CN105756022B - Outlet structure escape works current are bypassed the immediate leadership the prevention and controls and ladder energy dissipater of flowing - Google Patents
Outlet structure escape works current are bypassed the immediate leadership the prevention and controls and ladder energy dissipater of flowing Download PDFInfo
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- CN105756022B CN105756022B CN201610123466.XA CN201610123466A CN105756022B CN 105756022 B CN105756022 B CN 105756022B CN 201610123466 A CN201610123466 A CN 201610123466A CN 105756022 B CN105756022 B CN 105756022B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/06—Spillways; Devices for dissipation of energy, e.g. for reducing eddies also for lock or dry-dock gates
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Abstract
A kind of outlet structure escape works current are bypassed the immediate leadership the prevention and controls and ladder energy dissipater of flowing.Method is that current are led into ladder energy dissipater, and current is first passed around the height being arranged on ladder energy dissipater step elevated drainage voussoir step by step, and keep with matching along Cheng Zeng great current Floyd's algorithm, guiding to form continuous gentle wavy current to flow, make wavy current radius be gradually reduced in smooth mode and finally with downstream dissipator of energy section Current connectin, it is ensured that current smooth out and it is descending step by step.Energy dissipater, it is described to include one section of ladder along the section that becomes a mandarin including smoothing out become a mandarin section and energy dissipating section, drainage voussoir is provided with the steps at different levels of one section of ladder, the energy dissipating section includes being connected another section of ladder with one section of ladder, and end sill is provided with the steps at different levels of one section of ladder.On the other hand one aspect of the present invention obtains efficient effect of energy dissipation by the drainage voussoir stabilization, the smooth-going ladder fluidised form that smooth out the section that becomes a mandarin by the high end sill on energy dissipating section ladder.
Description
Technical field
Bypass the immediate leadership the present invention relates to a kind of outlet structure escape works current in Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering the prevention and controls and ladder of flowing
Energy dissipater, is mainly used in smoothing out and stable ladder fluidised form, it is to avoid the generation of " flowing of bypassing the immediate leadership " phenomenon, while effect of energy dissipation is improved,
Meet the needs such as engineering safety.
Background technology
With continuing to develop that Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering is built, outlet structure escape works high-velocity flow problem becomes increasingly conspicuous.Wherein, disappear
Can erosion control and cavitation and cavitation erosion problem it is particularly noticeable, be always problem urgently to be resolved hurrily in engineering design and restriction sex chromosome mosaicism.
Relative to traditional flood-discharge energy-dissipating mode, stream, underflow, face (bailing bucket) stream are such as chosen, ladder energy dissipater has own characteristic and advantage.Its
In, the horizontal steps that horizontal steps energy dissipater is fixed by some level lengths and height are constituted.Current are descending step by step, made by ladder
With so as to form strong cross rod eddy and aeration, energy is dissipated along flow spaces, to improving scouring before dam, simplify energy dissipating and prevent
Facility is rushed, energy dissipating efficiency is improved, it is to avoid cavitation corrosion and atomization generation etc. have remarkable effect.
Based on horizontal steps energy dissipater, end sill ladder energy dissipater is permanent by the setting structure on every grade of ladder and size
Fixed end sill, bigger space is provided for the violent development of aeration rotary roll, and reduces wavy current radius to increase flow turbulence,
So as to higher effect of energy dissipation.The bigger end sill highly bigger rotary roll size of correspondence and energy and stronger current is disorderly
It is dynamic, bring higher energy dissipation rate.However, end sill height is restricted, it is too high to cause with section current Floyd's algorithm not
Matching, so as to cause the generation of " flowing of bypassing the immediate leadership " phenomenon." flowing of bypassing the immediate leadership " refers to ladder current and runs counter to rule descending step by step, crosses
Some grades of ladders directly impact downstream cascaded surface while forming the phenomenon of cavity.The phenomenon typically occurs in end sill ladder energy dissipater
Inducer, its corresponding structural style and fluidised form parameter be shown in Fig. 1, wherein, a and b are respectively step length and height, m are tail
Bank height, LsFor current length, the H of bypassing the immediate leadershipsFor current height of bypassing the immediate leadership.First, " flowing of bypassing the immediate leadership " can cause the pressure of cascaded surface different
Often, including bypass the immediate leadership negative pressure in current lower cavity and the load increase phenomenon of its shock zone；Secondly, overflow can be caused to turn over
More abutment wall and a series of related safety problems, it is therefore desirable to which higher abutment wall is set in engineering；Finally, effective energy dissipating is reduced
Ladder quantity, effect of energy dissipation is had a negative impact.This will all influence the efficient of ladder energy dissipater structure, safely and stably.
The content of the invention
The present invention proposes that a kind of outlet structure escape works current are bypassed the immediate leadership the prevention and controls and ladder energy dissipater of flowing, a side of the invention
Face by smooth-going become a mandarin section drainage voussoir is stable, smooth-going ladder fluidised form, particularly avoid " flowing of bypassing the immediate leadership " phenomenon generation and
Thus the harm (including pressure anomaly and cross abutment wall) brought, on the other hand obtains height by the high end sill on energy dissipating section ladder
The effect of energy dissipation of effect.
The present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of outlet structure escape works current of the present invention are bypassed the immediate leadership the prevention and controls of flowing, and current are led into ladder energy dissipater,
And current is first passed around the height being arranged on ladder energy dissipater step elevated drainage voussoir step by step, and keep with increasing along journey
Big current Floyd's algorithm matches, and guiding to form continuous gentle wavy current to flow, and makes wavy current radius with smooth
Mode be gradually reduced and finally with downstream dissipator of energy section Current connectin, it is ensured that current smooth out and it is descending step by step.
A kind of outlet structure escape works current of the present invention are bypassed the immediate leadership the prevention and controls ladder energy dissipater of flowing, including smooth out into
Section and energy dissipating section are flowed, the section that becomes a mandarin that smoothes out includes one section of ladder, drainage wedge is provided with the steps at different levels of one section of ladder
Block, the energy dissipating section includes another section of ladder being connected with one section of ladder, on the steps at different levels of another section of ladder
Provided with end sill.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
The end sill height of ladder energy dissipater is bigger, the bigger rotary roll size of correspondence and energy, with regard to that can bring higher energy dissipating
Rate, still, end sill is too high to cause the mismatch with section current Floyd's algorithm, so as to cause the hair of " flowing of bypassing the immediate leadership " phenomenon
It is raw." flowing of bypassing the immediate leadership " refers to ladder current and runs counter to rule descending step by step, and crossing some grades of ladders, directly to impact downstream cascaded surface same
When formed cavity phenomenon, therefore, end sill maximum height is restricted, and it is undesirable that this results in effect of energy dissipation.Height is step by step
The drainage voussoir of increase has broken the limitation to end sill maximum height first, the end sill of ladder energy dissipater is highly able to significantly
Improve, meanwhile, keep with matching along Cheng Zeng great current Floyd's algorithm, in conjunction with the drainage of wedge structure, so as to draw
It is water guide levelling following current warp, descending step by step, smoothly into energy dissipating section and avoid the generation of " flowing of bypassing the immediate leadership " phenomenon, it is to avoid the water surface gushes
Rise etc. fluidised form mutation and deteriorate, wavy current radius be gradually reduced in smooth mode and finally with downstream dissipator of energy section current rank
Connect.
With the elimination that end sill maximum height is limited, the height of end sill can be increased considerably on ladders at different levels, so that shape
Into the ladder flowing with large scale and the aeration rotary roll of energy, energy dissipation rate is significantly improved.The section it is in particular noted that smooth-going becomes a mandarin
Step number must make energy dissipating section have enough ladders to obtain significant effect of energy dissipation significantly less than energy dissipating section, and drainage in addition is filled
The height put must be less than or equal to the height of high bank, it is ensured that current smooth-going enters energy dissipating section.
Fluid stable, effect of energy dissipation raising and the structure and engineering operation security problems of ladder energy dissipater are very heavy
Want.Effectiveness of the invention has obtained verification experimental verification, simple for structure, can be while high energy dissipation rate is obtained, deduction and exemption
The generation and its correlation harm of " flowing of bypassing the immediate leadership " phenomenon, final guarantee energy dissipater's overall structure is with the safety run and stably.
In addition, the present invention has further the advantage that：Structure is arranged and construction is simple；Effectively reduce or remit " flowing of bypassing the immediate leadership " phenomenon；
Optimize flow-shape, control ladder area load；Reduce cascaded surface cavitation erosion risk；Peripheral wall height needed for reducing, it is to avoid because of water
Stream crosses the harm caused by abutment wall；Improve ladder energy dissipater effect of energy dissipation.
The purpose of the present invention, advantage and feature, will be carried out by the non-limitative illustrations of following preferred embodiments diagram and
Explain, these embodiments referring to the drawings only providing as an example.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is end sill ladder energy dissipater structure and flow schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention smoothes out become a mandarin ladder energy dissipater structure and flow schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the experiment photo of scheme 1 under the conditions of the operating mode 1 of engineering construction example 2.
Fig. 4 is the experiment photo of scheme 2 under the conditions of the operating mode 1 of engineering construction example 2.
Fig. 5 is the experiment photo of scheme 3 under the conditions of the operating mode 1 of engineering construction example 2.
Fig. 6 is the experiment photo of scheme 1 under the conditions of the operating mode 2 of engineering construction example 2.
Fig. 7 is the experiment photo of scheme 2 under the conditions of the operating mode 2 of engineering construction example 2.
Fig. 8 is the experiment photo of scheme 3 under the conditions of the operating mode 2 of engineering construction example 2.
In figure, 1 is current of bypassing the immediate leadership, and 2 be the cavity bypassed the immediate leadership below current, and 3 be the shock zone of current of bypassing the immediate leadership, and 4 be smooth-going
Become a mandarin section, and 5 be energy dissipating section, and 6 be drainage voussoir, and 7 be high end sill, and a is step length, and b is ladder height, and n is that smooth-going becomes a mandarin section
Comprising step number, MnThe step number included for drainage wedge height, N by energy dissipating section, M is the end sill height of energy dissipating section, Ls
For the current length, H of bypassing the immediate leadershipsFor current height of bypassing the immediate leadership.
Embodiment
" flowing of bypassing the immediate leadership " prevention and controls and ladder energy dissipater of the present invention, are that ladder is total keeping energy dissipater's total drop
Number it is constant under conditions of, be divided into smooth-going become a mandarin section and energy dissipating section two parts：Drawn by smoothing out the drainage voussoir become a mandarin set by section
Water guide levelling is suitable, descending step by step, it is to avoid the generation of " flowing of bypassing the immediate leadership "；With the high end sill of energy dissipating section, increase mixing for ladder current
Cyclone rolls size and energy, significantly improves effect of energy dissipation.
Embodiment 1
A kind of outlet structure escape works current are bypassed the immediate leadership the prevention and controls of flowing, current are led into ladder energy dissipater, and make current first
The height being arranged on ladder energy dissipater step elevated drainage voussoir 6 step by step is first passed through, and is kept and the current along Cheng Zeng great
Floyd's algorithm matches, and guiding to form continuous gentle wavy current to flow, make wavy current radius in smooth mode gradually
Reduce and finally with downstream dissipator of energy section Current connectin, it is ensured that current smooth-going and it is descending step by step.
Embodiment 2
A kind of outlet structure escape works current are bypassed the immediate leadership the prevention and controls ladder energy dissipater of flowing, including smooth-going becomes a mandarin and section 4 and disappeared
Energy section 5, it is described to include one section of ladder along the section 4 that becomes a mandarin, drainage voussoir 6 is provided with the steps at different levels of one section of ladder, it is described
Energy dissipating section 5 includes another section of ladder being connected with one section of ladder, and tail is provided with the steps at different levels of another section of ladder
Bank 7.In the present embodiment, the height of the drainage voussoir 6 on the step of one section of ladder increases step by step, and meets M1＜ M2
＜ ... ＜ Mn≤ M, M1、M2、…、MnRespectively described one section of ladder the 1st, 2 ..., the drainage wedge height on n grades of steps, M
For the end sill height on the step of another section of ladder；Energy dissipating section step number N becomes a mandarin a section step number n more than smooth-going.Ensure to disappear
Energy section carries out abundant energy dissipating comprising enough ladders to ladder flowing.
With reference to the accompanying drawings, the embodiment to the present invention makes more detailed description.
Smooth-going involved in the present invention becomes a mandarin ladder energy dissipater, as shown in Fig. 2 wherein a is step length, b is that ladder is high
Degree, n is become a mandarin the step number that section includes, M by smooth-goingnThe step number included for drainage wedge height, N by energy dissipating section, M is to disappear
The high bank height of energy section.
For end sill ladder energy dissipater, it is consistent, is become a mandarin due to lacking smooth-going along journey ladder and end sill size
Guiding and stabilization of the section to current, energy dissipating is started to flow directly through end sill ladder.When in order to improve end sill ladder energy dissipating
The energy dissipation rate of work and when increasing end sill height, too high end sill height m is mismatched with the less current Floyd's algorithm of inducer, meeting
Significant " flowing of bypassing the immediate leadership " phenomenon is caused, so as to endanger engineering safety and reduce effect of energy dissipation on the contrary.This reflects that end sill is high
It is restricted to spend m.And the smooth-going of the present invention becomes a mandarin ladder energy dissipater, on the premise of keeping total step number constant, it is divided into flat
Along section and the energy dissipating section two parts setting of becoming a mandarin.The smooth-going drainage voussoir guiding that section increases step by step that becomes a mandarin carrys out levelling following current warp, step by step
Descending, finally and successfully entrance energy dissipating section carries out energy dissipating.In this process, drainage wedge height MnRemain with current not you
The matching of moral number, in conjunction with the drainage of wedge structure, so as to avoid the generation of " flowing of bypassing the immediate leadership ".Energy dissipating section has enough
Step number, and end sill height M on ladder at different levels is noticeably greater than m, the smooth-going ladder energy dissipater that becomes a mandarin is had and is significantly disappeared
Can effect.
More detailed description is made to the present invention with reference to model test embodiment.
Following model embodiments are according to the drain tank engineering design of some hydropower station hinge left bank.This lets out groove drop 82.8m, current
Enter ladder energy dissipater through height for 7.2m WES curved sections.Ladder energy dissipater is altogether comprising 21 grades of ladders, and step length is
4.4m, is highly 3.6m.Well width 11.0m is let out, maximum stream flow is 426.0m3/s.Model is designed according to gravity similarity criterion, than
Chi is 1/40, and experimental rig includes water pump, water inlet pipe, steel plate water tank, mold segment and return water system.
With above-mentioned model, specialized in smooth-going and become a mandarin the fluidised form and dissipation characteristics of ladder energy dissipater, and with end sill rank
Terraced energy dissipater designs 3 schemes altogether through having gone contrast, and model parameter is as follows, design parameter implication such as Fig. 1-Fig. 3：Scheme 1 is water
Flat ladder energy dissipater, totally 21 grades of ladders, a=11.0cm, b=9.0cm；Scheme 2 is end sill ladder energy dissipater, totally 21 grades of ladders, a
=11.0cm, b=9.0cm, m=4.2cm；Scheme 3 is to smooth out become a mandarin ladder energy dissipater totally 21 grades of ladders, a=11.0cm, b=
9.0cm, n=3, M1=1cm, M2=2cm, M2=3cm, N=18, M=4.2cm.Energy dissipation rate η is flowed by measuring and goes out to flow energy
Measure head H0And H1Conversion is obtained, current length of bypassing the immediate leadership LsWith for height HsMeasured by Fig. 1.
Each scheme model energy dissipation rate of table 1, current length of bypassing the immediate leadership, current height of bypassing the immediate leadership
The fluidised form and dissipation characteristics of the displaying scheme 1- schemes 3 of table 1, operating mode 1 and operating mode 2 correspond to prototype discharge per unit width respectively
19.1m2/ s and 32.2m2/s.Fig. 3-Fig. 8 is fluidised form photo of each scheme at operating mode 1 and 2.It can be seen that, by ranks at different levels
End sill is set on ladder, although scheme 2 increases effect of energy dissipation compared with scheme 1, but too high end sill is also resulted in and significantly " bypassed the immediate leadership
Flowing " phenomenon occurs as shown in figs. 4 and 7, and current length of bypassing the immediate leadership and height are larger, and this represents that m=4.2cm has exceeded to tail
The limitation of bank height, does not allow in the design；Scheme 3 not only has bigger effect of energy dissipation compared with scheme 1 and scheme 2, and
And as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 8, overall fluidised form smooth-going is stable, and current are descending step by step, do not occur " flowing of bypassing the immediate leadership ", and this shows for flat
Along the ladder energy dissipater that becomes a mandarin, the design of drainage voussoir and end sill height is rational.Testing data shows, smoothes out out stream ladder and disappears
Can work energy dissipating is carried out along energy dissipating section is entered come levelling by the smooth-going section guiding that becomes a mandarin, it is to avoid " flowing of bypassing the immediate leadership " phenomenon and correlation
Harm, so as to allow to set higher end sill in energy dissipating section, to obtain compared with horizontal steps energy dissipater and end sill ladder energy dissipater more
For significant effect of energy dissipation." flowing of the bypassing the immediate leadership " prevention and controls of ladder energy dissipater proposed by the invention and the smooth-going ladder that becomes a mandarin disappear
Energy work, validity is sufficiently proved.
Claims (4)
- The prevention and controls of flowing 1. a kind of outlet structure escape works current are bypassed the immediate leadership, it is characterized in that, current are led into ladder energy dissipater, and make Current first pass around the height being arranged on ladder energy dissipater step elevated drainage voussoir (6) step by step, and keep with increasing along journey Big current Floyd's algorithm matches, and guiding to form continuous gentle wavy current to flow, and makes wavy current radius with smooth Mode be gradually reduced and finally with downstream dissipator of energy section Current connectin, it is ensured that current smooth out and it is descending step by step.
- The ladder energy dissipater used in the prevention and controls of flowing 2. outlet structure escape works current described in a kind of claim 1 are bypassed the immediate leadership, its It is characterised by, including smoothes out become a mandarin section (4) and energy dissipating section (5), the section (4) that becomes a mandarin that smoothes out includes one section of ladder, described one The steps at different levels of section ladder are provided with drainage voussoir (6), and the energy dissipating section (5) includes another section be connected with one section of ladder Ladder, is provided with end sill (7) on the steps at different levels of another section of ladder.
- 3. ladder energy dissipater according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the drainage voussoir on the step of one section of ladder (6) height increases step by step, and meets M1＜ M2＜ ... ＜ Mn≤ M, M1、M2、...、MnRespectively described one section of ladder the 1st, 2nd ..., the drainage wedge height on n grades of steps, M is the end sill height on the step of another section of ladder.
- 4. ladder energy dissipater according to claim 2, it is characterised in that energy dissipating section step number N becomes a mandarin a section rank more than smooth-going Terraced number n.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610123466.XA CN105756022B (en) | 2016-03-03 | 2016-03-03 | Outlet structure escape works current are bypassed the immediate leadership the prevention and controls and ladder energy dissipater of flowing |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610123466.XA CN105756022B (en) | 2016-03-03 | 2016-03-03 | Outlet structure escape works current are bypassed the immediate leadership the prevention and controls and ladder energy dissipater of flowing |
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| CN105756022A CN105756022A (en) | 2016-07-13 |
| CN105756022B true CN105756022B (en) | 2017-11-03 |
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| CN106702978B (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2018-10-23 | 河海大学 | The heads such as low overfall dam energy-dissipating structure step by step |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU479848A1 (en) * | 1972-02-29 | 1975-08-05 | Государственный Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Среднеазиатский Проектно-Изыскательский И Научно-Исследовательский Институт По Ирригационному И Мелиоративному Строительству "Средазгипроводхлопок" Им. А.А.Саркисова | Device for extinguishing the energy of the flow in hydraulic structures |
| CN102677640A (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-09-19 | 四川大学 | Step energy dissipater comprising reverse arc surfaces |
| CN102720171A (en) * | 2012-05-24 | 2012-10-10 | 四川大学 | Adverse slope type step energy dissipater |
| CN204662380U (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-09-23 | 三峡大学 | A kind of bench spillway |
-
2016
- 2016-03-03 CN CN201610123466.XA patent/CN105756022B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU479848A1 (en) * | 1972-02-29 | 1975-08-05 | Государственный Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Среднеазиатский Проектно-Изыскательский И Научно-Исследовательский Институт По Ирригационному И Мелиоративному Строительству "Средазгипроводхлопок" Им. А.А.Саркисова | Device for extinguishing the energy of the flow in hydraulic structures |
| CN102720171A (en) * | 2012-05-24 | 2012-10-10 | 四川大学 | Adverse slope type step energy dissipater |
| CN102677640A (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-09-19 | 四川大学 | Step energy dissipater comprising reverse arc surfaces |
| CN204662380U (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-09-23 | 三峡大学 | A kind of bench spillway |
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