CN105707898A - 具有排毒通肠功能的益生菌组合物及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
具有排毒通肠功能的益生菌组合物及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105707898A CN105707898A CN201610074823.8A CN201610074823A CN105707898A CN 105707898 A CN105707898 A CN 105707898A CN 201610074823 A CN201610074823 A CN 201610074823A CN 105707898 A CN105707898 A CN 105707898A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种具有排毒通肠功能的益生菌组合物及其制备方法与应用,该益生菌组合物包含如下质量百分比计的组分:益生菌干粉60~70%,芦荟提取物粉20~30%,大黄提取物粉10~20%。有益菌和中药是两类国际公认的益生物质,两者作用机理一脉相通,在具体使用过程中也能完美互补,共同发挥优势。本发明将益生菌与中药完美结合,利用中药的增菌作用,促进益生菌增殖,调节肠内微生态平衡,从而达到排毒通肠的效果。
Description
【技术领域】
本发明属于本发明属于生物医药领域,具体涉及一种具有排毒通肠功能的益生菌组合物及其制备方法与应用。
【背景技术】
随着经济水平的发展,生活水平的提高,近30年来由肠道失调引起的疾病在日渐增加,己经成为一个世界范围内的医学和公共卫生学问题。在某些因素影响下,肠道微生物生态系统被破坏,所引起的病理状态称为肠道菌群失调。产生原因众多,可分为宿主和菌群两方面。宿主包括病理状态(如感染、应激和损伤等)和各种治疗措施(如胃肠手术、免疫抑制剂、激素、放化疗等);菌群包括外籍菌入侵,抗菌药物的影响及某种菌过度繁殖等。肠道菌群失调进而致使胃肠免疫功能降低,有害菌群“乘机”繁殖,侵害胃肠粘膜,从而引发胃肠炎症、溃疡等疾病,出现胃酸、胃胀、腹痛、便秘、腹泻等一系列消化系统问题。但是,目前治疗肠道菌群失调的药物往往存在副作用,对肠道健康有害。因此,寻求更安全、更有效治疗肠道菌群失调的方法,对人类的健康就显得尤为重要。
婴儿双歧杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、凝结芽孢杆菌等益生菌黏附于微绒毛的刷状缘和黏膜层不被肠蠕动冲走,是拮抗肠道病原微生物定植及集群生长的先决条件,并且对免疫调节及促进受损黏膜的修复都很重要。另外,它们还具有多种生物拮抗功能,如酸性代谢产物(乙酸、乳酸、短链脂肪酸等)降低肠道局部pH和产生具有广谱抗菌作用的物质,如亲脂分子、小菌素、过氧化氢、二乙酰、二氧化碳、乙醛等。这些物质对肠道内的大肠埃希菌、沙门菌、链球菌等均有抑菌或杀菌作用,还可降低腐败菌的生长,减少有害物质的产生,降低内毒素,改善肝功能。因此,益生菌制剂可以作为一种改善肠道健康的新疗法,并且具有来源安全、效果显著、无任何毒副作用等优点。
芦荟中的芦荟大黄素甙(aloin)、芦荟大黄素(emodin)等有效成分起着增进食欲、大肠缓泄作用。大黄主要包括蒽醌苷和双蒽醌苷等有效成分,能增加肠蠕动,抑制肠内水分吸收,促进排便。两者均具有毒副作用小、材料容易获得且可长期服用等优势。
传统上中药的使用,绝大多数以方剂的形式通过口服吸收而发挥作用,中药中的有效成分在进入肠道之后不可避免地与肠道菌群发生关联,某些成分经相应细菌的作用发生生物转化后被吸收,因此,体内环境中肠道菌群是完成中药有效成分生物转化的重要因素之一。有益菌和中药是两类国际公认的益生物质,两者在基本理论观点上极为相似、一脉相通;在作用机理上显示极大的统一性;在具体使用过程中也能完美互补,共同发挥优势。因而中药对于有益菌而言,是绝佳的益生元。本发明将益生菌与中药完美结合,找出了具有明显排毒通肠效果的益生菌组合物配方。
【发明内容】
本发明的目的在于提供一种具有排毒通肠功能的益生菌组合物,该组合物能够有效改善肠道菌群平衡,促进肠道健康。
本发明的另一目的在于提供上述具有排毒通肠功能的益生菌组合物的制备方法。
本发明的再一目的在于提供上述具有排毒通肠功能的益生菌组合物的应用。
本发明的目的通过下述技术方案实现:
一种具有排毒通肠功能的益生菌组合物,其特征在于:包含如下按质量百分比计的组分:益生菌干粉60~70%,芦荟提取物粉20~30%,大黄提取物粉10~20%。
作为优选方案,它包含如下按质量百分比计的组分:益生菌干粉70%,芦荟提取物粉20%,大黄提取物粉10%。
进一步地,所述益生菌干粉由婴儿双歧杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、凝结芽孢杆菌按质量比为1:1:1的比例组成。
本发明还提供一种具有排毒通肠功能的益生菌组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:它包含如下步骤:
(1)选料:选取含有婴儿双歧杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、凝结芽孢杆菌的益生菌干粉,优质芦荟提取物粉,大黄提取物粉;
(2)过筛:将选好的益生菌干粉、芦荟提取物粉、大黄提取物粉分别过80~100目筛;
(3)配料:将过筛后的益生菌干粉、芦荟提取物粉、大黄提取物粉称量备用;所述各组分质量百分比为益生菌干粉60~70%,芦荟提取物粉20~30%,大黄提取物粉10~20%;
(4)混合:将配好的原料于三维混合机中混合至色泽均匀一致,无色差,即得到具有排毒通肠功能的益生菌组合物。
所述的益生菌干粉可以通过购买上市的原料或自行摸索制备工艺的方式获得,本发明对所选的益生菌干粉的制备工艺进行了优化,所述益生菌干粉制备方法步骤如下:
1)分别将婴儿双歧杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、凝结芽孢杆菌经培养基活化后,接种于发酵培养基中,振荡培养,使菌体浓度达到对数生长期0.5~1.0×109cfu/ml;
2)将步骤1)中各菌种发酵液混合后离心,弃上清,菌体沉淀洗涤,离心,灭菌,得菌泥;
3)配制干粉保护剂;
4)将干粉保护剂和菌泥混合,进行成膜反应,然后,将混合物预冻,再冷冻干燥,制成具有包埋层的活性益生菌干粉;
其中,步骤3)所述的干粉保护剂的配方组成为:β-环状糊精10g、乳糖2-5g、海藻糖0.5-2g、酵母膏0.5-2g、维生素E0.05-0.1g、蒸馏水100mL。
本发明还提供一种上述具有排毒通肠功能的益生菌组合物在制备排毒通肠食品/保健品中的应用。
进一步地,所述具有排毒通肠功能的益生菌组合物使用在粉剂、片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒、冲剂、果冻、饮料、乳制品、酸奶或小点心烘烤品中;所述的保健品为粉剂、片剂、胶囊剂、液体剂、悬浮液、乳剂、口服液、果冻或冲剂中任一种。
本发明还提供一种排毒通肠食品/保健品,其特征在于:它包含上述具有排毒通肠功能的益生菌组合物。
芦荟提取物粉为百合科植物库拉索芦荟、好望角芦荟或其他同属近缘植物叶的汁液浓缩干燥物。常绿、多肉质的草本植物。叶簇生,呈座状或生于茎顶,叶常披针形或叶短宽,边缘有尖齿状刺。花序为伞形、总状、穗状、圆锥形等,色呈红、黄或具赤色斑点,花瓣六片、雌蕊六枚。花被基部多连合成筒状。芦荟能极好地清除肠道,肝脏毒素和清理血管。芦荟中含有多种植物活性成分及多种氨基酸,维生素,多糖和矿物质成分,其中芦荟素和芦荟霍而末可以极好地刺激小肠蠕动,把肠道毒素排出去。
大黄提取物粉为蓼科植物掌叶大黄、唐古特大黄或药用大黄的干燥根及根茎提取物。掌叶大黄和唐古特大黄药材称北大黄,主产于青海、甘肃等地。药用大黄药材称南大黄,主产于四川。大黄能增加肠蠕动,抑制肠内水分吸收,促进排便;大黄有抗感染作用,对多种革兰阳性和阴性细菌均有抑制作用,其中最敏感的为葡萄球菌和链球菌,其次为白喉杆菌、伤寒和副伤寒杆菌、肺炎双球菌、痢疾杆菌等;对流感病毒也有抑制作用;有利胆和健胃作用;此外,还有止血、保肝、降压、降低血清胆固醇等作用。
本发明中使用的芦荟提取物粉、大黄提取物粉为中药原料经水提后的产物,其均已在市场上广泛应用,各种提取物的制备是已有的技术,得到的产品只是在物质浓度上有所差别,其各种产品均可在本发明中实施应用。
本发明的优点在于:本发明的益生菌组合物以益生菌干粉、芦荟提取物粉、大黄提取物粉为原料直接投料,按重量科学配比而成。其含有维生素K,维生素B12、吡哆醇、生物素、叶酸、烟酸和硫胺素等营养成分,制备工艺简单,避免了提取时造成的药物损失和由于原药材质量差异造成的不同产品质量差异较大的缺点,使产品纯度更高,杂质少,安全性更高,且不同批次间质量差异小,质量更均匀稳定。通过传统中药与益生菌合理配伍用药,经药学实验证明,药效优于单独使用任何一种原料,各有效成分呈协同作用,具有排毒通肠、促进肠道健康等功效。
【具体实施方式】
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步详细的描述,但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
实施例1
(1)选料
制备益生菌干粉:
1)分别将婴儿双歧杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、凝结芽孢杆菌经培养基活化后,接种于发酵培养基中,振荡培养,使菌体浓度达到对数生长期0.5~1.0×109cfu/ml;
双歧杆菌种子液的制备:取出菌种保藏管,用双歧杆菌固体培养基划平板进行复苏,37度厌氧培养72小时。在平板下挑取单个菌落接种50毫升双歧杆菌培养基中,在培养箱中37度厌氧培养48小时。种子采用5%的接种量,接种至10L大三角瓶中(装液量为9.5L),37度厌氧培养20-28小时,检测其菌液浓度,菌含量超过10亿/毫升,即可作为双歧杆菌液体菌种接种。其中所述的双歧杆菌培养基:蛋白胨5.0g/L,酵母提取物5g/L,牛肉膏5.0g/L,胰蛋白胨10.0g/L,葡萄糖10.0g/L,醋酸钠5.0g/L,柠檬酸二铵2.0g/L,吐温-801.0ml/L,硫酸镁0.1g/L,硫酸锌0.25g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L,固体培养基中加入琼脂2%。培养基灭菌的条件为:0.10-0.15MPa,121℃灭菌30分钟。
乳杆菌种子液的制备:取出菌种保藏管,用MRS固体培养基划平板进行复苏,37度厌氧培养48小时。在平板下挑取单个菌落接种250毫升MRS培养基中,在培养箱中37度厌氧培养24小时。种子采用5%的接种量,接种至10L大三角瓶中(装液量为9L),37度厌氧培养20-28小时,检测其菌液浓度,菌含量超过100亿/毫升,即可作为乳杆菌液体菌种接种。其中所述的MRS培养基:蛋白胨10g/L,酵母提取物5g/L,牛肉膏10g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,醋酸钠5g/L,柠檬酸二铵2g/L,吐温-801ml/L,硫酸镁0.6g/L,硫酸锰0.05g/L,磷酸氢二钾2g/L,琼脂20g/L,碳酸钙20g/L,固体培养基中加入琼脂2%。其中所述的乳酸菌种子培养基:葡萄糖5%,蛋白胨1.5%,牛肉膏0.75%,氯化钠0.1%,硫酸锰0.001%,硫酸镁0.02%,醋酸钠0.05%,碳酸钙1%,pH6.0。各培养基灭菌的条件为:0.10-0.15MPa,121℃灭菌30分钟。
芽孢杆菌种子液的制备:取出菌种保藏管,用LB固体培养基划平板进行复苏,37度培养48小时。在平板下挑取单个菌落接种50毫升LB培养基中,在培养箱中37度震荡培养24小时。种子采用5%的接种量,接种至5L大三角瓶中(装液量为2L),37度震荡培养20-28小时,检测其菌液浓度,芽孢含量超过60亿/毫升,即可作为纳豆芽孢杆菌液体菌种接种。其中所述LB培养基:蛋白胨5g,牛肉膏3g,氯化钠5g,水1000mL,pH7.2,固体培养基中加入琼脂2%。其中所述纳豆芽孢杆菌液体菌种培养基:葡萄糖10g/L,玉米粉8g/L,豆粕粉25g/L,硫酸镁0.5g/L,硫酸锰0.5g/L,磷酸二氢钠0.5g/L,磷酸氢二钠2.3g/L,pH7.2。各培养基灭菌的条件为:0.10-0.15MPa,121℃灭菌30分钟。
2)将各菌种发酵液混合后离心,弃上清,菌体沉淀洗涤,离心,灭菌,得菌泥;
3)配制干粉保护剂;所述干粉保护剂的配方组成为:β-环状糊精10g、乳糖2-5g、海藻糖0.5-2g、酵母膏0.5-2g、维生素E0.05-0.1g、蒸馏水100mL;
4)将干粉保护剂和菌泥混合,进行成膜反应,然后,将混合物预冻,再冷冻干燥,制成具有包埋层的活性益生菌干粉;
芦荟提取物粉、大黄提取物粉均购自西安天一生物技术有限公司。
(2)过筛
将步骤(1)中的益生菌干粉、芦荟提取物粉、大黄提取物粉分别过80~100目筛。
(3)配料
称量过筛后的原料,按益生菌干粉70%、芦荟提取物粉20%、大黄提取物粉10%配料,以上含量均为重量百分比含量。
(4)混合
将配好的益生菌干粉、芦荟提取物粉、大黄提取物粉于三维混合机中混合至色泽均匀一致,无色差,即得到具有排毒通肠功能的益生菌组合物。
实施例2
具体步骤同实施例1,不同之处在于:步骤(3)中配料:称量过筛后的原料,按益生菌干粉60%、芦荟提取物粉30%、大黄提取物粉10%配料,以上含量均为重量百分比含量。
实施例3
具体步骤同实施例1,不同之处在于:步骤(3)中配料:称量过筛后的原料,按益生菌干粉60%、芦荟提取物粉20%、大黄提取物粉20%配料,以上含量均为重量百分比含量。
实施例4
具体步骤同实施例1,不同之处在于:称量过筛后的原料,按益生菌干粉65%、芦荟提取物粉25%、大黄提取物粉10%配料,以上含量均为重量百分比含量。
实施例5
具体步骤同实施例1,不同之处在于:称量过筛后的原料,按益生菌干粉60%、芦荟提取物粉25%、大黄提取物粉15%配料,以上含量均为重量百分比含量。
实验例1
具有排毒通肠功能的益生菌组合物对小鼠肠道菌群的影响
小鼠在武汉大学生命科学学院实验动物中心饲养室饲养。饲养期间大鼠4只一笼,自由摄食和饮水,明暗周期为12h,室温22~25℃,相对湿度40%~60%,通风良好。取120只雄性小鼠,随机分为4组,每组30只,分别作为样品三个剂量组(0.75,1.5,4.5g/kg体重)与阴性对照组采用自身对照,动物称重,将实施例1组合物按0.4ml/20g体重分别对各组动物连续灌胃14d,阴性对照组用无菌稀释液灌胃。在给于受试物之前,无菌采取小鼠粪便0.1g左右,加一定量的无菌生理盐水,电动匀浆,10倍稀释至10-8,从原液开始选择合适的稀释度分别接种在伊红美蓝琼脂,叠氮钠-结晶紫-七叶苷琼脂,BBL琼脂,Lbs琼脂,SPS琼脂培养基上培养后,以菌落形态、革兰染色、生化反应等鉴定计数菌落,计算出每克湿便中的菌数,取对数后进行统计处理最后一次给予受试物之后24h,无菌采取粪便,检测肠道菌群,方法同上。
结果见表1,表1显示灌服前,样品组与正常对照组相比,每克湿便中所含的肠杆菌、肠球菌、乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌、产气荚膜梭菌菌落数,差异均无显著性。灌服后高剂量组(4.5g/kg)双歧杆菌含量显著高于灌服前,同时也显著高于对照组,其他指标菌的含量差异无显著性。
表1小鼠肠道菌群检测结果(log(CFU/g))
注:(1)P<0.05与正常对照组相比;(2)P<0.05与灌服前比较
实验例2
具有排毒通肠功能的益生菌组合物对溃疡性结肠炎患者的影响
(1)溃疡性结肠炎患者的选取
60例病例,均为2013.7~2014.8武汉大学附属医院消化科专家门诊患者,其中男性34例,女性26例,年龄13~68岁,平均年龄50岁。病程长者30年,短者2个月。随机将60例患者分别编入治疗组30例,其中男性16例,女性14例,年龄14~68岁,平均37岁;对照组30例,其中男性18例,女性12例,年龄13~65岁,平均35岁;由于两组患者在男女比例、年龄以及病情程度方面无显著差异,因此具有可比性。
(2)分组治疗
治疗组给与实施例1组合物,4周后评价疗效。对照组口服柳氮磺胺吡啶肠溶片(上海三维制药有限公司生产,国药准字:H31020450,规格0.25g/片),1g/次,4次/日,4周后评价疗效。
(3)疗效观察
参照中国中西医结合学会消化系统疾病专业委员会制定的慢性非特异性溃疡性结肠炎中西医结合诊治方案。①近期治愈:临床症状消失,结肠镜检查显示粘膜病变恢复正常,或溃疡病灶形成疤痕,大便镜检3次正常,停药观察6个月无复发;②显效:临床症状基本消失,结肠镜检查显示溃疡消失,粘膜仍有轻度炎症,大便镜检正常;③好转:临床症状减轻,结肠镜检查显示粘膜病变减轻或溃疡数目减少,范围缩小50%以上,大便镜检红细胞、白细胞<5个/HP;④无效:临床症状无改善甚至加重,结肠镜检查、大便常规检查无好转。
(4)治疗结果
治疗组总有效率93.3%,对照组80%(见表2),两组间比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:实施例1组合物治疗溃疡性结肠炎效果优于柳氮磺胺吡啶肠溶片。
表2两组治疗结果比较[n(%)]
注:两组比较,P<0.05
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所做的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种具有排毒通肠功能的益生菌组合物,其特征在于:包含如下按质量百分比计的组分:益生菌干粉60~70%,芦荟提取物粉20~30%,大黄提取物粉10~20%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的具有排毒通肠功能的益生菌组合物,其特征在于:包含如下按质量百分比计的组分:益生菌干粉70%,芦荟提取物粉20%,大黄提取物粉10%。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的具有排毒通肠功能的益生菌组合物,其特征在于:所述益生菌干粉由婴儿双歧杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、凝结芽孢杆菌按质量比为1:1:1的比例组成。
4.一种制备如权利要求1或2所述的具有排毒通肠功能的益生菌组合物的方法,其特征在于:它包含如下步骤:
(1)选料:选取含有婴儿双歧杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、凝结芽孢杆菌的益生菌干粉,优质芦荟提取物粉,大黄提取物粉;
(2)过筛:将选好的益生菌干粉、芦荟提取物粉、大黄提取物粉分别过80~100目筛;
(3)配料:将过筛后的益生菌干粉、芦荟提取物粉、大黄提取物粉称量备用;所述各组分质量百分比为益生菌干粉60~70%,芦荟提取物粉20~30%,大黄提取物粉10~20%;
(4)混合:将配好的原料于三维混合机中混合至色泽均匀一致,无色差,即得到具有排毒通肠功能的益生菌组合物。
5.根据权利要求4所述的具有排毒通肠功能的益生菌组合物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述益生菌干粉制备方法步骤如下:
1)分别将婴儿双歧杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、凝结芽孢杆菌经培养基活化后,接种于发酵培养基中,振荡培养,使菌体浓度达到对数生长期0.5~1.0×109cfu/ml;
2)将步骤1)中各菌种发酵液混合后离心,弃上清,菌体沉淀洗涤,离心,灭菌,得菌泥;
3)配制干粉保护剂;所述干粉保护剂的配方组成为:β-环状糊精10g、乳糖2-5g、海藻糖0.5-2g、酵母膏0.5-2g、维生素E0.05-0.1g、蒸馏水100mL;
4)将干粉保护剂和菌泥混合,进行成膜反应,然后,将混合物预冻,再冷冻干燥,制成具有包埋层的活性益生菌干粉。
6.一种如权利要求1或2所述的具有排毒通肠功能的益生菌组合物在制备排毒通肠食品/保健品中的应用。
7.根据权利要求6所述的具有排毒通肠功能的益生菌组合物在制备排毒通肠食品/保健品中的应用,其特征在于:所述具有排毒通肠功能的益生菌组合物使用在粉剂、片剂、胶囊剂、颗粒、冲剂、果冻、饮料、乳制品、酸奶或小点心烘烤品中;所述的保健品为粉剂、片剂、胶囊剂、液体剂、悬浮液、乳剂、口服液、果冻或冲剂中任一种。
8.一种排毒通肠食品/保健品,其特征在于:它包含如权利要求1或2所述的具有排毒通肠功能的益生菌组合物。
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