CN105714747A - Stepped energy dissipator with convex bodies and flow diffusers and energy dissipation method - Google Patents
Stepped energy dissipator with convex bodies and flow diffusers and energy dissipation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105714747A CN105714747A CN201610113862.4A CN201610113862A CN105714747A CN 105714747 A CN105714747 A CN 105714747A CN 201610113862 A CN201610113862 A CN 201610113862A CN 105714747 A CN105714747 A CN 105714747A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/06—Spillways; Devices for dissipation of energy, e.g. for reducing eddies also for lock or dry-dock gates
Abstract
The invention discloses a stepped energy dissipator with convex bodies and flow diffusers and an energy dissipation method. The energy dissipator comprises a stepped energy dissipater body, wherein the stepped energy dissipater body is characterized in that a convex body and a flow diffuser, namely, a right angle triangular prism attached to the convex body are arranged at the tail end of each step, and a rolling space is formed by the step, the convex body and the flow diffuser, so that water flows generate rolling energy dissipation in the rolling space. The energy dissipation method comprises the following steps that the water flows are led to the stepped energy dissipator with the convex bodies and the flow diffusers, after the water flows flow into the steps of the stepped energy dissipator, the joint and transition effects of the right angle triangular prisms are utilized, the water flows are guided to sequentially pass through the flow diffusers and the convex bodies in a manner of being close to the structural surface, and the water flows generate the rolling energy dissipation in the rolling spaces formed by the steps, the convex bodies and the flow diffusers, so that the raising of water depth along the way and the fluctuation of the water flows are effectively reduced, and the water flows flow to the next-stage steps. According to the stepped energy dissipator and the energy dissipation method disclosed by the invention, the energy dissipation effect is improved, and besides, smooth and stable stepped flowing of the water flows is guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of energy dissipater in Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering outlet structure escape works and energy dissipating method, particularly relate to convex body air deflector ladder energy dissipater and corresponding energy dissipating method.
Background technology
Due to the convenient construction that grinding coagulation soil technical development brings, and in dissipation and scouring and feature and the advantage in preventing cavitation and cavitation erosion with self, ladder energy dissipater is increasingly widely applied in Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering.It utilizes build particularity to change water flow structure, slope step is formed strong cross rod eddy and current aeration, make potential energy can change with heat energy to turbulent fluctuation and dissipate along flow spaces, to improving scouring before dam, simplify downstream dissipator of energy erosion control facility, improve energy dissipating efficiency, it is to avoid cavitation corrosion and atomization generation etc. have remarkable effect.
Horizontal steps energy dissipater be made up of horizontal bench, and rotary roll betides step tip line and in the closed space of step surface formation, is defined as rotary roll space.Research shows, rotary roll space is more big, and rotary roll development is more abundant and size is more big, thus needing to consume more flow energy to maintain rotary roll motion, namely correspond to higher energy dissipating efficiency.Tail bank ladder energy dissipater arranges tail bank to reach increase rotary roll space and then improve the purpose of energy dissipation rate in horizontal bench, corresponding rotary roll space is the closed space that tail bank tip line is formed with body structure surface, therefore it increases along with the increase of tail bank height, thus promoting energy dissipation rate significantly.But, tail bank arranges the structural mutation brought can cause obvious disturbance to ladder flowing, therefore its height is restricted, the degree of crushing of too high tail bank aggravation water flow structure, cause that ladder fluidised form worsens, greatly drive up along Cheng Shuishen and big ups and downs, even bring out current and jump out of staircase phenomenon, cause energy dissipation rate reduction, pressure anomaly and overflow to cross the problems such as abutment wall.Therefore, how while improving energy dissipater's effect of energy dissipation, it is ensured that the smooth-going of ladder fluidised form is stable, it is to avoid ladder fluidised form worsens, it is the Important Problems of current ladder energy dissipater research.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of effect of energy dissipation that can improve and has ladder fluidised form and the less convex body air deflector ladder energy dissipater along Cheng Shuishen and water flow fluctuation and energy dissipating method more stably simultaneously.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of convex body air deflector ladder energy dissipater of the present invention, including: ladder energy dissipater, described ladder energy dissipater is respectively provided with convex body and the air deflector being fitted on convex body and right-angle prismatic post at every grade of step end, and constituted rotary roll space by step, convex body and air deflector, make current that rotary roll energy dissipating to occur in rotary roll space.
A kind of energy dissipating method utilizing described convex body air deflector ladder energy dissipater to carry out energy dissipating of the present invention, every one-level step end at ladder energy dissipater is respectively provided with convex body and the air deflector being fitted on convex body and right-angle prismatic post, and current are caused convex body air deflector ladder energy dissipater, after current flow into the step of ladder energy dissipater, utilize the linking of right-angle prismatic post and transitional function, guide current to be close to body structure surface and pass sequentially through air deflector and convex body, current are by step, convex body and air deflector constitute generation rotary roll energy dissipating in rotary roll space, effectively reduce and raise and water flow fluctuation along Cheng Shuishen, flow into next stage step again.
Compared with prior art, present invention have the advantage that
Current flow through convex body air deflector ladder energy dissipater and form ladder flowing, rotary roll betides in the closed space that convex body tip line and energy dissipating construction surface are formed and consumes flow energy, this closed space is rotary roll space, it increases along with the setting of convex body and the increase of convex body height, brings being obviously improved of effect of energy dissipation；The air deflector that adjacent convex body is arranged, effectively it is connected and transitional function by its accumbency right-angle prismatic cylinder-type, guide current to be close to body structure surface and pass sequentially through air deflector and convex body, significantly reduce because arranging the fluidised form corruptions such as aggravation of raising along Cheng Shuishen and fluctuate that convex body brings, therefore, it is allowed to convex body arranges bigger height, namely the restriction to tail bank height is broken, thus significantly improving effect of energy dissipation, ensureing that the smooth-going of ladder flowing is stable simultaneously, meeting requirement of engineering.It is important to note that, under ensureing the premise that structural strength and air deflector drainage effect meet requirement, convex body length and air deflector height and length will be as far as possible little, to obtain bigger rotary roll space and then to promote energy dissipation rate, air deflector height is also less than convex body height simultaneously, to ensure the energy dissipating effect of convex body.Therefore, present configuration is arranged and constructs simple；Significantly improve ladder energy dissipater effect of energy dissipation；Ladder flowing is stablized in smooth-going；Control raising and water flow fluctuation along Cheng Shuishen；Prevent from current from jumping out of staircase phenomenon to occur；Reduce required peripheral wall height, it is to avoid because current cross the harm that abutment wall causes.
The present invention, to being effectively improved ladder energy dissipater effect of energy dissipation, controls fluidised form simultaneously and worsens, it is ensured that the smooth-going of ladder fluidised form is stably significantly.
The purpose of the present invention, advantage and feature, by for illustration and explanation by the non-limitative illustration of following preferred embodiments, these embodiments are only used as example with reference to accompanying drawing and provide.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the geometric parameter schematic diagram of convex body air deflector ladder energy dissipater of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the experiment photo of scheme 2 under engineering construction example 2 operating mode 2 condition.
Fig. 4 is the experiment photo of scheme 3 under engineering construction example 2 operating mode 2 condition.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of convex body air deflector ladder energy dissipating method of the present invention, namely on the basis of horizontal steps energy dissipater, by arranging convex body and the air deflector of adjacent convex body at step ends at different levels, respectively reach and increase energy dissipating and reduce the purpose of the depth of water and water flow fluctuation, optimization fluidised form.Wherein, the effect of convex body is to form bigger rotary roll space thus increasing the energy dissipating efficiency of energy dissipater, and the effect of air deflector is to guide current to be close to body structure surface to pass sequentially through air deflector and convex body, effectively reduces the depth of water and water flow fluctuation, optimization ladder fluidised form.
Embodiment 1
A kind of energy dissipating method utilizing convex body air deflector ladder energy dissipater to carry out energy dissipating, every one-level step end at ladder energy dissipater is respectively provided with convex body 1 and the air deflector being fitted on convex body and right-angle prismatic post 2, and current are caused convex body air deflector ladder energy dissipater, after current flow into the step of ladder energy dissipater, utilize the linking of right-angle prismatic post and transitional function, guide current to be close to body structure surface and pass sequentially through air deflector 2 and convex body 1, current are by step, convex body 1 and air deflector 2 constitute generation rotary roll energy dissipating in rotary roll space 3, effectively reduce and raise and water flow fluctuation along Cheng Shuishen, flow into next stage step again.
The present embodiment uses convex body air deflector ladder energy dissipater that the stream that sluices under hydraulic engineering is implemented energy dissipating, described convex body air deflector ladder energy dissipater is arranging air deflector and the right-angle prismatic post 2 of convex body 1 and adjacent convex body along journey step at different levels end, and the step of described earial drainage and energy dissipating is as follows:
Current flow through convex body air deflector ladder energy dissipater and form ladder flowing, rotary roll betides in the closed space that the most advanced and sophisticated line of convex body 1 and energy dissipating construction surface are formed and consumes flow energy, rotary roll space 3 increases along with the setting of convex body 1 and the increase of height, brings being obviously improved of effect of energy dissipation；The air deflector 2 that adjacent convex body is arranged, effectively it is connected and transitional function by its accumbency right-angle prismatic cylinder-type, guide current to be close to body structure surface and pass sequentially through air deflector 2 and convex body 1, significantly reduce because arranging the fluidised form corruptions such as aggravation of raising along Cheng Shuishen and fluctuate that convex body 1 brings, therefore, it is allowed to convex body 1 arranges bigger height, namely the restriction to tail bank height is broken, thus significantly improving effect of energy dissipation, ensureing that the smooth-going of ladder flowing is stable simultaneously, meeting requirement of engineering.It is important to note that, under ensureing the premise that structural strength and air deflector drainage effect meet demand, convex body 1 length and air deflector 2 height and length will be as far as possible little, energy dissipation rate is promoted to obtain bigger rotary roll space 3, air deflector height 2 is also less than convex body 1 height simultaneously, to ensure the energy dissipating effect of convex body 1.
Embodiment 2
A kind of convex body air deflector ladder energy dissipater, including: ladder energy dissipater, described ladder energy dissipater is respectively provided with convex body 1 and the air deflector being fitted on convex body and right-angle prismatic post 2 at every grade of step end, and constituted rotary roll space 3 by step, convex body 1 and air deflector 2, make current that rotary roll energy dissipating to occur in rotary roll space.Convex body 1 in the present embodiment is higher than air deflector and right-angle prismatic post 2.
The present embodiment respectively reaches to be increased energy dissipating and reduces the purpose of the depth of water and water flow fluctuation, optimization fluidised form, makes energy dissipater meet requirement of engineering.
Convex body air deflector ladder energy dissipater, its structure is at the air deflector 2 arranging convex body 1 and adjacent convex body along journey stepped ends at different levels, arranging of convex body 1 increases rotary roll space 3, to improve energy dissipation rate, air deflector 2 guides current to be close to body structure surface and passes sequentially through air deflector 2 and convex body 1, reduces because arranging the fluidised form corruptions such as aggravation of raising along Cheng Shuishen and fluctuate that convex body 1 brings.
With reference to the accompanying drawings, the specific embodiment of the present invention is made more detailed description.
Convex body air deflector ladder energy dissipater involved in the present invention, as Figure 1-Figure 2, wherein, a is step length, and b is ladder height, l1For convex body length, h1For convex body height, l2Air deflector length, h2For air deflector height, w is for letting out groove, convex body and air deflector width.
The method that disappears for horizontal steps and energy dissipater, rotary roll space is the closed space that ladder tip line is formed with stepped surfaces, and volume is a × b × w.The present invention is by arranging convex body, and rotary roll space is increased to the closed space that convex body tip line is formed with energy dissipating construction surface, and volume reaches (a × b+a × h1-l1×h1-l2×h2) × w, as it is shown in figure 1, be significantly greater than horizontal steps energy dissipater.For tail bank ladder energy dissipating method and energy dissipater, tail bank arranges the structural mutation brought can cause obvious disturbance to ladder flowing, and too high tail bank can aggravate the degree of crushing of water flow structure, causes that ladder fluidised form worsens.The present invention is adjacent, and convex body arranges air deflector, effectively it is connected and transitional function by its accumbency right-angle prismatic cylinder-type, guide current to be close to body structure surface and pass sequentially through air deflector and convex body, effectively control to raise along Cheng Shuishen and water flow fluctuation aggravation, thus allowing to arrange higher convex body structure to obtain better effect of energy dissipation.
Below in conjunction with model test embodiment, the present invention is made more detailed description.
Following model embodiment is according to the drain tank engineering design of some hydropower station hinge left bank.This lets out groove drop 82.8m, and water flows through and highly enters ladder energy dissipater for the WES curved section of 7.2m.Ladder energy dissipater comprises 21 grades of ladders altogether, and step length is 4.4m, is highly 3.6m.Letting out well width 11.0m, maximum stream flow is 426.0m3/ s.Model designs according to gravity similarity criterion, and guide is 1/40, and assay device includes water pump, water inlet pipe, steel plate water tank, mold segment and return water system.
Use above-mentioned model, energy dissipating and the flow characteristic of convex body air deflector ladder energy dissipater are specialized in, and respectively with horizontal steps energy dissipater and tail bank ladder energy dissipater through having gone contrast, 3 schemes of design altogether, model parameter is as follows, design parameter implication such as Fig. 1-Fig. 2: scheme 1 is horizontal steps energy dissipater, totally 21 grades of ladders, a=11.0cm, b=9.0cm, w=11.0cm；Scheme 2 is tail bank ladder energy dissipater, totally 21 grades of ladders, a=11.0cm, b=9.0cm, w=11.0cm, and tail bank height is 4.2cm, and tail bank length is 0.8cm；Scheme 3 is convex body air deflector ladder energy dissipater, totally 21 grades of ladders, a=11.0cm, b=9.0cm, w=11.0cm, h1=4.2cm, l1=0.8cm, h2=3.0cm, l2=3.0cm.Energy dissipation rate η is by measuring incoming flow and going out stream energy head H0And H1Conversion obtains, and test thinks that each scheme has all formed equal uniform flow, corresponding uniform flow depth H on the 18th grade of ladderu18th grade of ladder is measured.
The each scheme energy dissipation rate of table 1
The energy dissipation rate of table 1 displaying scheme 1-scheme 3, operating mode 1-operating mode 3 is corresponding prototype discharge per unit width 19.12m respectively2/s、47.39m2/ s and 62.92m2/ s.It will be seen that scheme 2 increases rotary roll space by arranging tail bank, relatively scheme 1 energy dissipation rate when operating mode 1-operating mode 3 promotes 4.9%, 24.9% and 41.4% respectively；Scheme 3 increases rotary roll space by arranging convex body, and relatively scheme 1 energy dissipation rate when operating mode 1-operating mode 3 promotes 3.4%, 24.0% and 41.2% respectively.This shows that scheme 3 relatively scheme 1 is obviously improved in energy dissipating, and obtains the notable effect of energy dissipation approximate with scheme 2.Test also records under operating mode 2 condition, scheme 2 and the scheme 3 depth of water H on the 18th grade of ladderuData, corresponding fluidised form photo is as Figure 3-Figure 4.The H of scheme 2u=13.2～18.6cm, the H of scheme 3u=12.8～13.9cm, it is seen then that scheme 3 relatively scheme 2 effectively reduces the depth of water and controls water flow fluctuation, and wherein depth of water maximum reduces 25.3%, and fluidised form photo also demonstrate that this conclusion.Testing data shows, convex body air deflector ladder energy dissipating method and energy dissipater arrange convex body and the air deflector of adjacent convex body at stepped ends, relative level ladder energy dissipater significantly improves energy dissipation rate, effect of energy dissipation is similar to tail bank ladder energy dissipater, simultaneously relatively tail bank ladder energy dissipater has and more smoothes out stable ladder fluidised form, and the less depth of water and water flow fluctuation.Energy dissipating method that the present invention proposes and energy dissipater, the fluidised form corruptions such as while significantly improving effect of energy dissipation, control water depth is raised, water flow fluctuation aggravation, effectiveness is proved fully.
Claims (3)
1. a convex body air deflector ladder energy dissipater, including: ladder energy dissipater, it is characterized in that, described ladder energy dissipater is respectively provided with convex body (1) and the air deflector being fitted on convex body and right-angle prismatic post (2) at every grade of step end, and constituted rotary roll space (3) by step, convex body (1) and air deflector (2), make current that rotary roll energy dissipating to occur in rotary roll space.
2. convex body air deflector ladder energy dissipater according to claim 1, it is characterised in that convex body (1) is higher than air deflector and right-angle prismatic post (2).
3. one kind utilizes convex body air deflector ladder energy dissipater described in claim 1 to carry out the energy dissipating method of energy dissipating, it is characterized in that, every one-level step end at ladder energy dissipater is respectively provided with convex body (1) and the air deflector being fitted on convex body and right-angle prismatic post (2), and current are caused convex body air deflector ladder energy dissipater, after current flow into the step of ladder energy dissipater, utilize the linking of right-angle prismatic post and transitional function, guide current to be close to body structure surface and pass sequentially through air deflector (2) and convex body (1), current are by step, convex body (1) and air deflector (2) constitute generation rotary roll energy dissipating in rotary roll space (3), effectively reduce and raise and water flow fluctuation along Cheng Shuishen, flow into next stage step again.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111121854A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-08 | 南昌工程学院 | Device for measuring energy dissipation rate of trajectory jet energy dissipater and using method |
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| RU2233362C1 (en) * | 2003-05-30 | 2004-07-27 | Носов Евгений Георгиевич | Reconstruction method for spill-away of high concrete arched barrage (variants) |
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| CN103382717A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-11-06 | 河海大学 | Stepped energy dissipation method and energy dissipater through aerification in pre-positioned aerification tanks |
| CN204662380U (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-09-23 | 三峡大学 | A kind of bench spillway |
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2016
- 2016-02-29 CN CN201610113862.4A patent/CN105714747A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
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| SU968155A1 (en) * | 1981-03-09 | 1982-10-23 | Среднеазиатское Отделение Всесоюзного Ордена Ленина Проектно-Изыскательского И Научно-Исследовательского Института "Гидропроект" Им.С.Я.Жука | Underground spillway |
| RU2233362C1 (en) * | 2003-05-30 | 2004-07-27 | Носов Евгений Георгиевич | Reconstruction method for spill-away of high concrete arched barrage (variants) |
| CN102677640A (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-09-19 | 四川大学 | Step energy dissipater comprising reverse arc surfaces |
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| CN111121854A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-08 | 南昌工程学院 | Device for measuring energy dissipation rate of trajectory jet energy dissipater and using method |
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