CN109529601A - A method of using biofilter integrated treatment foul gas - Google Patents

A method of using biofilter integrated treatment foul gas Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109529601A
CN109529601A CN201811590342.8A CN201811590342A CN109529601A CN 109529601 A CN109529601 A CN 109529601A CN 201811590342 A CN201811590342 A CN 201811590342A CN 109529601 A CN109529601 A CN 109529601A
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biofilter
compounded mix
foul gas
integrated treatment
gas
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李朝辉
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Gongyi Eu Jie Yuan Environmental Protection Technology Service Co Ltd
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Gongyi Eu Jie Yuan Environmental Protection Technology Service Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/84—Biological processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
    • B01D53/44—Organic components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54—Nitrogen compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/95—Specific microorganisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D2257/306—Organic sulfur compounds, e.g. mercaptans
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/90—Odorous compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/708
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of methods using biofilter integrated treatment foul gas, this method comprises: volcanic rock, active carbon, decomposed mushroom bran, lime stone 1) are mixed and made into compounded mix；2) compounded mix layer will be formed on the porous plate inside compounded mix landfill to biofilter；3) it is passed through after humidifying fresh air in biofilter, runs 48-60h under room temperature, complete starting；4) it is passed through after humidifying foul gas in biofilter, runs 10-12d under room temperature, complete domestication；Adjustment gas residence time is 14-18s, continuous service.Compounded mix used in this method is not easy to collapse compacting, and the replacement cycle is long, has good buffer capacity and high stability；When handling foul gas, starting and acclimation period are short, without additional inoculation and Additional nutrient solution, to H2S and NH3Removal effect it is good, at low cost, operation and maintenance are simple and convenient, with good economic efficiency and environmental benefit.

Description

A method of using biofilter integrated treatment foul gas
Technical field
The invention belongs to foul gas processing technology fields, and in particular to a kind of to be disliked using biofilter integrated treatment The method of odour.
Background technique
Stench refers to the olfactory organ that can stimulate people, generally causes unhappy or detests feeling, damages the gas of human health Taste；Odorant pollutant generally has feature osmophore, typical sulfenyl and sulfydryl as in sulfur-containing compound, oxygenatedchemicals In hydroxyl, aldehyde radical and carboxyl etc., feature osmophore and olfactory epithelium cell surface interact, and is formed to stimulate and is simultaneously transmitted to maincenter Nervous system, so as to cause stench smell.
Odor polluting source is widely distributed, mainly include the following types: farming and animal husbandry and its secondary industry, such as livestock and poultry farm are slaughtered Slaughterhouse, meat-packing plant etc. decompose the dirty with the smelly and corrupt smelly stench of excrement of generation by animal wastes, rim charge microbiological anaerobic Contaminate object；Chemical engineering industry, such as chemical plant, chemical storage, oil paint coating, papermaking and petroleum works release foul waste gas, It mainly include volatility organic sulfur-containing, nitrogenous and other oxygen-containing class VOCs；Municipal communal facility, at refuse landfill, sewage Manage sulfur-bearing, the nitrogenous foul gas of the discharge of the waste treatment facilities such as factory, garbage compression station and composting plant.Most of odorant pollutants With lower olfact, trace concentration can also make one to generate discomfort, as the public constantly mentions to what living environment quality required Height, odor pollution gradually obtains extensive concern, and regards as seven big public hazards (atmosphere pollution, water pollution, soil by many countries One of pollution, noise pollution, vibration, land subsidence, stench).
Currently, the method for processing foul gas mainly has physical method, chemical method and bioanalysis three classes, physical method, which refers to, not to be changed The chemical property for becoming odorant is handled, such as dilution method, masking method, absorption method and condensation method；Chemical method is using another A kind of substance is reacted with odorant generates new odorless, innocuous substance, such as absorption process, oxidizing process and combustion method.It is physico Method haves the defects that cost big, odorant removal with high investment is not thorough, is also easy to produce secondary pollution.Bioanalysis is using micro- The metabolic degradation effect of biology, odorant decomposition and inversion at CO2、H2O、N2, nitrate, the harmless or low harmful object such as sulfate Matter, compared with traditional physico-chemical process, with high treating effect, simple to operate, investment operating cost is low, energy consumption Less, many advantages, such as without secondary pollution, development potentiality are huge.
Bio-filter technology in bioanalysis refers to foul gas by porous aggregate layer, and filler surface adheres to one layer by not With population microorganism group at biomembrane, odorant after gas phase is transferred to biomembrane, through microbial physiology metabolism turn Simple inorganic matter is turned to, if hydrogen sulfide is converted into sulfate, ammonia is converted into nitrate etc..Bio-filter technology is commonly biological Reactor mainly has biofilter, bio-trickling filter and biological scrubber, and first two applies relatively broad and technique more phase Seemingly, maximum difference is biofilter using organic filler, does not need continuous supplementation nutrition, operating cost is low, but organic The indigenous microorganism domestication time of filler is long, and being easy to happen biodegrade leads to filling compaction, crushing increase, filler acidification, goes Except effect declines.Bio-trickling filter uses inorganic filler, and inertia is big, can keep preventing metabolite product compared with low pressure drop for a long time There is advantage in terms of involving biomass control, but be mentioned since inorganic filler can not be grown without indigenous microorganism for microorganism For nutrition, when starting, needs to be inoculated with strain, and starting speed is slow, and when operation needs liquid phase without interruption to supplement the nutrients, and increases behaviour Make difficulty and operating cost.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method using biofilter integrated treatment foul gas, starts and tame and docile The change period is short, good to the removal effect of odorant pollutant, easy to operate.
To achieve the goals above, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A method of using biofilter integrated treatment foul gas, comprising the following steps:
1) remaining edible fungus stick crushes to obtain mushroom bran after gathering in mushroom, and the chicken manure of mushroom bran quality 10%-15% is added After the activated sludge mixing of mushroom bran quality 12%-15%, adjustment water content is 65%-70%, and compost fermentation obtains decomposed bacterium Chaff；
Each raw material is mixed according to following mass percent, compounded mix is made: volcanic rock 38%-40%, active carbon 9.2%-11.0%, decomposed mushroom bran 48%-50%, lime stone 0.8%-1.0%；The water content for adjusting compounded mix is 55%- 60%；
2) compounded mix layer will be formed on the porous plate inside compounded mix landfill to biofilter obtained by step 1), it is multiple The height for closing packing layer is not less than 0.5m, and filling density is 500-900kg/m3；
3) it is passed through in biofilter from below after humidifying fresh air, passes through compounded mix layer, empty bed from bottom to top Residence time is 15-20s, runs 48-60h under room temperature, completes starting；
4) it is passed through in biofilter from below after humidifying foul gas, passes through compounded mix layer, gas from bottom to top Residence time is 22-26s, runs 10-12d under room temperature, completes domestication；Adjustment gas residence time is 14-18s, is continued Operation.
In step 1), the edible fungus stick refers to oyster mushroom bacteria stick or needle mushroom bacteria stick.The edible fungus stick it is original Culture medium is using corncob or bagasse as primary raw material, the quality percentage of corncob or bagasse in original culture medium solid material Than being not less than 70%.
In step 1), it is 5-15mm that bacteria stick, which is crushed to partial size,.
In step 1), the partial size of volcanic rock used is 5-15mm；The active carbon is graininess, and partial size is not less than 2.0mm. Preferably, the partial size of the active carbon is 2.0-6.0mm.
Preferably, in step 2), the height of the compounded mix layer is 0.5-1.5m.Further, the compounded mix The height of layer is 0.6-1.2m.The height of effective packing layer is too low, and the odorant pollutant in gas has little time mass transfer into filler Biomembrane, removal effect is bad；Effective packing layer is excessively high, and bottom filling is easy compacting, and process of the gas in packing layer It is too long, increase pressure drop, need bigger driving force, increases cost.Under normal conditions, the pressure drop of biofilter is no more than 1kPa It can operate normally.
Preferably, the preferred 600-800kg/m of filling density of compounded mix layer3.Loading density should be slightly bigger than compounded mix Bulk density under natural conditions loads the excessive easy compacting of density, increases pressure drop；It is too small to load density, influences mass transfer.This In invention, the filling density ratio large bulk density 50-100kg/m of compounded mix3。
In step 2), anti-blocking layer is additionally provided between porous plate and compounded mix layer, the anti-blocking layer is 10- by partial size The gravel pack of 20mm forms, and the height of anti-blocking layer is 8-15cm.The effect of anti-blocking layer be by compounded mix layer and porous plate every It opens, prevents porous plate from blocking, while its porous structure disperses air inlet uniformity, makes together with porous plate as gas distributor With.
In step 3) and step 4), it is intermittent from top to compounded mix spray water or buffer agent solution, control compound The humidity of filler is not less than 40%, and pH value is not less than 3.0.Intermittence herein refers to that sprinkling in 1-2 months is primary.
Contained buffer is urea, NaOH or NaHCO in the buffer agent solution3。
In step 4), in the foul gas, H2The concentration of S is not more than 0.5g/m3, the concentration of NH is no more than 0.5g/m3。
The method that the present invention uses biofilter integrated treatment foul gas, using volcanic rock, active carbon, decomposed bacterium Chaff, lime stone are mixed with compounded mix according to a certain ratio, and wherein volcanic rock is skeleton filler, utilize its intensity and porous knot Structure plays a supportive role, and reduces filling compaction, prevents pressure drop from increasing；It is made a living simultaneously using its huge specific surface area and high porosity Object film provides attachment carrier, increases biomembrane area, improves mass transfer.Active carbon is adsorption stuffing, on the one hand utilizes its strong absorption Odorant pollutant (such as H is adsorbed in effect during biofilter filters foul gas2S、NH3Deng), it improves to odorant Removal ability, increase operational process in antipollution load fluctuation impact capacity, improve the operation stability of biofilter；Separately One side granular activated carbon also has biggish specific surface area and high porosity, mixes as filler with other raw materials, also can The compaction of filler is reduced, buffering is increased.Decomposed mushroom bran after remaining edible fungus stick crushes after being gathered in by mushroom with chicken manure, Activated sludge mixing, compost fermentation are made, and nutriment rich in and diversified mixed microorganism population are (such as from chicken manure Middle introducing energy sorption enhanced NH3Microorganism, introducing from activated sludge can sorption enhanced H2The microorganism of S), decomposed mushroom bran is close Spend that small, porosity is high, water holding water holding capacity is strong, and microbial population has been combined closely with nutriment substrate, homoepitaxial, with It is used after the mixing of other raw materials as compounded mix, diversified mixed microorganism population is easy to be tamed according to target, proliferation speed Degree is fast, and processing exhaust gas effect is good.Addition lime stone is used to improve the buffer capacity of filler, and filler is prevented to be acidified.
The method that the present invention uses biofilter integrated treatment foul gas, by compounded mix landfill to biofiltration Compounded mix layer is formed on porous plate inside device, is passed through in biofilter from below after fresh air is humidified, from lower Upper by compounded mix layer, the empty bed residence time is 15-20s, runs 48-60h under room temperature, starting can be completed.This is opened Dynamic process makes decomposed mushroom bran bring diversification biotic population redistribute, activate in compounded mix, and in volcanic rock, work Property carbon surface adhere to, colonize, grow, biotic population Relative distribution in entire compounded mix layer is uniform, for the later period domestication carry out Prepare.Then it is passed through in biofilter from below after foul gas being humidified, from bottom to top by compounded mix layer, gas stops Staying the time is 22-26s, runs 10-12d under room temperature, completes domestication.Domestication process induction objective microbe is proliferated into excellent Gesture flora, the domestication time is short, and domestication can be completed in 10-12d, simple to operate.After the completion of domestication, exhaust gas residence time is adjusted For 14-18s, biofilter is still able to maintain higher odorant pollutant removal rate, increases foul gas treating capacity and pollution Load improves treatment effeciency.
The method that the present invention uses biofilter integrated treatment foul gas, using volcanic rock, active carbon, decomposed bacterium Chaff, lime stone are mixed with compounded mix, which has preferable intensity and support force on the whole, and packing layer is not easy to collapse Compacting is fallen into, pressure drop is small, and the replacement cycle is long；With biggish specific surface area and porosity, suction-operated is strong, so that biofilter With good buffer capacity and high stability, anti-pollution load impact, when handling foul gas, starting and acclimation period It is short, normal operating condition can be entered faster.The diversified biotic population for being directed to foul gas is introduced by decomposed mushroom bran, is not necessarily to Additional inoculation, is easy to tame；The nutriments such as organic matter rich in mushroom bran, without additional Additional nutrient solution, to evil The removal effect of smelly pollutant is good, and removal efficiency is high.This method takes full advantage of the solid waste mushroom bran system of edible mushroom industry Standby compounded mix, turns waste into wealth, and at low cost, operation and maintenance are simple and convenient, with good economic efficiency and environmental benefit, is suitble to It is used for the municipal odor polluting sources such as communal facility and farm such as sewage treatment plant, garbage compression station, garbage transfer station.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described further With reference to embodiment.
In specific embodiment, edible fungus stick used is needle mushroom bacteria stick, the original culture medium of affiliated needle mushroom bacteria stick It is composed of the following parts by weight: 75 parts of corncob (crushing), 20 parts of wheat bran, 3.5 parts of maize flour, 2 parts of land plaster, soya bean 1.5 parts of face, 1 part of calcium superphosphate, 1 part of white sugar；After white sugar is dissolved in water, mixed in proportion with remaining raw material, adjusting contains Water is 65%, packs to obtain cultivating bag after the bored 2h of heap.Cultivating bag is sterilized, both ends are inoculated with, and grows 25- under the conditions of 20-25 DEG C 30 days mycelium can purseful, be full period bacterium germination；The cultivating bag of full period bacterium germination through management of producing mushroom (specifically: solution bag turnup, heap bag Toga, moisturizing flower bud, lift film ventilation, toga promotees handle, harvesting mushroom, mycelium stimulation are poured water, moisturizing flower bud), to harvesting 3 batches of mushrooms.
Chicken manure used is the fresh chicken manure for being derived from neighbouring chicken farm, water content 60%.Activated sludge used is derived from certain dirt The sludge concentration tank of water treatment plant, water content 97%.
The compost fermentation is by the mixture stacking of mushroom bran and chicken manure, activated sludge, is highly 1.2m, width 2m, Length is 5m, and artificial turning is divulged information (every 7d turning is primary), after heap body after 30d high temperature, when temperature is down to 45 DEG C or less, and powder Broken (5-15mm) obtains decomposed mushroom bran.
The partial size of volcanic rock used is 5-15mm, bulk density 740kg/m3, porosity 70%, specific surface area 24.3m2/g。 Active carbon used is that raw material is granular activated carbon made of anthracite, partial size 3.0-6.0mm, bulk density 557kg/m3。
In specific embodiment, particle size range refers to the screenings of the oversize of lower limit, the upper limit.Room temperature refers to 20-25 DEG C.
In specific embodiment, foul gas to be processed is the foul gas that garbage compression station generates.Interior diameter 1.0m Cylindrical biofilter be mounted on the roof of garbage compression station, by blower will foul gas be oriented to humidifier after enter Biofilter is handled.Charge flow rate is 180m3/ h, H2The inlet gas concentration of S is 45-55mg/m3；NH3Inlet gas concentration be 200-220mg/m3。
When designing biofilter, volume=charge flow rate × gas residence time (gas herein of compounded mix layer The body residence time is the gas residence time of formal operation phase)=(180m3/ h) × (15s)=0.75m3.As needed answers The height that the interior diameter of the volume and bioreactor of closing packing layer calculates the compounded mix layer needed is 0.955m, is taken herein 0.95m。
Embodiment 1
The method using biofilter integrated treatment foul gas of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
1) it is that 5-10mm obtains mushroom bran that remaining needle mushroom bacteria stick, which is crushed to partial size, after gathering in the 3rd batch of needle mushroom, in mushroom bran After the middle activated sludge mixing that the chicken manure that quality is mushroom bran quality 10% and mushroom bran quality 12% is added, adjustment water content is 65%, compost fermentation obtains decomposed mushroom bran；
Each raw material is mixed according to following mass percent, compounded mix is made: volcanic rock 38%, active carbon 11%, corruption Ripe mushroom bran 50%, lime stone 1%；The water content for adjusting compounded mix is 60%；The bulk density of compounded mix is 557.1kg/ m3；
2) gravel that partial size is 10-20mm is first loaded on the porous plate inside biofilter, loading height is 10cm, Form anti-blocking layer；Again by compounded mix landfill to anti-blocking layer obtained by step 1), every filling 20cm height is gently pushed, and is formed The height of compounded mix layer, final compounded mix layer (being free of anti-blocking layer) is 0.95m, and filling density is 650kg/m3；
3) it is passed through in biofilter from below after fresh air being humidified (relative humidity reaches 95% saturation degree), under And it is upper by compounded mix layer, the empty bed residence time is 20s, runs 48h under room temperature, completes starting；
4) it is passed through biofiltration from below after foul gas to be processed being humidified (relative humidity reaches 95% saturation degree) In device, from bottom to top by compounded mix layer, gas residence time 24s runs 11d under room temperature, completes domestication；Adjustment Gas residence time is 15s, continuous service；Compounded mix layer moisture content is controlled during operation is not less than 40%.
Embodiment 2
The method using biofilter integrated treatment foul gas of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
1) it is that 5-10mm obtains mushroom bran that remaining needle mushroom bacteria stick, which is crushed to partial size, after gathering in the 3rd batch of needle mushroom, in mushroom bran After the middle activated sludge mixing that the chicken manure that quality is mushroom bran quality 9% and mushroom bran quality 13% is added, adjustment water content is 65%, Compost fermentation obtains decomposed mushroom bran；
Each raw material is mixed according to following mass percent, compounded mix is made: volcanic rock 40%, active carbon 9.2%, corruption Ripe mushroom bran 50%, lime stone 0.8%；The water content for adjusting compounded mix is 60%；The bulk density of compounded mix is 582.4kg/m3；
2) gravel that partial size is 10-20mm is first loaded on the porous plate inside biofilter, loading height is 10cm, Form anti-blocking layer；Again by compounded mix landfill to anti-blocking layer obtained by step 1), every filling 20cm height is gently pushed, and is formed The height of compounded mix layer, final compounded mix layer (being free of anti-blocking layer) is 0.95m, and filling density is 650kg/m3；
3) it is passed through in biofilter from below after fresh air being humidified (relative humidity reaches 95% saturation degree), under And it is upper by compounded mix layer, the empty bed residence time is 18s, runs 54h under room temperature, completes starting；
4) it is passed through biofiltration from below after foul gas to be processed being humidified (relative humidity reaches 95% saturation degree) In device, from bottom to top by compounded mix layer, gas residence time 22s runs 12d under room temperature, completes domestication；Adjustment Exhaust gas residence time is 15s, continuous service；Compounded mix layer moisture content is controlled during operation is not less than 40%.
Embodiment 3
The method using biofilter integrated treatment foul gas of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
1) it is 5-10mm that remaining needle mushroom bacteria stick, which is crushed to partial size, after gathering in the 3rd batch of needle mushroom, mushroom bran is obtained, in mushroom bran After the middle activated sludge mixing that the chicken manure that quality is mushroom bran quality 8% and mushroom bran quality 15% is added, adjustment water content is 65%, Compost fermentation obtains decomposed mushroom bran；
Each raw material is mixed according to following mass percent, compounded mix is made: volcanic rock 39%, active carbon 10.1%, Decomposed mushroom bran 50%, lime stone 0.9%；The water content for adjusting compounded mix is 60%；The bulk density of compounded mix is 570.8kg/m3；
2) gravel that partial size is 10-20mm is first loaded on the porous plate inside biofilter, loading height is 10cm, Form anti-blocking layer；Again by compounded mix landfill to anti-blocking layer obtained by step 1), every filling 20cm height is gently pushed, and is formed The height of compounded mix layer, final compounded mix layer (being free of anti-blocking layer) is 0.95m, and filling density is 650kg/m3；
3) it is passed through in biofilter from below after fresh air being humidified (relative humidity reaches 95% saturation degree), under And it is upper by compounded mix layer, the empty bed residence time is 15s, runs 60h under room temperature, completes starting；
4) it is passed through biofiltration from below after foul gas to be processed being humidified (relative humidity reaches 95% saturation degree) In device, from bottom to top by compounded mix layer, exhaust gas residence time 26s runs 10d under room temperature, completes domestication；Adjustment Exhaust gas residence time is 15s, continuous service；Compounded mix layer moisture content is controlled during operation is not less than 40%.
In above-described embodiment, biofilter used is in the setting of the top of compounded mix layer for spraying to compounded mix layer The flusher of liquid.It is monthly primary to compounded mix layer spray water by uppermost spray device during biofilter is run, Water-spraying amount is the 10%-20% of compounded mix layer quality (above-described embodiment takes 10%)；Biofiltration is detected before spray water The pH value of diffusate or fine crushing material below device from porous plate exudation drippage is then added in spray water if pH value is lower than 3.0 Appropriate buffer is neutralized.
Through detecting, embodiment 1-3 uses the treatment effect such as table 1 of the method for biofilter integrated treatment foul gas It is shown.H2The detection method of S is sub-methyl blue spectrum analysis；NH3Detection method be Berthelot spectrophotometry, specifically Referring to " the measurement Berthelot spectrophotometry of surrounding air and discarded ammonia " (HG533-2009).
1 embodiment 1-3 of table uses the treatment effect of the method for biofilter integrated treatment foul gas
Note: the N in table 1 represents " being not detected ", it is meant that without target substance or content beyond detection in detected gas Limit.
Since above-mentioned detection process calculate number of days (without start-up course) being passed through foul gas, since compounded mix has Stronger suction-operated and higher adsorption capacity, the preceding 1-3d for taming process are mainly filled out the removal effect of pollutant by compound The suction-operated of material is contributed, and removal rate is almost 100%, on day 4 when basically reach adsorption saturation, therefore detect for the first time It is being passed through foul gas the 5th day, detection in every 5 days is primary, until system even running.
As it can be seen from table 1 the biofilter of embodiment 1-3 is in the foul gas and fortune for being passed through garbage compression station generation At row the 5th day, to NH3Removal rate have reached 98% or more, illustrate that the growth rate of nitrobacteria in compounded mix is very fast, tame and docile The change period is short, can quickly reach higher NH3Removal rate；To H at the 5th day2The removal rate of S is 70% or so, due to H2S is acid Property gas, on the basis of compounded mix suction-operated, with ammonia occur neutralization of acid with base and remove, at this time in compounded mix Sulfur oxidizing bacterium is also seldom, is not removal H2The main force of S, biofilter is also in the domestication stage.The biofiltration of embodiment 1-3 Device is when running the 10th day, to H2S and NH3Removal rate reach 99% or more, domestication is completed.To improve biofilter Treating capacity shortens gas residence time and continues to test after the transitional period the 15th day and the 20th day to 15s, is keeping stench Gas inlet pollutant concentration in a certain range under the premise of, discharge gas in H is not detected2S and NH3Concentration value, meaning In detected gas without target substance or content beyond detection limit, to H2S and NH3Removal rate close to 100%, system Normal and efficient operation.Testing result shows the method pair of the invention using biofilter integrated treatment foul gas H in foul gas2S and NH3With good removal effect, and bioreactor starting and domestication time are short, operation and maintenance Simply, at low cost, it is suitble to promote the use of.
In above-described embodiment, the pressure drop that biofilter operates normally is no more than 200Pa (pressure drop wave between 50-150Pa It is dynamic), it is far below 1kPa.It is out of service if the pressure drop of biofilter is more than 1kPa (after operation 3-5), take compounded mix layer The middle filler (choosing the packing layer that the segment thickness is 0.3m) between the 0.1-0.4m of layer top is retained, remaining is given up, and gives up Partial quality is supplied and after mixing by additional fillers, is recharged and is started, can restore to operate normally in 72h.It is described Additional fillers are consistent with corresponding compounded mix raw material composition, the difference is that using in fresh mushroom bran alternative composite filler Decomposed mushroom bran；The fresh mushroom bran is that remaining edible fungus stick directly crushes gained mushroom bran after gathering in mushroom.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of method using biofilter integrated treatment foul gas, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
1) remaining edible fungus stick crushes to obtain mushroom bran after gathering in mushroom, and the chicken manure and mushroom bran of mushroom bran quality 8%-10% is added After the activated sludge mixing of quality 12%-15%, adjustment water content is 65%-70%, and compost fermentation obtains decomposed mushroom bran；
Each raw material is mixed according to following mass percent, compounded mix is made: volcanic rock 38%-40%, active carbon 9.2%- 11.0%, decomposed mushroom bran 48%-50%, lime stone 0.8%-1.0%；The water content for adjusting compounded mix is 55%-60%；
2) compounded mix layer will be formed on the porous plate inside compounded mix landfill to biofilter obtained by step 1), it is compound to fill out The height of the bed of material is not less than 0.5m, and filling density is 500-900kg/m3；
3) it is passed through in biofilter from below after humidifying fresh air, from bottom to top by compounded mix layer, empty bed is stopped Time is 15-20s, runs 48-60h under room temperature, completes starting；
4) it is passed through in biofilter from below after humidifying foul gas, from bottom to top by compounded mix layer, gas is stopped Time is 22-26s, runs 10-12d under room temperature, completes domestication；Adjustment gas residence time is 14-18s, continuous service.
2. the method according to claim 1 using biofilter integrated treatment foul gas, it is characterised in that: step It is rapid 1) in, the edible fungus stick refers to oyster mushroom bacteria stick or needle mushroom bacteria stick.
3. the method according to claim 1 using biofilter integrated treatment foul gas, it is characterised in that: step It is rapid 1) in, bacteria stick be crushed to partial size be 5-15mm.
4. the method according to claim 1 using biofilter integrated treatment foul gas, it is characterised in that: step It is rapid 1) in, the partial size of volcanic rock used is 5-15mm；The active carbon is graininess, and partial size is not less than 2.0mm.
5. the method according to claim 1 using biofilter integrated treatment foul gas, it is characterised in that: step It is rapid 2) in, be additionally provided with anti-blocking layer between porous plate and compounded mix layer, the anti-blocking layer is filled out by the gravel that partial size is 10-20mm It fills, the height of anti-blocking layer is 8-15cm.
6. the method according to claim 1 using biofilter integrated treatment foul gas, it is characterised in that: step It is rapid 3) and step 4) in, it is intermittent from top to compounded mix spray water or buffer agent solution, control the humidity of compounded mix Not less than 40%, pH value is not less than 3.0.
7. the method according to claim 6 using biofilter integrated treatment foul gas, it is characterised in that: institute Stating contained buffer in buffer agent solution is urea, NaOH or NaHCO3。
8. the method according to claim 1 using biofilter integrated treatment foul gas, it is characterised in that: step It is rapid 4) in, in the foul gas, H2The concentration of S is not more than 0.5g/m3, NH3Concentration be not more than 0.5g/m3。
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