CN108629070A - A kind of lateral influent stream pumping plant model test method for rectifying - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种侧向进流泵站模型试验整流方法，包括步骤1：设置侧向进流泵站前池整治措施，步骤2：按照设置方案构建物理模型，步骤3：按照设置方案构建数学模型并计算，步骤4：物理模型计算结果与数学模型计算结果对比分析，步骤5：综合分析方案计算结果，得出最优侧向泵站前池整治方案。本发明，泵站进水流态的改善可以有效地提高水泵的运行性能，减少泥沙淤积，提高泵站运行的可靠性和经济性，降低成本，提高效益。
The invention discloses a rectification method for a model test of a lateral inflow pumping station, which includes step 1: setting up measures for the forebay of the lateral inflow pumping station, step 2: constructing a physical model according to the setting plan, and step 3: constructing according to the setting plan Mathematical model and calculation, step 4: comparative analysis of physical model calculation results and mathematical model calculation results, step 5: comprehensive analysis of program calculation results, and obtain the optimal lateral pumping station forebay renovation plan. In the present invention, the improvement of the water inlet flow state of the pump station can effectively improve the operation performance of the water pump, reduce sediment deposition, improve the reliability and economy of the pump station operation, reduce the cost and improve the benefit.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种侧向进流泵站模型试验整流方法，属于水利模拟试验技术领域。The invention relates to a rectification method for a model test of a lateral inflow pumping station, belonging to the technical field of water conservancy simulation tests.
背景技术Background technique
泵站的进水前池是把渠道与进水流道合理衔接的重要水工构筑物，主要有正向进水前池和侧向进水前池两大类。前池中的流态应该要满足流速分布均匀，水流顺畅，池内不产生涡流等水力条件，以便于水流能够流态良好的进入进水流道，从而提供水泵良好的进水条件。实际试验观测以及后期理论研究证明，不良的前池使前池水流产生回流、漩涡、进水水流紊乱、恶化水泵吸水条件，导致水泵装置效率下降，从而导致泵房和机组震动，严重时可能导致泵启动困难、汽蚀、振协和噪音等。在含沙量比较多的河道的泵站中，前池不良水力条件还会引起前池池底的淤积或冲刷。因此，通过必要的措施来改善泵站前池的水流流态，对于提高水泵装置效率、防止泥沙淤积具有重要意义。The water inlet forebay of the pumping station is an important hydraulic structure that reasonably connects the channel and the water inlet flow channel. There are two main types: the forward water inlet forebay and the side water inlet forebay. The flow state in the forebay should meet the hydraulic conditions such as uniform flow velocity distribution, smooth water flow, and no eddy current in the pool, so that the water flow can enter the water inlet channel in a good flow state, thereby providing good water inlet conditions for the pump. Actual test observations and later theoretical studies have proved that poor forebay water flow in the forebay produces backflow, vortex, influent water flow disorder, worsening water absorption conditions of the pump, resulting in a decrease in the efficiency of the pump device, resulting in vibration of the pump room and the unit, and in severe cases may cause Difficulty in starting the pump, cavitation, vibration and noise, etc. In the pumping station of the river channel with relatively large sediment content, the poor hydraulic conditions of the forebay will also cause siltation or erosion of the bottom of the forebay. Therefore, it is of great significance to improve the efficiency of the pumping device and prevent sedimentation by taking necessary measures to improve the flow pattern of the forebay of the pumping station.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决上述存在的问题，本发明公开了一种侧向进流泵站模型试验整流方法，其具体技术方案如下：In order to solve the above-mentioned existing problems, the present invention discloses a rectification method for a model test of a lateral inflow pumping station, and its specific technical scheme is as follows:
一种侧向进流泵站模型试验整流方法，包括以下操作步骤：A rectification method for a model test of a lateral inflow pumping station, comprising the following steps:
步骤1：设置侧向进流泵站前池Step 1: Setting up the forebay of the side-flow pumping station
在侧向进流泵站前池中设置“T”字型导流墩，“T”型导流墩墩顶高程等于最低水位，导流墩各边角度均为倒圆角；Set up a "T"-shaped diversion pier in the forebay of the lateral inflow pumping station. The elevation of the top of the "T"-shaped diversion pier is equal to the lowest water level, and the angles of each side of the diversion pier are rounded;
步骤2：按照各个设置方案构建物理模型Step 2: Build a Physical Model Following Each Setup Scenario
物理模型即是前池流态模型，前池流态模型的范围包括引河、前池、进水池及进水管，进水管包括喇叭管，模型河道的上游边界取在进水池前6.5倍最大水面宽度处，模型河道的下游边界取在进水池后1.5倍最大水面宽度处，The physical model is the flow model of the forebay. The range of the forebay flow model includes the diversion river, the forebay, the water inlet tank and the water inlet pipe. The water inlet pipe includes the trumpet pipe. The upstream boundary of the model river is 6.5 times the maximum water surface width in front of the water inlet pool , the downstream boundary of the model channel is taken at 1.5 times the maximum water surface width after entering the pool,
试验时，模型装置由供水泵供水，各泵流量分别由装各自管路中的4台电磁流量计测量、并由4台闸阀分别调节，以保证各泵流量相同；During the test, the model device is supplied with water by the water supply pump, and the flow rate of each pump is measured by 4 electromagnetic flowmeters installed in their respective pipelines, and adjusted by 4 gate valves to ensure that the flow rate of each pump is the same;
步骤3：按照设置方案构建数学模型并计算运用RNGk-ε模型进行前池流态模型构建：Step 3: Construct a mathematical model according to the setting plan and calculate the forebay flow model using the RNGk-ε model:
RNGk-ε模型考虑了平均流动中的旋转及旋流情况，它能够处理稿应变率及流线弯曲程度大的流动，The RNGk-ε model considers the rotation and swirl in the average flow, and it can handle the flow with a large strain rate and streamline curvature.
其k方程和ε方程如下：Its k equation and ε equation are as follows:
式中， In the formula,
常数取值为αk＝αε＝1.39，C1ε＝1.42；C2ε＝1.68，，η0＝4.377，β＝0.012；The values of the constants are α k = α ε = 1.39, C 1ε = 1.42; C 2ε = 1.68, η 0 = 4.377, β = 0.012;
步骤4：物理模型计算结果与数学模型计算结果对比分析前池原型计算结果：Step 4: Compare and analyze the calculation results of the forebay prototype with the calculation results of the physical model and the mathematical model:
该方案前池内不加任何整流措施，设计水位下，由于丁字河口来流侧向进水，前池内出现大范围的漩涡，两个漩涡由面层到底层逐渐减小，漩涡区域的流速为0，长时间的运行之后会在此形成淤积，从而影响泵站的安全和稳定运行；This scheme does not add any rectification measures in the forebay. Under the design water level, due to the lateral water inflow from the T-shaped estuary, a large-scale vortex appears in the forebay. The two vortices gradually decrease from the surface layer to the bottom layer, and the flow velocity in the vortex area is 0. , after a long period of operation, silt will be formed here, which will affect the safe and stable operation of the pumping station;
“T”字型导流墩计算结果：Calculation results of "T" shape diversion pier:
水流分流进入靠近上游侧的比重更大，从而消除靠近上游侧大漩涡更加有效，同时靠近上游侧漩涡边缘处分离出小漩涡，此外，还调整了背水侧的导流墩，目的是减弱水流分流之后在背水侧形成的水涡；同时延长了导流墩与进水口的距离，使得墩后的漩涡对于进水口流态的影响降低；The proportion of water diversion into the upstream side is larger, so it is more effective to eliminate the large vortex near the upstream side, and at the same time, the small vortex is separated near the edge of the upstream side vortex. In addition, the diversion pier on the backwater side is also adjusted to weaken the water diversion. The water vortex formed on the backwater side; at the same time, the distance between the diversion pier and the water inlet is extended, so that the influence of the vortex behind the pier on the flow state of the water inlet is reduced;
步骤5：综合分析方案计算结果，得出最优侧向泵站前池整治方案Step 5: Comprehensively analyze the calculation results of the scheme, and obtain the optimal forebay renovation scheme of the lateral pumping station
此泵站引河为“T”字型侧向进水，在未加任何工程措施的情况下，站前横向流速大，引河内面层和底层均存在大面积的回旋流动，容易造成引河内的泥沙淤积，这将恶化进水流态，从而影响泵站安全经济运行；为了优化前池流态，在泵站前池内设置“T”字型导流墩，通过模型试验模拟这种优化措施加上无措施工况分别在设计水位下的面层与底层流态；综合各方案的面层、底层流态中漩涡的位置、范围、个数的变化，并考虑整流措施的稳定性，“T”字型导流墩作为侧向进流泵站流态整治措施。The diversion river of this pumping station is a "T"-shaped lateral inflow. Without any engineering measures, the lateral flow velocity in front of the station is high, and there are large areas of swirling flow in the surface and bottom layers of the diversion river, which may easily cause water in the diversion river. Sediment deposition, which will deteriorate the flow state of the influent, thus affecting the safe and economical operation of the pumping station; in order to optimize the flow state of the forebay, a "T"-shaped diversion pier is set in the forebay of the pumping station, and this optimization measure is accelerated through model tests. The surface layer and the bottom flow state under the design water level under the working condition without measures above; considering the changes in the position, range and number of vortices in the surface layer and bottom flow state of each scheme, and considering the stability of the rectification measures, "T ""-shaped diversion pier is used as a flow regulation measure for the lateral inflow pumping station.
所述物理模型采用PVC塑料板制作，前池流态模型按照几何相似制作，并考虑糙率相似。The physical model is made of PVC plastic board, and the flow state model of the forebay is made according to the geometric similarity, and the roughness is considered to be similar.
本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明由于“T”字型导流墩的正面阻水作用，水流经过时会向导流墩两侧分开，直接导致左侧的水流流向骤变，使得左侧的漩涡范围变小，进而有利于减少泥沙淤积，同时背水侧的导流墩能有效的消减分流之后产生的漩涡，从而达到水流均匀的流入进水口的目的。泵站进水流态的改善可以有效地提高水泵的运行性能，减少泥沙淤积，提高泵站运行的可靠性和经济性，降低成本，提高效益。Due to the water blocking effect of the front of the "T"-shaped diversion pier, the water flow will be separated from the two sides of the diversion pier when it passes by, directly causing a sudden change in the direction of the water flow on the left side, making the range of the vortex on the left side smaller, which is beneficial Reduce sedimentation, and at the same time, the diversion pier on the backwater side can effectively reduce the vortex generated after the diversion, so as to achieve the purpose of uniform water flow into the water inlet. The improvement of the water flow state of the pumping station can effectively improve the operation performance of the pump, reduce sedimentation, improve the reliability and economy of the pumping station operation, reduce costs and improve benefits.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的侧向进流泵站平面布置图，Fig. 1 is a plan layout diagram of a lateral inflow pumping station of the present invention,
图2是本发明的T”字型导流墩位置示意图，Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the position of the T "shaped diversion pier of the present invention,
图3是本发明的“T”字型导流墩形状示意图，Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the shape of the "T"-shaped diversion pier of the present invention,
图4是本发明的前池流态模型试验总体布置示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of the forebay flow regime model test of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施方式，进一步阐明本发明。应理解下述具体实施方式仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention but not to limit the scope of the present invention.
本侧向进流泵站模型试验整流方法，包括以下操作步骤：The model test rectification method of the lateral inflow pumping station includes the following steps:
步骤1：侧向进流泵站前池整流方案设置。Step 1: Set up the rectification scheme for the forebay of the lateral inflow pumping station.
“T”字型导流墩，“T”型导流墩墩顶高程等于最低水位。边长10cm(2.5m)。导流墩各边角度均为倒圆角。"T"-shaped diversion pier, the top elevation of "T"-shaped diversion pier is equal to the lowest water level. The side length is 10cm (2.5m). The angles of each side of the diversion pier are rounded.
步骤2：按照设置方案构建物理模型。Step 2: Build a physical model according to the setup scheme.
前池流态模型的范围包括引河、前池、进水池及进水管(含喇叭管)。模型河道的上游边界取在进水池前6.5倍最大水面宽度处，模型河道的下游边界取在进水池后1.5倍最大水面宽度处。整个模型采用PVC塑料板制作，制作完成后的模型装置全景见图4。The scope of the forebay flow model includes the diversion river, the forebay, the water inlet pond and the water inlet pipe (including the trumpet pipe). The upstream boundary of the model channel is taken at 6.5 times the maximum water surface width before the inlet pool, and the downstream boundary of the model channel is taken at 1.5 times the maximum water surface width behind the inlet pool. The whole model is made of PVC plastic board, and the panorama of the model device after making is shown in Figure 4.
试验时，模型装置由供水泵供水，各泵流量分别由装各自管路中的4台电磁流量计测量、并由4台闸阀分别调节，以保证各泵流量相同。模型按照几何相似制作，并考虑糙率相似。During the test, the model device was supplied with water by the water supply pump, and the flow rate of each pump was measured by 4 electromagnetic flowmeters installed in their respective pipelines, and adjusted by 4 gate valves to ensure that the flow rate of each pump was the same. The model is made according to the geometric similarity, and the roughness similarity is considered.
步骤3：按照设置方案构建数学模型并计算。Step 3: Construct a mathematical model and calculate according to the setting scheme.
运用RNGk-ε模型进行数学模型构建：Use the RNGk-ε model for mathematical model construction:
RNGk-ε模型考虑了平均流动中的旋转及旋流情况，它能够处理稿应变率及流线弯曲程度大的流动。The RNGk-ε model considers the rotation and swirl in the average flow, and it can handle the flow with high strain rate and streamline curvature.
其k方程和ε方程如下：Its k equation and ε equation are as follows:
式中， In the formula,
常数取值为αk＝αε＝1.39，C1ε＝1.42；C2ε＝1.68，η0＝4.377，β＝0.012。The values of the constants are α k =α ε =1.39, C 1ε =1.42; C 2ε =1.68, η 0 =4.377, β=0.012.
步骤4：物理模型计算结果与数学模型计算结果对比分析。Step 4: Comparative analysis of the calculation results of the physical model and the calculation results of the mathematical model.
原型计算结果：Prototype calculation results:
该方案前池内不加任何整流措施，设计水位下，由于丁字河口来流侧向进水，位于左下侧和右上侧均出现大范围的漩涡，两个漩涡由面层到底层逐渐减小，漩涡区域的流速近乎为0，长时间的运行之后会在此形成淤积，从而影响泵站的安全和稳定运行。This scheme does not add any rectification measures in the forebay. Under the design water level, due to the lateral water inflow from the T-shaped estuary, a large-scale vortex appears on the lower left side and upper right side. The two vortices gradually decrease from the surface layer to the bottom layer. The flow velocity in the area is close to 0, and silt will form here after long-term operation, which will affect the safe and stable operation of the pumping station.
“T”字型导流墩计算结果：Calculation results of "T" shape diversion pier:
水流分流进入左侧的比重更大，从而消除左侧大漩涡更加有效，同时左侧漩涡边缘处分离出小漩涡，此外，还调整了背水侧的导流墩，目的是减弱水流分流之后在背水侧形成的水涡；同时延长了导流墩与进水口的距离，使得墩后的漩涡对于进水口流态的影响降低。The proportion of water diversion into the left side is larger, so that it is more effective to eliminate the large vortex on the left side, and at the same time, a small vortex is separated at the edge of the left vortex. In addition, the diversion pier on the backwater side is also adjusted to weaken the diversion of the water flow in the backwater. The water vortex formed on the side; at the same time, the distance between the diversion pier and the water inlet is extended, so that the influence of the vortex behind the pier on the flow state of the water inlet is reduced.
步骤5：综合分析各方案计算结果，得出最优侧向泵站前池整治方案。Step 5: Comprehensively analyze the calculation results of each scheme, and obtain the optimal forebay renovation scheme of the lateral pumping station.
此泵站引河为“T”字型侧向进水，在未加任何工程措施的情况下，站前横向流速较大，引河内面层和底层均存在大面积的回旋流动，容易造成引河内的泥沙淤积，这将恶化进水流态，从而影响泵站安全经济运行。为了优化前池流态，本文在泵站前池内设置“T”字型导流墩。通过模型试验模拟这种优化措施加上无措施工况分别在设计水位下的面层与底层流态。综合各方案的面层、底层流态中漩涡的位置、范围、个数的变化，并考虑整流措施的稳定性，“T”字型导流墩作为侧向进流泵站流态整治措施。The diversion river of this pumping station has a "T"-shaped lateral water intake. Without any engineering measures, the lateral flow velocity in front of the station is relatively large, and there are large areas of swirling flow in the surface and bottom layers of the diversion river, which may easily cause The deposition of sediment will worsen the influent flow pattern, thereby affecting the safe and economical operation of the pumping station. In order to optimize the flow state of the forebay, a "T"-shaped diversion pier is set in the forebay of the pumping station in this paper. Through the model test, the optimization measures plus the no-measures working condition are respectively simulated at the surface layer and the bottom flow state under the design water level. Based on the changes in the position, range, and number of vortices in the surface layer and bottom flow state of each plan, and considering the stability of the rectification measures, the "T"-shaped diversion pier is used as a flow regulation measure for the lateral inflow pumping station.
本发明方案所公开的技术手段不仅限于上述技术手段所公开的技术手段，还包括由以上技术特征任意组合所组成的技术方案。The technical means disclosed in the solution of the present invention are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above technical means, but also include technical solutions composed of any combination of the above technical features.
以上述依据本发明的理想实施例为启示，通过上述的说明内容，相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内，进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容，必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。Inspired by the above-mentioned ideal embodiment according to the present invention, through the above-mentioned description content, relevant workers can make various changes and modifications within the scope of not departing from the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content in the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN111172937A (en) * | 2020-02-23 | 2020-05-19 | 扬州大学 | T-shaped contact bottom hole structure and comprehensive rectification method thereof |
| CN113129723A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2021-07-16 | 上海河口海岸科学研究中心 | Pump station simulation device and pump station simulation method for reduced scale model experiment |
| CN114417473A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-04-29 | 安徽省引江济淮集团有限公司 | Engineering arrangement method for optimizing fairway confluence area based on particle tracking |
| CN114482194A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-13 | 河海大学 | A rectification structure for optimizing the lateral water intake flow state of an open channel with a trapezoidal channel section |
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| CN111172937A (en) * | 2020-02-23 | 2020-05-19 | 扬州大学 | T-shaped contact bottom hole structure and comprehensive rectification method thereof |
| CN114482194A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-05-13 | 河海大学 | A rectification structure for optimizing the lateral water intake flow state of an open channel with a trapezoidal channel section |
| CN114417473A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-04-29 | 安徽省引江济淮集团有限公司 | Engineering arrangement method for optimizing fairway confluence area based on particle tracking |
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