CN113430037A - 一种铝基金刚石复合材料elid磨削专用磨削液 - Google Patents

一种铝基金刚石复合材料elid磨削专用磨削液 Download PDF

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CN113430037A
CN113430037A CN202110514183.9A CN202110514183A CN113430037A CN 113430037 A CN113430037 A CN 113430037A CN 202110514183 A CN202110514183 A CN 202110514183A CN 113430037 A CN113430037 A CN 113430037A
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percent
sodium
aluminum
grinding
grinding fluid
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关佳亮
潘艳杰
张振高
代子鹏
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Beijing University of Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开一种铝基金刚石复合材料精密加工ELID专用磨削液，该磨削液电解能力提高，有效电解铝基金刚石中铝基体及铁基砂轮。同时能在砂轮和金属表面上形成致密的氧化膜，防止机床、工件、刀具受到腐蚀。该磨削液加工铝基金刚石效率高、成本低，具有高去除率，加工工件表面质量好，加工精度高。同时该磨削液绿色无污染，对人体和环境无危害，满足工件精密超精密在线电解修整镜面加工需求，适用于铝基金刚石复合材料的精密加工。

Description

一种铝基金刚石复合材料ELID磨削专用磨削液
技术领域
本发明涉及一种适用于铝基金刚石复合材料精密超精密磨削领域的ELID磨削专用磨削液。
背景技术
铝基金刚石复合材料是最新研制出的第四代电子封装材料，相比第三代电子封装材料铝基碳化硅，材料的导热率提高，热膨胀系数降低，有效提升了电子器件的寿命及稳定性，但增强相和基体硬度的巨大悬殊，致使传统磨削加工砂轮容易被铝基磨屑堵塞造成表面烧伤，无法实现对铝基金刚石的精密加工。目前铝基金刚石复合材料的制备技术已醇熟，但尚未有学者涉猎该材料的精密加工工艺研究，极大限制了铝基金刚石复合材料的应用。CN201910391157.4公开了一种ELID磨削塑性材料专用磨削液及其制备方法，属于精密超精密磨削技术领域。由油性剂、乳化剂、防锈剂、缓蚀剂、消泡剂、稳定剂、杀菌剂、抗雾添加剂、自来水和电解添加剂按比例配制而成。本发明在具有传统磨削液冷却、润滑、防锈蚀等功能的同时，还具有优良的导电性能和电解成膜特性，能满足ELID磨削加工的要求。将应用于塑性材料ELID磨削加工中能够大幅减少磨屑粘结和砂轮堵塞现象，提高加工效率和加工精度。并且抗雾配方可以有效抑制高速磨削时油雾的产生现象，对环境友好，防止危害操作人员健康。
要实现铝基金刚石复合材料的精密加工，必须在加工工艺上解决软质铝基体对刀具的粘附作用及加工过程中出现的材料去除率低、产生积屑瘤、加工烧伤及缺陷较多的现象，ELID磨削可在线电解去除金属结合剂及粘附在砂轮表面的铝基体磨屑，使砂轮实现自锐，保持良好的切削、排屑及散热能力，避免材料的烧伤。而ELID磨削液的酸碱性、成分及配比、流速，直接影响着砂轮磨削表面氧化膜的生成速度、厚度、均匀性、致密性、粘附性及绝缘性等，直接影响磨削表面质量。本发明中磨削液具有较高的电解成膜能力，能够将粘附在砂轮表面的铝基磨屑和砂轮金属结合剂电解去除，同时在砂轮磨削表面生成致密的氧化膜，抑制砂轮结合剂过度电解。磨削液还具有较强的防锈性，能够防止机床、工件受到腐蚀。
发明内容
为了解决现有的磨削液在对铝基金刚石复合材料加工时，铝基体粘附砂轮堵塞严重，加工去除率低、加工后铝基金刚石表面质量差、烧伤严重无法实现精密加工。本发明中磨削液电解能力提高，有效电解铝基金刚石粘附在砂轮表面的铝基磨屑和砂轮中金属结合剂，同时能在砂轮和金属表面上形成致密的氧化膜，抑制砂轮结合剂过度电解，防止机床、工件受到腐蚀。该磨削液加工铝基金刚石效率高、成本低，具有去除率高，加工工件表面质量好，加工精度高的优点。同时该磨削液绿色无污染，对人体和环境无危害，满足工件精密超精密在线电解修锐加工需求，适用于铝基金刚石复合材料的精密加工。
铝基金刚石复合材料ELID专用磨削液，其特征在于：该专用磨削液包括机油、大豆油、石油磺酸钠、苯甲酸钠、苯甲酸单乙醇胺、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯、聚醚酯、二甲基硅油、二氧化钼、油酸铬、三乙醇胺、甲基苯三唑、苯并异噻唑啉酮、草酸、原硅酸钠、磷酸氢二钠、环烷酸盐、三甲苯磷酸酯、硫化脂肪酸酯、油酰胺、月桂酸、硝酸钠和水。
各组分质量百分含量为：1％～2％的机油、1.5％～2％的大豆油、0.2％～0.3％的石油磺酸钠、0.1％～0.2％的苯甲酸单乙醇胺、0.1％～0.2％苯甲酸钠、0.8％～1.5％聚醚酯、1.5％～2％的二甲基硅油、2％～3％的二硫化钼、5％～6％的脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯、0.2％～0.5％的油酸铬、0.2％～0.5％的三乙醇胺、0.5％～1％的苯并异噻唑啉酮、0.2％～0.5％的甲基苯三唑、2％～4％的草酸、0.2％～0.3％的甲基三甲氧基硅烷、0.2％～0.3％的原硅酸钠、0.2％～0.3％磷酸氢二钠、0.8％～0.9％的环烷酸盐、4％～5％的三甲苯磷酸酯、3％～6％的硫化脂肪酸酯0.7％～1％的油酰胺、1％～1.5％的月桂酸、0.2％～0.5％的硝酸钠、60％～70％的水。
所述的一种铝基金刚石复合材料精密加工ELID专用磨削液及其制备方法，其特征在于，具体步骤如下：
S1将石油磺酸钠、苯甲酸钠、苯甲酸单乙醇胺、聚醚酯、二硫化钼、二甲基硅油、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯、环烷酸盐、三甲苯磷酸酯、硫化脂肪酸酯、油酰胺、三乙醇胺、月桂酸，加入到总量为1/3的40～50℃水中，搅拌混合40～50min，制得混合物；
S2向步骤S1混合物中加入原硅酸钠、磷酸氢二钠、油酸铬、三乙醇胺、硝酸钠并搅拌25～30min；
S3再取总量为1/3的水，加热至70～80℃，加入机油和大豆油，搅拌混合20～25min；
S4将步骤S2获得的混合物和步骤S3所得到的混合物混合，在55～65℃搅拌混合40～50min；
S5将草酸加入到步骤S4获得的混合溶液中，加入剩余1/3水，并搅拌30～40min得到该磨削液。
本发明的优点是：
具有较强的电解成膜能力，能够电解修锐砂轮结合剂和电解去除附着在砂轮表面的铝基磨屑，同时在砂轮磨削表面生成氧化膜，抑制砂轮结合剂过度电解，对磨削表面起润滑作用；
磨削液可以改善砂轮的磨削性能，减少磨削损耗，提高磨削铝基金刚石等难加工材料加工效率；
磨削液无腐蚀性，无污染，且防锈、润滑、冷却效果好；具有较强稳定性，在空气中不易变质，对机床、磨具和工件有较强的清洁作用，提高工件磨削加工表面质量。
附图说明
图1为传统磨削液磨削效果图。
图2为铝基金刚石ELID磨削专用磨削液磨削效果图。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
按下列质量分数：2.5％的机油、2％的大豆油、0.3％的石油磺酸钠、0.1％的苯甲酸单乙醇胺、0.2％苯甲酸钠、1％聚醚酯、1.8％的二甲基硅油、2.5％的二硫化钼、5.5％的脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯、0.4％的油酸铬、0.3％的三乙醇胺、0.8％的苯并异噻唑啉酮、0.4％的甲基苯三唑、3％的草酸、0.3％的甲基三甲氧基硅烷、0.3％的原硅酸钠、0.3％磷酸氢二钠、0.8％的环烷酸盐、4.5％的三甲苯磷酸酯、5％的硫化脂肪酸酯0.8％的油酰胺、1.2％的月桂酸、1％的硝酸钠、65％的水配制而成。
专用磨削液的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
①将石油磺酸钠、苯甲酸钠、苯甲酸单乙醇胺、聚醚酯、二硫化钼、二甲基硅油、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯、环烷酸盐、三甲苯磷酸酯、硫化脂肪酸酯、油酰胺、三乙醇胺、月桂酸，加入到总量为1/3的45℃水中，搅拌混合45min，制得混合物；
②向步骤S1混合物中加入原硅酸钠、磷酸氢二钠、油酸铬、三乙醇胺、硝酸钠并搅拌30min；
③取总量为1/3的水，加热至75℃，加入机油和大豆油，搅拌混合25min；
④将步骤2获得的混合物和步骤S3所得到的混合物混合，在60℃搅拌混合45min；
⑤将草酸加入到步骤4获得的混合溶液中，加入水，并搅拌35min得到该磨削液。
实施例2：
按下列质量分数：2％的机油、1.5％的大豆油、0.2％的石油磺酸钠、0.1％的苯甲酸单乙醇胺、0.1％苯甲酸钠、0.8％聚醚酯、1.5％的二甲基硅油、2％的二硫化钼、5％的脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯、0.2％的油酸铬、0.2％的三乙醇胺、0.5％的苯并异噻唑啉酮、0.2％的甲基苯三唑、2％的草酸、0.2％的甲基三甲氧基硅烷、0.2％的原硅酸钠、0.2％磷酸氢二钠、0.8％的环烷酸盐、4％的三甲苯磷酸酯、3％的硫化脂肪酸酯0.7％的油酰胺、1％的月桂酸、0.8％的硝酸钠、60％的水配制而成。
专用磨削液的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
①将石油磺酸钠、苯甲酸钠、苯甲酸单乙醇胺、聚醚酯、二硫化钼、二甲基硅油、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯、环烷酸盐、三甲苯磷酸酯、硫化脂肪酸酯、油酰胺、三乙醇胺、月桂酸，加入到总量为1/2的40℃水中，搅拌混合40min，制得混合物；
②向步骤1混合物中加入原硅酸钠、磷酸氢二钠、油酸铬、三乙醇胺、硝酸钠并搅拌25min；
③取总量为1/2的水，加热至70℃，加入机油和大豆油，搅拌混合20min；
④将步骤2获得的混合物和步骤S3所得到的混合物混合，在55℃搅拌混合40min；
⑤将草酸加入到步骤4获得的混合溶液中，并搅拌30min得到该磨削液。
图1为传统磨削液磨削效果图。
图2为铝基金刚石ELID磨削专用磨削液磨削效果图。
以上所述仅是本发明的几种优选实施方式，应当指出：对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进，这些改进也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (2)

1.一种铝基金刚石复合材料精密加工ELID专用磨削液，其特征在于：
该专用磨削液包括机油、大豆油、石油磺酸钠、苯甲酸钠、苯甲酸单乙醇胺、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯、聚醚酯、二甲基硅油、二氧化钼、油酸铬、三乙醇胺、甲基苯三唑、苯并异噻唑啉酮、草酸、原硅酸钠、磷酸氢二钠、环烷酸盐、三甲苯磷酸酯、硫化脂肪酸酯、油酰胺、月桂酸、硝酸钠和水；
各组分质量百分含量为：2％～3％的机油、1.5％～2％的大豆油、0.2％～0.3％的石油磺酸钠、0.1％～0.2％的苯甲酸单乙醇胺、0.1％～0.2％苯甲酸钠、0.8％～1.5％聚醚酯、1.5％～2％的二甲基硅油、2％～3％的二硫化钼、5％～6％的脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯、0.2％～0.5％的油酸铬、0.2％～0.5％的三乙醇胺、0.5％～1％的苯并异噻唑啉酮、0.2％～0.5％的甲基苯三唑、2％～4％的草酸、0.2％～0.3％的甲基三甲氧基硅烷、0.2％～0.3％的原硅酸钠、0.2％～0.3％磷酸氢二钠、0.8％～0.9％的环烷酸盐、4％～5％的三甲苯磷酸酯、3％～6％的硫化脂肪酸酯0.7％～1％的油酰胺、1％～1.5％的月桂酸、0.8％～1％的硝酸钠、60％～70％的水。
2.一种铝基金刚石复合材料精密加工ELID专用磨削液及其制备方法，其特征在于，具体步骤如下：
S1将石油磺酸钠、苯甲酸钠、苯甲酸单乙醇胺、聚醚酯、二硫化钼、二甲基硅油、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯、环烷酸盐、三甲苯磷酸酯、硫化脂肪酸酯、油酰胺、三乙醇胺、月桂酸，加入到总量为1/3的40～50℃水中，搅拌混合40～50min，制得混合物；
S2向步骤S1混合物中加入原硅酸钠、磷酸氢二钠、油酸铬、三乙醇胺、硝酸钠并搅拌25～30min；
S3再取总量为1/3的水，加热至70～80℃，加入机油和大豆油，搅拌混合20～25min；
S4将步骤S2获得的混合物和步骤S3所得到的混合物混合，在55～65℃搅拌混合40～50min；
S5将草酸加入到步骤S4获得的混合溶液中，加入水，并搅拌30～40min得到该磨削液。
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