CN105762240A - 一种紫外发光二极管外延结构及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910002704 AlGaN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002488 metal-organic chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- RGGPNXQUMRMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylgallium Chemical compound CC[Ga](CC)CC RGGPNXQUMRMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylgallium Chemical compound C[Ga](C)C XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IBEFSUTVZWZJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylindium Chemical compound C[In](C)C IBEFSUTVZWZJEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
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- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/005—Processes
- H01L33/0062—Processes for devices with an active region comprising only III-V compounds
- H01L33/0075—Processes for devices with an active region comprising only III-V compounds comprising nitride compounds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/04—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a quantum effect structure or superlattice, e.g. tunnel junction
- H01L33/06—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a quantum effect structure or superlattice, e.g. tunnel junction within the light emitting region, e.g. quantum confinement structure or tunnel barrier
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
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- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/12—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a stress relaxation structure, e.g. buffer layer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/26—Materials of the light emitting region
- H01L33/30—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table
- H01L33/32—Materials of the light emitting region containing only elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table containing nitrogen
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Abstract
本发明公开一种紫外发光二极管外延结构及其制备方法,包括:提供一衬底;先生长高温AlN层;然后生长低温AlN层;再生长高温AlN层;生长n型AlGaN层;生长有源层;生长p型AlGaN层。由于低温AlN层是三维小岛而不是二维薄膜,再继续生长高温AlN层,三维小岛会慢慢长大并相互吞并,在岛与岛吞并过程中,下层AlN层延伸上来的位错会被弯曲,从而增加位错相互湮灭的几率,提高上层AlN层的晶体质量,提升外延结构层材料的整体结晶质量,提升紫外LED的发光亮度。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于半导体光电子领域,具体涉及一种紫外发光二极管外延结构及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着LED应用的发展,紫外LED的市场需求越来越大,发光波长覆盖210~400nm的紫外LED,具有传统的紫外光源无法比拟的优势。紫外LED不仅可以用在照明领域,同时在生物医疗、防伪鉴定、空气,水质净化、生化检测、高密度信息储存等方面都可替代传统含有毒有害物质的紫外汞灯,在目前的LED背景下,紫外光市场前景非常广阔。
目前,紫外LED外延生长技术还不够成熟,生长高性能紫外LED的材料制备困难,并且p层掺杂难度大,发光区域发光效率低下等限制,导致紫外LED芯片的发光效率不高,制备成本高,难度大,成品率低。
紫外LED芯片市场潜力巨大,应用领域广阔,价格昂贵,因此如何制备结晶质量较好、高功率的紫外LED芯片,是当前亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于:提出一种新的紫外发光二极管外延结构及其制备方法,能够明显改善紫外LED外延生长材料的结晶质量,提升紫外LED的发光亮度。
本发明的技术方案包括:一种紫外发光二极管外延结构及其制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)提供一衬底;
(2)先生长高温AlN层;
(3)然后生长低温AlN层;
(4)再生长高温AlN层;
(5)生长n型AlGaN层;
(6)生长有源层;
(7)生长p型AlGaN层。
以上所称的“高温”、“低温”在本领域是具有明确意义的技术术语。
基于上述基本方案,本发明还做如下优化限定和改进:
上述步骤(2)或(4)高温AlN层的生长温度为1300℃以上,生长压力为50~200torr,厚度为0.5~3μm。
上述步骤(3)低温AlN层的生长温度为600~850℃,生长压力为50~200torr,厚度为0.3~2μm。
上述步骤(2)或(4)中高温AlN层的厚度为0.5~3μm。
上述步骤(3)中低温AlN层的厚度为0.3~2μm。
上述高温AlN层的厚度大于所述低温AlN层的厚度。
上述步骤(6)有源层包括生长若干个周期的AlxGa1-xN/AlyGa1-yN(x<y)量子阱,每个周期中的阱层AlxGa1-xN和垒层AlyGa1-yN的厚度分别为4nm和8nm。
相应的,按照上述方法制得的外延片结构,从下至上依次包括:衬底;高温AlN层;低温AlN层;高温AlN层;n型AlGaN层;有源层以及p型AlGaN层。
该外延结构也相应作如下优化限定:
上述高温AlN层的厚度为0.5~3μm,低温AlN层的厚度为0.3~2μm,高温AlN层的厚度大于所述低温AlN层的厚度。
上述有源层包括若干个周期的AlxGa1-xN/AlyGa1-yN(x<y)量子阱,每个周期中的阱层AlxGa1-xN和垒层AlyGa1-yN的厚度分别为4nm和8nm。
本发明具有以下有益效果:采用先外延生长高温AlN层,然后外延生长低温AlN层,由于低温AlN层是三维小岛而不是二维薄膜,再继续生长高温AlN层,三维小岛会慢慢长大并相互吞并,在岛与岛吞并过程中,底下AlN层延伸上来的位错会被弯曲,从而增加位错相互湮灭的几率,提高上层AlN层的晶体质量,提升紫外LED外延结构层材料的整体结晶质量,提升紫外LED的发光亮度。此外,藉由三维小岛在相互吞并过程中相互挤压,在一定程度上缓解薄膜的张应力,避免薄膜由于张应力过大产生裂纹。
附图说明
图1为本发明的紫外发光二极管的外延结构示意图。
图示说明:100:衬底;101:高温AlN层;102:低温AlN层;103:n型AlGaN层;104:有源层;105:p型AlGaN阻挡层;106:p型AlGaN层;107:p型GaN层。
具体实施方式
本发明采用金属有机化合物化学气相沉淀(MOCVD)外延生长技术,以蓝宝石作为生长衬底,进行外延生长,采用三甲基镓(TMGa),三乙基镓(TEGa),和三甲基铟(TMIn),三甲基铝(TMAl)和氨气(NH3)硅烷(SiH4)和二茂镁(Cp2Mg)分别提供生长所需要的镓源,铟源、铝源、和氮源、硅源、镁源。如图1所示,该紫外LED外延结构的生长过程具体如下:
(1)将蓝宝石作为生长衬底100特殊清洗处理后,放入MOCVD设备在1100℃烘烤10分钟。
(2)升温到1350℃生长一层厚度1.5μm的高温AlN层101,生长压力为150torr。
(3)降温到650℃生长一层厚度1μm的低温AlN层102,生长压力为150torr。
(4)再升温到1350℃生长一层厚度1.5μm的高温AlN层101,生长压力为150torr。
(5)在温度1060℃生长一层厚度500nm的掺杂硅烷的n型AlGaN层103,生长压力为200torr。
(6)在氮气氛围250torr,温度1060℃条件下,生长8个周期的AlxGa1-xN/AlyGa1-yN(x<y)量子阱作为有源层104,量子阱层AlxGa1-xN层和垒层AlyGa1-yN层的厚度分别为4nm和8nm。
(7)在温度1000℃,生长压力为150torr,生长一层掺杂Mg的p型AlGaN阻挡层105,厚度为10nm。
(8)在温度900℃,生长压力为200torr,生长一层掺杂Mg的p型AlGaN层106,厚度为20nm。
(9)在温度850℃,生长压力为300torr,生长一层掺杂Mg的p型GaN层107,厚度为60nm。
(10)在氮气氛围下,退火20分钟,外延生长过程结束。
本实施例采用先外延生长较厚的高温AlN层,然后外延生长较薄的低温AlN层,由于低温AlN层是三维小岛而不是二维薄膜,再继续生长较厚的高温AlN层,三维小岛会慢慢长大并相互吞并,在岛与岛吞并过程中,下层AlN层延伸上来的位错会被弯曲,从而增加位错相互湮灭的几率,提高上层AlN层的晶体质量,提升外延结构层材料的整体结晶质量。此外,藉由三维小岛在相互吞并过程中相互挤压,在一定程度上缓解外延薄膜的张应力,避免外延结构薄膜由于张应力过大产生裂纹。
需要说明的是,以上实施方式仅用于说明本发明,而并非用于限定本发明,本领域的技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,可以对本发明做出各种修饰和变动,因此所有等同的技术方案也属于本发明的范畴,本发明的专利保护范围应视权利要求书范围限定。
Claims (10)
1.一种紫外发光二极管外延结构的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
(1)提供一衬底;
(2)先生长高温AlN层;
(3)然后生长低温AlN层;
(4)再生长高温AlN层;
(5)生长n型AlGaN层;
(6)生长有源层;
(7)生长p型AlGaN层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的紫外发光二极管外延结构的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)或(4)中高温AlN层的生长温度为1300℃以上,生长压力为50~200torr。
3.根据权利要求1所述的紫外发光二极管外延结构的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)中低温AlN层的生长温度为600~850℃,生长压力为50~200torr。
4.根据权利要求1所述的紫外发光二极管外延结构的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)或(4)中高温AlN层的厚度为0.5~3μm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的紫外发光二极管外延结构的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)中低温AlN层的厚度为0.3~2μm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的紫外发光二极管外延结构的制备方法,其特征在于:所述高温AlN层的厚度大于所述低温AlN层的厚度。
7.一种紫外发光二极管外延结构,其特征在于:从下至上依次包括:衬底;高温AlN层;低温AlN层;高温AlN层;n型AlGaN层;有源层以及p型AlGaN层。
8.根据权利要求7所述的紫外发光二极管外延结构,其特征在于:所述高温AlN层的厚度为0.5~3μm。
9.根据权利要求7所述的紫外发光二极管外延结构,其特征在于:所述低温AlN层的厚度为0.3~2μm。
10.根据权利要求7所述的紫外发光二极管外延结构,其特征在于:所述高温AlN层的厚度大于所述低温AlN层的厚度。
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WO2017181710A1 (zh) * | 2016-04-18 | 2017-10-26 | 厦门市三安光电科技有限公司 | 一种紫外发光二极管外延结构及其制备方法 |
CN108767080A (zh) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-06 | 扬州乾照光电有限公司 | 基于AlN衬底的LED外延结构及生长方法和LED |
CN109728138A (zh) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-05-07 | 广东省半导体产业技术研究院 | 氮化铝自支撑衬底及其制备方法 |
CN110504340A (zh) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-11-26 | 福建兆元光电有限公司 | 一种氮化镓发光二极管led外延片的生长方法 |
CN113257969A (zh) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-08-13 | 广东先导稀材股份有限公司 | 非极性AlGaN基紫外LED外延片及制备方法 |
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CN113257969A (zh) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-08-13 | 广东先导稀材股份有限公司 | 非极性AlGaN基紫外LED外延片及制备方法 |
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