CN110200063A - A method of improving Apple storage quality and Shelf-life - Google Patents
A method of improving Apple storage quality and Shelf-life Download PDFInfo
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- CN110200063A CN110200063A CN201910489683.4A CN201910489683A CN110200063A CN 110200063 A CN110200063 A CN 110200063A CN 201910489683 A CN201910489683 A CN 201910489683A CN 110200063 A CN110200063 A CN 110200063A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/04—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/144—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/153—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B7/154—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
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Abstract
The present invention relates to Apple Preserve And Storage-Fresh Technique field, in particular a kind of method for improving Apple storage quality and Shelf-life, S1, pre-harvest treatment；Prepare before S2, storage；S3, harvesting；S4, transport；S5, it fumigates；S6, salicylic acid processing；S7, packaging；S8, two sections of falling temperature method storages；S9, air conditioned storage；Red apple method for storing and refreshing beyond the Great Wall provided by the invention, in such a way that physics and chemistry combine, to 30~15 days sprinkling benomyls before red apple suitable harvest stage beyond the Great Wall and thiophanate methyl wettable powder, rear 1- methyl cyclopropene and two sections of salicylic acid processing, freshness protection package individual packing and non-woven fabrics packaging, early period falling temperature method storages, air conditioned storages later are adopted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Apple Preserve And Storage-Fresh Technique fields, and in particular to a kind of raising Apple storage quality and extension
The method of shelf life.
Background technique
" red beyond the Great Wall ", also known as " beautiful Malus spectabilis ", " heart fruit ", in December, 2012 are recognized by Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region high quality tree species
Fixed (mono- MP 1 of breeding number R-SC) is simultaneously named.The kind fruit is in wealthy cone, and like heart, pericarp background color is light
Huang, the nearly maturation face Shi Quanguo cerise, coloring deepens red when mature, and pulp is fine and smooth, tightly crisp, succulence, sour and sweet palatability, has dense
Strongly fragrant fragrance, fruit soluble solids content are up to 16.5%~21.5%, and Soluble adhesion molecule is 13.6%~
16.5%, titratable acid content is 0.735%~0.900%, and Vitamin C content is up to 140.0~180.5mg/kg, quality
It is better than high-quality Big Apple " cold rich and Fuji apple ", is the distinct Chinese characteristics apple of a kind of high sugar, peracid, high Vc, it is deep green by consumer
It looks at.But red apple belongs to typical small-sized fruit beyond the Great Wall, and mean fruit weight 60g or so, growth and development stage is short, high temperature at a time when maturation
In season, pericarp is thin in addition, intolerant to colliding with, not storage tolerance, adopt store under the conditions of rear natural temperature just send out within 6~8 days it is continuous soften, research
It was found that red to low temperature and CO beyond the Great Wall2It is extremely sensitive, under cryogenic conditions once reserve temperature, humidity, gas componant configuration are improper
It will appear pericarp cracking, pulp dehydration and softening and send out the quality deteriorations problems such as silk floss, Tissue Browning, flavor decline, give orchard worker or storage
Cause serious loss in family.At present in production beyond the Great Wall red apple largely using the technology and methods of storage Fuji etc. Big Apples into
Row refrigeration, although 60~90 days can be stored, shelf life only 2~3 days, it is continuous that fruit begins to softening hair, and fruit colour is dimmed, very
To brown stain, fruit rot, commodity fruit rate is low, and the characteristic of this not storage tolerance constrains this red excellent characteristic Apple Industry beyond the Great Wall
Sound development.Therefore, the present invention improves " red beyond the Great Wall " Apples quality using certain technology and methods, extend storage and
Shelf life solves the problems, such as storage, improves storage commodity fruit rate, keeps healthy fruit up to 90% or more, sends out industrialization
Apple is of great significance with opening up northern cold.
Summary of the invention
To solve the problems mentioned above in the background art.The present invention provides a kind of raising Apple storage quality and
It is difficult the technologies such as to solve red apple storage period quality deterioration, Tissue Browning and storage beyond the Great Wall shelf life be short for the method for Shelf-life
Point and problem.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a kind of raising Apple storage quality and extension
The method of shelf life, includes the following steps:
S1, pre-harvest treatment --- it is harvested first 30 days in red apple beyond the Great Wall, sprays 1 time 50% benomyl wettable powder
1500~2000 times of liquid continue to spray 1 50%~70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder 500 later 15 days before harvesting
~1000 times of liquid can prevent the generation of fruit storage phase rouge and powder disease and other fungal diseases；
Prepare before S2, storage --- first 4~6 days of storage, to the library and storage 30~35 gram/cubic metre sulphur of packing container
Sulphur is closed to fumigate the processing that carries out disinfection in 24~48 hours, then divulges information 24~48 hours, library temperature is modulated 8~12 in 2~3 days in advance
It is DEG C spare；
S3, harvesting --- during 120~130 days fruit development phases, select preharvest spraying benomyl and methyl support
The fruit tree of cloth saliva sets the quality of upper 50 fruits using Portable non-damage detector random sampling detection, it is desirable that 90% or more
The hardness of fruit reach 10.5~11.8kg/cm2, soluble solid content reaches 16.0%~18.5%, full fruit face it is fresh
Red fruit pick without wound as storage fruit harvest maturity standard, and the fruit for reaching this standard has good nutrition
Quality and storage shelf life；
S4, transport --- it will be transported to storage place within fruit 6~12 hours picked as required and carry out subsequent processing；
S5, fumigate --- the red apple beyond the Great Wall transported back is placed in sealing library, with 1- methyl cyclopropene suffocating treatment fruit
12~16 hours real, at 8~12 DEG C, the concentration of 1- methyl cyclopropene is 0.5~1.0 μ L/ for environment temperature control during fumigating
L after suffocating treatment is complete, opens closed place and divulges information 6~12 hours, extra 1- methylcyclopropene gas is excluded；
S6, salicylic acid processing --- the salicylic acid that the fruit of 1- methyl cyclopropene suffocating treatment is immersed 6~8mmol/L is molten
Pumping process is depressurized in liquid, until being kept for 3~5 minutes when pressure is to 0.05~0.08MPa, is then placed in air, is allowed fruit normal
Pressure continues immersion 5~7 minutes, and taking-up is dried, and environment temperature is controlled at 8~12 DEG C；
S7, packaging --- it is small with the dedicated polyethylene film of apple with a thickness of 0.02 millimeter by the Apple after drying
Bag is put into liner white PP after individual packing and takes out in the carton or plastics fruit case of line non-woven bag, and every bag or every case dress fruit amount are
2.5~5 kilograms, the environment temperature for packing place is controlled at 8~12 DEG C；
S8, the storage of two sections of falling temperature methods --- packaged fruit is put into freezer, is divided to two sections of temperature reduction and storages early period, first
Duan Wendu is controlled at 6~8 DEG C, is pre-chilled 4~5 days；Later by library temperature drop to 2~4 DEG C, it is pre-chilled 4~5 days；
S9, air conditioned storage --- by the fruit for using two sections of falling temperature methods to be pre-chilled be placed on temperature for 0~0.5 DEG C, it is relatively wet
Degree is O for the gas parameter in 80%~90% air-conditioned cold store, regulated and controled in air-conditioned cold store2Volume percent content 5%, CO2Volume hundred
Divide than content 1%~2%, until air conditioned storage terminates.
As the method optimal technical scheme of a kind of raising Apple storage quality and Shelf-life of the invention, institute
It states in S1, if 120-130 days fruit development phase, was sprayed at red apple fruit growth 90-100 days beyond the Great Wall 1 time 50%
Benomyl wettable powder.
As the method optimal technical scheme of a kind of raising Apple storage quality and Shelf-life of the invention, institute
It states in S1, if 120-130 days fruit development phase, continued to spray 1 50%~70% first at fruit growth 105-115 days
500~1000 times of liquid of base thiophanate wettable powder.
As the method optimal technical scheme of a kind of raising Apple storage quality and Shelf-life of the invention, institute
It states in S2, disinfection treatment prevention storage period penicilliosis, rouge and powder disease and other fungal diseases.
As the method optimal technical scheme of a kind of raising Apple storage quality and Shelf-life of the invention, institute
It states in S8, packaged fruit is put into freezer, be divided to two sections of temperature reduction and storages early period, main pre- preventing low-temperature cold damage.
It is fixed as the method optimal technical scheme of a kind of raising Apple storage quality and Shelf-life of the invention
Phase detects air-conditioned cold store composition of gases within and environment epidemic disaster, and oxygen and carbon dioxide gas ingredient use U.S. F-950 Three
Gas Analyzer measurement.
As the method optimal technical scheme of a kind of raising Apple storage quality and Shelf-life of the invention,
Epidemic disaster is monitored using Germany's 174 humiture instrument of testo.
As the method optimal technical scheme of a kind of raising Apple storage quality and Shelf-life of the invention, institute
It states in S1, benomyl wettable powder is systemic fungicide, is that carbendazim and another kind have volatility in plant intracellular metabolite
Butyl isocyanate is its major antibacterial substance.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1) red apple method for storing and refreshing beyond the Great Wall provided by the invention, in such a way that physics and chemistry combine, to plug
30~15 days sprinkling benomyls and thiophanate methyl wettable powder are (after main prevention is adopted before outer red apple suitable harvest stage
The generation of storage period fruit rouge and powder disease and other fungal diseases), adopting rear 1- methyl cyclopropene and salicylic acid processing, (main rise is protected
Effect that is fresh and mitigating chilling injury), freshness protection package individual packing and non-woven fabrics pack (preventing fruit dehydration and bump injury), early period
Two sections of falling temperature methods store (damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature to reduce), later air conditioned storage.
2) using this technology storage red apple beyond the Great Wall, not only solve in background technique red apple beyond the Great Wall only store 60~
90 days, pulp begin to hair is continuous, soften, pericarp cracking, color are dimmed, even brown stain the problems such as, will also extend to storage period
150 days, shelf life also extended to 5~7 days from 2~3 days in background technique, and reduce fruit damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature rate and rotting rate,
Commodity fruit rate has been increased to 90% or more, and substantially maintain storage fruit color, smell and taste, maintain fruit high rigidity,
The qualitative characteristics such as high sugar, peracid, improve fruit storage property, meet the needs of long-distance transport sale and long-term storage well,
Reduce the risk and cost of storage again simultaneously.
3) red fruit beyond the Great Wall stored using the present invention, when storing 120 days+shelf 5 days and 150 days+shelf 5 days, beyond the Great Wall
Red pulp hardness is still higher than 9.0kg/cm2, soluble solid content do not occur pericarp and damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature and core 16.0% or more
Brown stain symptom, Cracking fruit are only 3%~6%, and commodity fruit rate is up to 94.0%, and commonsense method is used to store 60~90 days goods
Frame only 3 days, the hardness of fruit dropped down to 7.5kg/cm2(research shows that: red fruit hardness is lower than 8.0kg/cm beyond the Great Wall2, pulp
It is continuous to start hair, indication fruit senesces, and loses edible value), and occur it is certain damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature, specially pericarp and core
Browning index reaches 12% or more, and fruit rotting rate is up to 20.0%, and commodity fruit rate is only 52.0%.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and constitutes part of specification, with reality of the invention
It applies example to be used to explain the present invention together, not be construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is that (remarks: a left side is the red fruit fruit beyond the Great Wall of original technology storage to 120 days shelf of present invention storage, 5 days effect pictures
Skin damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature brown stain symptom, the effect that the right side is stored for the present invention)；
In Fig. 2 left figure be original technology store 90 days+shelf, 3 days comparison diagrams, right figure be the technology of the present invention store 120 days+
(remarks: left figure is the pericarp dehiscent fruit symptom of red fruit beyond the Great Wall of original technology storage to 7 days comparison diagrams of shelf, and right figure is present invention storage
The effect of hiding)；
Fig. 3 is that (remarks: a left side is what original technology was stored to 120 days+shelf of red storage, 5 days effect contrast figures to the present invention beyond the Great Wall
Red fruit pericarp browning beyond the Great Wall, dehiscent fruit, senile symptom, the effect that the right side is stored for the present invention).
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A method of Apple storage quality and Shelf-life are improved, is included the following steps:
S1, pre-harvest treatment --- it is harvested first 30 days in red apple beyond the Great Wall, sprays 1 time 50% benomyl wettable powder
1500 times of liquid continue to spray 1 50% thiophanate methyl wettable powder, 500 times of liquid, can prevent fruit later 15 days before harvesting
The generation of real storage period rouge and powder disease and other fungal diseases；
Prepare before S2, storage --- first 4 days of storage, it is closed with 30 gram/cubic metre sulphur to the library and storage packing container
The processing that carries out disinfection in 24 hours is fumigated, is then divulged information 24 hours, 2 days in advance spare by 8 DEG C of library temperature modulation；
S3, harvesting --- during 120 days fruit development phases, select preharvest spraying benomyl and thiophanate methyl
Fruit tree sets the quality of upper 50 fruits using Portable non-damage detector random sampling detection, it is desirable that 90% or more fruit
Hardness reaches 10.5kg/cm2, soluble solid content reaches 16.0%, full fruit face cherry fruit as storage fruit
Harvest maturity standard pick without wound, and the fruit for reaching this standard has good nutritional quality and storage shelf life；
S4, transport --- it will be transported to storage place within fruit 6 hours picked as required and carry out subsequent processing；
S5, fumigate --- the red apple beyond the Great Wall transported back is placed in sealing library, with 1- methyl cyclopropene suffocating treatment fruit
12 hours real, environment temperature control is at 8 DEG C during fumigating, and the concentration of 1- methyl cyclopropene is 0.5 μ L/L, and suffocating treatment is complete
Afterwards, it opens closed place to divulge information 6 hours, extra 1- methylcyclopropene gas is excluded；
S6, salicylic acid processing --- the fruit of 1- methyl cyclopropene suffocating treatment is immersed to the salicylic acid solution of 6mmol/L
Middle decompression pumping process is then placed in air, fruit is allowed to continue to soak under normal pressure until being kept for 3 minutes when pressure is to 0.05MPa
Bubble 5 minutes, taking-up is dried, and environment temperature is controlled at 8 DEG C；
S7, packaging --- it is small with the dedicated polyethylene film of apple with a thickness of 0.02 millimeter by the Apple after drying
Bag is put into liner white PP after individual packing and takes out in the carton or plastics fruit case of line non-woven bag, and every bag or every case dress fruit amount are
2.5 kilograms, the environment temperature for packing place is controlled at 8 DEG C；
S8, the storage of two sections of falling temperature methods --- packaged fruit is put into freezer, is divided to two sections of temperature reduction and storages early period, first
Duan Wendu is controlled at 6 DEG C, is pre-chilled 4 days；Later by library temperature drop to 2 DEG C, it is pre-chilled 4 days；
S9, air conditioned storage --- the fruit for using two sections of falling temperature methods to be pre-chilled, which is placed on temperature as 0 DEG C, relative humidity, is
In 80% air-conditioned cold store, regulating and controlling the gas parameter in air-conditioned cold store is O2Volume percent content 5%, CO2Volume percent content
1%, until air conditioned storage terminates.
In conjunction with above content, in the S1, if the fruit development phase 120 days, in red apple fruit growth 90 days beyond the Great Wall
Shi Tian sprays 1 time 50% benomyl wettable powder.
In conjunction with above content, in the S1, if the fruit development phase 120 days, continued to spray at fruit growth 105 days
1 50% thiophanate methyl wettable powder, 500 times of liquid.
In conjunction with above content, in the S2, disinfection treatment prevention storage period penicilliosis, rouge and powder disease and other fungal diseases.
In conjunction with above content, in the S8, packaged fruit is put into freezer, is divided to two sections of temperature reduction and storages early period, it is main
Want pre- preventing low-temperature cold damage.
In conjunction with above content, periodic detection air-conditioned cold store composition of gases within and environment epidemic disaster, oxygen and carbon dioxide gas
Ingredient is measured using U.S. F-950 Three Gas Analyzer.
In conjunction with above content, epidemic disaster is monitored using Germany's 174 humiture instrument of testo.
In conjunction with above content, in the S1, benomyl wettable powder is systemic fungicide, is in plant intracellular metabolite
Carbendazim and another kind have volatility butyl isocyanate, are its major antibacterial substances.
Embodiment 2
A method of Apple storage quality and Shelf-life are improved, is included the following steps:
S1, pre-harvest treatment --- it is harvested first 30 days in red apple beyond the Great Wall, sprays 1 time 50% benomyl wettable powder
1800 times of liquid continue to spray 1 60% thiophanate methyl wettable powder, 800 times of liquid, can prevent fruit later 15 days before harvesting
The generation of real storage period rouge and powder disease and other fungal diseases；
Prepare before S2, storage --- first 5 days of storage, it is closed with 33 gram/cubic metre sulphur to the library and storage packing container
The processing that carries out disinfection in 36 hours is fumigated, is then divulged information 36 hours, 2.5 days in advance spare by 10 DEG C of library temperature modulation；
S3, harvesting --- during 125 days fruit development phases, select preharvest spraying benomyl and thiophanate methyl
Fruit tree sets the quality of upper 50 fruits using Portable non-damage detector random sampling detection, it is desirable that 90% or more fruit
Hardness reaches 11.0kg/cm2, soluble solid content reaches 17.0%, full fruit face cherry fruit as storage fruit
Harvest maturity standard pick without wound, and the fruit for reaching this standard has good nutritional quality and storage shelf life；
S4, transport --- it will be transported to storage place within fruit 9 hours picked as required and carry out subsequent processing；
S5, fumigate --- the red apple beyond the Great Wall transported back is placed in sealing library, with 1- methyl cyclopropene suffocating treatment fruit
14 hours real, environment temperature control is at 10 DEG C during fumigating, and the concentration of 1- methyl cyclopropene is 0.8 μ L/L, and suffocating treatment is complete
Afterwards, it opens closed place to divulge information 9 hours, extra 1- methylcyclopropene gas is excluded；
S6, salicylic acid processing --- the fruit of 1- methyl cyclopropene suffocating treatment is immersed to the salicylic acid solution of 7mmol/L
Middle decompression pumping process is then placed in air, fruit is allowed to continue to soak under normal pressure until being kept for 4 minutes when pressure is to 0.07MPa
Bubble 6 minutes, taking-up is dried, and environment temperature is controlled at 10 DEG C；
S7, packaging --- it is small with the dedicated polyethylene film of apple with a thickness of 0.02 millimeter by the Apple after drying
Bag is put into liner white PP after individual packing and takes out in the carton or plastics fruit case of line non-woven bag, and every bag or every case dress fruit amount are 4
Kilogram, the environment temperature for packing place is controlled at 10 DEG C；
S8, the storage of two sections of falling temperature methods --- packaged fruit is put into freezer, is divided to two sections of temperature reduction and storages early period, first
Duan Wendu is controlled at 7 DEG C, is pre-chilled 4.5 days；Later by library temperature drop to 3 DEG C, it is pre-chilled 4.5 days；
S9, air conditioned storage --- the fruit for using two sections of falling temperature methods to be pre-chilled is placed on temperature as 0.25 DEG C, relative humidity
Contain in 85% air-conditioned cold store, to regulate and control the gas parameter in air-conditioned cold store for O2 volume percent content 5%, CO2 percent by volume
Amount 1.5%, until air conditioned storage terminates.
In conjunction with above content, in the S1, if the fruit development phase 125 days, in red apple fruit growth 95 days beyond the Great Wall
Shi Tian sprays 1 time 50% benomyl wettable powder.
In conjunction with above content, in the S1, if the fruit development phase 125 days, continued to spray at fruit growth 110 days
1 60% thiophanate methyl wettable powder, 750 times of liquid.
In conjunction with above content, in the S2, disinfection treatment prevention storage period penicilliosis, rouge and powder disease and other fungal diseases.
In conjunction with above content, in the S8, packaged fruit is put into freezer, is divided to two sections of temperature reduction and storages early period, it is main
Want pre- preventing low-temperature cold damage.
In conjunction with above content, periodic detection air-conditioned cold store composition of gases within and environment epidemic disaster, oxygen and carbon dioxide gas
Ingredient is measured using U.S. F-950 Three Gas Analyzer.
In conjunction with above content, epidemic disaster is monitored using Germany's 174 humiture instrument of testo.
In conjunction with above content, in the S1, benomyl wettable powder is systemic fungicide, is in plant intracellular metabolite
Carbendazim and another kind have volatility butyl isocyanate, are its major antibacterial substances.
Embodiment 3
A method of Apple storage quality and Shelf-life are improved, is included the following steps:
S1, pre-harvest treatment --- it is harvested first 30 days in red apple beyond the Great Wall, sprays 1 time 50% benomyl wettable powder
2000 times of liquid continue to spray 1 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid, can prevent later 15 days before harvesting
The generation of fruit storage phase rouge and powder disease and other fungal diseases；
Prepare before S2, storage --- first 6 days of storage, it is closed with 35 gram/cubic metre sulphur to the library and storage packing container
The processing that carries out disinfection in 48 hours is fumigated, is then divulged information 48 hours, 3 days in advance spare by 12 DEG C of library temperature modulation；
S3, harvesting --- during 130 days fruit development phases, select preharvest spraying benomyl and thiophanate methyl
Fruit tree sets the quality of upper 50 fruits using Portable non-damage detector random sampling detection, it is desirable that 90% or more fruit
Hardness reaches 11.8kg/cm2, soluble solid content reaches 18.5%, full fruit face cherry fruit as storage fruit
Harvest maturity standard pick without wound, and the fruit for reaching this standard has good nutritional quality and storage shelf life；
S4, transport --- it will be transported to storage place within fruit 12 hours picked as required and carry out subsequent processing；
S5, fumigate --- the red apple beyond the Great Wall transported back is placed in sealing library, with 1- methyl cyclopropene suffocating treatment fruit
16 hours real, environment temperature control is at 12 DEG C during fumigating, and the concentration of 1- methyl cyclopropene is 1.0 μ L/L, and suffocating treatment is complete
Afterwards, it opens closed place to divulge information 12 hours, extra 1- methylcyclopropene gas is excluded；
S6, salicylic acid processing --- the fruit of 1- methyl cyclopropene suffocating treatment is immersed to the salicylic acid solution of 8mmol/L
Middle decompression pumping process is then placed in air, fruit is allowed to continue to soak under normal pressure until being kept for 5 minutes when pressure is to 0.08MPa
Bubble 7 minutes, taking-up is dried, and environment temperature is controlled at 12 DEG C；
S7, packaging --- it is small with the dedicated polyethylene film of apple with a thickness of 0.02 millimeter by the Apple after drying
Bag is put into liner white PP after individual packing and takes out in the carton or plastics fruit case of line non-woven bag, and every bag or every case dress fruit amount are 5
Kilogram, the environment temperature for packing place is controlled at 12 DEG C；
S8, the storage of two sections of falling temperature methods --- packaged fruit is put into freezer, is divided to two sections of temperature reduction and storages early period, first
Duan Wendu is controlled at 8 DEG C, is pre-chilled 5 days；Later by library temperature drop to 4 DEG C, it is pre-chilled 5 days；
S9, air conditioned storage --- the fruit for using two sections of falling temperature methods to be pre-chilled, which is placed on temperature as 0.5 DEG C, relative humidity, is
In 90% air-conditioned cold store, regulating and controlling the gas parameter in air-conditioned cold store is O2Volume percent content 5%, CO2Volume percent content
2%, until air conditioned storage terminates.
In conjunction with above content, in the S1, if the fruit development phase 130 days, in red apple fruit growth 100 days beyond the Great Wall
Shi Tian sprays 1 time 50% benomyl wettable powder.
In conjunction with above content, in the S1, if the fruit development phase 130 days, continued to spray at fruit growth 115 days
1 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid.
In conjunction with above content, in the S2, disinfection treatment prevention storage period penicilliosis, rouge and powder disease and other fungal diseases.
In conjunction with above content, in the S8, packaged fruit is put into freezer, is divided to two sections of temperature reduction and storages early period, it is main
Want pre- preventing low-temperature cold damage.
In conjunction with above content, periodic detection air-conditioned cold store composition of gases within and environment epidemic disaster, oxygen and carbon dioxide gas
Ingredient is measured using U.S. F-950 Three Gas Analyzer.
In conjunction with above content, epidemic disaster is monitored using Germany's 174 humiture instrument of testo.
In conjunction with above content, in the S1, benomyl wettable powder is systemic fungicide, is in plant intracellular metabolite
Carbendazim and another kind have volatility butyl isocyanate, are its major antibacterial substances.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1) red apple method for storing and refreshing beyond the Great Wall provided by the invention, in such a way that physics and chemistry combine, to plug
30~15 days sprinkling benomyls and thiophanate methyl wettable powder (mainly prevent postharvest storage before the outer red apple fruit harvesting phase
The generation of phase fruit rouge and powder disease and other fungal diseases), adopt rear 1- methyl cyclopropene and salicylic acid processing (mainly rise it is fresh-keeping and
Mitigate the effect of chilling injury), freshness protection package individual packing and non-woven fabrics pack (preventing fruit dehydration and bump injury), two sections of early period
Falling temperature method stores (damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature to reduce), later air conditioned storage.
2) using this technology storage red apple beyond the Great Wall, not only solve in background technique red apple beyond the Great Wall only store 60~
90 days, pulp begin to hair is continuous, soften, pericarp cracking, color are dimmed, even brown stain the problems such as, will also extend to storage period
150 days, shelf life also extended to 5~7 days from 2~3 days in background technique, and reduce fruit damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature rate and rotting rate,
Commodity fruit rate has been increased to 90% or more, and substantially maintain storage fruit color, smell and taste, maintain fruit high rigidity,
The qualitative characteristics such as high sugar, peracid, improve fruit storage property, meet the needs of long-distance transport sale and long-term storage well,
Reduce the risk and cost of storage again simultaneously.
3) red fruit beyond the Great Wall stored using the present invention, when storing 120 days+shelf 5 days and 150 days+shelf 5 days, beyond the Great Wall
Red pulp hardness is still higher than 9.0kg/cm2, soluble solid content do not occur pericarp and damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature and core 16.0% or more
Brown stain symptom, Cracking fruit are only 3%~6%, and commodity fruit rate is up to 94.0%, and commonsense method is used to store 60~90 days shelf
Only 3 days, the hardness of fruit dropped down to 7.5kg/cm2(research shows that: red fruit hardness is lower than 8.0kg/cm beyond the Great Wall2, pulp opens
Originate silk floss, indication fruit senesces, and loses edible value), and occur it is certain damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature, specially pericarp and core is brown
Varying index reaches 12% or more, and fruit rotting rate is up to 20%, and commodity fruit rate is only 52.0%.
Invention and original technology Contrast on effect
Finally, it should be noted that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention,
Although the present invention is described in detail referring to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.
All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in of the invention
Within protection scope.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method for improving Apple storage quality and Shelf-life, which comprises the steps of:
S1, pre-harvest treatment --- red apple beyond the Great Wall harvest first 30 days, spray 1 time 50% benomyl wettable powder 1500~
2000 times of liquid continue to spray 1 50%~70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder 500~1000 later 15 days before harvesting
Times liquid can prevent the generation of fruit storage phase rouge and powder disease and other fungal diseases；
Prepare before S2, storage --- first 4~6 days of storage, it is close with 30~35 gram/cubic metre sulphur to the library and storage packing container
The processing that carries out disinfection in stifling 24~48 hours is closed, is then divulged information 24~48 hours, 2~3 days in advance standby by 8~12 DEG C of library temperature modulation
With；
S3, harvesting --- during 120~130 days fruit development phases, select preharvest spraying benomyl and thiophanate methyl
Fruit tree, the quality of upper 50 fruits is set using Portable non-damage detector random sampling detection, it is desirable that 90% or more fruit
Real hardness reaches 10.5~11.8kg/cm2, soluble solid content reaches 16.0%~18.5%, full fruit face cerise
Fruit as storage fruit harvest maturity standard carry out without wound pick, reach this standard fruit have good nutritional quality
With storage shelf life；
S4, transport --- it will be transported to storage place within fruit 6~12 hours picked as required and carry out subsequent processing；
S5, fumigate --- the red apple beyond the Great Wall transported back is placed in sealing library, with 1- methyl cyclopropene suffocating treatment fruit 12
~16 hours, at 8~12 DEG C, the concentration of 1- methyl cyclopropene was 0.5~1.0 μ L/L for environment temperature control during fumigating, and was smoked
After steaming has been handled, opens closed place and divulge information 6~12 hours, extra 1- methylcyclopropene gas is excluded；
S6, salicylic acid processing --- the fruit of 1- methyl cyclopropene suffocating treatment is immersed in the salicylic acid solution of 6~8mmol/L
Depressurize pumping process, until being kept for 3~5 minutes when pressure is to 0.05~0.08MPa, be then placed in air, allow fruit under normal pressure
Continue immersion 5~7 minutes, taking-up is dried, and environment temperature is controlled at 8~12 DEG C；
S7, packaging --- it is single with the dedicated polyethylene film pouch of apple with a thickness of 0.02 millimeter by the Apple after drying
Fruit packaging after be put into liner white PP take out line non-woven bag carton or plastics fruit case in, every bag or every case dress fruit amount be 2.5~5
Kilogram, the environment temperature for packing place is controlled at 8~12 DEG C；
S8, two sections of falling temperature method storages --- packaged fruit is put into freezer, is divided to two sections of temperature reduction and storages, first segment temperature early period
Degree control is pre-chilled 4~5 days at 6~8 DEG C；Later by library temperature drop to 2~4 DEG C, it is pre-chilled 4~5 days；
S9, air conditioned storage --- the fruit for using two sections of falling temperature methods to be pre-chilled, which is placed on temperature as 0~0.5 DEG C, relative humidity, is
In 80%~90% air-conditioned cold store, regulating and controlling the gas parameter in air-conditioned cold store is O2Volume percent content 5%, CO2Percent by volume
Content 1%~2%, until air conditioned storage terminates.
2. a kind of method for improving Apple storage quality and Shelf-life according to claim 1, feature exist
In: in the S1, if 120-130 days fruit development phase, sprayed at red apple fruit growth 90-100 days beyond the Great Wall 1 time
50% benomyl wettable powder.
3. a kind of method for improving Apple storage quality and Shelf-life according to claim 1, feature exist
In: in the S1, if 120-130 days fruit development phase, continued to spray at fruit growth 105-115 days 1 time 50%~
70% 500~1000 times of thiophanate methyl wettable powder liquid.
4. a kind of method for improving Apple storage quality and Shelf-life according to claim 1, feature exist
In: in the S2, disinfection treatment prevention storage period penicilliosis, rouge and powder disease and other fungal diseases.
5. a kind of method for improving Apple storage quality and Shelf-life according to claim 1, feature exist
In: in the S8, packaged fruit is put into freezer, is divided to two sections of temperature reduction and storages early period, main pre- preventing low-temperature cold damage.
6. a kind of method for improving Apple storage quality and Shelf-life according to claim 1, feature exist
In: periodic detection air-conditioned cold store composition of gases within and environment epidemic disaster, oxygen and carbon dioxide gas ingredient use U.S. F-950
Three Gas Analyzer measurement.
7. a kind of method for improving Apple storage quality and Shelf-life according to claim 1, feature exist
In: epidemic disaster is monitored using Germany's 174 humiture instrument of testo.
8. a kind of method for improving Apple storage quality and Shelf-life according to claim 1, feature exist
In: in the S1, benomyl wettable powder is systemic fungicide, is that carbendazim and another kind are waved in plant intracellular metabolite
Hair property butyl isocyanate, is its major antibacterial substance.
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