CN105709589A - Biological filter device for purifying foul gas and volatile organic compounds - Google Patents
Biological filter device for purifying foul gas and volatile organic compounds Download PDFInfo
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- CN105709589A CN105709589A CN201610154267.5A CN201610154267A CN105709589A CN 105709589 A CN105709589 A CN 105709589A CN 201610154267 A CN201610154267 A CN 201610154267A CN 105709589 A CN105709589 A CN 105709589A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/84—Biological processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/95—Specific microorganisms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
- B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/90—Odorous compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/708
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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Abstract
The invention provides a biological filter device for purifying foul gas and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The biological filter device is mainly characterized in that the biological filter device is a cuboid; the middle of the cuboid is divided into two parts, namely a filter chamber and an equipment chamber through a separation plate; the filter chamber is composed of a bottom percolate slope face, a gas distributing system, biological filter filler and a pouring device from bottom to top, the percolate slope face is arranged at the bottom of the filter chamber and is in a V shape when seen from the side face, and a percolation pipe is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the percolate slope face to collect percolate converged on the slope face; the equipment chamber comprises a water spraying and storage tank, a nutrient solution tank, a pH value balancing liquid tank, a pipeline, a pump, a valve and an automatic control device. The biological filter device has the advantages of being small in occupied area, low in cost, capable of being moved and expanded, low in energy consumption, low in running cost, high in reliability, convenient to maintain and free of secondary pollution. Integrated and modular design is adopted, the occupied area is reduced, investment cost is reduced, the device can be moved, treatment is flexible, and running cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biological treatment exhaust device, particularly a kind of biofilter for removing foul gas and high flow capacity low concentration volatile organic matter VOCs processes device.
Background technology
Produce the pollutant such as a large amount of foul gass and volatile organic matter VOCs at industrial trades such as municipal sewage treatment, Treatment of Sludge, refuse disposal, fermentation pharmacy, rubber plastic, paint, printing and dyeing leather, domestic animal cultivation, food processing, papermaking, health and ecological environment are endangered serious.Human respiratory, blood circulation, digestive system, hormonal system and nervous system etc. are adversely affected by effluvium cognition.Volatile organic matter VOCs is not only directly detrimental to health, and is the precursor of PM2.5, is one of principal element causing big city and regional air pollution.At present, the major technique removing odorant and VOCs has active carbon adsorption, thermal oxidation method, oxonium ion group deodorization process, chemical washing method, biological filter process etc..Wherein, biofilter technology has remarkable result and advantage to processing high flow capacity, low concentration foul gas and VOCs.Its advantage includes: removal efficiency is high, energy consumption is low, operating cost is low, does not use chemical agent, non-secondary pollution, is easy to maintenance etc..Technology other deodorization technologies relatively in biofilter have significant advantage, but there is also certain defect.First, biofiltration floor space is relatively big, and the place of land limited is applied this technology and caused difficulty by this.Secondly, biofilter utilizes microorganism to carry out degradation of contaminant, and the parameters such as media moisture, temperature, nutrient concentrations, pH value are had higher control requirement.Current biofilter is difficult to these operational factors are effectively accurately controlled.3rd, major part biofilter adopts pipeline gas distribution system, and gas distribution is uneven, runs a period of time posterior spiracle and easily blocks.4th, existing most biofilters adopt monolayer filler, and pressure drop is relatively big, and pollutants removal rate has much room for improvement.5th, many biofilters adopt the filler of single kind, owing to every kind of filler has its pluses and minuses, adopt the filler of single type to be unfavorable for the growth of Microbial diversity, are unfavorable for the foul gas of degraded complicated component.Finally, existing biofilter many employings packing layer top spray, it is easy to cause media moisture uneven, affect microbial activity and contaminant removal efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to for the deficiency existed in above-mentioned technology, it is provided that a kind of bacteria filter device purifying odorant and volatile organic matter VOCs.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, and the present invention is a cuboid.It is divided into two parts by dividing plate, i.e. filter chamber and canyon in the middle of cuboid.It is characterized in that,
Filter chamber, gas distribution system, bio-filter stuffing domatic by bottom percolate and irrigation device from top to bottom form.Percolate is domatic bottom filter chamber, and side is seen and is in the shape of the letter V, and is percolating pipe, to collect the domatic percolate collected in the middle of bottom.Gas distribution system is positioned at bottom filter chamber, on percolate is domatic, is made up of bottom support bracket, grid and gas distribution net.Bio-filter stuffing is positioned on gas distribution system, is divided into two-layer from top to bottom: compounded mix layer and top packing layer.Microorganism is attached on bio-filter stuffing and grows, and by adsorbing, absorbing, transformation removes odorant and volatile organic matter (VOCs).Irrigation device includes drip irrigation pipe and shower.Drip irrigation pipe is between compounded mix layer and top packing layer, and shower is positioned at top.Canyon includes spray water pot, nutrient tank, pH value balance flow container, pipeline, pump, valve and automaton.Spray water pot is by connecting pump, shower water pipeline and valve, and is connected with the drip irrigation pipe in filter chamber and shower, by self-con-tained unit, keeps the skin wet for the bio-filter stuffing layer in filter chamber, keeps suitable humidity.Nutrient tank, pH value balance flow container is connected with spray header by venturi mixer, valve, shower water pouring Additional nutrient solution and pH balance liquid can be passed through, to guarantee that there is the nutritional labeling of abundance biofilter, keep pH value neutral, make microorganism be in optimum growh state.Equipment room side is exhaust gas inlet, leads to the gas distribution system bottom filter chamber through air inlet pipe.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, adopt rule cuboid modularity, integrated design, it is possible to bacteria filter device can be equally layering stacking in image set vanning, thus saving floor space, avoid that ordinary biofilter size is big, take up an area big defect, save significantly on civil engineering cost.
Additionally, employing modularized design, transport can be conveniently carried out and mobile by the vehicles such as highway, railway, and according to the foul gas that need to process, VOCs pollutional load size, increase or reduce processing module neatly, save operating cost.Automatically can accurately regulate the parameters such as media moisture, temperature, nutrient concentrations and pH value, make packing microbial to run under optimum growh state, can efficiently remove odorant and VOCs.
Relative to other biological filter tank tubular type gas distribution technique, adopt the gas distribution system formed with bottom load-bearing pillar, grid and gas distribution net, from top to bottom effectively evenly gas distribution, be not easily blocked.
Adopt double-deck filler, be compounded mix layer below, be top packing layer above.The materials such as the bark that filler employing particle diameter is relatively big, space is bigger of compounded mix layer, tree root, zeolite, plastic filler, perlite;The fillers such as the top packing layer employing activated carbon that particle diameter is less, absorbability is stronger, wood flour, kieselguhr.When waste gas flows from lower to upper, first pass through compounded mix layer, owing to the filler voidage of compounded mix layer is bigger, air-pressure drop is little, it is not easy blocking, is conducive to microorganism attachment continued propagation, it is possible to the odorant of the higher concentration that adsorbs, absorbs and degrade and VOCs.Waste gas is by after compounded mix layer, and pollutant levels significantly reduce, the top layers that now, absorbability less again through particle diameter is stronger, just can reduce pollutant levels further, make biofilter reach higher contaminant removal efficiency.Adopt multiple filler combination, with efficient degradation pollutant.For the feature of foul gas complicated component, biofilter adopts such as multiple filler combination such as bark, tree root, plastic filler, perlite, zeolite, wood flour, activated carbon, kieselguhr.It is advantageous that: (1) has its pluses and minuses due to every kind of filler, adopt multiple compounded mix can take into account the advantage of various types of filler, make up the defect of single filler;(2) good growing environment can be provided for microorganism so that microbial population is more diversified, is conducive to the stable operation of exhaust-gas treatment.
Adopt two-stage irrigation system, including top spray pipe and composite bed drip irrigation pipe, two-layer filler can be watered equably.Simultaneously by spray system extra-nutrition thing and adjustment pH value range, to ensure microbial activity, efficiently remove pollutant。The present invention can effectively remove foul gas and low concentration volatile organic matter (VOCs), can be widely applied to sewage pumping station, sewage disposal, Treatment of Sludge, refuse disposal, fermentation pharmacy, rubber plastic, paint, printing and dyeing leather, domestic animal cultivation, food processing, papermaking etc. and produces the industrial trade of a large amount of foul gass and volatile organic matter (VOCs).
Floor space of the present invention is little, and cost is low, and removable, expansible, energy consumption is low, and operating cost is low, highly reliable, easy to maintenance, non-secondary pollution.The present invention adopts integration and modularized design, saves floor occupying area, cost of reducing investment outlay, and may move, and processes flexibly, and saves operating cost.
Adopt gas distribution system step by step from down to up, by waste gas uniformly effective gas distribution, be not easily blocked, be conducive to contaminant degradation.
Adopt two-layer packing layer and multiple compounded mix, promote biofilter Microbial diversity and be conducive to dominant bacteria to be in optimum growh state, it is possible to efficiently remove odorant and VOCs.Under normal circumstances, the odorant clearance such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, methanthiol is up to 90% ~ 99%.
Supporting water-spray system and nutritional solution, pH value balance liquid add-on system, it is ensured that packing microbial activity, make biofilter run with optimum state, efficiently remove pollutant.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1
The structural representation of Tu3Shi filter chamber of the present invention
Fig. 4 is present device cell structure schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
1 biofilter filter chamber, 2 canyons, 3 biofilter housings, bottom 4 filter tanks, percolate is domatic, 5 spray water pots, 6 spray pumps, 7 leachate collection pipes, 8 admission lines, support bracket bottom 9, 10 grids, 11 gas distribution filter screens, 12 compounded mix layers, 13 drip irrigation pipe, 14 top packing layers, 15 top spray pipes, 16 top spray heads, 17 supplement water pipe, 18 nutrient tanks, 19pH value balance flow container, 20 venturi mixers, 21 valves, 22 valves, 23 valves, 24 valves, 25 shower water mains, 26 electromagnetic valves, 27 electromagnetic valves, 28 self-con-tained unit panels, 29 shower water water inlet pipes, 30 shower water outlet pipes, 31 cabinet doors, top cover between 32 canyons
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described,
By Fig. 1-3 it can be seen that the present invention is a cuboid.It is divided into two parts by dividing plate, i.e. filter chamber 1 and canyon 2 in the middle of cuboid.Biofilter shell can be made by rustless steel, fiberglass and other materials, it is possible to bears certain pressure.
Biofilter filter chamber 1 is for be made up of following several parts from top to bottom: percolate catchments domatic 4, leachate collection pipe 7, bottom support bracket 9, grid 10, gas distribution filter screen 11, compounded mix layer 12, drip irrigation pipe 13, top packing layer 14 and top spray pipe 15.
Percolate slope 4 of catchmenting is positioned at biofilter filter chamber 1 bottommost, is used for collecting filtrate percolate to central groove, and connects leachate collection pipe 7, percolate is discharged biofilter.From the side, domatic it is in the shape of the letter V.Domatic and horizontal angle, more than 2 °, domatic adopts concrete, rustless steel, fiberglass, plastic or other material to make.
Being provided with multiple support bracket 9 bottom biofilter filter chamber 1, bottom these, support bracket is connected with base plate and supports the packing layer on top.The bottom material that support bracket can adopt concrete, steel column equal strength is higher.Bottom support bracket is placed above grid 10.Grid is placed above gas distribution filter screen 11.Gas distribution filter screen 11 lay compounded mix layer 12 and 14 top packing layer 14 above.Grid adopts rustless steel or glass fiber material, has certain weight capacity.Gas distribution filter screen adopts plastics, glass fibre or stainless steel material.By gas distribution filter screen, pending gas is evenly distributed, and enters from the bottom up bottom packing layer.
It it is compounded mix layer 12 above gas distribution module.Compounded mix layer adopts particle diameter relatively big such as multiple fillers such as bark, tree root, plastic filler, perlite, zeolites.Adopt combined stuffing can take into account the advantage of various types of filler, make up the defect of single filler, provide good growing environment for microorganism, be conducive to the stable operation of exhaust-gas treatment.
Drip irrigation pipe 13 is positioned on compounded mix layer.It it is top packing layer 14 above drip irrigation pipe.Top packing layer is top spray pipe 15 and top spray head 16, in order to keep top moisture content.The effective support of top spray is fixed on body of wall side.Drip irrigation pipe and top spray head keep compounded mix layer and top moisture content within the scope of 40%-80%.The materials such as the top packing layer employing activated carbon that particle diameter is less, absorbability is stronger, wood flour, kieselguhr are filler.In compounded mix layer, major part odorant and VOCs are by absorption and sorption, degraded.After having arrived top packing layer, pollutant levels are relatively low, now adopt the filler that absorbability is higher, remove remaining odorant and VOCs further, so that discharge gas stable emissions is up to standard.
As shown in Figure 4, canyon 2 is that biofilter filter chamber is separated by with wall, is realize biofilter to process the slave part of waste gas, for introducing waste gas, discharges too much percolate, stores shower water and nutritional solution and equipment controls.Include inside canyon: admission line 8, leachate collection pipe 7, spray water pot 5, spray pump 6, shower water main 25, nutrient tank 18, pH value balance flow container 19, self-con-tained unit panel 28, and multiple pipeline valve.Canyon 2 is towards being externally provided with cabinet door 31, to maintain easily personnel and check, to administer and maintain.Top is provided with canyon top cover 32.Between canyon, side is arranged above admission line 8 interface.Air inlet pipe is extended downward bottom by middle part, then passes in the cloth headroom that bottom the filter chamber of biofilter, support bracket is formed.Pending waste gas enters from the admission line of the side of biofilter, is then passed into bottom the filter chamber of biofilter by central bottom, by grid and gas distribution filter screen, even into compounded mix layer.
Spray water pot 5 is positioned at canyon side, stores and is used for irrigating packing layer, to keep packing layer desired moisture level.Spray water pot is connected with supplementary water pipe 17, supplements water pipe and is connected with external water source plant area reuse water or dechlorination tap water.Shower water can be supplemented at any time by supplementary water pipe.
Spray water pot is connected with the drip irrigation pipe 13 in the middle part of the filter chamber of biofilter and top spray pipe 15 respectively by shower water main 25, spray pump 6, it is achieved filler is watered.Valve 26 connects shower water main 25 and drip irrigation pipe 13, for controlling to enter the water yield of drip irrigation pipe 13.Valve 27 connects shower water main 25 and top spray pipe 15, for controlling the water yield of top spray pipe 15.
Opposite side between canyon is placed as nutrient tank 18 and pH value balance flow container 19.Two flow containers are connected with shower water main 25 respectively by 2 valves 23, valve 24, venturi mixer 20.
Nutrient tank is used for regular replenishment packing microbial desired nutritional material and trace element, such as nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, ferrum, copper, zinc, cobalt etc..When bio-filter stuffing requires supplementation with nutritional labeling, Open valve 24, to close valve 22, open spray pump 6, Open valve 21, by venturi mixer 20, nutritional solution is drawn out of and mixes with shower water, is uniformly added in filler by spray system.
PH value balance flow container storage pH buffer solution, is used for controlling filler pH for neutrality.Owing to acidic materials can be produced when pollutant such as microbial degradation sulfide, cause that filler pH value reduces, affect microorganism normal growth, be unfavorable for that stench and volatile organic matter (VOCs) are removed.Therefore, need to supplement pH value balance liquid keeps packing microbial to be in normal growth conditions, it is ensured that the removal efficiency of odorant and volatile organic matter (VOCs).PH value balance flow container 19 is connected with venturi mixer 20 by valve 23.When needs regulate biofilter pH value, open valve 23, close 22 valves, opening spray pump 6, Open valve 21, by venturi mixer 20, pH value balance liquid is drawn out of, pH value balance liquid and shower water are sufficiently mixed, and then packing layer are watered, it is achieved the pH value of bio-filter stuffing regulates.
In the upper and lower two-layer filler in biofilter, humidity sensor all can be installed.According to sensor signal, by automaton 28, opening spray pump 6, valve 26 and/or valve 27, being automatically adjusted water spray, thus reaching optimum humidity scope.
Claims (1)
1. a bacteria filter device for purifying malodorous gas and volatile organic matter (VOCs), including filter chamber and canyon, is characterized in that, filter chamber, gas distribution system, bio-filter stuffing domatic by bottom percolate and irrigation device from top to bottom form;Percolate is domatic bottom filter chamber, and side is seen and is in the shape of the letter V, and is percolating pipe, to collect the domatic percolate collected in the middle of bottom;Gas distribution system is positioned at bottom filter chamber, on percolate is domatic, is made up of bottom support bracket, grid and gas distribution net;Bio-filter stuffing is positioned on gas distribution system, is divided into two-layer from top to bottom: compounded mix layer and top packing layer;Microorganism is attached on bio-filter stuffing and grows, and by adsorbing, absorbing, transformation removes odorant and volatile organic matter (VOCs);Irrigation device includes drip irrigation pipe and shower, and drip irrigation pipe is between compounded mix layer and top packing layer, and shower is positioned at top;Canyon includes spray water pot, nutrient tank, pH value balance flow container, pipeline, pump, valve and automaton;Spray water pot is by connecting pump, shower water pipeline and valve, and is connected with the drip irrigation pipe in filter chamber and shower, by self-con-tained unit, keeps the skin wet for the bio-filter stuffing layer in filter chamber, keeps suitable humidity;Nutrient tank, pH value balance flow container is connected with spray header by venturi mixer, valve, Additional nutrient solution and pH balance liquid is watered by shower water, to guarantee that there is the nutritional labeling of abundance biofilter, keep pH value neutral, make microorganism be in optimum growh state;Equipment room side is exhaust gas inlet, leads to the gas distribution system bottom filter chamber through air inlet pipe.
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106110877A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2016-11-16 | 青岛华世洁环保科技有限公司 | A kind of container-type bacteria bed |
CN106362581A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-01 | 北京北林绿源生态技术研究院有限责任公司 | Biofilter packing composition |
CN109529601A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-03-29 | 巩义市欧洁源环保技术服务有限公司 | A method of using biofilter integrated treatment foul gas |
CN112263905A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-26 | 杭州众衡环境科技有限公司 | Treatment device and method suitable for high-concentration odor |
CN113144850A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-07-23 | 上海中耀环保实业有限公司 | Efficient oxidation and biological filtration multiplication deodorization system and process thereof |
WO2022017819A1 (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2022-01-27 | Hartmann Biofilter GmbH & Co. KG | Biofilter for biologically cleaning a waste gas stream containing contaminants |
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CN205517242U (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2016-08-31 | 王海英 | Purify foul gas and volatile organic compounds's biological filter device |
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CN201445915U (en) * | 2009-04-27 | 2010-05-05 | 孙绍堂 | Integrative biological-washing filtration and deodorization device |
CN101703888A (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2010-05-12 | 浙江大学 | Biochemical waste gas deodorizing purification bed and biological deodorizing method |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106110877A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2016-11-16 | 青岛华世洁环保科技有限公司 | A kind of container-type bacteria bed |
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WO2022017819A1 (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2022-01-27 | Hartmann Biofilter GmbH & Co. KG | Biofilter for biologically cleaning a waste gas stream containing contaminants |
CN112263905A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-26 | 杭州众衡环境科技有限公司 | Treatment device and method suitable for high-concentration odor |
CN113144850A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-07-23 | 上海中耀环保实业有限公司 | Efficient oxidation and biological filtration multiplication deodorization system and process thereof |
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Application publication date: 20160629 |