CN105730873A - Packaging method for avoiding collision and retaining freshness during transportation of grapes - Google Patents
Packaging method for avoiding collision and retaining freshness during transportation of grapes Download PDFInfo
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- CN105730873A CN105730873A CN201610069622.9A CN201610069622A CN105730873A CN 105730873 A CN105730873 A CN 105730873A CN 201610069622 A CN201610069622 A CN 201610069622A CN 105730873 A CN105730873 A CN 105730873A
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- fructus vitis
- vitis viniferae
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D77/00—Packages formed by enclosing articles or materials in preformed containers, e.g. boxes, cartons, sacks or bags
- B65D77/02—Wrapped articles enclosed in rigid or semi-rigid containers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/04—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
- A23B7/0425—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling the material not being transported through or in the apparatus, with or without shaping, e.g. in the form of powder, granules or flakes
- A23B7/0433—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling the material not being transported through or in the apparatus, with or without shaping, e.g. in the form of powder, granules or flakes with packages or with shaping in the form of blocks or portions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/144—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
- A23B7/148—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor in a controlled atmosphere, e.g. partial vacuum, comprising only CO2, N2, O2 or H2O
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Packging For Living Organisms, Food Or Medicinal Products That Are Sensitive To Environmental Conditiond (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
- Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a packaging method for avoiding collision and retaining freshness during transportation of grapes. The packaging method comprises the inner packaging method; the inner packaging method comprises the steps of pretreating the grapes and wrapping the pretreated grapes in flexible material; the pretreating method comprises the steps of shearing and removing protruding grape stems and preventing the notch surfaces of the shorn grape stems from making contact with grape fruits. According to the packaging method, the perfectness ratio of the grapes is greatly increased in the long-distance transportation process, and the phenomenon that the grapes are ruptured and the fruits fall and get rotten due to collision and extrusion generated by transportation jolts can be prevented; additional freshness-retaining agents or preservatives are not needed, and the freshness of the grapes can be retained.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the transportation and packing technical field of Fructus Vitis viniferae, particularly relate to a kind of Fructus Vitis viniferae crashproof fresh-keeping packing method in transit.
Background technology
The physical appearance characteristic of Fructus Vitis viniferae and bulk properties determine Fructus Vitis viniferae and transport than other fruit difficulty in transport.Fructus Vitis viniferae succulence, polysaccharide, skin are thin, quality is soft, even if short-distance transport, if protecting improper, spoilage is also at a relatively high；Additionally, the fruit of Fructus Vitis viniferae is bunchiness, 20-80 Fructus Vitis viniferae granule composition is a string, these granules are scattered, independent, transportation is easily rocked, attachment force between Fructus Vitis viniferae granule and carpopodium is natively only small, it is easy to make grape fruit because rocking disengaging carpopodium, at the sarcocarp position departed from, grape fruit arises that substantial wound and peel burst after departing from carpopodium, therefore, the maximum in transit problem of Fructus Vitis viniferae is to ensure that grape fruit is without damage to greatest extent, keeps the integrity of whole string Fructus Vitis viniferae.
At present, along with the development of ecommerce, network selling Fructus Vitis viniferae is comparatively general, existing many employing express transportation Fructus Vitis viniferaes.In ecommerce during express transportation Fructus Vitis viniferae, spray antistaling agent or simply wrap with tin foil and be placed in chest and transport.In the process of transport, Fructus Vitis viniferae jolts because of transport and artificially falls and hits and mutual downthrust, depart from carpopodium with granule thus causing that Fructus Vitis viniferae granule bursts and drop, cause just rotting in transportation, thus causing Fructus Vitis viniferae when transport arrives at almost without intact finished product.If it is improper to protect, spoilage can reach 100%, and therefore, in transport, the research of Fructus Vitis viniferae anti-collision technique seems necessary.
Wu Jie et al. describes microwave, vacuum packaging and microwave treatment vacuum packaging to the impact of the compression resistance of fruit, soluble sugar, Vc, polyphenol oxidase in Grape During Storage process in " the microwave treatment vacuum packaging impact on Grape During Storage quality and physiological change " (food industry science and technology, o. 11th in 2009) literary composition.Result of study shows: adopt the vacuum-packed grape fruit compression resistance of microwave treatment, soluble sugar, Vc change be respectively less than other processing modes, and change minimum.Microwave treatment vacuum packaging can effectively reduce the respiratory intensity of polyphenol oxidase activity and fruit, improves the activity of antioxidase, is conducive to fruit storage fresh-keeping.Although Fructus Vitis viniferae can be played certain fresh-keeping effect by microwave treatment vacuum packaging, but cannot be used for crashproof in transportation of Fructus Vitis viniferae.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of Fructus Vitis viniferae crashproof fresh-keeping packing method in transit.Described packing method can not only effectively strengthen the impact resistance of Fructus Vitis viniferae, prevent from Fructus Vitis viniferae to be squeezed in long-distance transport to burst, prevent grape fruit from dropping off carpopodium, avoid Fructus Vitis viniferae to ferment because of damaged in collision in transportation to rot, there is good preservation simultaneously.
Technical scheme is as follows: a kind of Fructus Vitis viniferae is crashproof fresh-keeping packing method in transit, described packing method includes inner packing, inner packaging method is as follows: the grape cluster of fresh harvesting is carried out pretreatment, pretreated often string Fructus Vitis viniferae flexible material is wrapped, it is prevented that Fructus Vitis viniferae particle detachment.
Described preprocess method is as follows: prominent stem of Fructus Vitis viniferae shear removal, accomplishes that the stem of Fructus Vitis viniferae cut sides after shearing does not have any contact with grape fruit.
Described pretreatment also can be cleaned out the grape fruit burst and go bad, it is prevented that Fructus Vitis viniferae the fermentation of infection formula occurs in transportation and rots.
Fructus Vitis viniferae flexible material of often going here and there in described inner packing is subsequently installed in vacuum bag and carries out evacuation packaging, by vacuum bag heat sealing after wrapping.
One or more in fruit packaging net (polyethylene fruit foam screen sheath), polyethylene film food bag, soft cloth, soft paper, preservative film, bubble chamber film (pad), sponge or PE Foam (polyethylene foam is cotton) of described flexible material, other flexible materials can also；Described soft paper is tissue paper, toilet paper, toilet paper, old newsprint or food wrapper, and other soft paper can also.
The breathability such as described soft paper, soft cloth are strong, and anti-collision effect is good, but during parcel grape cluster, adhesive force is less, can cause Fructus Vitis viniferae particle detachment, it is necessary to extra use adhesive tape or rope etc. to be fixed on the outside such as soft paper, soft cloth.
As preferably, described flexible material is preservative film；Adopting preservative film to wrap Fructus Vitis viniferae to prevent Fructus Vitis viniferae moisture loss in long-distance transport, it is to avoid Fructus Vitis viniferae moisture loss deliquescing, thus preventing fruit grain from dropping off damage, and occurring to rot；Another prior effect of preservative film is: through experiment with it was verified that there is goodish viscosity between preservative film and grape fruit, effectively can prevent grape fruit from rocking and occur fruit grain to drop.It addition, preservative film also ensures that grape fruit is little at original position top offset when vacuum packaging, evacuation can be prevented effectively to the collision in the damage of Fructus Vitis viniferae and transport.
Grape cluster is wrapped, it is desirable to outside preservative film, wrap up one layer of integument again according to preservative film.Described integument is selected from fruit packaging net, soft paper, soft cloth, bubble chamber film (pad), sponge or PE Foam (polyethylene foam is cotton)；Described soft paper, sponge thickness be preferably 1～3mm.Described integument is not limited to the material listed, and other flexible materials can also；Described fruit packaging net is polyethylene fruit foam screen sheath.
Fructus Vitis viniferae after being wrapped by preservative film wraps up with integument again, and the effect of integument has three, and one is because its flexibility, and Fructus Vitis viniferae anti-extrusion and anticollision are had certain effect；Two is in vacuum packaging behind, and it can fill the gap between grape fruit effectively, can better fix grape fruit and make it will not rock and occur fruit grain to drop；Three is in vacuum packaging, can cause after bleeding that vacuum packaging bag shrinks and produce some corner angle, Fructus Vitis viniferae can be produced to damage by these corner angle under certain angle, and integument can avoid producing too much corner angle when vacuum packaging is bled, and stops the damage that these corner angle are likely to Fructus Vitis viniferae is produced simultaneously.
Although after adopting flexible material and integument parcel, grape fruit receives certain fixing, grape fruit has been not easy to drop off carpopodium, but can't completely avoid occurring fierceness collision and extruding to cause that Fructus Vitis viniferae bursts and drop off with fruit grain and produce to rot in long-distance transport, therefore to carry out evacuation packaging.
The effect of vacuum suction packaging is: in the pressure limit not making Fructus Vitis viniferae burst, make to produce in vacuum bag certain pressure, the pressure produced will not make Fructus Vitis viniferae burst, make to produce between grape fruit certain active force and counteracting force simultaneously, so, Fructus Vitis viniferae in vacuum bag becomes as a whole so that it is have sizable stability and bigger anti-pressure ability in long-distance transport, reaches to be not easy to burst and fall the purpose that fruit is rotted.
After evacuation has been packed, in vacuum bag, vacuum must not lower than 0.045Mpa, if lower than this value, grape fruit will be burst by pressure, vacuum bag too high pressure, can not make again to produce certain action and counteraction power between grape fruit and become a firm entirety with certain anti-pressure ability, poor effect.As preferably, in vacuum bag, vacuum is 0.045MPa～0.075MPa.
Vacuum packing machine is directly used to take out too much air, due to air also remaining a small amount of in vacuum bag, Fructus Vitis viniferae can also carry out Repiration, in order to weaken the Repiration of Fructus Vitis viniferae to greatest extent, first with nitrogen or carbon dioxide by the air displacement in vacuum bag out, other noble gases can also, the air in vacuum bag is made to drain, then take out nitrogen or carbon dioxide again, make the vacuum in vacuum bag be not less than 0.045Mpa, then heat-seal.As preferably, in vacuum bag, vacuum is 0.045MPa～0.075MPa.
Fructus Vitis viniferae is wrapped inside the purpose of dress by the present invention: due to Fructus Vitis viniferae succulence, polysaccharide, skin is thin, quality is soft, easy to fall off, easily burst, and comes off or bursts rear Fructus Vitis viniferae and very easily rots.Therefore in express transportation, Fructus Vitis viniferae is easy to because collision is rotted.Adopt flexible material to wrap and often go here and there Fructus Vitis viniferae, it is ensured that grape fruit stays in original position in transportation and do not rock, it is ensured that Fructus Vitis viniferae granule does not come off.The another one effect of flexible material has flexibility exactly, it is possible to against shock, anti-extrusion well, it is possible to avoid the Fructus Vitis viniferae that the extruding in barbarous transport, collision cause to damage, rotten.Although prior art adopting fruit packaging net parcel pear, honey peach transport, but owing to the shelf-life of pear etc. is longer, even if place, certain collides, damages, rot without quickly there is infection formula, therefore only need to can reach the purpose of anticollision at one layer of net of duck pear and other fruits outer wrapping, the packing method of other fruit is not particularly suited for the Fructus Vitis viniferae that quality is softer by prior art.
Through the inner packing that grape cluster is strict, the Fructus Vitis viniferae of bunchiness has had been provided with good collision prevention function, in order to be further ensured that Fructus Vitis viniferae integrity in transportation, it is therefore necessary to many string Fructus Vitis viniferaes are carried out outer package.
Described external packing method is as follows: be placed in packing crates by the grape cluster that inner packing is good, is fixed together by the string Fructus Vitis viniferae in packing crates, covers case lid encapsulation.String grape harvest adhesive tape adhesion good for inner packing can be fixed together, be laid in packing crates.
External packing method is not limited to said method, and following methods also can be adopted to carry out outer package:
External packing method one: described packing crates inside division has multiple grid to cut off, the grid partition end, is covered with vibration-absorptive material, the grape cluster completing inner packing is put into grid and cuts off, and then at Fructus Vitis viniferae upper berth vibration-absorptive material, covers case lid encapsulation.
Described packing crates is bubble chamber, carton or plastic box, but considers cost of transportation, many employings bubble chamber or carton during express transportation.
Described grid partition can adopt cardboard to be separated by packing crates and make, it would however also be possible to employ cut off integrated packing crates with grid.
External packing method two: wrap up in vibration-absorptive material by completing outside the often string Fructus Vitis viniferae of inner packing, be placed in packing crates, fixing bonnet upper box lid encapsulation.In order to strengthen grape cluster stability in transit, use adhesive tape that the vibration-absorptive material outside packing crates inwall and grape cluster is sticky.
Deformation as external packing method two, it is possible at the bottom of packing crates spread vibration-absorptive material, the often string Fructus Vitis viniferae completing inner packing is laid in packing crates, then vibration-absorptive material is placed on often string Fructus Vitis viniferae in the middle of separated；Finally on Fructus Vitis viniferae, spread vibration-absorptive material, packing crates cap seal dress on fixing bonnet.In order to strengthen the grape cluster stability in transport, adhesive tape is used packing crates inwall, grape cluster and often to go here and there the vibration-absorptive material of Fructus Vitis viniferae be sticky for separating.
Vibration-absorptive material described in above-mentioned outer package is soft vibration-absorptive material；Described soft vibration-absorptive material is at least one in sponge, shock absorbing foam, soft cloth, bubble chamber film (pad), PE Foam and soft paper, be not limited to list these, other flexible materials can also.
It is 1～3cm that described soft vibration-absorptive material is layered on the thickness at the bottom of packing crates；Being layered on the thickness above Fructus Vitis viniferae is also 1～3cm.
In above-mentioned external packing method, it is desirable to by vibration-absorptive material filling bag vanning internal pore, the bunchiness Fructus Vitis viniferae being so possible to prevent inner packing good rocks and damaged in collision in transportation in bubble chamber.
Avoiding collision provided by the invention, prevents Fructus Vitis viniferae particle detachment to greatest extent, and prevents grape cluster collision in transportation during packaging, simple to operate, anti-collision effect is good.The present invention efficiently solves the damage problem that various Fructus Vitis viniferae causes in long-distance transport transport; greatly reduce Fructus Vitis viniferae spoilage in transportation, especially the long-distance transport of non-grape class, soft Fructus Vitis viniferae (such as crystal Fructus Vitis viniferae) effectively can be protected.
Owing to Fructus Vitis viniferae is when transportation overlong time, or when summer high-temperature transports, Fructus Vitis viniferae is breathed vigorous, it is easy to dehydration, and Fructus Vitis viniferae breathing is vigorous easily makes Fructus Vitis viniferae spoiled；Easy dehydration can make Fructus Vitis viniferae granule threshing serious.Fructus Vitis viniferae Repiration produces CO2Making to refill in vacuum bag gas, vacuum packaging does not just have due effect.Therefore, weaken Repiration and the dehydration of Fructus Vitis viniferae, the transport of Fructus Vitis viniferae is also important.
Further, in order to ensure fresh-keeping in transportation of Fructus Vitis viniferae, after the Fructus Vitis viniferae of fresh harvesting carries out pretreatment, putting it into fresh-keeping ice house and carry out cooling pre-cooling, pre-cooling 20～24 hours, temperature of ice house is-1 DEG C～3 DEG C, freezer humidity is 90%～95%, makes Fructus Vitis viniferae product temperature decline rapidly；Precooling speed is faster, and pre-cooling is more thorough, and in bag, condensation is less, and precooling effect is better.
Precooling treatment can also adopt following methods: often going here and there after Fructus Vitis viniferae is wrapped inside dress, putting it into fresh-keeping ice house and carry out cooling pre-cooling, pre-cooling 20～24 hours, temperature of ice house is-1 DEG C～3 DEG C, and the method is not high to the humidity requirement of fresh-keeping ice house.
In order to further by grape fresh-keeping, before described outer package covers bubble chamber cap seal dress, put into ice bag or dry ice in packing crates.
Compared with prior art, the method have the advantages that packing method provided by the invention makes Fructus Vitis viniferae serviceability rate in long-distance transport process be greatly improved, it is prevented that because the transport downthrust produced that jolts makes Fructus Vitis viniferae burst to drop off with fruit grain and fermentation occurs and rotten；Packing method provided by the invention does not need additionally to use antistaling agent and preservative, can play the effect to grape fresh-keeping yet.The packaging material wide material sources that the present invention adopts, the packing technique suitability is strong, and anti-collision effect is good.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with comparative example and specific embodiment, technical scheme is described in further details.
Embodiment 1
Grape cluster is carried out pretreatment: prominent stem of Fructus Vitis viniferae shear removal, accomplish that the stem of Fructus Vitis viniferae cut sides after shearing does not have any contact with grape fruit；Pretreated grape cluster preservative film is wrapped, the grape cluster after wrapping is vacillated now to the left, now to the right, comes off without grape berry.
Embodiment 2
Grape cluster is carried out pretreatment: prominent stem of Fructus Vitis viniferae shear removal, accomplish that the stem of Fructus Vitis viniferae cut sides after shearing does not have any contact with grape fruit；Pretreated grape cluster soft paper (toilet paper) is wrapped；Use adhesive tape to carry out adhesion outside soft paper to fix, the grape cluster after wrapping is vacillated now to the left, now to the right, substantially comes off without grape berry, but have indivedual Fructus Vitis viniferae to be connected with stem of Fructus Vitis viniferae and loosen.
Embodiment 3～embodiment 6
Test is in vacuum; preservative film in inner packing to the effect of gathering of whole string Fructus Vitis viniferae with Fructus Vitis viniferae granule effectively pasted the effect preventing Fructus Vitis viniferae granule generation larger displacement and come off and the protective effect that polyethylene fruit foam screen sheath (integument) is in inner packing.
Material and instrument
The Fructus Vitis viniferae that embodiment 3～embodiment 6 adopts picks up from the fresh crystal Fructus Vitis viniferae in Muller city of Yunnan Province, and preparing single string quality is 240g ± 5g, and the Fructus Vitis viniferae that size, Maturity uniformity are ripe is divided into four groups, often group 3 string；Multi-function vacuum sealing machine；Domestic food level preservative film；High-quality transparent vacuum packaging bag；Polyethylene fruit foam screen sheath.
Fructus Vitis viniferae pretreatment: one, prominent stem of Fructus Vitis viniferae shear removal, accomplishes that the stem of Fructus Vitis viniferae cut sides after shearing does not have any contact with grape fruit；Two, the grape fruit burst and go bad is cleaned out, it is prevented that Fructus Vitis viniferae occur in transportation infection formula fermentation and rot, after Fructus Vitis viniferae pretreatment under room temperature (20～25 DEG C) pre-cooling 8h.
Experimentation and phenomenon are as shown in table 1.
Table 1
The contrast and experiment of embodiment 3～embodiment 6 is as shown in table 2；(unit :)
Table 2
Experimental result and analysis:
Can be seen that between preservative film and grape fruit, there is good viscosity from the contrast experiment of embodiment 3 and embodiment 4; can guarantee that when vacuum packaging grape fruit stays in original position is not moved; effectively prevent grape fruit from rocking and occur fruit grain to drop, and then avoid damaged in collision to Fructus Vitis viniferae in evacuation and transport.
From the contrast experiment of embodiment 3 and embodiment 5 it can be seen that polyethylene fruit foam screen sheath can be filled between grape fruit evacuation, and then reduce vacuum packaging bag during evacuation and shrink the corner angle produced, and it is prevented from these corner angle and punctures Fructus Vitis viniferae under certain angle.It addition, polyethylene fruit foam screen sheath has also functioned to the effect of some fixing grape fruits.
From the experimental data of embodiment 6 it can be seen that evacuation is packed, adopt preservative film and polyethylene fruit foam screen sheath that single string Fructus Vitis viniferae is wrapped up, serve good protective action, spoilage can be reduced to less than 1%.
Embodiment 7～embodiment 12
Test inner packing and outer package combine the overall anti-collision effect of the packaging constituted:
Materials and methods
Prepare 6 casees inner packaging methods according to embodiment 6 and carry out the Fructus Vitis viniferae of strict packaging, every case Fructus Vitis viniferae net weight about 2500 grams (10 string).
Embodiment 7～embodiment 9 is first group, for testing in specific place.Specific place is a floor height is 6 layers of residential building of 3.5 meters, and 3 casees Fructus Vitis viniferaes of first group are rolled into Stall from top layer stair are continual.
Embodiment 10～embodiment 12 is second group, tests for long-distance transport, transports the client of Shenzhen, Beijing, three destinatioies in Shaanxi respectively with the logical express delivery in Shen to, and carries out detailed track record.
First group: specific place is tested
Embodiment 7
Inner packing:
The Fructus Vitis viniferae of fresh harvesting is sorted, prominent stem of Fructus Vitis viniferae is wiped out, and after the grape fruit burst and go bad is cleaned out, wrap with preservative film, re-use polyethylene fruit foam screen sheath and wrap up；Being subsequently installed in vacuum bag, use nitrogen charging vacuum packing machine that the air in bag is drained, then aspirator vacuum packaging, to vacuum bag, vacuum is 0.045MPa, completes inner packing.
Outer package:
In the sponge spreading 2cm at the bottom of bubble chamber, the often string Fructus Vitis viniferae carrying out inner packing is laid in bubble chamber, then is placed between grape cluster with sponge and is separated；Then the adhesive tape adopting 5cm is sticky bubble chamber inwall, grape cluster and the sponge for separating grape cluster；The last sponge at Fructus Vitis viniferae upper cover last layer 3cm, puts into ice bag, covers foam case lid, encapsulation.
Embodiment 8
Inner packing:
The Fructus Vitis viniferae of fresh harvesting is sorted, prominent stem of Fructus Vitis viniferae is wiped out, and after the grape fruit burst and go bad is cleaned out, wrap with preservative film, re-use soft paper and wrap up；Being subsequently installed in vacuum bag, use nitrogen charging vacuum packing machine that the air in bag is drained, then aspirator vacuum packaging, to vacuum bag, vacuum is 0.050MPa.
Outer package:
After carrying out and wrapping up in 2～3 layers of bubble chamber film outside the often string Fructus Vitis viniferae of inner packing, bubble chamber film external tapes on, and then grape cluster is laid in bubble chamber, bubble chamber film and foam tank wall is sticky；Cover foam case lid, encapsulation.
Embodiment 9
Inner packing:
The Fructus Vitis viniferae of fresh harvesting is sorted, prominent stem of Fructus Vitis viniferae is wiped out, and after the grape fruit burst and go bad is cleaned out, pre-cooling is carried out 20 hours at fresh-keeping ice house, temperature of ice house is 3 DEG C, humidity is 94～95%, wraps with preservative film after taking-up, and the sponge re-using 1～2mm is wrapped up；Being subsequently installed in vacuum bag, use nitrogen charging vacuum packing machine that the air in bag is drained, then aspirator vacuum packaging, to vacuum bag, vacuum limit is 0.055MPa, completes inner packing.
Outer package:
In paper packaging box, split multiple grid cut off, be covered with the shock absorbing foam of 2.5cm at the grid partition end, the often string Fructus Vitis viniferae carrying out inner packing is laid in grid partition, finally at the shock absorbing foam of Fructus Vitis viniferae upper cover last layer 2cm, covers case lid, encapsulation.
The experimental result of first group of embodiment 7～embodiment 9 is as shown in table 3.
Table 3
Designing first group of experiment is to simulate the crash scenario that in express transportation process, object generation is bigger, from the experimental data of the packaged Fructus Vitis viniferae of embodiment 7～embodiment 9 fierce rolling and collision on stair it can be seen that this packing method can greatly reduce the damage that Fructus Vitis viniferae causes in transportation because of collision.
Second group: long-distance transport is tested
Embodiment 10
Inner packing:
The Fructus Vitis viniferae of fresh harvesting is sorted, prominent stem of Fructus Vitis viniferae is wiped out, and after the grape fruit burst and go bad is cleaned out, wrap with preservative film, re-use PE Foam and wrap up；Being subsequently installed in vacuum bag, use nitrogen charging vacuum packing machine that the air in bag is drained, then aspirator vacuum packaging, to vacuum bag, vacuum is 0.045MPa, completes inner packing, carries out pre-cooling 20 hours subsequently into fresh-keeping ice house, and temperature of ice house is 1 DEG C～2 DEG C.
Outer package:
Wrap up in the thick sponge of 2～3cm by carrying out outside the often string Fructus Vitis viniferae of inner packing, then grape cluster is laid in bubble chamber, then adopts the adhesive tape of 5cm that bubble chamber inwall and grape cluster are sticky；The last sponge at Fructus Vitis viniferae upper cover last layer 3cm, puts into ice bag, covers foam case lid, encapsulation.
By packaged 2.5 kilograms of Fructus Vitis viniferaes, transport to Beijing with long-distance fast freight car (non-cold chain car) from Muller city of Yunnan Province, after 4 days, arrive dish family, Fengtai district of Beijing Ying Qiao, Fructus Vitis viniferae is still fresh, taste is not changed in, and drops off with fruit grain almost without bursting, and the serviceability rate of Fructus Vitis viniferae reaches 100%.
Embodiment 11
Inner packing:
The Fructus Vitis viniferae of fresh harvesting is sorted, prominent stem of Fructus Vitis viniferae is wiped out, and after the grape fruit burst and go bad is cleaned out, pre-cooling is carried out 22 hours at fresh-keeping ice house, temperature of ice house is 2～3 DEG C, humidity is 94～95%, wraps with preservative film after taking-up, and the sponge re-using 1～3mm is wrapped up；Being subsequently installed in vacuum bag, use nitrogen charging vacuum packing machine that the air in bag is drained, then aspirator vacuum packaging, to vacuum bag, vacuum limit is 0.055MPa, completes inner packing.
Outer package:
At the shock absorbing foam spreading 2.5cm at the bottom of bubble chamber, the often string Fructus Vitis viniferae carrying out inner packing is laid in bubble chamber, then is placed between grape cluster with shock absorbing foam and is separated；Then the adhesive tape adopting 5cm is sticky bubble chamber inwall, grape cluster and the shock absorbing foam for separating grape cluster；The last shock absorbing foam at Fructus Vitis viniferae upper cover last layer 2cm, puts into ice bag, covers foam case lid, encapsulation.
By packaged 2.5 kilograms of Fructus Vitis viniferaes, transporting to Shenzhen with common express delivery car (non-cold chain car) from Muller city of Yunnan Province, arrive Enterprises of Futian District after 3 days, Fructus Vitis viniferae is still fresh, Fructus Vitis viniferae drops off with fruit grain almost without bursting, and the serviceability rate of Fructus Vitis viniferae reaches more than 98%.
Embodiment 12
Inner packing:
The Fructus Vitis viniferae of fresh harvesting is sorted, prominent stem of Fructus Vitis viniferae is wiped out, and after the grape fruit burst and go bad is cleaned out, wrap with preservative film, re-use polyethylene fruit foam screen sheath and wrap up；Being subsequently installed in vacuum bag, use nitrogen charging vacuum packing machine that the air in bag is drained, then aspirator vacuum packaging, to vacuum bag, vacuum is 0.060MPa, completes inner packing, carries out pre-cooling 20 hours subsequently into fresh-keeping ice house, and temperature of ice house is 1 DEG C～1 DEG C.
Outer package:
Adopting cardboard to be divided into multiple grid to cut off at bubble chamber, grid cuts off the sponge of end paving 2cm, is laid in by the often string Fructus Vitis viniferae carrying out inner packing in grid partition, finally in the sponge of Fructus Vitis viniferae upper cover last layer 3cm, puts into ice bag, cover foam case lid, encapsulation.
By packaged 2.5 kilograms of Fructus Vitis viniferaes, Shaanxi is transported to from Muller city of Yunnan Province with long-distance fast freight car (non-cold chain car), Yanta District, Xi'an City, Shanxi Province is arrived after 4 days, Fructus Vitis viniferae is still fresh, taste is not changed in, dropping off with fruit grain almost without bursting, the serviceability rate of Fructus Vitis viniferae reaches more than 98%.
The experimental result of embodiment 8～embodiment 10 is as shown in table 4.
Table 4
From embodiment 10～embodiment 12 packaged Fructus Vitis viniferae transported to respectively Beijing, Shenzhen, three destinatioies in Shaanxi experimental data it can be seen that the Fructus Vitis viniferae transporting Shenzhen to damages higher, by to the position of three destinatioies and logistics analysis, find that the logistics terminal in Shenzhen is relatively more, therefore embodiment 11 to bear more collision than embodiment 10 and embodiment 12 in transfer process repeatedly, so damaging more relatively large.The serviceability rate of three groups of Fructus Vitis viniferaes all can reach more than 98%, illustrates that this packing method can greatly reduce the damage that Fructus Vitis viniferae causes because of collision in long-distance express transportation.And, the time that this experiment carries out is July, and when being the whole nation generally high temperature in 1 year, client reflects that mouthfeel is better, illustrates that this kind of packed and transported method has fresh-keeping effect.
Embodiment 13
Inner packing:
The Fructus Vitis viniferae of fresh harvesting is sorted, prominent stem of Fructus Vitis viniferae is wiped out, and after the grape fruit burst and go bad is cleaned out, wrap with bubble cushion, wrap with adhesive tape outside bubble cushion；Being subsequently installed in vacuum bag, use nitrogen charging vacuum packing machine that the air in bag is drained, then aspirator vacuum packaging, to vacuum bag, vacuum is 0.045MPa, completes inner packing, carries out pre-cooling 23 hours subsequently into fresh-keeping ice house, and temperature of ice house is 1 DEG C～1 DEG C.
Outer package:
Wrapping the thick PE Foam of 2～3cm by carrying out outside the often string Fructus Vitis viniferae of inner packing, use adhesive tape the grape cluster wrapped, packaging tank wall to be sticky, chest is underfilled with repaving lid PE Foam, puts into ice bag, covers foam case lid, encapsulation.
By packaged 3.0 kilograms of Fructus Vitis viniferaes, transport to Zhejiang with long-distance fast freight car (non-cold chain car) from Muller city of Yunnan Province, after 3 days, arrive XiaoShan, HangZhou City, Zhejiang Province district, Fructus Vitis viniferae is still fresh, taste is not changed in, and indivedual Fructus Vitis viniferaes burst and drop off with fruit grain, and the serviceability rate of Fructus Vitis viniferae reaches 85%.
Embodiment 14
After wrapping up in PE Foam outside often string Fructus Vitis viniferae good for embodiment 1 inner packing, adopt adhesive tape to wrap outside Margarita, then the grape cluster wrapped is laid in bubble chamber, between grape cluster and between grape cluster and bubble chamber inwall, adopt adhesive tape adhesion to fix, soft cloth is filled up at gap place, covers case lid encapsulation.
By packaged 2.5 kilograms of Fructus Vitis viniferaes, transport to Kunming with long-distance fast freight car (non-cold chain car) from Muller city of Yunnan Province, after 1 day, arrive Kunming, Yunnan Province, Fructus Vitis viniferae is still fresh, taste is not changed in, and indivedual Fructus Vitis viniferaes burst and drop off with fruit grain, the serviceability rate 85% of Fructus Vitis viniferae.
Embodiment 15
Bubble chamber adopts cardboard be divided into multiple grid to cut off, cutting off bottom and be covered with shock absorbing foam, be placed in grid partition by packaged for embodiment 2 often string Fructus Vitis viniferae, soft paper (being kneaded into the old newsprint of puffy) is filled up at gap place, it is covered with one layer of sponge above grape cluster, covers case lid encapsulation.
By packaged 2.5 kilograms of Fructus Vitis viniferaes, transport to Chongqing City with long-distance fast freight car (non-cold chain car) from Muller city of Yunnan Province, after 2 days, arrive Jiangbei District, Chongqing City, Fructus Vitis viniferae is still fresh, taste is not changed in, and indivedual Fructus Vitis viniferaes burst and drop off with fruit grain, and the serviceability rate of Fructus Vitis viniferae reaches 70%.
Claims (10)
1. a Fructus Vitis viniferae crashproof fresh-keeping packing method in transit, it is characterised in that described packing method includes inner packing, and inner packaging method is as follows: the grape cluster of fresh harvesting is carried out pretreatment, wraps pretreated often string Fructus Vitis viniferae flexible material.
2. Fructus Vitis viniferae crashproof fresh-keeping packing method in transit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described preprocess method is as follows: prominent stem of Fructus Vitis viniferae shear removal, accomplishes that the stem of Fructus Vitis viniferae cut sides after shearing does not have any contact with grape fruit.
3. Fructus Vitis viniferae crashproof fresh-keeping packing method in transit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that Fructus Vitis viniferae flexible material of often going here and there in described inner packing is subsequently installed in vacuum bag and carries out evacuation packaging, by vacuum bag heat sealing after wrapping.
4. the crashproof fresh-keeping packing method in transit of the Fructus Vitis viniferae as described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that, described flexible material in polyethylene film food bag, soft cloth, soft paper, bubble chamber film, sponge, fruit packaging net, PE Foam and preservative film one or more；
During described evacuation first with nitrogen or carbon dioxide the air displacement in vacuum bag out, evacuation is then carried out；Vacuum in evacuation final vacuum bag is 0.045MPa～0.075MPa.
5. the Fructus Vitis viniferae crashproof fresh-keeping packing method in transit as described in as arbitrary in Claims 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, described packing method also includes outer package, external packing method is as follows: be placed in packing crates by the grape cluster that inner packing is good, string Fructus Vitis viniferae in packing crates is fixed together, covers case lid encapsulation.
6. the Fructus Vitis viniferae crashproof fresh-keeping packing method in transit as described in as arbitrary in Claims 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, described packing crates inside division has multiple grid to cut off, the grid partition end, is covered with vibration-absorptive material, the grape cluster completing inner packing is put into grid cut off, then at Fructus Vitis viniferae upper berth vibration-absorptive material, case lid encapsulation is covered.
7. the Fructus Vitis viniferae crashproof fresh-keeping packing method in transit as described in as arbitrary in Claims 1 to 4, it is characterised in that wrap vibration-absorptive material by completing outside the often string Fructus Vitis viniferae of inner packing, be placed in packing crates, fixing bonnet upper box lid encapsulation.
8. the crashproof fresh-keeping packing method in transit of Fructus Vitis viniferae as claimed in claims 6 or 7, it is characterised in that vibration-absorptive material described in outer package is soft vibration-absorptive material；Described soft vibration-absorptive material is at least one in sponge, shock absorbing foam, soft cloth, bubble chamber film, PE Foam and soft paper；
Before described outer package covers bubble chamber cap seal dress, above packing crates, put into ice bag or dry ice.
9. Fructus Vitis viniferae crashproof fresh-keeping packing method in transit as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that
Described pretreatment can also be cleaned out the grape fruit burst and go bad, it is prevented that Fructus Vitis viniferae the fermentation of infection formula occurs in transportation and rots；
After the Fructus Vitis viniferae pretreatment of fresh harvesting, putting it into fresh-keeping ice house and carry out cooling pre-cooling, pre-cooling 20～24 hours, temperature of ice house is-1 DEG C～3 DEG C, and freezer humidity is 90%～95%.
10. the crashproof fresh-keeping packing method in transit of the Fructus Vitis viniferae as described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that often after string Fructus Vitis viniferae inner packing, puts it into fresh-keeping ice house and carries out cooling pre-cooling, and pre-cooling 20～24 hours, temperature of ice house is-1 DEG C～3 DEG C.
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| CN106615068A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-10 | 蚌埠市众星蔬果科技专业合作社联合社 | Fresh-keeping anti-collision packaging method of pomegranates during transportation |
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| CN113264284A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-08-17 | 金华市农产品质量安全中心(金华市农业综合检验检测中心) | Fruit fresh-keeping packaging method based on improved anti-fog film |
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| CN112044809A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-12-08 | 合肥师范学院 | Movable intelligent color selector capable of preventing fruit from being damaged |
| CN113264284A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-08-17 | 金华市农产品质量安全中心(金华市农业综合检验检测中心) | Fruit fresh-keeping packaging method based on improved anti-fog film |
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