CN105710367A

CN105710367A - Roller plasma 3D printing equipment and method

Info

Publication number: CN105710367A
Application number: CN201610120757.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 华云峰; 程国君; 郝勇; 魏志宇
Original assignee: Sinoadditive Manufacturing Equipment Co Ltd
Current assignee: Sinoadditive Manufacturing Equipment Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-03-03
Filing date: 2016-03-03
Publication date: 2016-06-29

Abstract

The invention discloses roller plasma 3D printing equipment and method. The equipment is composed of a monitoring system, a plasma beam machining system and a horizontal printing table; the plasma beam machining system is composed of a plasma generator, a printing position adjusting device, an air supply device and a powder feeder; the printing position adjusting device comprises a horizontal movement device and a printing distance adjusting device; and the monitoring system comprises a horizontal movement controller, a temperature detecting unit, a distance detecting unit, a printing distance adjusting controller and a rotation controller, and a temperature adjusting and control device is composed of the temperature detecting unit and the printing distance adjusting controller. The method includes the steps that (1) a three-dimensional model is obtained, and hierarchy slicing treatment is carried out; (2) filling of a scanning path is carried out; (3) a printing path is obtained; and (4) layer-by-layer printing is carried out from inside to outside. The roller plasma 3D printing equipment is reasonable in design, easy and convenient to operate, high in molding efficiency and good in using effect; the molding process is directly carried out under the atmospheric environment; and molded rollers are good in quality.

Description

A kind of roll plasma 3D printing device and method

Technical field

The invention belongs to rapid shaping technique field, especially relate to a kind of roll plasma 3D printing device and method.

Background technology

Roll is the strength member on steel rolling mill's rolling mill, utilizes a pair or the pressure that produces when one group of roll rolls is to roll stone roller steel.It is primarily subjected to Dynamic And Static Loads when rolling, the impact of abrasion and variations in temperature.Roll mainly includes core (also referred to as roller core, including roll shaft and roll neck) and is coaxially laid in the body of roll outer layer (also referred to as outer layer or working lining) outside core.Body of roll outer layer and the core unlike material of composite roll make, it is metallurgical binding between two kinds of materials, body of roll outer layer is working lining and its outer surface is roll surface, and roll can meet the milling train requirement to performances such as body of roll wearability, thermal fatigue resistances, in turn ensure that the obdurability of core and roll neck simultaneously.The specific requirement that the body of roll outer layer of composite roll and core material are mainly used for performance according to roll place frame is selected.The body of roll cladding material of conventional composite roll has chilled cast iron, unbounded chilled cast iron, spheroidal graphite cast-iron, rich chromium cast iron, steel alloy, half steel, high chrome, high-speed steel, hard alloy etc.；Core common used material is casting pig, spheroidal graphite cast-iron, cast steel, forged steel.

At present, what manufacture roll (especially composite roll) mainly employing both at home and abroad is centre spinning method.Publication number as disclosed in 31 days March in 1993 is a kind of disclosed in the patent of invention " composite roll of outer material of roll and centrifugal casting " of CN1070433A adopt plain cast iron or forging irony to be centrifuged, as shaft core, the method that casting manufactures composite roll, publication number disclosed in 1 day August in 2012 is the centre spinning method of a kind of compound high-sulfur spheroidal graphite roll disclosed in the patent of invention " high-sulfur alloy centrifugal composite nodular cast iron roll and manufacture method thereof " of CN102615107A, and on January 13rd, 2010, publication number was a kind of disclosed in the patent of invention " preparation method of a kind of boracic low-alloy high-speed steel rolls " of CN101623751A adopt the spheroidal graphite cast-iron to be centrifuged, as roller core, the method that casting manufactures boracic low-alloy high-speed steel rolls.But the method for roll is prepared in currently used centrifugal casting, it is primarily present following three aspect problems:

When the first, adopting centre spinning method to manufacture roll, it is necessary first to carry out smelting molten steel, in smelting process, the peeling of ladle lining and deoxidation of molten steel are all likely to molten steel is polluted with the problem such as insufficient skimmed, and cause that roller performance reduces or scraps；

The second, in centrifugal casting process, unit's procatarxis proportion difference easily causes segregation, causes that roller performance reduces；

3rd, the roll casting of centrifugal casting needs to carry out heat treatment, complex process after completing, and existing heat treating regime easily causes, and roll produces micro-crack, cracking is even scrapped.

At present, domestic and international metal parts rapid shaping technique is mainly precinct laser fusion rapid molding technology (Selectivelasermelting, SLM).The basic functional principle of precinct laser fusion rapid molding equipment is: first utilize Pro/e on computers, UG, the 3D sculpting softwares such as CATIA design the three-dimensional entity model (i.e. three-dimensional stereo model) of part, then pass through Slice Software and this threedimensional model is carried out hierarchy slicing, obtain the outline data in each cross section, generated by outline data and fill scanning pattern, tile certain thickness powder in working cylinder, control according to computer, laser beam optionally melts fore-put powder layer by the mode of vibration mirror scanning according to the slicing treatment result of three-dimensional parts figure；Subsequently, working cylinder decline certain distance also spreads powder again, and laser beam completes the manufacture of next layer of parts under the drive of galvanometer again according to the 3-D graphic of parts；So repeat degradation operation under paving powder, scanning and working cylinder, thus realizing the manufacture of three-dimensional parts.Nowadays, precinct laser fusion rapid molding technology is primarily present following three aspect problems: the first, precinct laser fusion rapid molding technology needs protective atmosphere or vacuum environment, to avoid the oxidation of metal parts in forming process.This makes precinct laser fusion rapid molding device structure complicated, and forming part size is restricted, and energy source Optical Maser System price is high, and former is expensive；The second, precinct laser fusion rapid molding technology needs the moulding cylinder system of paving powder.This makes precinct laser fusion rapid molding device structure complicated, and not only forming part size is restricted, and shaping efficiency is relatively low；3rd, in order to ensure part mechanical property, precinct laser fusion rapid molding technology needs the globular metallic powder of good fluidity.This makes precinct laser fusion rapid molding equipment operating cost significantly high.

It addition, metal parts rapid shaping technique also has electron beam rapid shaping technique.But at present, Selected area electron bundle rapid shaping technique is primarily present following three aspect problems: the first, electron beam rapid shaping technique needs vacuum environment, to form energy source electron beam and to avoid the oxidation of metal parts in forming process.This makes electron beam rapid forming equipment structure complicated, and forming part size is restricted, and former is expensive；The second, electron beam rapid shaping technique needs paving powder system or moulding material feed system.This makes electron beam rapid forming equipment structure complicated, and not only forming part size is restricted, and shaping efficiency is relatively low；3rd, in order to ensure part mechanical property, electron beam rapid shaping technique needs the globular metallic powder of good fluidity.This makes precinct laser fusion rapid molding equipment operating cost significantly high.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved is in that for above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, a kind of roll plasma 3D printing device is provided, its simple in construction, reasonable in design and use easy and simple to handle, shaping efficiency is high, result of use good, without airtight forming room, forming process directly carries out under atmospheric environment, and institute's molding roller quality is good.

For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of roll plasma 3D printing device, it is characterized in that: be made up of monitoring system, plasma beam system of processing and the horizontal stamp pad placed for roll to be formed, described roll to be formed includes roller core and is laid in the body of roll outer layer in outside in the middle part of roller core, and body of roll outer layer is laid in coaxial with roller core；Described horizontal stamp pad includes horizontal support mechanism and the horizontal rotary mechanism being fixedly mounted in horizontal support mechanism and driving roller core to rotate around its center axis, described horizontal rotary mechanism is positioned at above horizontal support mechanism, described roller core be level lay and its be installed on horizontal rotary mechanism；

Described plasma beam system of processing is by being provided with shower nozzle and for producing the plasma generator of beam-plasma, the print position adjusting apparatus that the position of described plasma generator is adjusted, providing the feeder of working gas for described plasma generator and for forming to the powder feeder sending into printed material in described plasma generator continuously, and described plasma generator is positioned at above horizontal rotary mechanism；Described feeder is connected with the air inlet opened on described plasma generator by air supply pipe；The powder flow paths of described powder circulation it is provided in described plasma generator, described powder flow paths with communicate inside the arc chamber in described plasma generator and it connects with described air inlet, the external port of described powder flow paths is powder inlet, and the powder feeding mouth of described powder feeder is connected with powder inlet by powder feeding pipe；Horizontally moving device that described print position adjusting apparatus includes driving described plasma generator to move in the horizontal plane and the printing distance adjusting means that the distance between driving described plasma generator and described horizontally moving device synchronizing moving and tackling outlet and the roller core of described shower nozzle mutually is adjusted, described plasma generator is arranged on described horizontally moving device, and described horizontally moving device is arranged in described printing distance adjusting means；

Described monitoring system includes moving horizontally controller to what described horizontally moving device was controlled, the hull-skin temperature of body of roll outer layer is carried out the real-time temperature detecting unit detected, distance between outlet and the roller core of described shower nozzle is carried out the distance detection unit of detection in real time, the printing distance regulable control device that described printing distance adjusting means is controlled, the rotation angle detecting unit that the anglec of rotation of roller core is carried out detection in real time and the Rotation Controllers that horizontal rotary mechanism is controlled, the described controller that moves horizontally is connected with described horizontally moving device, the described distance regulable control device that prints is connected with described printing distance adjusting means, described temperature detecting unit and distance detection unit are all connected apart from regulable control device with printing；Described temperature detecting unit forms temperature control device with printing distance regulable control device；Described rotation angle detecting unit is connected with Rotation Controllers.

Above-mentioned a kind of roll plasma 3D printing device, it is characterized in that: detection of gas flow rate unit that plasma generator controller that described monitoring system also includes described plasma generator is controlled, gas flow to air supply pipe carry out detection in real time and the gas flow controller that the flow control valve installed on air supply pipe is controlled, described plasma generator controller is connected with described plasma generator, and described detection of gas flow rate unit is connected with gas flow controller.

Above-mentioned a kind of roll plasma 3D printing device, is characterized in that: described plasma generator includes plasma gun, described shower nozzle is the anode nozzle of plasma gun front end；Described plasma gun includes having the gun body of described air inlet, being positioned at the anode nozzle of gun body dead ahead and be plugged in the negative electrode of gun body, described anode nozzle is positioned on front side of negative electrode, described arc chamber is positioned on front side of negative electrode and it is positioned at the posterior medial of anode nozzle, and the front inner of described anode nozzle is spout.

Above-mentioned a kind of roll plasma 3D printing device, is characterized in that: described anode nozzle, negative electrode and arc chamber are all laid in coaxial with gun body；Described powder flow paths and the inclined laying of gun body and its front end stretch in spout, described powder flow paths be straight channel and it include the back side walkway being laid in gun body and the front side channel being laid in anode nozzle；Described air inlet is positioned on rear side of gun body, and described spout is laid with gun body in coaxial or laid in coaxial with powder flow paths.

Above-mentioned a kind of roll plasma 3D printing device, is characterized in that: the angle between central axis and the vertical plane of the beam-plasma that described plasma generator produces is not more than 45 °；Described printing distance adjusting means is the adjusting apparatus up and down described shower nozzle adjusted up and down along the central axis of described beam-plasma, and described distance detection unit is to the distance detection device carrying out detection in real time along the central axis of described beam-plasma from the distance exporting between roller core of described shower nozzle.

Above-mentioned a kind of roll plasma 3D printing device, it is characterized in that: described horizontal rotary mechanism includes two, the left and right rotary support seat being all fixedly mounted in horizontal support mechanism and the rotary drive mechanism driving roller core to rotate, and the two ends of described roller core are separately mounted on two described rotary support seats and are attached each through bearing between its two ends and two described rotary support seats；Described rotary drive mechanism is that electronic rotation driving mechanism and itself and roller core are in transmission connection, and described rotary drive mechanism is controlled by Rotation Controllers and it is connected with horizontal rotary mechanism；

Described horizontal support mechanism is the mobile platform that fixed supporting construction maybe can move up and down.

Above-mentioned a kind of roll plasma 3D printing device, is characterized in that: described powder feeder includes the shell that top has charging aperture and the powder feeding wheel being arranged in described shell, and described powder feeding wheel is driven by drive motor；Described powder feeding mouth is positioned at described outer casing underpart；

Described monitoring system also includes the powder mass flow detection unit that the powder feeding flow of powder feeding pipe carries out detection in real time and the powder feeding flow controller that drive motor is controlled, and described powder mass flow detection unit is connected with powder feeding flow controller.

Meanwhile, invention additionally discloses the roll plasma 3D Method of printing that a kind of method step is simple, reasonable in design and realization is convenient, result of use is good, it is characterised in that: the method comprises the following steps:

Step one, three-dimensional stereo model obtain and hierarchy slicing processes: adopt data handling equipment and call the three-dimensional stereo model that image processing module obtains the body of roll outer layer of roll to be formed, recall the hierarchy slicing module three-dimensional stereo model to body of roll outer layer and carry out hierarchy slicing, and obtain multiple layering cross-sectional image；

Multiple described layering cross-sectional images are the image obtaining multiple layering cross section after the three-dimensional stereo model to body of roll outer layer carries out hierarchy slicing, and multiple described layering cross sections are uniformly laid from the inside to the outside；

Step 2, scanning pattern are filled: adopt data handling equipment and call described image processing module, described layering cross-sectional images multiple in step one are respectively processed, and complete the scanning pattern filling process in multiple described layering cross section, it is thus achieved that the scanning pattern in multiple described layering cross sections；

Step 3, printing path obtain: the described data handling equipment scanning pattern according to the multiple described layering cross section obtained in step 2, it is thus achieved that the printing path in multiple described layering cross sections；The printing path in each described layering cross section is all identical with the scanning pattern in this layering cross section；

Step 4, from the inside to the outside successively printing: first the roller core of the roll to be formed of machine-shaping in advance is installed on horizontal rotary mechanism, printing path further according to the multiple described layering cross section obtained in step 3, body of roll outer layer is successively printed by roller core from the inside to the outside, it is thus achieved that the body of roll outer layer stacking from the inside to the outside by multiple shape layers；The quantity of described shape layer is identical with the quantity being layered cross section described in step one, the installation position of multiple described shape layers is all identical with the installation position one_to_one corresponding in multiple described layering cross sections and its thickness respectively, distance between the thickness of described shape layer with adjacent two described layering cross sections is identical, the printing path of the printing path in multiple described layering cross sections respectively multiple described shape layers in step 3；When body of roll outer layer is printed, process is as follows:

Step 401, bottom print: the printing path according to current institute printing shaping layer acquired in step 3, controlling horizontal rotary mechanism by Rotation Controllers drives roller core to rotate around its center axis, and in roller core rotary course, described in move horizontally controller and described horizontally moving device be controlled and drive described plasma generator to move in the horizontal plane；In described plasma generator moving process, the interior plasma beam with molten melt drop is sprayed onto on the outer surface of roller core by described plasma beam system of processing continuously；After roller core rotates a circle and described the sprayed molten melt drop of plasma beam system of processing all solidifies, complete the print procedure of current institute printing shaping layer；

In this step, current institute printing shaping layer is the shape layer being positioned at inner side in multiple described shape layer；

Step 402, next layer print, and comprise the following steps:

Step 4021, plasma generator move: control described printing distance adjusting means by printing distance regulable control device, drive described plasma generator in the vertical direction once to move up and move up highly identical with the thickness of described shape layer；

After moving into place, the height of described plasma generator being recorded, now the height of described plasma generator is the basis printing height of current institute printing shaping layer；

Step 4022, printing and synchronization temperature control: the printing path according to current institute printing shaping layer acquired in step 3, controlling horizontal rotary mechanism by Rotation Controllers drives roller core to rotate around its center axis, and in roller core rotary course, described in move horizontally controller and described horizontally moving device be controlled and drive described plasma generator to move in the horizontal plane；In described plasma generator moving process, the interior plasma beam with molten melt drop is sprayed onto on the outer surface of a current printed upper described shape layer by described plasma beam system of processing continuously；After roller core rotates a circle and described the sprayed molten melt drop of plasma beam system of processing all solidifies, complete the print procedure of current institute printing shaping layer；

In this step, in described plasma generator moving process, carry out detecting in real time and by detected temperature information synchronous driving to printing apart from regulable control device to the hull-skin temperature of a current printed upper described shape layer by temperature detecting unit, detect the distance between unit outlet and roller core to described shower nozzle by distance simultaneously and carry out detection in real time the range information synchronous driving extremely printing distance regulable control device that will detect；Described print temperature information that distance regulable control device detects according to temperature detecting unit and be adjusted by controlling the distance between described printing distance adjusting means outlet and roller core to described shower nozzle, making 0.6 times of the hull-skin temperature of the currently printed upper described shape layer material fusing point not higher than body of roll outer layer；

When described in step 401 and step 4022, plasma generator moves in the horizontal plane, described plasma generator all moves along the central axis of roller core；In plasma generator moving process described in step 401 and step 4022, described printed material is delivered in described plasma generator by described powder feeder continuously, and the printed material sent in described plasma generator is sent in described plasma generator in the beam-plasma of generation and is molten into molten melt drop under the effect of described working gas, described molten melt drop is uniformly distributed in described beam-plasma, and forms the interior plasma beam with molten melt drop；Described printed material is dusty material；

Step 4023, plasma generator move reset: control described printing distance adjusting means by printing distance regulable control device, described plasma generator in the vertical direction is driven to move up and down, until being that in step 4021, the basis of current institute printing shaping layer prints height by the height adjustment of described plasma generator；

Step 403, repeatedly repetition step 402, until completing the print procedure of all shape layers of body of roll outer layer.

Above-mentioned treat the method that molding roller carries out plasma 3D printing, it is characterized in that: before step 4 successively prints from the inside to the outside, data handling equipment described in step one is first according to the material fusing point pre-build and printing range data storehouse, and combine the Material Name of body of roll outer layer pre-entered by parameter input unit, the basis of body of roll outer layer is printed distance and is determined；Described parameter input unit connects with described data handling equipment；

In described material fusing point and printing range data storehouse, storage has the material fusing point of various material and prints range information, and the material fusing point of every kind of described material and printing range information all include the title of this kind of material, fusing point and basis printing distance D；It is 5mm～1000mm that described basis prints distance D, and material fusing point is more high, and it is more near that basis prints distance D；

Step 401 carries out before bottom printing, distance between outlet and the roller core of described shower nozzle according to the range information detected apart from detection unit and is adjusted to D+r by controlling described printing distance adjusting means by the described distance regulable control device that prints, wherein r is the radius of roller core, the distance between the outlet that distance is described shower nozzle and the central axis of roller core between outlet and the roller core of described shower nozzle；In step 401 in bottom print procedure, the distance between outlet and the roller core of described shower nozzle is D+r；

Before step 4022 carrying out print and synchronize temperature control, the described distance regulable control device that prints according to the range information detected apart from detection unit and combines the number of plies N currently having printed described shape layer, and by controlling described printing distance adjusting means, the distance between outlet and the roller core of described shower nozzle is adjusted to D+r+N × d, wherein d is the thickness of described shape layer；When distance between the outlet of described shower nozzle and roller core is adjusted by step 4022, described print temperature information that distance regulable control device detects according to temperature detecting unit and the distance that combines between range information that distance detection unit detects outlet and the roller core to described shower nozzle is adjusted, make the hull-skin temperature of a current printed upper described shape layer control between 0.1 times～0.6 times of the material fusing point at body of roll outer layer；Further, when the distance between outlet and the body of roll outer layer of described shower nozzle is adjusted, the amplitude of accommodation is 5mm～60mm, and material fusing point is more high, and the amplitude of accommodation is more little.

Above-mentioned treat the method that molding roller carries out plasma 3D printing, it is characterized in that: described powder feeder includes the shell that top has charging aperture and the powder feeding wheel being arranged in described shell, and described powder feeding wheel is driven by drive motor；Described powder feeding mouth is positioned at described outer casing underpart；Plasma generator controller that described monitoring system also includes described plasma generator is controlled, gas flow to air supply pipe carry out the detection of gas flow rate unit of detection in real time, the gas flow controller that the flow control valve that air supply pipe is installed is controlled, powder mass flow detection unit that powder feeding flow to powder feeding pipe carries out detection in real time and the powder feeding flow controller that drive motor is controlled, described plasma generator controller is connected with described plasma generator, and described detection of gas flow rate unit is connected with gas flow controller；Described powder mass flow detection unit is connected with powder feeding flow controller；Described distance detection unit is connected with gas flow controller；

Before step 4 successively prints from the inside to the outside, data handling equipment described in step one is first according to the gas pre-build and powder mass flow data base, and in conjunction with the thickness of described shape layer set in advance, the base gas flow of air supply pipe and the powder feeding flow of powder feeding pipe are determined；

Described gas and powder mass flow databases contain the powder feeding flow needed for the shape layer of multiple different thickness and base gas flow；Described base gas flow is 50ml/min～15000ml/min, and the powder feeding flow of powder feeding pipe is more big, and described base gas flow is more big；

In plasma generator moving process described in step 401 and step 4022, the powder feeding flow of powder feeding pipe is carried out detection in real time and detected synchronizing information is sent to powder feeding flow controller by described powder mass flow detection unit, drive motor is controlled by described powder feeding flow controller according to powder feeding flow the detected information of combining powder flow detection unit of predetermined powder feeding pipe, and the powder feeding flow making powder feeding pipe is all identical with predetermined powder feeding flow；

Carrying out in step 401 before bottom printing, the gas flow of air supply pipe is adjusted to described base gas flow according to the detected information of detection of gas flow rate unit and by controlling flow control valve by described gas flow controller；In step 401 in bottom print procedure, the gas flow of described air supply pipe is described base gas flow；

Step 4022 carries out print and synchronize in temperature control process, described gas flow controller is according to the detected information of detection of gas flow rate unit and combines apart from detection unit institute detecting distance information, and by controlling flow control valve, the gas flow of air supply pipe carries out increase and decrease adjustment；Further, the distance between outlet and the roller core of described shower nozzle is more big, and the gas flow of described air supply pipe is more big.

The present invention compared with prior art has the advantage that

1, the roll plasma 3D printing device simple in construction that adopts, that reasonable in design and input cost is relatively low, processing and fabricating and installing is laid is convenient.

2, the roll plasma 3D printing device adopted is without airtight forming room, and does not need protective atmosphere or vacuum environment, and Workpiece shaping process directly carries out under atmospheric environment.Thus, structure is very simple, and forming part size is unrestricted, and equipment price is relatively low.

3, the printed material of roll plasma 3D printing device supplies in energy source beam-plasma (the drop plasma beam of material), it is not necessary to the moulding cylinder system of paving powder need not spread powder system, it is only necessary to a powder feeder, structure significantly simplifies.

4, the roll plasma 3D printing device adopted uses easy and simple to handle, intelligence degree and shaping efficiency is high, result of use is good, and institute's molding roller quality is good.What the monitoring system adopted included horizontally moving device is controlled moves horizontally controller, body of roll outer layer hull-skin temperature is carried out the temperature detecting unit of detection in real time, distance between outlet and the roller core of shower nozzle is carried out the distance detection unit of detection in real time, to printing the printing distance regulable control device that distance adjusting means is controlled, the rotation angle detecting unit that the anglec of rotation of roller core is carried out detection in real time and the Rotation Controllers that horizontal rotary mechanism is controlled, print distance regulable control device to be connected with printing distance adjusting means, temperature detecting unit and distance detection unit are all connected apart from regulable control device with printing；Temperature detecting unit forms temperature control device with printing distance regulable control device, and rotation angle detecting unit is connected with Rotation Controllers.

In actually used process, printing distance regulable control device in temperature control device is controlled printing distance adjusting means according to the detected information of temperature detecting unit, make to print distance energy Automatic adjusument, so can prevent because printing the problem that hypotelorism causes the shape layer printed to occur fusing again, and the formed precision caused because of printing hypertelorism also can be prevented relatively low, there is the problems such as solidification before a printable layer outer surface in molten melt drop on being sprayed onto, make forming process easily controllable, and realize conveniently, can effectively prevent the surface of roll barrel outer layer from aoxidizing simultaneously, because of without arranging airtight vacuum environment.It addition, the monitoring system adopted also includes gas flow Automatic adjusument and powder mass flow Automatic adjusument function, intelligence degree is high.

5, the energy source that roll plasma 3D printing device adopts is beam-plasma, and beam-plasma power is up to tens of kilowatt, energy molten ceramic material, it is achieved the plasma casting rapid shaping of metal, ceramic metal and ceramic part.Producing plasma generator (specifically plasma gun) simple in construction of beam-plasma, operation expense is low, and plasma casting rapid forming equipment cost is low.

6, the drop of roll plasma 3D printing device institute printed material is in plasma beam; beam-plasma itself has protective effect; add the effect of working gas; can effectively prevent the oxidation of printed material; this equipment does not need protective atmosphere or vacuum environment; directly use under atmospheric environment, there is the advantages such as device structure is simple, operating cost is low, forming part size is unrestricted.

7, roll plasma 3D printing device adopts direct current generator drive powder wheel to rotate and deliver in beam-plasma by working gas auxiliary by powder, can use a powder or prilling powder, it is not necessary to spherical powder.This equipment printed material cost is low.

8, when roll plasma 3D printing device prints, materials behavior is become solid-state by settable liquid, and technical process simplifies, and reduces the 3D technology difficulty printed and cost.Simultaneously, under the effect of working gas (beam-plasma includes unionized working gas), powder enters in beam-plasma, and accelerate in described beam-plasma, heat and be fused into molten condition and form small drop, this drop sprays in the lump with beam-plasma, forms the interior plasma beam with molten melt drop；After the molten melt drop that powder is formed after fusing sprays with beam-plasma, formed by the microstream of the molten melt drop being evenly distributed with printed material, form casting type molding, the rounded constrictions phenomenon produced when avoiding molten drop cooled and solidified molding, part mechanical property is high, smooth surface, reduces the technology difficulty of rapid shaping.

9, the roll plasma 3D Method of printing step adopted is simple, reasonable in design and realization is convenient, result of use is good, improved by plasma gun structure and powder is sent directly in beam-plasma and makes powder smelting, the drop plasma beam of formation institute printed material.Beam-plasma has protective effect, it is not necessary to protective atmosphere or vacuum environment, directly prints under atmospheric environment.Further, printed material supplies in energy source beam-plasma (the drop plasma beam of material), it is not necessary to the moulding cylinder system of paving powder.It addition, adopt direct current generator drive powder wheel to rotate and deliver in beam-plasma by working gas auxiliary by powder, a powder or prilling powder can be used, it is not necessary to spherical powder.During printing, materials behavior is become solid-state by settable liquid, and technical process simplifies, and reduces the 3D technology difficulty printed and cost, and it is no longer size-limited to print part.As shown in the above, traditional plasma surfacing method is substantially improved by the present invention, the generally individually plasma arc voltage Height-adjusting device that is provided with of existing plasma surfacing method, and the distance of plasma gun and surface of the work is not more than 15mm, and the scope of application is limited.And in the present invention, print distance can on a large scale in be adjusted, adapting to unlike material prints demand, and can be effectively ensured workpiece (i.e. roll barrel outer layer) Forming Quality, is particularly suited for the manufacture of composite roll.

Adopt the Method of printing of roll plasma 3D printing device of the present invention and correspondence, can efficient solution determine the problems referred to above that precinct laser fusion rapid molding technology and electron beam rapid shaping technique exist, and provide a kind of brand-new manufacture method for roll, can effectively solve existing centrifugal casting and prepare the various problems that the method for roll exists, once machine-shaping body of roll outer layer on the roller core of machine-shaping in advance, has that shaping efficiency height, Forming Quality be good, roller core and an advantage such as the outer interlayer bonding strength molding roller quality high, machined of the body of roll is good.

10, the rolling body material of roll melts formation drop in beam-plasma, and beam-plasma has protection and purification effect, it is to avoid centrifugal casting rolling body material is smelted and pollution in casting cycle, and roller performance is stable；Further, in rolling body material layering print procedure, droplet solidification speed is fast, and rolling body material crystal grain is tiny, and without causing element segregation, the performance of institute's molding roller is good；When adopting the present invention to print roll, in next layer of rolling body material print procedure, last layer printed material can be carried out synchronizing heat treatment by plasma beam, and body of roll thermal stress is little, does not have micro-crack or cracking, and yield rate can reach absolutely；When adopting the present invention to print roll, technical process is simple, and technological process is short, and equipment cost is low, compared with centre spinning method, reduces technology difficulty and cost.And, roll plasma 3D printing device disclosed in this invention can directly use under atmospheric environment, roll material can be fused into liquid stream during molding, realize continuous micro-casting rapid shaping, technical process simplifies, reduce technology difficulty and cost that conventional composite roll manufactures, improve the performance of composite roll.

Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme is described in further detail.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of roll plasma 3D printing device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of plasma gun in the embodiment of the present invention 1.

Fig. 3 is the schematic block circuit diagram that the present invention monitors system.

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of air inlet ring of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of air inlet ring body of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the FB(flow block) of roll plasma 3D Method of printing of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of plasma gun in the embodiment of the present invention 2.

Description of reference numerals:

1 feeder；2 powder feeders；3-1 roller core；

3-2 body of roll outer layer；4 horizontal rotary mechanisms；5 air supply pipes；

6 powder feeding pipe；7 plasma generator controllers；

8 distance detection unit；9 temperature detecting units；

10 print distance regulable control device；11 detection of gas flow rate unit；

12 gas flow controllers；13 plasma guns；13-1 gun body；

13-2 anode nozzle；13-3 negative electrode；13-4 arc chamber；

13-5 spout；13-6 insulating barrier；14 powder flow paths；

15 Rotation Controllers；16 horizontal support mechanisms；About 17 adjusting apparatus；

18 powder mass flow detection unit；19 drive motors；20 powder feeding flow controllers；

21 air inlet rings；21-1 air inlet ring body；21-2 annular sealing cover；

21-3 annular air inlet duct；Air inlet outside 21-4；Air inlet inside 21-5；

22 powder inlets；23 PCs；24 move horizontally controller；

24-1 X-axis travel mechanism；24-2 Y-axis moving mechanism；

25 flow control valves；26 rotation angle detecting units.

Detailed description of the invention

Embodiment 1

A kind of roll plasma 3D printing device as shown in Figure 1, it is made up of monitoring system, plasma beam system of processing and the horizontal stamp pad placed for roll to be formed, described roll to be formed includes roller core 3-1 and is laid in the body of roll outer layer 3-2, body of roll outer layer 3-2 and roller core 3-1 outside in the middle part of roller core 3-1 in coaxial laying.Described horizontal stamp pad includes horizontal support mechanism 16 and is fixedly mounted in horizontal support mechanism 16 and drives the roller core 3-1 horizontal rotary mechanism 4 rotated around its center axis, described horizontal rotary mechanism 4 is positioned at above horizontal support mechanism 16, described roller core 3-1 be level lay and its be installed on horizontal rotary mechanism 4.

Described plasma beam system of processing is by being provided with shower nozzle and for producing the plasma generator of beam-plasma, the print position adjusting apparatus that the position of described plasma generator is adjusted, providing the feeder 1 of working gas for described plasma generator and for forming to the powder feeder 2 sending into printed material in described plasma generator continuously, and described plasma generator is positioned at above horizontal rotary mechanism 4.Described feeder 1 is connected with the air inlet opened on described plasma generator by air supply pipe 5.In conjunction with Fig. 2, the powder flow paths 14 of described powder circulation it is provided in described plasma generator, described powder flow paths 14 with communicate inside the arc chamber 13-4 in described plasma generator and it connects with described air inlet, the external port of described powder flow paths is powder inlet 22, and the powder feeding mouth of described powder feeder 2 is connected with powder inlet 22 by powder feeding pipe 6；Horizontally moving device that described print position adjusting apparatus includes driving described plasma generator to move in the horizontal plane and drive described plasma generator and described horizontally moving device synchronizing moving and tackle the printing distance adjusting means that the distance between the outlet of described shower nozzle and roller core 3-1 is adjusted mutually, described plasma generator is arranged on described horizontally moving device, and described horizontally moving device is arranged in described printing distance adjusting means.Described printed material is dusty material (i.e. powder), and, described printed material is the rolling body material of roll to be formed, i.e. material used by body of roll outer layer 3-2.Described plasma beam system of processing is the system of processing processing body of roll outer layer 3-2 on roller core 3-1.

As shown in Figure 3, what described monitoring system included described horizontally moving device is controlled moves horizontally controller 24, the hull-skin temperature of body of roll outer layer 3-2 is carried out the real-time temperature detecting unit 9 detected, distance between outlet and the roller core 3-1 of described shower nozzle is carried out the distance detection unit 8 of detection in real time, the printing distance regulable control device 10 that described printing distance adjusting means is controlled, the rotation angle detecting unit 26 that the anglec of rotation of roller core 3-1 is carried out detection in real time and the Rotation Controllers 15 that horizontal rotary mechanism 4 is controlled, the described controller 24 that moves horizontally is connected with described horizontally moving device, the described distance regulable control device 10 that prints is connected with described printing distance adjusting means, described temperature detecting unit 9 and distance detection unit 8 are all connected apart from regulable control device 10 with printing；Described temperature detecting unit 9 forms temperature control device with printing distance regulable control device 10；Described rotation angle detecting unit 26 is connected with Rotation Controllers 15.Described rotation angle detecting unit 26 is arranged on roller core 3-1.

In the present embodiment, described temperature detecting unit 9 is the infrared temperature sensor that described plasma beam system of processing print position place (i.e. Working position place) temperature on body of roll outer layer 3-2 carries out detection in real time.Described distance detection unit 8 is laser range sensor.

When actual laying is installed, described temperature detecting unit 9 is positioned at above roller core 3-1.In the present embodiment, described temperature detecting unit 9 is positioned at the surface of roller core 3-1.Thus, by temperature detecting unit 9, the temperature of body of roll outer layer 3-2 upper surface is detected in real time.

The outlet of described shower nozzle is positioned at the surface of roller core 3-1, and described plasma generator is laid on same vertical plane with roller core 3-1.

It should be noted that: the distance between the outlet that distance is described shower nozzle and the central axis of roller core 3-1 between outlet and the roller core 3-1 of the described shower nozzle that described distance detection unit 8 detects.

In the present embodiment, X-axis travel mechanism 24-1 that described horizontally moving device includes driving described plasma generator to carry out in the X-axis direction moving horizontally and drive described plasma generator to carry out the Y-axis moving mechanism 24-2 moved horizontally in the Y-axis direction, thus described horizontally moving device is X-Y shaft moving device.Wherein, X-direction is the central axial direction of roller core 3-1.

Further, described plasma generator is arranged on Y-axis moving mechanism 24-2, and described Y-axis moving mechanism 24-2 is arranged on X-axis travel mechanism 24-1, and described X-axis travel mechanism 24-1 is arranged in described printing distance adjusting means.In actually used process, described plasma generator is driven to move horizontally in the Y-axis direction by Y-axis moving mechanism 24-2, driven by X-axis travel mechanism 24-1 that Y-axis moving mechanism 24-2 is Tong Bu with described plasma generator moves horizontally in the X-axis direction, and described horizontally moving device is Tong Bu with described plasma generator moves on the central axis of described beam-plasma by the drive of described printing distance adjusting means.

In the present embodiment, described Y-axis moving mechanism 24-2, X-axis travel mechanism 24-1 and described printing distance adjusting means composition drive described plasma generator (specifically plasma gun 13) to carry out the mechanical hand of three-dimensional motion.

In the present embodiment, detection of gas flow rate unit 11 that plasma generator controller 7 that described monitoring system also includes described plasma generator is controlled, gas flow to air supply pipe 5 carry out detection in real time and the gas flow controller 12 that the flow control valve 25 installed on air supply pipe 5 is controlled, described plasma generator controller 7 is connected with described plasma generator, and described detection of gas flow rate unit 11 is connected with gas flow controller 12.

In the present embodiment, as in figure 2 it is shown, described plasma generator includes plasma gun 13, described shower nozzle is the anode nozzle 13-2 of plasma gun 13 front end；Described plasma gun 13 includes having the gun body 13-1 of described air inlet, being positioned at the anode nozzle 13-2 of gun body 13-1 dead ahead and be plugged in the negative electrode 13-3 of gun body 13-1, described anode nozzle 13-2 is positioned on front side of negative electrode 13-3, described arc chamber 13-4 is positioned on front side of negative electrode 13-3 and it is positioned at the posterior medial of anode nozzle 13-2, and the front inner of described anode nozzle 13-2 is spout 13-5.

Time actually used, described plasma gun 13 is arranged on Y-axis moving mechanism 24-2.

Time actually used, described horizontally moving device may also be only and drives described plasma generator to carry out the X-axis travel mechanism 24-1 moved horizontally in the X-axis direction.Now, described plasma gun 13 is arranged on X-axis travel mechanism 24-1.

In the present embodiment, described anode nozzle 13-2, negative electrode 13-3 and arc chamber 13-4 all lay in coaxial with gun body 13-1；Described powder flow paths 14 stretches in spout 13-5 with the inclined laying of gun body 13-1 and its front end, described powder flow paths 14 be straight channel and it include the back side walkway being laid in gun body 13-1 and the front side channel being laid in anode nozzle 13-2.

Further, described air inlet is positioned on rear side of gun body 13-1, and described spout 13-5 and gun body 13-1 lays in coaxial or lay in coaxial with powder flow paths 14.

In the present embodiment, between described anode nozzle 13-2 and gun body 13-1, it is provided with insulating barrier 13-6.

In the present embodiment, as in figure 2 it is shown, described spout 13-5 and gun body 13-1 lays in coaxial.

In the present embodiment, described air supply pipe 5 is connected with the air inlet opened on described plasma generator by air inlet ring 21.Further, uniformly supplied in described plasma generator by air inlet ring 21.

Such as Fig. 4, shown in Fig. 5, described air inlet ring 21 be annular and it include air inlet ring body 21-1 and lid be contained on air inlet ring body 21-1 annular sealing cover 21-2, described air inlet ring body 21-1 has an annular air inlet duct 21-3 on annular and its medial wall, described air inlet ring body 21-1 has an outside air inlet 21-4 connected with air supply pipe 5 and its inside have multiple inner side air inlet 21-5, multiple described inner side air inlet 21-5 along the circumferential direction uniformly lay and it is respectively positioned on inside annular air inlet duct 21-3, described outside air inlet 21-4 is positioned at outside annular air inlet duct 21-3, described outside air inlet 21-4 and multiple described inner side air inlet 21-5 all communicates with inside annular air inlet duct 21-3.

Further, described gun body 13-1 along the circumferential direction has multiple respectively with multiple described inner side air inlet 21-5 gun body air inlet communicated.

Time actually used, described powder flow paths 14 can also adopt same passage with the inlet channel of described working gas.

In the present embodiment, the meal outlet of described powder flow paths 14 is positioned on front side of arc chamber 13-4 and it is positioned at the inner back side of spout 13-5.

In plasma gun 13 use procedure as shown in Figure 2, producing plasma in described arc chamber 13-4, produced plasma forms beam-plasma and sprays through spout 13-5；Meanwhile, described powder is tilted towards entering spout 13-5 by powder flow paths 14, and described powder enters in described beam-plasma under the effect of described working gas, and accelerate in described beam-plasma, heat and be fused into molten condition and form small drop, this drop sprays in the lump with beam-plasma, forms the interior plasma beam with molten melt drop；After the molten melt drop that powder is formed after fusing sprays with beam-plasma, formed by the microstream of the molten melt drop being evenly distributed with printed material.Thus, described printed material is powder, to the shape of powder without particular/special requirement.

In the present embodiment, described working gas is noble gas or H₂Gas.

Wherein, noble gas is Ar gas, He gas and N₂Gas.

Time actually used, described horizontal support mechanism 16 is the mobile platform that fixed supporting construction maybe can move up and down.

When described horizontal support mechanism 16 is mobile platform, described monitoring system also includes the position adjustment controller that described mobile platform is controlled, and described position adjustment controller is connected with described mobile platform.Time actually used, described mobile platform can be three axis numerically controlled machine.Further, described position adjustment controller is the controller of three axis numerically controlled machine.Time actually used, described mobile platform can also adopt other can complete the device of X, Y and the motion of three directions of Z axis or can the vertically movable device that moves up and down of in the vertical direction.

In the present embodiment, described horizontal support mechanism 16 is the fixed fixed supporting construction in position.

In actually used process, the angle between central axis and the vertical plane of the beam-plasma that described plasma generator produces is not more than 45 °；Described printing distance adjusting means is adjusting apparatus 17 up and down described shower nozzle adjusted up and down along the central axis of described beam-plasma, and described distance detection unit 8 be to the distance detection device carrying out from the distance exported between roller core 3-1 of described shower nozzle detecting in real time along the central axis of described beam-plasma.

In the present embodiment, described upper and lower adjusting apparatus 17 is Z-direction adjusting apparatus, and wherein Z-direction is vertical direction.

Further, described upper and lower adjusting apparatus 17 is telescopic hydraulic cylinder.

In the present embodiment, the central axis of the beam-plasma that described plasma generator produces is in vertically to laying.Time actually used, can according to specific needs, the angle between central axis and the vertical plane of the beam-plasma that described plasma generator produces be adjusted accordingly.

In the present embodiment, described powder feeder 2 includes the shell that top has charging aperture and the powder feeding wheel being arranged in described shell, and described powder feeding wheel is driven by drive motor 19；Described powder feeding mouth is positioned at described outer casing underpart.

As shown in Figure 3, described monitoring system also includes the powder mass flow detection unit 18 that the powder feeding flow of powder feeding pipe 6 carries out detection in real time and the powder feeding flow controller 20 that drive motor 19 is controlled, and described powder mass flow detection unit 18 is connected with powder feeding flow controller 20.

In the present embodiment, described drive motor 19 is direct current generator.In actually used process, by changing the rotating speed of described direct current generator, the powder feeding flow of powder feeding pipe 6 is carried out simplicity, quickly adjusts.

In the present embodiment, described monitoring system also includes respectively to Y-axis moving mechanism 24-2 horizontal displacement in the Y-axis direction, carry out the first displacement detecting unit of detection, the second displacement detecting unit and triple motion detection unit in real time to X-axis travel mechanism 24-1 horizontal displacement in the X-axis direction with to the displacement in the Z-axis direction of upper and lower adjusting apparatus 17, described first displacement detecting unit and the second displacement detecting unit all with move horizontally controller 24 and be connected, described triple motion detection unit is connected apart from regulable control device 10 with printing.

In the present embodiment, described plasma generator controller 7, gas flow controller 12, Rotation Controllers 15, printing distance regulable control device 10, powder feeding flow controller 20 and move horizontally controller 24 and all connect with described data handling equipment, described data handling equipment is PC 23.Described feeder 1 is carried out on off control by PC 23.

In the present embodiment, described horizontal rotary mechanism 4 includes two, the left and right rotary support seat 4-1 being all fixedly mounted in described horizontal support mechanism and drives the roller core 3-1 rotary drive mechanism 4-2 rotated, and the two ends of described roller core 3-1 are separately mounted on two described rotary support seat 4-1 and are attached each through bearing between its two ends and two described rotary support seat 4-1；Described rotary drive mechanism 4-2 is that electronic rotation driving mechanism and itself and roller core 3-1 are in transmission connection, and described rotary drive mechanism 4-2 is controlled by Rotation Controllers 27 and it is connected with horizontal rotary mechanism 4.

Further, two described rotary support seat 4-1 are bearing block and both in vertically to laying, and described rotary drive mechanism 4-2 is arranged on a described rotary support seat 4-1 and one end of itself and roller core 3-1 is in transmission connection.

Time actually used, the quantity of described rotary drive mechanism 4-2 can also be two, and two described rotary drive mechanism 4-2 are separately mounted on two described rotary support seat 4-1 and the two is in transmission connection with the two ends of roller core 3-1 respectively.

A kind of roll plasma 3D Method of printing as shown in Figure 6, comprises the following steps:

Step one, three-dimensional stereo model obtain and hierarchy slicing processes: adopt data handling equipment and call the three-dimensional stereo model that image processing module obtains the body of roll outer layer 3-2 of roll to be formed, recall the hierarchy slicing module three-dimensional stereo model to body of roll outer layer 3-2 and carry out hierarchy slicing, and obtain multiple layering cross-sectional image；

Multiple described layering cross-sectional images are the image obtaining multiple layering cross section after the three-dimensional stereo model to body of roll outer layer 3-2 carries out hierarchy slicing, and multiple described layering cross sections are uniformly laid from the inside to the outside；

In the present embodiment, the rotation path that the printing path in each described layering cross section all includes described plasma generator mobile route in the horizontal plane and roller core 3-1 rotates a circle；

Step 4, from the inside to the outside successively printing: first the roller core 3-1 of the roll to be formed of machine-shaping in advance is installed on horizontal rotary mechanism 4, printing path further according to the multiple described layering cross section obtained in step 3, body of roll outer layer 3-2 is successively printed by roller core 3-1 from the inside to the outside, it is thus achieved that the body of roll outer layer 3-2 stacking from the inside to the outside by multiple shape layers；The quantity of described shape layer is identical with the quantity being layered cross section described in step one, the installation position of multiple described shape layers is all identical with the installation position one_to_one corresponding in multiple described layering cross sections and its thickness respectively, distance between the thickness of described shape layer with adjacent two described layering cross sections is identical, the printing path of the printing path in multiple described layering cross sections respectively multiple described shape layers in step 3；When body of roll outer layer 3-2 is printed, process is as follows:

Step 401, bottom print: the printing path according to current institute printing shaping layer acquired in step 3, controlling horizontal rotary mechanism 4 by Rotation Controllers 15 drives roller core 3-1 to rotate around its center axis, and in roller core 3-1 rotary course, described in move horizontally controller 24 and described horizontally moving device be controlled and drive described plasma generator to move in the horizontal plane；In described plasma generator moving process, the interior plasma beam with molten melt drop is sprayed onto on the outer surface of roller core 3-1 by described plasma beam system of processing continuously；After roller core 3-1 rotates a circle and described the sprayed molten melt drop of plasma beam system of processing all solidifies, complete the print procedure of current institute printing shaping layer；

Step 402, next layer print, and comprise the following steps:

Step 4021, plasma generator move: control described printing distance adjusting means by printing distance regulable control device 10, drive described plasma generator in the vertical direction once to move up and move up highly identical with the thickness of described shape layer；

Step 4022, printing and synchronization temperature control: the printing path according to current institute printing shaping layer acquired in step 3, controlling horizontal rotary mechanism 4 by Rotation Controllers 15 drives roller core 3-1 to rotate around its center axis, and in roller core 3-1 rotary course, described in move horizontally controller 24 and described horizontally moving device be controlled and drive described plasma generator to move in the horizontal plane；In described plasma generator moving process, the interior plasma beam with molten melt drop is sprayed onto on the outer surface of a current printed upper described shape layer by described plasma beam system of processing continuously；After roller core 3-1 rotates a circle and described the sprayed molten melt drop of plasma beam system of processing all solidifies, complete the print procedure of current institute printing shaping layer；

In this step, in described plasma generator moving process, carry out detecting in real time and by detected temperature information synchronous driving to printing apart from regulable control device 10 to the hull-skin temperature of a current printed upper described shape layer by temperature detecting unit 9, detect the distance between the unit 8 outlet and roller core 3-1 to described shower nozzle by distance simultaneously and carry out detection in real time the range information synchronous driving extremely printing distance regulable control device 10 that will detect；Described print temperature information that distance regulable control device 10 detects according to temperature detecting unit 9 and be adjusted by controlling the distance between described printing distance adjusting means outlet and roller core 3-1 to described shower nozzle, making 0.6 times of the hull-skin temperature of the currently printed upper described shape layer material fusing point not higher than body of roll outer layer 3-2；

When described in step 401 and step 4022, plasma generator moves in the horizontal plane, described plasma generator all moves along the central axis of roller core 3-1；In plasma generator moving process described in step 401 and step 4022, described printed material is delivered in described plasma generator by described powder feeder 2 continuously, and the printed material sent in described plasma generator is sent in described plasma generator in the beam-plasma of generation and is molten into molten melt drop under the effect of described working gas, described molten melt drop is uniformly distributed in described beam-plasma, and forms the interior plasma beam with molten melt drop.Further, described molten melt drop moves along the central axis of described beam-plasma under the effect of described working gas (beam-plasma includes unionized working gas)；Described printed material is dusty material；

Step 4023, plasma generator move reset: control described printing distance adjusting means by printing distance regulable control device 10, described plasma generator in the vertical direction is driven to move up and down, until being that in step 4021, the basis of current institute printing shaping layer prints height by the height adjustment of described plasma generator；

Step 403, repeatedly repetition step 402, until completing the print procedure of the body of roll all shape layers of outer layer 3-2.

In the present embodiment, roller core 3-1 described in step one is cylindrical, and described body of roll outer layer 3-2 is cylindrical shape, and multiple described layering cross sections are the face of cylinder.

In the present embodiment, hierarchy slicing module described in step one is hierarchy slicing software.Described hierarchy slicing software is that 3D prints the conventional batch Slice Software adopted, such as Cura, Xbuilder, Makerbot etc..

In the present embodiment, in plasma generator moving process described in step 401 and step 4022, described plasma generator all moves left and right along the central axis of roller core 3-1.And, in step 401 and step 4022, controlling horizontal rotary mechanism 4 by Rotation Controllers 15 drives roller core 3-1 when its center axis rotates, described roller core 3-1 is rotated for M time to rear point by elder generation, after being rotated in place each time, described roller core 3-1 all stops the rotation, and moves horizontally controller 24 and described horizontally moving device is controlled and drives described plasma generator once to move to the left or to the right along the central axis of roller core 3-1 described in afterwards.Wherein, the quantity of M and plasma generator described in the printing path of current institute printing shaping layer carry out identical with the total degree moved right to the left along the central axis of roller core 3-1.

Thus, the quantity of M is determined according to the lap width between spray width (i.e. sweep length) two described plasma beams adjacent with front and back of the girth (namely printing overall width) of current institute printing shaping layer, described plasma beam.

When the plasma beam of melted for interior band liquid stream is sprayed onto on the outer surface of roller core 3-1 by plasma beam system of processing continuously described in step 401, the melted liquid stream of interior band synchronizes to flow on the outer surface of roller core 3-1.When the plasma beam of melted for interior band liquid stream is sprayed onto on the outer surface of a current printed upper described shape layer by plasma beam system of processing continuously described in step 4022, the melted liquid stream of interior band synchronizes to flow on the outer surface of a current printed upper described shape layer.

In the present embodiment, before step 4 successively prints from the inside to the outside, data handling equipment described in step one is first according to the material fusing point pre-build and printing range data storehouse, and combine the Material Name of body of roll outer layer 3-2 pre-entered by parameter input unit, the basis of body of roll outer layer 3-2 is printed distance and is determined；Described parameter input unit connects with described data handling equipment；

Step 401 carries out before bottom printing, distance between outlet and the roller core 3-1 of described shower nozzle according to the range information detected apart from detection unit 8 and is adjusted to D+r by controlling described printing distance adjusting means by the described distance regulable control device 10 that prints, wherein r is the radius (radius at the installation position place being specially on roller core 3-1 body of roll outer layer 3-2) of roller core 3-1, the distance between the outlet that distance is described shower nozzle and the central axis of roller core 3-1 between outlet and the roller core 3-1 of described shower nozzle；In step 401 in bottom print procedure, the distance between outlet and the roller core 3-1 of described shower nozzle is D+r；

Before step 4022 carrying out print and synchronize temperature control, the described distance regulable control device 10 that prints according to the range information detected apart from detection unit 8 and combines the number of plies N currently having printed described shape layer, and by controlling described printing distance adjusting means, the distance between outlet and the roller core 3-1 of described shower nozzle is adjusted to D+r+N × d, wherein d is the thickness of described shape layer；When distance between the outlet of described shower nozzle and roller core 3-1 is adjusted by step 4022, described print temperature information that distance regulable control device 10 detects according to temperature detecting unit 9 and the distance that combines between range information that distance detection unit 8 detects outlet and the roller core 3-1 to described shower nozzle is adjusted, make the hull-skin temperature of a current printed upper described shape layer control between 0.1 times～0.6 times of the material fusing point at body of roll outer layer 3-2；Further, when the distance between outlet and the body of roll outer layer 3-2 of described shower nozzle is adjusted, the amplitude of accommodation is 5mm～60mm, and material fusing point is more high, and the amplitude of accommodation is more little.

In the present embodiment, before step 4 successively prints from the inside to the outside, data handling equipment described in step one is first according to the gas pre-build and powder mass flow data base, and in conjunction with the thickness of described shape layer set in advance, the base gas flow of air supply pipe 5 and the powder feeding flow of powder feeding pipe 6 are determined；

Described gas and powder mass flow databases contain the powder feeding flow needed for the shape layer of multiple different thickness and base gas flow；Described base gas flow is 50ml/min～15000ml/min, and the powder feeding flow of powder feeding pipe 6 is more big, and described base gas flow is more big；

In plasma generator moving process described in step 401 and step 4022, the powder feeding flow of powder feeding pipe 6 is carried out detection in real time and detected synchronizing information is sent to powder feeding flow controller 20 by described powder mass flow detection unit 18, drive motor 19 is controlled by described powder feeding flow controller 20 according to powder feeding flow 18 detection information of combining powder flow detection unit of predetermined powder feeding pipe 6, and the powder feeding flow making powder feeding pipe 6 is all identical with predetermined powder feeding flow；

Carrying out in step 401 before bottom printing, the gas flow of air supply pipe 5 is adjusted to described base gas flow according to 11 detection information of detection of gas flow rate unit and by controlling flow control valve 25 by described gas flow controller 12；In step 401 in bottom print procedure, the gas flow of described air supply pipe 5 is described base gas flow；

Step 4022 carries out print and synchronize in temperature control process, described gas flow controller 12 is according to 11 detection information of detection of gas flow rate unit and combines distance detection 8 detecting distance information of unit, and by controlling flow control valve 25, the gas flow of air supply pipe 5 carries out increase and decrease adjustment；Further, the distance between outlet and the roller core 3-1 of described shower nozzle is more big, and the gas flow of described air supply pipe 5 is more big.

In the present embodiment, when obtaining the three-dimensional stereo model of body of roll outer layer 3-2, utilize the three-dimensional graphics software such as pro/e, UG, CATIA to design the three-dimensional stereo model (i.e. three-dimensional entity model) of body of roll outer layer 3-2, or utilize reverse engineering to solve the three-dimensional stereo model of body of roll outer layer 3-2；Again through described hierarchy slicing module, this three-dimensional stereo model is carried out hierarchy slicing, and obtain the outline data in each cross section, generated by outline data and fill scanning pattern, the corresponding printing path (i.e. the printing path in each layering cross section) obtaining described plasma beam system of processing.Thus, step one and the method adopted in step 2 are identical with the method that conventional laser selective melting molding or electron beam selective melting molding adopt.Afterwards, carrying out in the horizontal plane in X-direction motor process according to the printing path obtained, the interior plasma beam with molten melt drop is sprayed onto on roller core 3-1 or on the outer surface of a current printed upper described shape layer by described plasma beam system of processing continuously；After sprayed molten melt drop all solidifies, complete the print procedure of a shape layer；Then, carrying out the printing of next shape layer, so successively printing, thus completing the print procedure of body of roll outer layer 3-2.

Owing to horizontal support mechanism 16 can be three axis numerically controlled machine, thus plasma generator mobile route in the horizontal plane described in the printing path in each described layering cross section acquired in step 3 can also be the machining path of three axis numerically controlled machine 16, now described plasma beam system of processing is not moved in the horizontal plane, but be moved in the horizontal plane by horizontal support mechanism 16, thus complete the print procedure of each shape layer.

Actual man-hour, described roller core 3-1 machine-shaping in advance, and the roller core 3-1 of adding can adopt the Conventional processing methods of roller core in roll to be processed, such as casting etc.；Roller core 3-1 is shaped by the 3D Method of printing that can also adopt routine.Alternatively, it is also possible to adopt roll plasma 3D printing device of the present invention that roller core 3-1 is shaped, process is as follows:

Step A, three-dimensional stereo model obtain and hierarchy slicing processes: adopt data handling equipment and call the three-dimensional stereo model of image processing module acquisition roller core 3-1, recall the hierarchy slicing module three-dimensional stereo model to roller core 3-1 and carry out hierarchy slicing, and obtain multiple layering cross-sectional image；

Multiple described layering cross-sectional images are the image obtaining multiple layering cross section after the three-dimensional stereo model to roller core 3-1 carries out hierarchy slicing, and multiple described layering cross sections are uniformly laid from the bottom to top along the central axis of roller core 3-1；

Step B, scanning pattern are filled: adopt data handling equipment and call described image processing module, described layering cross-sectional images multiple in step A are respectively processed, and complete the scanning pattern filling process in multiple described layering cross section, it is thus achieved that the scanning pattern in multiple described layering cross sections；

Step C, printing path obtain: the described data handling equipment scanning pattern according to the multiple described layering cross section obtained in step B, it is thus achieved that the printing path in multiple described layering cross sections；The printing path in each described layering cross section is all identical with the scanning pattern in this layering cross section；

Step D, from the bottom to top successively printing: the printing path according to the multiple described layering cross section obtained in step C, successively print roller core 3-1, it is thus achieved that the roller core 3-1 stacking from the bottom to top by multiple shape layers from the bottom to top；The quantity of described shape layer is identical with the quantity being layered cross section described in step A, the installation position of multiple described shape layers is all identical with the installation position one_to_one corresponding in multiple described layering cross sections and its thickness respectively, distance between the thickness of described shape layer with adjacent two described layering cross sections is identical, the printing path of multiple described shape layers in the printing path respectively roller core 3-1 in multiple described layering cross sections in step C；In roller core 3-1, the Method of printing of multiple described shape layers is all identical；When roller core 3-1 is printed, process is as follows:

Step D1, bottom print: described in move horizontally the controller 24 printing path according to current institute printing shaping layer acquired in step C, described horizontally moving device is controlled and drives described plasma generator to move in the horizontal plane；In described plasma generator moving process, the interior plasma beam with molten melt drop is sprayed onto in horizontal support mechanism 16 by described plasma beam system of processing continuously；After sprayed molten melt drop all solidifies, complete the print procedure of current institute printing shaping layer in roller core 3-1；

In this step, current institute printing shaping layer be roller core 3-1 multiple described shape layer in be positioned at the shape layer of bottommost；

Step D2, last layer print, and comprise the following steps:

Step D21, horizontal support mechanism move down: horizontal support mechanism 16 in the vertical direction is once moved down and moved down height identical with the thickness of shape layer described in roller core 3-1；

Step D22, printing and synchronize temperature control: described in move horizontally the controller 24 printing path according to current institute printing shaping layer acquired in step C, described horizontally moving device is controlled and drives described plasma generator to move in the horizontal plane；In described plasma generator moving process, the interior plasma beam with molten melt drop is sprayed onto on the upper surface of the current printed described shape layer of the next one by described plasma beam system of processing continuously；After sprayed molten melt drop all solidifies, complete the print procedure of current institute printing shaping layer；

In this step, in described plasma generator moving process, carry out detecting in real time and by detected temperature information synchronous driving to printing apart from regulable control device 10 to the upper surface temperature of the described shape layer of the next one current printed in roller core 3-1 by temperature detecting unit 9, detect the distance between the unit 8 outlet and horizontal support mechanism 16 to described shower nozzle by distance simultaneously and carry out detection in real time the range information synchronous driving extremely printing distance regulable control device 10 that will detect；Described print temperature information that distance regulable control device 10 detects according to temperature detecting unit 9 and be adjusted by controlling the distance between described printing distance adjusting means outlet and horizontal support mechanism 16 to described shower nozzle, making 0.6 times of the upper surface temperature of the currently printed described shape layer of the next one material fusing point not higher than roller core 3-1；

In plasma generator moving process described in step D1 and step D22, described printed material is delivered in described plasma generator by described powder feeder 2 continuously, and the printed material sent in described plasma generator is sent in described plasma generator in the beam-plasma of generation and is molten into molten melt drop under the effect of described working gas, described molten melt drop is uniformly distributed in described beam-plasma, and forms the interior plasma beam with molten melt drop.Further, described molten melt drop moves along the central axis of described beam-plasma under the effect of described working gas (beam-plasma includes unionized working gas)；Described printed material is dusty material；

Step D3, repeatedly repetition step D2, until completing the print procedure of all shape layers in roller core 3-1, it is thus achieved that the roller core 3-1 of machine-shaping.

Owing to the relative position of roller core 3-1 Yu horizontal support mechanism 16 is constant, thus the distance between outlet and the roller core 3-1 of the described shower nozzle that unit 8 detects is detected according to distance, and in conjunction with the position relationship of roller core 3-1 Yu horizontal support mechanism 16, the distance between the outlet of described shower nozzle and horizontal support mechanism 16 can be immediately arrived at.Therefore, the distance between outlet and the horizontal support mechanism 16 of the described shower nozzle that also can be detected by distance detection unit 8.

In the present embodiment, before step D successively prints from the bottom to top, data handling equipment described in step A is first according to the material fusing point pre-build and printing range data storehouse, and combine the Material Name of roller core 3-1 pre-entered by parameter input unit, the basis of roller core 3-1 is printed distance and is determined；Described parameter input unit connects with described data handling equipment；

Carrying out in step D1 before bottom printing, the distance between outlet and the horizontal support mechanism 16 of described shower nozzle is adjusted to described basis printing distance apart from regulable control device 10 by controlling described printing distance adjusting means by described printing；In step D1 in bottom print procedure, the distance between outlet and the horizontal support mechanism 16 of described shower nozzle is that described basis prints distance；

Before step D22 carrying out print and synchronize temperature control, described print distance regulable control device 10, by controlling described printing distance adjusting means, the distance between the upper surface of the described shape layer of the next one current printed in the outlet of described shower nozzle and roller core 3-1 is adjusted to described basis printing distance；When distance between the outlet of described shower nozzle and horizontal support mechanism 16 is adjusted by step D22, also need by temperature-detecting device, the upper surface temperature of the described shape layer of the next one current printed in roller core 3-1 to be detected in real time, the described distance printed between temperature information that distance regulable control device 10 detects according to described temperature-detecting device outlet and the horizontal support mechanism 16 to described shower nozzle is adjusted, the upper surface temperature making the described shape layer of the next one current printed in roller core 3-1 controls between 0.1 times～0.6 times of the material fusing point at roller core 3-1；Further, when the distance between outlet and the horizontal support mechanism 16 of described shower nozzle is adjusted, the amplitude of accommodation is 5mm～60mm, and the material fusing point of roller core 3-1 is more high, and the amplitude of accommodation is more little.

In the present embodiment, before step D successively prints from the bottom to top, data handling equipment described in step A is first according to the gas pre-build and powder mass flow data base, and in conjunction with the thickness of shape layer described in roller core 3-1 set in advance, the base gas flow of air supply pipe 5 and the powder feeding flow of powder feeding pipe 6 are determined；

In plasma generator moving process described in step D1 and step D22, the powder feeding flow of powder feeding pipe 6 is carried out detection in real time and detected synchronizing information is sent to powder feeding flow controller 20 by described powder mass flow detection unit 18, drive motor 19 is controlled by described powder feeding flow controller 20 according to powder feeding flow 18 detection information of combining powder flow detection unit of predetermined powder feeding pipe 6, and the powder feeding flow making powder feeding pipe 6 is all identical with predetermined powder feeding flow；

Carrying out in step D1 before bottom printing, the gas flow of air supply pipe 5 is adjusted to described base gas flow according to 11 detection information of detection of gas flow rate unit and by controlling flow control valve 25 by described gas flow controller 12；In step D1 in bottom print procedure, the gas flow of described air supply pipe 5 is described base gas flow；

Step D22 carries out print and synchronize in temperature control process, described gas flow controller 12 is according to 11 detection information of detection of gas flow rate unit and combines distance detection 8 detecting distance information of unit, and by controlling flow control valve 25, the gas flow of air supply pipe 5 carries out increase and decrease adjustment；Further, the distance between outlet and the horizontal support mechanism 16 of described shower nozzle is more big, and the gas flow of described air supply pipe 5 is more big.

In the present embodiment, roll plasma 3D printing device of the present invention also includes treating the machining set-up that molding roller is machined out, and described machining tool is setting in above horizontal support mechanism 16.

During actual installation, described machining set-up is arranged in three axle travel mechanisms, described three axle travel mechanisms are the travel mechanism that machining set-up can be driven to move in X-axis, Y-axis and Z-direction, as three axle mobile platforms, three-dimensional mechanical hand, three axles regulate support, gimbal etc..In the present embodiment, described three axle travel mechanisms are positioned at above horizontal rotary mechanism 4.

In the present embodiment, described three axle travel mechanisms are that three axles regulate support, described three axles regulate supports include base, the Z axis regulating arm being arranged on described base, the X-axis regulating arm being arranged on described Z axis regulating arm and the Y-axis regulating arm that is arranged on described X-axis regulating arm, described Y-axis regulating arm is provided with a vertical mounting rod, and described machining set-up is arranged on described vertical mounting rod.

In the present embodiment, described machining set-up is connected with data handling equipment, and described three axle travel mechanisms 29 are controlled by described data handling equipment and it is connected with data handling equipment.

In the present embodiment, described machining set-up includes polishing utensil and removal tool, and described removal tool is drilling tool or cutting tool.

During actual installation, described polishing utensil and removal tool can be installed on a Multifunctional knife rack dish.

In the present embodiment, after step 4 completes printing, it is thus achieved that printing shaping roll；Afterwards, control horizontal rotary mechanism 4 by Rotation Controllers 15 and drive roller core 3-1 to rotate around its center axis, and in described roller rotational process to be repaired, adopt machining set-up that roll after described reparation is carried out polish.

When adopting machining set-up that described printing shaping roll is carried out polish, specifically the size of described printing shaping roll is carried out polish or the outer surface of described printing shaping roll is polished, by the size of described printing shaping roll is carried out the dimensional requirement that polish makes its size can meet roll finished product, by the requirement making its surface roughness can meet roll finished product that the outer surface of described printing shaping roll is polished, so that described printing shaping roll can directly apply on steel rolling production-line.

In the present embodiment, when adopting machining set-up that described printing shaping roll is carried out polish, machining set-up is adopted only the outer surface of described printing shaping roll to be polished so that it is surface roughness can meet the requirement of roll finished product.

Embodiment 2

In the present embodiment, as it is shown in fig. 7, the roll plasma 3D printing device adopted is as different from Example 1: described spout 13-5 lays in coaxial with powder flow paths 14.

So, after the direction of described beam-plasma being changed by spout 13-5, can effectively reduce the plasma jet antianode nozzle 13-2 thermic load produced and impact, improve anode ablation situation.Simultaneously as spout 13-5 lays in coaxial with powder flow paths 14, thus without influence on the acceleration of powder, heating and fusion process, result of use is very good.

In the present embodiment, the remainder structure of institute's employing roll plasma 3D printing device, annexation are all identical with embodiment 1 with operation principle.

In the present embodiment, the roll plasma 3D Method of printing adopted is identical with embodiment 1.

The above; it it is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention; not the present invention is imposed any restrictions, every any simple modification, change and equivalent structure change above example made according to the technology of the present invention essence, all still fall within the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. a roll plasma 3D printing device, it is characterized in that: be made up of monitoring system, plasma beam system of processing and the horizontal stamp pad placed for roll to be formed, described roll to be formed includes roller core (3-1) and is laid in the body of roll outer layer (3-2) in outside, roller core (3-1) middle part, and body of roll outer layer (3-2) is laid in coaxial with roller core (3-1)；Described horizontal stamp pad includes horizontal support mechanism (16) and is fixedly mounted on the horizontal rotary mechanism (4) that horizontal support mechanism (16) is upper and drives roller core (3-1) to rotate around its center axis, described horizontal rotary mechanism (4) is positioned at horizontal support mechanism (16) top, and described roller core (3-1) is laid in level and it is installed on horizontal rotary mechanism (4)；

Described plasma beam system of processing is by being provided with shower nozzle and for producing the plasma generator of beam-plasma, the print position adjusting apparatus that the position of described plasma generator is adjusted, providing the feeder (1) of working gas for described plasma generator and for form to the powder feeder (2) sending into printed material in described plasma generator continuously, and described plasma generator is positioned at above horizontal rotary mechanism (4)；Described feeder (1) is connected with the air inlet opened on described plasma generator by air supply pipe (5)；The powder flow paths (14) of described powder circulation it is provided in described plasma generator, described powder flow paths (14) communicates with arc chamber (13-4) inside in described plasma generator and it connects with described air inlet, the external port of described powder flow paths is powder inlet (22), and the powder feeding mouth of described powder feeder (2) is connected with powder inlet (22) by powder feeding pipe (6)；Horizontally moving device that described print position adjusting apparatus includes driving described plasma generator to move in the horizontal plane and drive described plasma generator and described horizontally moving device synchronizing moving and tackle the printing distance adjusting means that the distance between the outlet of described shower nozzle and roller core (3-1) is adjusted mutually, described plasma generator is arranged on described horizontally moving device, and described horizontally moving device is arranged in described printing distance adjusting means；

What described monitoring system included described horizontally moving device is controlled moves horizontally controller (24), the hull-skin temperature of body of roll outer layer (3-2) is carried out the real-time temperature detecting unit (9) detected, distance between outlet and the roller core (3-1) of described shower nozzle is carried out distance detection unit (8) of detection in real time, printing distance regulable control device (10) that described printing distance adjusting means is controlled, the rotation angle detecting unit (26) that the anglec of rotation of roller core (3-1) is carried out detection in real time and the Rotation Controllers (15) that horizontal rotary mechanism (4) is controlled, the described controller (24) that moves horizontally is connected with described horizontally moving device, described distance regulable control device (10) that prints is connected with described printing distance adjusting means, described temperature detecting unit (9) and distance detection unit (8) are all connected apart from regulable control device (10) with printing；Described temperature detecting unit (9) forms temperature control device with printing distance regulable control device (10)；Described rotation angle detecting unit (26) is connected with Rotation Controllers (15).

2. a kind of roll plasma 3D printing device described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described monitoring system also includes the plasma generator controller (7) that described plasma generator is controlled, the detection of gas flow rate unit (11) that the gas flow of air supply pipe (5) is carried out detection in real time and the gas flow controller (12) that the upper flow control valve (25) installed of air supply pipe (5) is controlled, described plasma generator controller (7) is connected with described plasma generator, described detection of gas flow rate unit (11) is connected with gas flow controller (12).

3. a kind of roll plasma 3D printing device described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described plasma generator includes plasma gun (13), described shower nozzle is the anode nozzle (13-2) of plasma gun (13) front end；Described plasma gun (13) includes having the gun body (13-1) of described air inlet, being positioned at the anode nozzle (13-2) of gun body (13-1) dead ahead and be plugged in the negative electrode (13-3) of gun body (13-1), described anode nozzle (13-2) is positioned at negative electrode (13-3) front side, described arc chamber (13-4) is positioned at negative electrode (13-3) front side and it is positioned at the posterior medial of anode nozzle (13-2), and the front inner of described anode nozzle (13-2) is spout (13-5).

4. a kind of roll plasma 3D printing device described in claim 3, it is characterised in that: described anode nozzle (13-2), negative electrode (13-3) and arc chamber (13-4) are all laid in coaxial with gun body (13-1)；Described powder flow paths (14) and gun body (13-1) inclined laying and its front end stretch in spout (13-5), described powder flow paths (14) for straight channel and it include the back side walkway being laid in gun body (13-1) and the front side channel being laid in anode nozzle (13-2)；Described air inlet is positioned at gun body (13-1) rear side, and described spout (13-5) is laid with gun body (13-1) in coaxial or laid in coaxial with powder flow paths (14).

5. a kind of roll plasma 3D printing device described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the angle between central axis and the vertical plane of the beam-plasma that described plasma generator produces is not more than 45 °；Described printing distance adjusting means is the adjusting apparatus up and down (17) described shower nozzle adjusted up and down along the central axis of described beam-plasma, and described distance detection unit (8) be to the distance detection device carrying out from the distance exported between roller core (3-1) of described shower nozzle detecting in real time along the central axis of described beam-plasma.

6. a kind of roll plasma 3D printing device described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described horizontal rotary mechanism (4) includes two rotary support seats (4-1) being all fixedly mounted in horizontal support mechanism of horizontal support mechanism (16) in left and right and the rotary drive mechanism (4-2) driving roller core (3-1) to rotate, and the two ends of described roller core (3-1) are separately mounted to two described rotary support seats (4-1) and above and are attached each through bearing between its two ends and two described rotary support seats (4-1)；Described rotary drive mechanism (4-2) is in transmission connection for electronic rotation driving mechanism and itself and roller core (3-1), and described rotary drive mechanism (4-2) is controlled by Rotation Controllers (27) and it is connected with horizontal rotary mechanism (4)；

The mobile platform that described horizontal support mechanism (16) maybe can move up and down for fixed supporting construction.

7. a kind of roll plasma 3D printing device described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described powder feeder (2) includes the shell that top has charging aperture and the powder feeding wheel being arranged in described shell, and described powder feeding wheel is driven by drive motor (19)；Described powder feeding mouth is positioned at described outer casing underpart；

Described monitoring system also includes powder mass flow detection unit (18) that the powder feeding flow of powder feeding pipe (6) carries out detection in real time and the powder feeding flow controller (20) that drive motor (19) is controlled, and described powder mass flow detection unit (18) is connected with powder feeding flow controller (20).

8. one kind utilizes plasma 3D printing device as claimed in claim 1 to treat the method that molding roller carries out plasma 3D printing, it is characterised in that: the method comprises the following steps:

Step one, three-dimensional stereo model obtain and hierarchy slicing processes: adopt data handling equipment and call the three-dimensional stereo model that image processing module obtains the body of roll outer layer (3-2) of roll to be formed, recall the hierarchy slicing module three-dimensional stereo model to body of roll outer layer (3-2) and carry out hierarchy slicing, and obtain multiple layering cross-sectional image；

Multiple described layering cross-sectional images are the image obtaining multiple layering cross section after the three-dimensional stereo model to body of roll outer layer (3-2) carries out hierarchy slicing, and multiple described layering cross sections are uniformly laid from the inside to the outside；

Step 4, from the inside to the outside successively printing: first the roller core (3-1) of the roll to be formed of machine-shaping in advance is installed on horizontal rotary mechanism (4), printing path further according to the multiple described layering cross section obtained in step 3, body of roll outer layer (3-2) is successively printed by roller core (3-1) from the inside to the outside, it is thus achieved that the body of roll outer layer (3-2) stacking from the inside to the outside by multiple shape layers；The quantity of described shape layer is identical with the quantity being layered cross section described in step one, the installation position of multiple described shape layers is all identical with the installation position one_to_one corresponding in multiple described layering cross sections and its thickness respectively, distance between the thickness of described shape layer with adjacent two described layering cross sections is identical, the printing path of the printing path in multiple described layering cross sections respectively multiple described shape layers in step 3；When body of roll outer layer (3-2) is printed, process is as follows:

Step 401, bottom print: the printing path according to current institute printing shaping layer acquired in step 3, controlling horizontal rotary mechanism (4) by Rotation Controllers (15) drives roller core (3-1) to rotate around its center axis, and in roller core (3-1) rotary course, described in move horizontally controller (24) and described horizontally moving device be controlled and drive described plasma generator to move in the horizontal plane；In described plasma generator moving process, the interior plasma beam with molten melt drop is sprayed onto on the outer surface of roller core (3-1) by described plasma beam system of processing continuously；After roller core (3-1) rotates a circle and described the sprayed molten melt drop of plasma beam system of processing all solidifies, complete the print procedure of current institute printing shaping layer；

Step 402, next layer print, and comprise the following steps:

Step 4021, plasma generator move: control described printing distance adjusting means by printing distance regulable control device (10), drive described plasma generator in the vertical direction once to move up and move up highly identical with the thickness of described shape layer；

Step 4022, printing and synchronization temperature control: the printing path according to current institute printing shaping layer acquired in step 3, controlling horizontal rotary mechanism (4) by Rotation Controllers (15) drives roller core (3-1) to rotate around its center axis, and in roller core (3-1) rotary course, described in move horizontally controller (24) and described horizontally moving device be controlled and drive described plasma generator to move in the horizontal plane；In described plasma generator moving process, the interior plasma beam with molten melt drop is sprayed onto on the outer surface of a current printed upper described shape layer by described plasma beam system of processing continuously；After roller core (3-1) rotates a circle and described the sprayed molten melt drop of plasma beam system of processing all solidifies, complete the print procedure of current institute printing shaping layer；

In this step, in described plasma generator moving process, carry out detecting in real time and by detected temperature information synchronous driving to printing apart from regulable control device (10) to the hull-skin temperature of a current printed upper described shape layer by temperature detecting unit (9), detect the distance between the unit (8) outlet and roller core (3-1) to described shower nozzle by distance simultaneously and carry out detection in real time the range information synchronous driving extremely printing distance regulable control device (10) that will detect；Described print temperature information that distance regulable control device (10) detects according to temperature detecting unit (9) and be adjusted by controlling the distance between described printing distance adjusting means outlet and roller core (3-1) to described shower nozzle, making 0.6 times of the hull-skin temperature of the currently printed upper described shape layer material fusing point not higher than body of roll outer layer (3-2)；

When described in step 401 and step 4022, plasma generator moves in the horizontal plane, described plasma generator all moves along the central axis of roller core (3-1)；In plasma generator moving process described in step 401 and step 4022, described printed material is delivered in described plasma generator by described powder feeder (2) continuously, and the printed material sent in described plasma generator is sent in described plasma generator in the beam-plasma of generation and is molten into molten melt drop under the effect of described working gas, described molten melt drop is uniformly distributed in described beam-plasma, and forms the interior plasma beam with molten melt drop；Described printed material is dusty material；

Step 4023, plasma generator move reset: control described printing distance adjusting means by printing distance regulable control device (10), described plasma generator in the vertical direction is driven to move up and down, until being that in step 4021, the basis of current institute printing shaping layer prints height by the height adjustment of described plasma generator；

Step 403, repeatedly repetition step 402, until completing the print procedure of body of roll outer layer (3-2) all shape layers.

9. treat, described in claim 8, the method that molding roller carries out plasma 3D printing, it is characterized in that: before step 4 successively prints from the inside to the outside, data handling equipment described in step one is first according to the material fusing point pre-build and printing range data storehouse, and combine the Material Name of body of roll outer layer (3-2) pre-entered by parameter input unit, the basis of body of roll outer layer (3-2) is printed distance and is determined；Described parameter input unit connects with described data handling equipment；

Step 401 carries out before bottom printing, distance between outlet and the roller core (3-1) of described shower nozzle is adjusted to D+r according to the range information detected apart from detection unit (8) and by controlling described printing distance adjusting means by described printing distance regulable control device (10), wherein r is the radius of roller core (3-1), the distance between the outlet that distance is described shower nozzle and the central axis of roller core (3-1) between the outlet of described shower nozzle and roller core (3-1)；In step 401 in bottom print procedure, the distance between the outlet of described shower nozzle and roller core (3-1) is D+r；

Before step 4022 carrying out print and synchronize temperature control, described distance regulable control device (10) that prints according to the range information detected apart from detection unit (8) and combines the number of plies N currently having printed described shape layer, and by controlling described printing distance adjusting means, the distance between outlet and the roller core (3-1) of described shower nozzle is adjusted to D+r+N × d, wherein d is the thickness of described shape layer；When distance between the outlet of described shower nozzle and roller core (3-1) is adjusted by step 4022, described print temperature information that distance regulable control device (10) detects according to temperature detecting unit (9) and the distance that combines between range information that distance detection unit (8) detects outlet and the roller core (3-1) to described shower nozzle is adjusted, make the hull-skin temperature of a currently printed upper described shape layer control between 0.1 times～0.6 times of the material fusing point at body of roll outer layer (3-2)；Further, when the distance between outlet and the body of roll outer layer (3-2) of described shower nozzle is adjusted, the amplitude of accommodation is 5mm～60mm, and material fusing point is more high, and the amplitude of accommodation is more little.

10. treat, described in claim 8 or 9, the method that molding roller carries out plasma 3D printing, it is characterized in that: described powder feeder (2) includes the shell that top has charging aperture and the powder feeding wheel being arranged in described shell, and described powder feeding wheel is driven by drive motor (19)；Described powder feeding mouth is positioned at described outer casing underpart；Described monitoring system also includes the plasma generator controller (7) that described plasma generator is controlled, the gas flow of air supply pipe (5) is carried out the real-time detection of gas flow rate unit (11) detected, the gas flow controller (12) that the upper flow control valve (25) installed of air supply pipe (5) is controlled, powder mass flow detection unit (18) that the powder feeding flow of powder feeding pipe (6) is carried out detection in real time and the powder feeding flow controller (20) that drive motor (19) is controlled, described plasma generator controller (7) is connected with described plasma generator, described detection of gas flow rate unit (11) is connected with gas flow controller (12)；Described powder mass flow detection unit (18) is connected with powder feeding flow controller (20)；Described distance detection unit (8) is connected with gas flow controller (12)；

Before step 4 successively prints from the inside to the outside, data handling equipment described in step one is first according to the gas pre-build and powder mass flow data base, and in conjunction with the thickness of described shape layer set in advance, the base gas flow of air supply pipe (5) and the powder feeding flow of powder feeding pipe (6) are determined；

Described gas and powder mass flow databases contain the powder feeding flow needed for the shape layer of multiple different thickness and base gas flow；Described base gas flow is 50ml/min～15000ml/min, and the powder feeding flow of powder feeding pipe (6) is more big, and described base gas flow is more big；

In plasma generator moving process described in step 401 and step 4022, the powder feeding flow of powder feeding pipe (6) is carried out detection in real time and detected synchronizing information is sent to powder feeding flow controller (20) by described powder mass flow detection unit (18), drive motor (19) is controlled by described powder feeding flow controller (20) according to powder feeding flow combining powder flow detection unit (18) the detected information of predetermined powder feeding pipe (6), and the powder feeding flow making powder feeding pipe (6) is all identical with predetermined powder feeding flow；

Carrying out in step 401 before bottom printing, the gas flow of air supply pipe (5) is adjusted to described base gas flow according to detection of gas flow rate unit (11) detected information and by controlling flow control valve (25) by described gas flow controller (12)；In step 401 in bottom print procedure, the gas flow of described air supply pipe (5) is described base gas flow；

Step 4022 carries out print and synchronize in temperature control process, described gas flow controller (12) is according to detection of gas flow rate unit (11) institute detection information and combines apart from detection unit (8) institute detecting distance information, and by controlling flow control valve (25), the gas flow of air supply pipe (5) carries out increase and decrease adjustment；Further, the distance between the outlet of described shower nozzle and roller core (3-1) is more big, and the gas flow of described air supply pipe (5) is more big.