CN105713714B - 一种用于金刚砂线切割硅片的水性切割液 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于硅晶体切割技术领域,尤其涉及一种用于金刚砂线切割硅片的水性切割液。水性切割液的组分包括极压剂、表面活性剂、消泡剂、酯类油性剂、丁苯橡胶乳液粘合剂和去离子水,该配方的水性切割液在具有优异的润滑、冷却、防腐、防锈、抗极压功能的基础上,制备方法工艺简单、条件易控、成本低廉、对设备要求低,适于工业化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于硅晶体切割技术领域,尤其涉及一种用于金刚砂线切割硅晶体的切割液。
背景技术
随着全球太阳能和微电子行业的飞速发展,对硅片的需求快速增长。切片是硅片加工的第一道工序,同时也是造成硅片应力、表层及亚表层损伤及崩边的主要工序之一,而切割液的性能是影响硅片切割效率及质量的关键因素之一。
目前的硅片切割工艺主要采用游离砂浆切割悬浮液和金刚石砂线切割,而金刚石砂线切割是一种更为新型的切割工艺,利用砂线外层镀有的金刚石与硅片摩擦来进行切割,切割液就不再需要悬浮碳化硅颗粒,也不再需要具备较高的粘度,不需要在溶液中混入碳化硅刃料,其切割速度是砂浆切割工艺中钢线的2~3倍,出片率也比砂浆切割方式高,且其消耗的水电比砂浆切割技术减少了三分之二,切割后产生的硅粉可以全部回收使用,因此在单位产量的折旧、人工和能源成本将大大降低,可谓既节能又环保。
但是,由于金刚石砂线切割工艺中,砂线外层镀有的金刚石与硅片摩擦,而且金刚石砂线产生的摩擦力远比砂浆悬浮液要高,切割时产生瞬间更强的高温,而切屑硅粉由于粒度太细,比表面积大大增加,这导致了切割后的硅片表面会存在不易清洗的固体硅细粉末,从而使产品光滑度下降、良率低、易翘曲。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于:避免金刚石砂线切割硅片的工艺中,所得硅片表面留有很多不易清洗掉的固体硅细粉末,从而确保硅片产品的表面光滑度。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案是:提供一种用于金刚砂线切割硅片的水性切割液,其组分包括极压剂、表面活性剂、消泡剂、酯类油性剂、丁苯橡胶乳液粘合剂、去离子水,
具体而言,上述用于金刚砂线切割硅片的水性切割液按重量份数计算,包括以下各组分:
其中,极压剂选用合成酯类极压剂,如硼酸酯类极压剂,硼酸酯类极压剂作为一种新型的水溶性极压添加剂,其抗极压能力远大于硫磷型和氯铅型添加剂,并且无味、无毒,具有良好的极压抗磨性和热稳定性,对金属无腐蚀,缓蚀高效;另外,由于硼酸酯油膜的强度高,摩擦系数低,在高温高压条件下具有良好的减摩抗磨润滑性能,和密封材料有良好的相容性,对人体无毒害作用,是一种理想的绿色环保型添加剂,有效提高了切割液的摩擦学性能,体现了较好耐极压性;
表面活性剂为非离子表面活性剂,如脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚或烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚,该表面活性剂促进了体系的稳定性,并且对硅片有极佳的润湿能力,使得在切割过程中切割液能够发挥最大铺展作用;
消泡剂为硅类消泡剂,例如二甲基硅油,配方中添加的消泡剂,主要作用是为了抑制在喷洗过程中产生大量气泡,防止溢槽现象发生,该消泡剂具有消泡速度快、发泡能力低的特点;
酯类油性剂为已二酸二异壬酯、三羟甲基丙烷油酸酯或季戊四醇油酸酯,这些酯类油性剂由于酯分子中的酯基具有极性,酯分子易吸附在摩擦表面上形成界油膜,因而具有优异的润滑性能,实现切割后的硅片表面线痕较轻或几乎没有,并且粘温特性良好、粘度指数较高;具有较低的凝点,低温性能良好;闪点高、蒸发度低、抗氧能力强,具有理想的使用寿命和使用安全性;
丁苯橡胶乳液粘合剂为水溶性乳胶,优选SBR l006型胶粘剂,这一类助剂对切割过程中所产生的粒度过细的硅粉具有良好的粘合作用,将该粘结用助剂事先置于切割液中,再借助切割时所产生的部分热量,顺势就可以导致体系中的这些细小硅粉重新团聚、结合成粒径相对较大的颗粒,这些颗粒一部分能够顺利沉降到切割液底部,与切割液体系形成分离,另一部分即使停留在了硅片表面,通过后续冲洗也会比较容易被洗去,避免了“硅粉由于粒径过细,附在硅片表面后不易被洗去”的问题。
本发明还提供了一种上述水性切割液的制备方法,向去离子水中加入表面活性剂、消泡剂、丁苯橡胶乳液粘合剂、酯类油性剂、极压剂,搅拌均匀即得到水性切割液。
本发明的有益效果在于:本发明的硅片金刚线切割液,在具有优异的润滑、冷却、防腐、防锈、抗极压功能的基础上,通过配方中少量的丁苯橡胶乳液粘合剂使切割过程中所产生的细小硅粉重新团聚、结合成粒径相对较大的颗粒,避免了附在硅片表面上的细硅粉不易被洗去的问题。且该水性切割液制备方法工艺简单、条件易控、成本低廉、对设备要求低,适于工业化生产。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种用于金刚砂线切割硅片的水性切割液,按重量份数计算为以下各组分:
本实施例中的水性切割液的制备方法为:
常温(25℃)下,向去离子水中加入上述表面活性剂、消泡剂、丁苯橡胶乳液粘合剂、酯类油性剂、极压剂,搅拌均匀即得到水性切割液。
实施例2
一种用于金刚砂线切割硅片的水性切割液,按重量份数计算为以下各组分:
本实施例中的水性切割液的制备方法为:
常温下,向去离子水中加入上述表面活性剂、消泡剂、丁苯橡胶乳液粘合剂、酯类油性剂、极压剂,搅拌均匀即得到水性切割液。
对比例1
其余各组分均与实施例1的配方中对应相同,仅仅省去了“SBR l006型胶粘剂”,按重量份数计算为以下各组分:
制备方法为:
常温下,向去离子水中加入上述表面活性剂、消泡剂、极压剂、酯类油性剂,搅拌均匀即得到水性切割液。
对比例2
其余各组分均与实施例2的配方中对应相同,仅仅省去了“SBR l006型胶粘剂”,按重量份数计算为以下各组分:
制备方法为:
常温下,向去离子水中加入上述表面活性剂、消泡剂、极压剂、酯类油性剂,搅拌均匀即得到水性切割液。
分别将上述各实施例、对比例的切割液用去离子水稀释350倍后,对同样规格的硅棒进行金刚石砂线切割,切割后对硅片产品进行常规清洗(各实施例、对比例中,切割工艺、清洗工艺均一致),采用实施例1、2中的切割液,耐磨性能好,冷却性能好,硅片的切割成品率为98.2%,硅片易清洗,相关实验结果如表1所示:
表1
在切割后仔细观察切割液底部,实施例1、2中的切割液底部有一层很薄的沉降物,这应该就是团聚结合并沉降下来的硅颗粒;而对比例1、2中的切割液底部没有这一现象。这充分说明了实施例1、2中通过SBR l006型胶粘剂的加入,起到了对细硅粉的干预作用,明显避免了细硅粉在没有团聚的前提下直接附着到硅片表面,而导致后续清洗困难,增加了硅片表面的粗糙度,影响使用性能。
Claims (7)
1.一种用于金刚砂线切割硅片的水性切割液,其特征在于:所述的水性切割液的组分包括极压剂、表面活性剂、消泡剂、酯类油性剂、丁苯橡胶乳液粘合剂、去离子水;其中,所述水性切割液按重量份数计算,包括以下各组分,
2.如权利要求1所述的水性切割液,其特征在于:所述的极压剂为硼酸酯类极压剂。
3.如权利要求1所述的水性切割液,其特征在于:所述的表面活性剂为脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚或烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚。
4.如权利要求1所述的水性切割液,其特征在于:所述的消泡剂为二甲基硅油。
5.如权利要求1所述的水性切割液,其特征在于:所述的酯类油性剂为已二酸二异壬酯、三羟甲基丙烷油酸酯或季戊四醇油酸酯。
6.如权利要求1所述的水性切割液,其特征在于:所述的丁苯橡胶乳液粘合剂为SBRl006型胶粘剂。
7.如权利要求1所述的水性切割液的制备方法,其特征在于:所述制备方法为,向去离子水中加入表面活性剂、消泡剂、丁苯橡胶乳液粘合剂、酯类油性剂、极压剂,搅拌均匀即得到水性切割液。
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CN103525532A (zh) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-01-22 | 山东昊达化学有限公司 | 一种金刚砂线切割液及其制备方法 |
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CN1257908A (zh) * | 1999-12-29 | 2000-06-28 | 上海宝钢集团公司 | 金属热加工用润滑剂 |
CN103184093A (zh) * | 2011-12-29 | 2013-07-03 | 辽宁奥克化学股份有限公司 | 一种用于金刚石线切割蓝宝石的切割液 |
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