应当足以减小内相液滴的大小以便形成稳定的乳剂,且理想地将所述大小减小至低于约40微米。传统的液体乳剂一般具有6m/s-25m/s的剪切力范围。
在添加到外部油相之前的甘油内相的特征为在振动应力扫描期间接触100Pa的振动应力时具有低于2Pa.s的复数粘度,所述振动应力扫描在25℃温度和1Hz角频率下进行。本文和如下权利要求中所用的复数粘度可以使用具有500微米平行板几何间隙的TAG2应力控制流变仪测量。
实施例2.稳定性试验
在28天内在高温(110F)和交替温度条件以及冻-融条件下监测稳定性。用0-5点等级给样品稳定性分级,其中将0的分级定为完全稳定的样品(例如无脱水收缩)并且将5的分级定为显示大规模不稳定性的征兆的样品(例如显著的脱水收缩)。在每种情况中在28天期限内用如下条件监测稳定性条件:(1)110F恒温;(2)77F恒温;(3)40F恒温;(4)40F/110F交替温度;和(5)冻-融。分级来源于在28天后上述各条件下指定材料稳定性的算术平均值。
实施例3.含水量的作用
为了示例作为增加含水量结果的稳定性改善,反复混合本发明的配方并且使用实施例1的稳定性试验比较4周内它们的稳定性。稳定性结果如表2中所示,显示增加的水浓度显著地改善稳定性。
表2.
当然,可以通过使用“湿”甘油实现相同的效果,而不是有意识地将水添加到甘油中,其含义是甘油从空气中吸水。在本领域技术人员范围内可以确定起始甘油的含水量。
实施例3.黄原胶的作用
为了示例作为增加黄原胶结果的稳定性改善,反复混合本发明的配方并且比较4周内它们的稳定性。稳定性结果如表3中所示,其中向配方中添加黄原胶显著地改善稳定性。
表3.
实施例4.黄原胶浓度和添加电解质的作用
在不同浓度的黄原胶和添加电解质的情况下,测试作为内部乳剂相的振动剪切应力的函数的储能模量(G’)。如图1中所示,添加0.1%的电解质降低了屈服点并且显示高剪切稀化行为,这产生更好的加工性。黄原胶浓度的降低(从0.1%至0.05%)完全降低了G’,这导致储存稳定性较低。添加电解质不会影响内部乳剂相的稳定行为。
实施例5.制品
本发明的唇膏的示例性制品如下表4中所示。
表4.
配方组成 | 成分范围%(w/w) |
蜡和油 | 55-85 |
乳化剂 | 1-10 |
香料 | 0-3 |
着色剂 | 5-20 |
甘油 | 10-30 |
水 | 2-10 |
黄原胶 | 0.01-1 |
盐 | 0.01-1 |
在表4的制品中,盐典型地是硫酸镁。
实施例6.粘液流变学的测定
下列方法可以用于表征内相的粘稠流变性。粘稠流变性表现为如图2中所示的针对组合物的不期望的“成串性”。将塑料吸管浸入乳剂的内相并且保持露出液面3英寸20秒。当由甘油和水组成的内部乳剂相不含多糖增稠剂黄原胶时,它未显示粘稠行为,正如根据图2中的影像“A”中观察到的连接吸管端和液体的材料不可确定的“串”所证实的。相反,当将黄原胶添加到内相中时,形成从溶液中升起吸管时不中断的串。正如图2中的影像“B”中所示。当将电解质(硫酸镁)添加到包含黄原胶的内相中时,内部乳剂相显示粘稠流变性降低,由此在从广口瓶中取出吸管时,材料“串”即刻中断,正如图2中的影像“C”中所示。
本文所述和请求保护的本发明不限于本文公开的具体实施方案的范围,因为这些实施方案预期为对本发明几个方面的示例。预期任意等效的实施方案均属于本发明的范围。实际上,除本文所示和所述的那些之外,本发明的不同变型对于本领域技术人员而言从上述描述中显而易见。这类变型也预期在待批权利要求范围内。将本文引述的全部公开出版物完整地引入参考。
Claims (20)
1.油包甘油型乳剂,包含:
(i)包含一种或多种局部可接受的油的连续相;
(ii)间断相,其包含:
(a)甘油;
(b)水;和
(c)阴离子型多糖;
其中该乳剂的特征在于与不含阴离子型多糖的其它方面相同的乳剂相比稳定性改善。
2.权利要求1的乳剂,其中该乳剂在50℃下稳定至少4周。
3.权利要求1的乳剂,其中所述连续相还包含蜡且该乳剂是固体乳剂。
4.权利要求1的乳剂,其中所述水占整个乳剂重量的约3%-约14%。
5.权利要求1的乳剂,其中所述水占整个乳剂重量的约3%-约5%。
6.权利要求1的乳剂,其中所述多糖占整个乳剂重量的约0.01%-约5%。
7.权利要求1的乳剂,其中所述多糖占整个乳剂重量的约0.1%-约1%。
8.权利要求1的乳剂,其中所述阴离子型多糖是黄原胶。
9.权利要求1的乳剂,其中所述间断相还包含电解质。
10.权利要求9的乳剂,其中所述电解质是硫酸镁。
11.权利要求1的乳剂,其中所述间断相的流动学特征在于在振动应力扫描期间接触100Pa的振动应力时具有低于2Pa.s的复数粘度,所述振动应力扫描在25℃温度和1Hz角频率下进行。
12.权利要求1的乳剂,其中所述间断相具有40微米的最大液滴大小。
13.权利要求12的乳剂,其中所述间断相具有1-10微米的平均液滴大小。
14.包含权利要求1的乳剂的口唇产品,其选自唇乳膏、唇膏、保湿唇膏、含药的口唇处理产品、唇保湿剂、唇化妆品、唇防晒霜和唇香精。
15.油包甘油型乳剂,包含:
(a)约20-约90%重量的一种或多种局部可接受的油;
(b)约5%-约65%重量的甘油;
(c)约3%-约14%重量的水;
(d)约0.01%-约5%重量的阴离子型多糖;和
(e)约0.01-约3%重量的电解质;和
其中成分(a)包含所述油包甘油型乳剂的连续相且成分(b)-(e)包含所述油包甘油型乳剂的间断相;且其中所述油包甘油型乳剂的特征在于与不含阴离子型多糖的在其它方面相同的乳剂相比稳定性改善;且其中所述间断相的最大液滴大小约为40微米。
16.权利要求15的乳剂,其中所述电解质是硫酸镁。
17.权利要求15的乳剂,其中所述电解质以乳剂的约0.1-2%重量存在。
18.权利要求15的乳剂,其中所述间断相的流变学特征在于具有低于2Pa.s的复数粘度。
19.权利要求15的乳剂,在连续相、间断相或它们两者中还包含约0.001%-约30%重量的另外的成分,其选自成膜聚合物、乳化剂、流变调节剂、增稠剂、稳定剂、分散剂、保湿剂、软化剂、调理剂、活性成分、抗微生物剂、防腐剂、抗氧化剂、pH调节剂、螯合剂、掩蔽剂、着色剂、化妆品颗粒香料、香精及其组合。
20.制备油包甘油型乳剂的方法,包括:
(i)提供包含一种或多种局部可接受的油的连续相;
(ii)提供包含甘油、水、多糖增稠剂和电解质的间断相;该间断相的特征在于在振动应力扫描期间接触100Pa的振动应力时具有低于2Pa.s的复数粘度,所述振动应力扫描在25℃温度和1Hz角频率下进行;和
(iii)将所述间断相添加到连续相中,同时维持足以将间断相的液滴大小控制在不超过40微米的量的剪切力。
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US (1) | US20150164768A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3082710A4 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN105764472A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2938439A1 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2016004867A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2015094415A2 (zh) |
Cited By (6)
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CN107550760A (zh) * | 2017-09-23 | 2018-01-09 | 马述腾 | 一种妊娠期鸡蛋黄油霜、乳类化妆品 |
CN108441177A (zh) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-08-24 | 石家庄华莱鼎盛科技有限公司 | 钻井液用表面活性剂及其制备方法 |
CN109633020A (zh) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-16 | 上海微谱化工技术服务有限公司 | 一种盐酸阿芬太尼中添加剂的检测方法 |
CN110721632A (zh) * | 2019-10-13 | 2020-01-24 | 武汉善达化工有限公司 | 一种水性无机填料分散剂及其制备方法 |
CN112334120A (zh) * | 2018-06-12 | 2021-02-05 | 雅芳产品公司 | 具有酸性试剂的稳定的乳液 |
CN115297821A (zh) * | 2020-03-03 | 2022-11-04 | 西拉詹姆斯有限责任公司 | 稳定的皮克林型乳液 |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20200406207A1 (en) * | 2016-02-06 | 2020-12-31 | Amarlane Foods Ltd. | Emulsions and Methods of Preparation Thereof |
US10758476B1 (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2020-09-01 | Type A Brands, Llc | Deodorant with sweat-activated technology |
JP6682495B2 (ja) * | 2017-12-18 | 2020-04-15 | 三菱鉛筆株式会社 | 固形化粧料 |
US20190374450A1 (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2019-12-12 | Avon Products, Inc. | Compositions with increased color shade stability |
WO2021118781A1 (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-06-17 | Avon Products, Inc. | Compositions with increased color shade stability based on pigmentary tio2, organic pigments and metal oxide particles |
KR102299157B1 (ko) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-09-09 | 한국콜마주식회사 | 화장료 조성물 |
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- 2014-07-29 CN CN201480064054.2A patent/CN105764472A/zh not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-07-29 MX MX2016004867A patent/MX2016004867A/es unknown
- 2014-07-29 EP EP14872623.5A patent/EP3082710A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-07-29 WO PCT/US2014/048635 patent/WO2015094415A2/en active Application Filing
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US6544530B1 (en) * | 1999-03-22 | 2003-04-08 | J.P.M.E.D. Ltd. | Stable oil-in-glycerin emulsion |
US6936265B2 (en) * | 2000-09-30 | 2005-08-30 | Beiersdorf Aktiengesellschaft | Preparations of the w/o emulsion type with an increased water content based on low-viscosity, readily spreadable lipid components, additionally comprising one or more alkylmethicone copolyols and/or alkyldimethicone copolyols |
CN101855009A (zh) * | 2007-11-14 | 2010-10-06 | 日本曹达株式会社 | 乳剂组合物和农药乳剂组合物 |
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107550760A (zh) * | 2017-09-23 | 2018-01-09 | 马述腾 | 一种妊娠期鸡蛋黄油霜、乳类化妆品 |
CN108441177A (zh) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-08-24 | 石家庄华莱鼎盛科技有限公司 | 钻井液用表面活性剂及其制备方法 |
CN112334120A (zh) * | 2018-06-12 | 2021-02-05 | 雅芳产品公司 | 具有酸性试剂的稳定的乳液 |
CN112334120B (zh) * | 2018-06-12 | 2023-04-28 | 雅芳产品公司 | 具有酸性试剂的稳定的乳液 |
CN109633020A (zh) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-16 | 上海微谱化工技术服务有限公司 | 一种盐酸阿芬太尼中添加剂的检测方法 |
CN109633020B (zh) * | 2018-12-29 | 2022-07-01 | 上海微谱化工技术服务有限公司 | 一种盐酸阿芬太尼中添加剂的检测方法 |
CN110721632A (zh) * | 2019-10-13 | 2020-01-24 | 武汉善达化工有限公司 | 一种水性无机填料分散剂及其制备方法 |
CN115297821A (zh) * | 2020-03-03 | 2022-11-04 | 西拉詹姆斯有限责任公司 | 稳定的皮克林型乳液 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2015094415A2 (en) | 2015-06-25 |
WO2015094415A3 (en) | 2015-11-12 |
US20150164768A1 (en) | 2015-06-18 |
CA2938439A1 (en) | 2015-06-25 |
EP3082710A2 (en) | 2016-10-26 |
EP3082710A4 (en) | 2017-07-26 |
MX2016004867A (es) | 2016-06-24 |
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