CN105678255B - 一种光学式指纹识别显示屏及显示装置 - Google Patents

一种光学式指纹识别显示屏及显示装置 Download PDF

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CN105678255B
CN105678255B CN201610004800.XA CN201610004800A CN105678255B CN 105678255 B CN105678255 B CN 105678255B CN 201610004800 A CN201610004800 A CN 201610004800A CN 105678255 B CN105678255 B CN 105678255B
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photosensitive element
display screen
light
light guide
guide member
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CN105678255A (zh
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刘伟
董学
陈小川
王海生
丁小梁
刘英明
赵卫杰
杨盛际
李昌峰
王鹏鹏
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2016/098043 priority patent/WO2017118067A1/zh
Priority to US15/326,928 priority patent/US10664679B2/en
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种光学式指纹识别显示屏及显示装置，将多个包含感光元件的指纹识别部件设置于阵列基板上；在与感光元件对应的位置的黑矩阵层设置为镂空区域；并在各感光元件与对向基板之间设置至少覆盖各感光元件的导光部件。由于导光部件与对向基板相互接触，使得从指纹谷脊反射后的光线经过黑矩阵层的镂空区域后能最大化的进入导光部件，光线通过在导光部件内部发生折射后直接照射到感光元件上，由此减少了谷脊光线照射到各感光元件时的损失，并且通过导光部件的反射作用和黑矩阵层的遮挡作用，屏蔽了显示光线和环境光线作为干扰光线对于谷脊光线的干扰，以及感光元件之间的相互干扰，实现更精确化的指纹检测，提高指纹识别的精准度。

Description

一种光学式指纹识别显示屏及显示装置
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种光学式指纹识别显示屏及显示装置。
背景技术
近年来，随着显示技术的高速发展，具有生物识别功能的移动产品逐渐进入人们的生活工作中，其中，指纹技术凭借着其唯一身份特性，备受人们重视。目前，基于硅基工艺的的按压式与滑动式指纹识别技术已经整合入移动产品中，未来人们关注的核心是显示区域内的指纹识别技术。
如图1所示，为在显示基板中设置的光学式指纹识别器件的结构示意图；其中，每个指纹器件001由两个薄膜晶体管组成，其中一个为控制开关的开关晶体管002，另一个为作为感光元件(photo sensor)的感光晶体管003。在进行指纹扫描时，由于指纹谷脊之间的差异，光源照射到手指上的会产生不同的反射，从而使得到达感光晶体管003器件处的光强出现变化，产生不同的光电流差异；在开关晶体管002的控制下，依次读取出各个感光晶体管003器件的电流差异，即可实现对指纹谷脊的检测。
在具体实施时，由于环境光以及入射光的干扰，使得上述光学式指纹识别器件中的感光晶体管003器件接收到反射回来的光线中夹杂了许多无用信息，影响了对指纹检测信号的检测，导致此种光学式指纹识别检测结构的信号信噪比低，而使检测精准度受限。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明实施例提供了一种光学式指纹识别显示屏及显示装置，用以解决现有的光学式指纹识别器件中的感光晶体管器件接收到反射回来的光线中夹杂了许多无用信息而干扰检测信号致使检测精准度受限的问题。
因此，本发明实施例提供的一种光学式指纹识别显示屏，包括：
相对而置的对向基板和阵列基板；
设置于所述阵列基板面向所述对向基板一侧的多个包含感光元件的指纹识别部件；
设置于所述阵列基板面向所述对向基板一侧或所述对向基板面向所述阵列基板一侧，且在与所述感光元件对应的位置为镂空区域的黑矩阵层；以及，
设置于各所述感光元件与所述对向基板之间，且至少覆盖各所述感光元件的导光部件。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本发明实施例提供的上述显示屏中，各所述指纹识别部件的感光元件设置于所述阵列基板的各像素之间的间隙处，且所述黑矩阵层中的镂空区域与所述感光元件一一对应。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本发明实施例提供的上述显示屏中，各所述指纹识别部件的感光元件在所述阵列基板的各像素之间的间隙处均匀分布。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本发明实施例提供的上述显示屏中，所述导光部件的折射率大于在所述导光部件与所述对向基板的外表面之间所有膜层的折射率，且大于与所述导光部件位于同一水平面的膜层的折射率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本发明实施例提供的上述显示屏中，所述显示屏为液晶显示屏；所述导光部件为与所述感光元件一一对应的透明的隔垫物。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本发明实施例提供的上述显示屏中，所述隔垫物的折射率大于液晶分子的折射率，且大于所述对向基板中各膜层的折射率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本发明实施例提供的上述显示屏中，所述显示屏为电致发光显示屏；所述导光部件为透明的像素限定层。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本发明实施例提供的上述显示屏中，所述像素限定层的折射率大于发光器件中各膜层的折射率，且大于所述对向基板中各膜层的折射率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本发明实施例提供的上述显示屏中，还包括：设置于所述对向基板背离所述阵列基板一侧的保护盖板，所述保护盖板至少在与黑矩阵层的所述镂空区域对应的外表面为粗糙面。
本发明实施例提供的一种显示装置，包括本发明实施例提供的上述光学式指纹识别显示屏。
本发明实施例的有益效果包括：
本发明实施例提供的一种光学式指纹识别显示屏及显示装置，包括相对而置的对向基板和阵列基板；设置于阵列基板面向对向基板一侧的多个包含感光元件的指纹识别部件；设置于阵列基板面向对向基板一侧或对向基板面向阵列基板一侧且在与感光元件对应的位置为镂空区域的黑矩阵层；以及，设置于各感光元件与对向基板之间，且至少覆盖各感光元件的导光部件。通过在感光元件的上方增加导光部件，由于导光部件与对向基板相互接触，使得从指纹谷脊反射后的光线经过黑矩阵层的镂空区域后能最大化的进入导光部件，由于导光部件覆盖各感光元件，使得光线通过在导光部件内部发生折射后直接照射到感光元件上，由此减少了谷脊光线照射到各感光元件时的损失，并且通过导光部件的反射作用和黑矩阵层的遮挡作用，屏蔽了显示光线和环境光线作为干扰光线对于谷脊光线的干扰，以及感光元件之间的相互干扰，实现更精确化的指纹检测，提高指纹识别的精准度。
附图说明
图1为现有技术光学式指纹识别器件的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的光学式指纹识别显示屏的结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的光学式指纹识别显示屏的俯视示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的光学式指纹识别显示屏为液晶显示屏时的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对本发明实施例提供的光学式指纹识别显示屏及显示装置的具体实施方式进行详细地说明。
附图中各部件的形状和大小不反显示屏的真实比例，目的只是示意说明本发明内容。
本发明实施例提供的一种光学式指纹识别显示屏，如图2所示，包括：
相对而置的对向基板100和阵列基板200；
设置于阵列基板200面向对向基板100一侧的多个包含感光元件300的指纹识别部件；
设置于阵列基板200面向对向基板100一侧或对向基板100面向阵列基板200一侧，且在与感光元件300对应的位置为镂空区域A的黑矩阵层400，图2中以黑矩阵层400设置在对向基板100上为例进行说明；以及，
设置于各感光元件300与对向基板100之间，且至少覆盖各感光元件300的导光部件500。
本发明实施例提供的上述显示屏中，通过在感光元件300的上方增加导光部件500，由于导光部件500与对向基板100相互接触，使得从指纹谷脊反射后的光线经过黑矩阵层400的镂空区域A后能最大化的进入导光部件500，由于导光部件500覆盖各感光元件300，使得光线通过在导光部件500内部发生折射后直接照射到感光元件300上，由此减小了谷脊光线照射到各感光元件300时的损失，并且通过导光部件500的反射作用和黑矩阵层400的遮挡作用，屏蔽了显示光线和环境光线作为干扰光线对于谷脊光线的干扰，以及感光元件300之间的相互干扰，实现更精确化的指纹检测，提高指纹识别的精准度。
在具体实施时，本发明实施例提供的上述显示屏中，用于实现光学式指纹识别功能的指纹识别部件可以有多种具体实施结构，在此不做限定，其中的感光元件300具体可以采用感光二极管实现，也可以采用其他具体光敏感特性的器件实现，在此不做限定。并且，本发明实施例提供的上述显示屏中的指纹识别部件识别的指纹具体可以指手指的指纹，也可以指生物体其他部位的指纹，例如掌纹之类，只要是能表征生物体的唯一身份特性的纹理均在本发明实施例的保护范围内。
具体地，本发明实施例提供的上述显示屏中，在具体实施时，为了使实现指纹识别功能的感光元件300不占用显示屏的开口率，如图3所示，各指纹识别部件的感光元件300一般会设置于阵列基板200的各像素600之间的间隙处，即在显示区域B原本被显示面板中的黑矩阵层400所遮挡的区域。此时，在黑矩阵层400原本具有图案的区域进行开窗处理，形成与感光元件300所在位置一一对应的镂空区域A，一方面可以方便从指纹谷脊反射后的光线经过该镂空区域A入射到导光部件500，另一方面可以遮挡作为干扰光线的环境光照射到导光部件500以及感光元件300，从而提高各感光元件300的信噪比。
具体地，为了便于对指纹进行检测与识别，在具体实施时，本发明实施例提供的上述显示屏中，如图3所示，各指纹识别部件的感光元件300在阵列基板200的各像素600之间的间隙处一般均匀分布。
进一步地，为了使谷脊反射后的光线最大化的射入到导光部件500中，可以对谷脊与显示屏接触的位置进行微处理，以便谷脊反射的光线可以更多的入射至显示屏内部的导光部件500。例如，一般地，在显示屏中，如图2所示，一般还包括设置于对向基板100背离阵列基板200一侧的保护盖板700，可以对保护盖板700至少与黑矩阵层400的镂空区域A对应的外表面进行微处理后形成粗糙面。
进一步地，在本发明实施例提供的上述显示屏中，为了使谷脊反射的光线在进入导光部件500之后，可以尽可能的减少损失，在设计时可以利用光的折射定律：当光线从光疏材料进入光密材料时，当入射角满足一定的条件，可产生全反射。这样在选取导光部件500的材料时，选择导光部件500的折射率大于在导光部件500与对向基板100的外表面之间所有膜层的折射率，且大于与导光部件500位于同一水平面的膜层的折射率。使得经谷脊反射的光线可以在导光部件500中产生全反射现象，同时减少外界其他干扰光线进入导光部件500，减少指纹谷脊反射光线之间的相互干扰。
在具体实施时，根据本发明实施例提供的上述显示屏应用的具体显示面板类型，在感光元件300上设置的导光部件500的实现方式有所不同。
具体地，在本发明实施例提供的上述显示屏具体为液晶显示屏时，在阵列基板200与对向基板100之间一般设置有隔垫物501，因此，可以将部分隔垫物501进行变更，设置为与感光元件300一一对应的透明的隔垫物501。此时，隔垫物501的折射率应大于液晶分子的折射率，且大于对向基板100中各膜层的折射率，例如大于玻璃衬底的折射率，以及取向层的折射率等。并且，在具体实施时，对于隔垫物501的形状并无特定要求，可以是如图4所示的正圆锥体，也可以是倒圆锥体，还可以是梯形体长方体或立方体等。并且，如图4所示，隔垫物501在阵列基板200上的正投影应覆盖感光元件300，一般可以稍大于感光元件300，图3中感光元件300为长方形，隔垫物501和黑矩阵层400的镂空区域A的正投影重合为圆形。
如图4所示，在显示屏进行指纹识别时，光线首先由背光800射出，经由阵列基板200后，由于感光元件300的遮挡，光线只能从其周边区域向上传射，再经过液晶盒及其上各膜层到达显示屏的保护盖板700。在人体手指进行触控后，由于人体手指谷脊间的差异，光线呈现不同强度的反射回到液晶盒内，由于保护盖板700进行微处理，使得指纹谷脊反射后的光线能从黑矩阵层400的开窗区进入隔垫物中，并且实现直线传播或全反射传播，而其他区域的谷脊反射光线由于入射角度的差异，其进入该隔垫物501的光线较少，此外，接收时背光800向上传播的干扰光线不易进入隔垫物，以此，减小各感光元件300之间指纹信息以及其他干扰光线对所需获取的有用光线的相互干扰，实现更精确化的指纹检测，提高指纹识别的精准度。
具体地，在本发明实施例提供的上述显示屏具体为电致发光显示屏时，在阵列基板200的各像素之间一般设置有像素限定层(PDL)，因此，可以将部分像素限定层进行变更，设计为覆盖感光元件300的透明像素限定层。此时，像素限定层的折射率应大于发光器件中各膜层的折射率，且大于对向基板100中各膜层的折射率，例如大于玻璃衬底的折射率，阴极的折射率，以及发光层的折射率等。
基于同一发明构思，本发明实施例还提供了一种显示装置，包括本发明实施例提供的上述光学式指纹识别显示屏，该显示装置可以为：手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。该显示装置的实施可以参见上述光学式指纹识别显示屏的实施例，重复之处不再赘述。
本发明实施例提供的上述光学式指纹识别显示屏及显示装置，包括相对而置的对向基板和阵列基板；设置于阵列基板面向对向基板一侧的多个包含感光元件的指纹识别部件；设置于阵列基板面向对向基板一侧或对向基板面向阵列基板一侧且在与感光元件对应的位置为镂空区域的黑矩阵层；以及，设置于各感光元件与对向基板之间，且至少覆盖各感光元件的导光部件。通过在感光元件的上方增加导光部件，由于导光部件与对向基板相互接触，使得从指纹谷脊反射后的光线经过黑矩阵层的镂空区域后能最大化的进入导光部件，由于导光部件覆盖各感光元件，使得光线通过在导光部件内部发生折射后直接照射到感光元件上，由此减少了谷脊光线照射到各感光元件时的损失，并且通过导光部件的反射作用和黑矩阵层的遮挡作用，屏蔽了显示光线和环境光线作为干扰光线对于谷脊光线的干扰，以及感光元件之间的相互干扰，实现更精确化的指纹检测，提高指纹识别的精准度。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (10)

1.一种光学式指纹识别显示屏，其特征在于，包括：
相对而置的对向基板和阵列基板；
设置于所述阵列基板面向所述对向基板一侧的多个包含感光元件的指纹识别部件；
设置于所述阵列基板面向所述对向基板一侧或所述对向基板面向所述阵列基板一侧，且在与所述感光元件对应的位置为镂空区域的黑矩阵层；以及，
设置于各所述感光元件与所述对向基板之间，且至少覆盖各所述感光元件的导光部件；所述导光部件与所述对向基板相互接触，且所述导光部件设置在所述镂空区域。
2.如权利要求1所述的显示屏，其特征在于，各所述指纹识别部件的感光元件设置于所述阵列基板的各像素之间的间隙处，且所述黑矩阵层中的镂空区域与所述感光元件一一对应。
3.如权利要求2所述的显示屏，其特征在于，各所述指纹识别部件的感光元件在所述阵列基板的各像素之间的间隙处均匀分布。
4.如权利要求1所述的显示屏，其特征在于，所述导光部件的折射率大于在所述导光部件与所述对向基板的外表面之间所有膜层的折射率，且大于与所述导光部件位于同一水平面的膜层的折射率。
5.如权利要求4所述的显示屏，其特征在于，所述显示屏为液晶显示屏；所述导光部件为与所述感光元件一一对应的透明的隔垫物。
6.如权利要求5所述的显示屏，其特征在于，所述隔垫物的折射率大于液晶分子的折射率，且大于所述对向基板中各膜层的折射率。
7.如权利要求4所述的显示屏，其特征在于，所述显示屏为电致发光显示屏；所述导光部件为透明的像素限定层。
8.如权利要求7所述的显示屏，其特征在于，所述像素限定层的折射率大于发光器件中各膜层的折射率，且大于所述对向基板中各膜层的折射率。
9.如权利要求1-7任一项所述的显示屏，其特征在于，还包括：设置于所述对向基板背离所述阵列基板一侧的保护盖板，所述保护盖板至少在与黑矩阵层的所述镂空区域对应的外表面为粗糙面。
10.一种显示装置，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-9任一项所述的光学式指纹识别显示屏。
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