CN109007000A - A kind of preservation method for inhibiting apple brown stain and extending storage time - Google Patents
A kind of preservation method for inhibiting apple brown stain and extending storage time Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109007000A CN109007000A CN201810966344.6A CN201810966344A CN109007000A CN 109007000 A CN109007000 A CN 109007000A CN 201810966344 A CN201810966344 A CN 201810966344A CN 109007000 A CN109007000 A CN 109007000A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- apple
- fruit
- preservation method
- protection package
- freshness protection
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/153—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B7/157—Inorganic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/144—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
- A23B7/152—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor in a controlled atmosphere comprising other gases in addition to CO2, N2, O2 or H2O ; Elimination of such other gases
Abstract
The invention discloses the preservation methods of a kind of inhibition apple brown stain and extension storage time.Include: that apple harvesting is preceding to be handled with the aqueous solution sprinkling of 1- methyl cyclopropene；Picking eight to ninety percent in 145~155 days is ripe after full-bloom stage, fruit is uniform, fruit colour is consistent, nothing is collided with injures the apple of no disease and pests harm and is transported as early as possible to storage place；Carpopodium is cut short to immerse in calcium chloride solution and is impregnated, taking-up is dried；Fruit housing foam screen sheath is packed into carton or plastics fruit case, the dedicated polyethylene film freshness protection package of case liner apple, opening is placed, and freshness protection package is equipped with venthole；Apple is put in storage to pre-cooling immediately；The soda lime bound up with gauze is put into freshness protection package and tightens sack immediately；By fruit slow cooling to -2~-1 DEG C of normal management；Storage period, in freshness protection package oxygen concentration control 19%~21%, gas concentration lwevel control 0.3% hereinafter, ethylene concentration control in 5 μ L/L hereinafter, relative humidity is 85%~90%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fruit storage technical field of preservation of fresh more particularly to a kind of inhibition apple brown stain and extend storage time
Preservation method.
Background technique
Covering rich apple is that the Dongguang apple that tree body winter resistance is strong, fruity is sour is selected to make maternal, to select fruit quality excellent richness
Scholar's apple makees male parent, the high-quality Big Apple of the cold-resistant of cross breeding.The kind fruit is larger, and average fruit weighs about 260 grams, in Ningcheng
Regional early and middle ten days in October are mature, and background color is yellowish green, when full maturity can comprehensive red coloration, pulp is yellowish, crisp succulence, fragrant and sweet taste
It is dense.It measures according to the study, Vitamin C content is up to 9.0~11.5mg/100g, and titratable acid content is 0.45%~0.60%, can
Dissolubility solid content is also relatively high, is 14.5%~16.0%, and excellent taste, quality is superior, deep by the majority of consumers blueness
It looks at.
But easily there is brown stain, pericarp dehydration shrinkage in storage period tissue (pulp and core) in its fruit, makes under quality
Drop shortens storage and shelf life, and sale is become the bottleneck for covering rich apple industry by extreme influence.Upper base is produced at present
This is using the storage place extending fruit storage period such as freezer and ventilation library, cellar, but if storage or way to manage are improper, storage
3~4 months fruits in hiding occur as soon as tissue (pulp and core) brown stain, lose commodity and edible value, make to orchard worker and storage family
At certain loss.
Therefore, " covering rich " Apples quality is maintained using certain technology and methods, prevents its brown stain, extends its storage
Service life covers rich Apple Culture to development and is of great significance.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the invention provides the preservation method of a kind of inhibition apple brown stain and extension storage time,
Main purpose is to solve the problems, such as that (the pulp and core) brown stain of Apple tissue and shelf-life are short.
In order to achieve the above objectives, invention broadly provides following technical solutions:
On the one hand, the embodiment of the invention provides the preservation method of a kind of inhibition apple brown stain and extension storage time, institutes
The method of stating includes:
(1) it pre-harvest treatment: harvests first 5~7 days in apple and is handled with 1- methyl cyclopropene aqueous solution sprinkling；
(2) pick: picking in 145~155 days is big through the eight to ninety percent ripe of step (1) sprinkling processing, fruit after full-bloom stage
It is small it is uniform, fruit colour is almost the same, injures the Apple of no disease and pests harm without colliding with, the fruit after adopting will be taken in field
Shade protection is built, to avoid and burn day；
(3) it transports: the satisfactory apple of picking is transported as early as possible to storage place；
(4) calcium treatment: the Apple carpopodium of step (3) is cut short, and is immersed in calcium chloride solution and is impregnated, taking-up is dried in the air
It is dry；
(5) it packs: by the processed Apple housing foam screen sheath of step (4), being packed into carton or plastics fruit case, in case
The dedicated polyethylene film freshness protection package of apple is served as a contrast, freshness protection package opening is placed, and freshness protection package is equipped with venthole；
(6) it is pre-chilled: the Apple that step (5) are handled is put in storage pre-cooling immediately；
(7) soda lime is handled: after pre-cooling, the soda lime bound up with gauze being put into freshness protection package, tightens bag immediately
Mouthful；
(8) it stores: after the completion of pre-cooling, fruit being subjected to slow cooling to -2~-1 DEG C of normal management；Storage period, it is fresh-keeping
The control of bag internal oxygen gas concentration is in 19%~21% (preferably 20%), gas concentration lwevel control 0.3% hereinafter, ethylene concentration control
System is in 5 μ L/L hereinafter, relative humidity is 85%~90%.
Preferably, the concentration of the 1- methyl cyclopropene aqueous solution is 200 μ L/L-400 μ L/L.
Preferably, described eight to ninety percent ripe refer to hardness of fruit 6.0kg/cm2More than, soluble solid content
14.0% or more.
Preferably, the concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 5%-7%, soaking time is 8-10 minutes.
Preferably, the aperture of the venthole on the freshness protection package is 20~40 μm, the density of the venthole is 1~2
Hole/cm2, the freshness protection package with a thickness of 0.015mm~0.02mm.
Preferably, the precooling temperature of the step (6) is 6 DEG C~8 DEG C, pre-coo time is 2~3 days.
Preferably, the weight for the soda lime that the step (7) is wrapped is 50~80 grams, generated for absorbing respiration of fruits
Carbon dioxide, prevent fruit carbon dioxide injure.
Preferably, the concrete operations of the slow cooling: dropping 1 DEG C within every 3 days, be down to 0 DEG C within 18~24 days, stored at 0 DEG C
10~12 days, it is down to -2~-1 DEG C of normal management later and stores to terminating.
Preferably, periodic detection bag composition of gases within and environment epidemic disaster, oxygen and titanium dioxide in the preservation method
Carbon and ethylene gas ingredient are measured using U.S. F-950 Three Gas Analyzer；Temperature in the preservation method
It with humidity is monitored using Germany's 174 humiture instrument of testo.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The rich Apples preservation method of illiteracy provided by the invention, in such a way that physics and chemistry combine, to the rich apple of illiteracy
Leaching calcium, soda lime are handled, are pre-chilled and combines freshness protection package and slow cooling fruits spray 1- methyl cyclopropene, adopt before being adopted after
Storage.Fresh-keeping illiteracy richness Apple is stored 6 months, shelf 7~10 days after outbound, is not only solved and is covered rich apple in traditional technology
Fruit, which only stores, results in pulp and fruit lopside for 3~4 months, also effectively extends the shelf-life and shelf for covering rich apple
Phase, and the color, smell and taste of storage fruit are maintained substantially, maintain hardness, soluble solid, titratable acid and the dimension of fruit
The qualitative characteristics such as raw element C, improve fruit storage property and commodity rate, meet the need of long-distance transport sale and long-term storage well
It wants, while reducing the risk and cost of storage again.
Specific embodiment
For further illustrate the present invention to reach the technical means and efficacy that predetermined goal of the invention is taken, below with compared with
Good embodiment, to specific embodiment, technical solution, feature and its effect applied according to the present invention, detailed description is as follows.Under
Stating the special characteristic, structure or feature in multiple embodiments in bright can be combined by any suitable form.
Embodiment 1
(1) pre-harvest treatment: 1- methyl cyclopropene (1-MCP) the aqueous solution spray that rich apple harvests first 5 days using 400 μ L/L is covered
Spill processing；
(2) pick: 145~155 days after full-bloom stage, selection adopt before 1- methyl cyclopropene aqueous solution processing, eight to nine
Maturation (hardness of fruit 6.0kg/cm2More than, 14.0% or more soluble solid content), fruit size is uniform, fruit colour
Almost the same Apple picking without bump injury, no disease and pests harm, the fruit after adopting will build shade in field and protect
Shield to avoid and burn day；
(3) it transports: transport in illiteracy richness Apple 12 hours picked as required to storage place is subjected to subsequent processing；
(4) calcium treatment: the illiteracy richness Apple carpopodium transported back is cut short, and immerses the CaCl that mass concentration is 7%2It is molten
It is impregnated 10 minutes in liquid, taking-up is dried；
(5) it packs: the Apple housing foam screen sheath after calcium dries will be soaked, be packed into carton or plastics fruit case, every case dress
Fruit amount is 10 kilograms, and case liner is equipped with that venthole aperture is 20~40 μm, ventilation hole density is 1~2 hole/cm2, with a thickness of 0.02
The dedicated polyethylene of apple (PE) thin film preservative bag of millimeter, freshness protection package opening are placed；
(6) it is pre-chilled: after packing processes are complete, rich Apple will be covered and be put in storage pre-cooling immediately, precooling temperature is controlled at 8 DEG C, in advance
Cold 3 days；
(7) soda lime is handled: after pre-cooling, bind up with gauze 70 grams of soda lime being put into freshness protection package and (absorb fruit
The carbon dioxide that real breathing generates, prevents fruit carbon dioxide from injuring), sack is tightened immediately；
(8) it stores: after the completion of pre-cooling, fruit being subjected to slow cooling storage, 1 DEG C is dropped within every 3 days, 0 DEG C is down within 24 days, 0
DEG C storage 10 days, it is down to -2~-1 DEG C of normal management later and stores to terminating；Storage period, oxygen concentration control exists in freshness protection package
20% or so, gas concentration lwevel control 0.3% hereinafter, ethylene concentration control in 5 μ L/L hereinafter, relative humidity be 85%~
90%.
Periodic detection bag composition of gases within and environment epidemic disaster, oxygen and carbon dioxide and ethylene gas ingredient use
U.S. F-950 Three Gas Analyzer measurement；Epidemic disaster is monitored using Germany's 174 humiture instrument of testo.
Embodiment 2
(1) pre-harvest treatment: 1- methyl cyclopropene (1-MCP) the aqueous solution spray that rich apple harvests first 7 days using 200 μ L/L is covered
Spill processing；
(2) pick: 145~155 days after full-bloom stage, selection adopt before 1- methyl cyclopropene aqueous solution processing, eight to nine
Maturation (hardness of fruit 6.0kg/cm2More than, 14.0% or more soluble solid content), fruit size is uniform, fruit colour
Almost the same Apple picking without bump injury, no disease and pests harm, the fruit after adopting will build shade in field and protect
Shield to avoid and burn day；
(3) it transports: transport in illiteracy richness Apple 18 hours picked as required to storage place is subjected to subsequent processing；
(4) calcium treatment: the illiteracy richness Apple carpopodium transported back is cut short, and immerses the CaCl that mass concentration is 5%2It is molten
It is impregnated 8 minutes in liquid, taking-up is dried；
(5) it packs: the Apple housing foam screen sheath after calcium dries will be soaked, be packed into carton or plastics fruit case, every case dress
Fruit amount is 12.5 kilograms, and case liner is equipped with that venthole aperture is 20~40 μm, ventilation hole density is 1~2 hole/cm2, with a thickness of
The dedicated polyethylene of 0.015 millimeter of apple (PE) thin film preservative bag, freshness protection package opening are placed；
(6) it is pre-chilled: after packing processes are complete, rich Apple will be covered and be put in storage pre-cooling immediately, precooling temperature is controlled at 6 DEG C, in advance
Cold 2 days；
(7) soda lime is handled: after pre-cooling, bind up with gauze 50 grams of soda lime being put into freshness protection package and (absorb fruit
The carbon dioxide that real breathing generates, prevents fruit carbon dioxide from injuring), sack is tightened immediately；
(8) it stores: after the completion of pre-cooling, fruit being subjected to slow cooling storage, 1 DEG C is dropped within every 3 days, 0 DEG C is down within 18 days, 0
DEG C storage 12 days, it is down to -2~-1 DEG C of normal management later and stores to terminating.Storage period, oxygen concentration control exists in freshness protection package
20% or so, gas concentration lwevel control 0.3% hereinafter, ethylene concentration control in 5 μ L/L hereinafter, relative humidity be 85%~
90%.
Periodic detection bag composition of gases within and environment epidemic disaster, oxygen and carbon dioxide and ethylene gas ingredient use
U.S. F-950 Three Gas Analyzer measurement；Epidemic disaster is monitored using Germany's 174 humiture instrument of testo.
Above-mentioned case study on implementation test result such as the following table 1:
Table 1. covers rich Apples embodiment result table
The rich Apples preservation method of illiteracy provided by the invention, in such a way that physics and chemistry combine, to the rich apple of illiteracy
Leaching calcium, soda lime are handled, are pre-chilled and combines freshness protection package and slow cooling fruits spray 1- methyl cyclopropene, adopt before being adopted after
Storage.Fresh-keeping illiteracy richness Apple is stored 6 months, shelf 7~10 days after outbound, is not only solved and is covered rich apple in traditional technology
Fruit, which only stores, results in pulp and fruit lopside for 3~4 months, also effectively extends the shelf-life and shelf for covering rich apple
Phase, and the color, smell and taste of storage fruit are maintained substantially, maintain hardness, soluble solid, titratable acid and the dimension of fruit
The qualitative characteristics such as raw element C, improve fruit storage property and commodity rate.Meet the need of long-distance transport sale and long-term storage well
It wants, while reducing the risk and cost of storage again.
Disclosed above is only a specific embodiment of the invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, is appointed
What those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, answer
It is included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with above-mentioned scope of protection of the claims
It is quasi-.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of preservation method for inhibiting apple brown stain and extending storage time, which is characterized in that the method includes following steps
It is rapid:
(1) it pre-harvest treatment: harvests first 5~7 days in apple and is handled with 1- methyl cyclopropene aqueous solution sprinkling；
(2) pick: picking in 145~155 days is equal through the eight to ninety percent ripe of step (1) sprinkling processing, fruit size after full-bloom stage
One, fruit colour is almost the same, injures the Apple of no disease and pests harm without colliding with, and the fruit after adopting will build screening in field
Negative canopy protection, to avoid and burn day；
(3) it transports: the satisfactory apple of picking is transported as early as possible to storage place；
(4) calcium treatment: the Apple carpopodium of step (3) is cut short, and is immersed in calcium chloride solution and is impregnated, taking-up is dried；
(5) it packs: by the processed Apple housing foam screen sheath of step (4), being packed into carton or plastics fruit case, case liner apple
The dedicated polyethylene film freshness protection package of fruit, freshness protection package opening are placed, and freshness protection package is equipped with venthole；
(6) it is pre-chilled: the Apple that step (5) are handled is put in storage pre-cooling immediately；
(7) soda lime is handled: after pre-cooling, the soda lime bound up with gauze being put into freshness protection package, tightens sack immediately；
(8) it stores: after the completion of pre-cooling, fruit being subjected to slow cooling to -2~-1 DEG C of normal management；Storage period, in freshness protection package
Oxygen concentration control 19%~21%, gas concentration lwevel control 0.3% hereinafter, ethylene concentration control in 5 μ L/L hereinafter,
Relative humidity is 85%~90%.
2. a kind of preservation method for inhibiting apple brown stain and extending storage time as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The concentration for stating 1- methyl cyclopropene aqueous solution is 200 μ of μ L/L~400 L/L.
3. a kind of preservation method for inhibiting apple brown stain and extending storage time as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It states eight to ninety percent and ripe refers to hardness of fruit 6.0kg/cm2More than, 14.0% or more soluble solid content.
4. a kind of preservation method for inhibiting apple brown stain and extending storage time as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The concentration for stating calcium chloride solution is 5%~7%, and soaking time is 8~10 minutes.
5. a kind of preservation method for inhibiting apple brown stain and extending storage time as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The aperture for stating the venthole on freshness protection package is 20~40 μm, and the density of the venthole is 1~2 hole/cm2, the freshness protection package
With a thickness of 0.015mm~0.02mm.
6. a kind of preservation method for inhibiting apple brown stain and extending storage time as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The precooling temperature for stating step (6) is 6~8 DEG C, and pre-coo time is 2~3 days.
7. a kind of preservation method for inhibiting apple brown stain and extending storage time as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating the soda lime weight that step (7) is wrapped is 50~80 grams, for absorbing the carbon dioxide of respiration of fruits generation, prevents fruit two
Carbonoxide injury.
8. a kind of preservation method for inhibiting apple brown stain and extending storage time as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It states the concrete operations of slow cooling: dropping 1 DEG C within every 3 days, be down to 0 DEG C within 18~24 days, stored 10~12 days at 0 DEG C, be down to -2 later
~-1 DEG C of normal management is stored to terminating.
9. a kind of preservation method for inhibiting apple brown stain and extending storage time as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
State periodic detection bag composition of gases within and environment epidemic disaster, oxygen and carbon dioxide and ethylene gas ingredient in preservation method
It is to be measured using U.S. F-950 Three Gas Analyzer；Temperature and humidity in the preservation method is using Germany
The monitoring of 174 humiture instrument of testo.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810966344.6A CN109007000A (en) | 2018-08-23 | 2018-08-23 | A kind of preservation method for inhibiting apple brown stain and extending storage time |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810966344.6A CN109007000A (en) | 2018-08-23 | 2018-08-23 | A kind of preservation method for inhibiting apple brown stain and extending storage time |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110353030A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-10-22 | 沈阳农业大学 | A kind of fresh-keeping fresh adding method of needle mushroom |
| CN111387275A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-07-10 | 天津市林业果树研究所 | Fresh-keeping method for fruit and vegetable collection, storage, transportation and sale and application thereof |
| CN112449909A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-09 | 河南省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Method for improving storage quality of apples |
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| CN107691632A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2018-02-16 | 中国农业科学院果树研究所 | A kind of Apples preservation method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110353030A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-10-22 | 沈阳农业大学 | A kind of fresh-keeping fresh adding method of needle mushroom |
| CN111387275A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-07-10 | 天津市林业果树研究所 | Fresh-keeping method for fruit and vegetable collection, storage, transportation and sale and application thereof |
| CN112449909A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-09 | 河南省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Method for improving storage quality of apples |
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