CN105660310B - Construction method for full-crown translation of large-scale arbor by using double-layer bottom-supporting composite lantern method - Google Patents
Construction method for full-crown translation of large-scale arbor by using double-layer bottom-supporting composite lantern method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The construction method for the whole crown translation of the large-scale arbor by using the double-layer bottom-supporting composite lantern method comprises the steps of beginning to dig soil balls, extracting underground water of root systems of the trees, binding the soil balls by using the composite lantern method, integrally reinforcing the soil balls, installing a soil ball bottom bearing device, installing a hoisting belt on the soil ball bearing device in a balanced mode, hoisting, carrying and planting. The invention is provided aiming at the translation of the super-large-specification arbor, and the double-layer bottom-supporting bearing device at the lower part of the soil ball can well ensure that the soil ball is not subjected to the lifting tension in the hoisting process of the arbor, thereby ensuring that the soil ball is not loosened and falls off, realizing full-crown transplantation, ensuring that the tree grows better and improving the landscape effect. The invention provides a novel soil ball binding method, which has the advantages of common materials, wide sources, no pollution to the environment, strong operability and easy popularization, can ensure that the soil ball is not loosened and loosened in the soil ball transplanting process after implementation, and greatly improves the survival rate of the transplanted large trees.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a transplanting method of large trees, in particular to a construction method for carrying out full-crown translation on large trees by using a double-layer bottom-supporting composite lantern method.
Background
In urban planning and construction, such as subway construction and municipal planning, the whole crown transplantation needs to be carried out on some original trees or rare tree species with super-large specifications, for example, the lifting and carrying of plants are carried out according to a conventional garden transplantation method, so that the loosening of original root system soil balls is easily caused, and even the soil ball lifting cannot be carried out at all, because when the diameter of the soil ball exceeds 3-4m, the periphery of the soil ball is completely provided with the floating soil and cannot be lifted normally, the survival rate of the plants is directly influenced by the size of the soil ball, and the trees in nearly one hundred years die carelessly. If the construction translation method is adopted to transplant the trees, the early root cutting treatment needs at least 3-6 months, the time consumption is long, the price is high, and the requirement of urban development and construction is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a construction method for translating the whole crown of a large-scale arbor by using a double-layer bottom-supporting composite lantern method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the construction method for the full-crown translation of the large-scale arbor by using the double-layer bottom-supporting composite lantern method comprises the following specific processes:
(1) the earth ball begins to dig.
(2) And (5) extracting the underground water of the root system of the tree.
(3) The soil ball is bound by a composite lantern method.
(4) And integrally reinforcing the soil ball.
(5) And installing a bearing device at the bottom of the soil ball.
(6) And a hoisting belt is mounted on the soil ball bearing device in a balanced manner.
(7) And (5) hoisting and consignment.
(8) And (5) planting.
The invention is provided aiming at the translation of the super-large-specification arbor, and the double-layer bottom-supporting bearing device at the lower part of the soil ball can well ensure that the soil ball is not subjected to the lifting tension in the hoisting process of the arbor, thereby ensuring that the soil ball is not loosened and falls off, realizing full-crown transplantation, basically ensuring that the vertical translation is realized, ensuring that the tree grows better and improving the landscape effect. The invention provides a novel soil ball binding method, which has the advantages of common materials, wide sources, no pollution to the environment, strong operability and easy popularization, can ensure that the soil ball is not loosened and loosened in the soil ball transplanting process after implementation, and greatly improves the survival rate of the transplanted large trees.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the operation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a bearing device at the bottom of the soil ball.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a hoisting belt which is mounted on the earth ball bearing device in a balanced manner.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1: the construction method for the full-crown translation of the large-scale arbor by using the double-layer bottom-supporting composite lantern method comprises the following specific processes:
(1) the earth ball begins to dig.
(2) And (5) extracting the underground water of the root system of the tree.
(3) The soil ball is bound by a composite lantern method.
(4) And integrally reinforcing the soil ball.
(5) And installing a bearing device at the bottom of the soil ball.
(6) And a hoisting belt is mounted on the soil ball bearing device in a balanced manner.
(7) And (5) hoisting and consignment.
(8) And (5) planting.
The earth ball excavation working surface meets the following requirements:
1. the size of the soil ball generally needs to be 8-10 times of the breast diameter of the tree, and can be enlarged to 12 times of the breast diameter if the surrounding conditions allow. Other measures can be taken if special conditions are met.
2. The earth ball excavation face is generally larger than the earth ball depth (80-100 cm) by a factor of 1.5.
3. The outside earthwork stacking place is more than 6 m. If the construction environment permits, the single-side working face needs to be widened to 12m, so that the operation is convenient.
4. According to the requirements of field conditions, steel sheet piles can be driven.
When the underground water of the tree root system is pumped, an annular ditch is made at the bottom of the planting hole, and water can be pumped by a mud pump or discharged to an external drainage system through a water collecting tank according to the underground water level condition.
The concrete operation of wrapping the soil ball by the composite lantern method is as follows:
1. cleaning, disinfecting and other earlier-stage work: and (4) brushing the floating soil at the top of the soil ball to form a slope of 15 degrees, and if the root system cannot form the slope, using yellow sand to form a slope surface of 15 degrees. Then the roots are leveled with sterilized scissors and pliers. The root incision part is treated with wound liniment, transpiration inhibitor, etc. to prevent bacterial infection and wound bleeding.
2. Wrapping with a steel wire mesh: and (3) vertically digging 30-35cm downwards by using a shovel, then binding the soil balls by using a steel wire mesh, and tightening the oblique angle of each intersection part of the steel wires by using a clamping device to ensure uniform stress. The operation is repeated for 2 times downwards to ensure that the whole soil ball is wrapped by the steel wire mesh, and then a special binding belt is used for integrally wrapping the steel wire mesh.
3. Wrapping the soil ball with the blanket: the whole soil ball is wrapped by a dry blanket with the moisture retention function, and a nutrient and a bactericide and insecticide are properly sprayed to ensure that the blanket is in a semi-moist state, and the semi-moist blanket shrinks and firmly clings to the soil ball.
4. Rope-made wrapping: the soil ball is wrapped by a hemp rope by a 'line ball-shaped' mud ball. The square wood is arranged on the upper surface and the side surface of the soil ball on the inner side of the straw rope, so that the bearing strength of the soil ball is further improved. And then wrapped by a flannelette blanket.
5. The soil ball is wrapped up to high strength nylon suspender three-layer lantern form:
1) a tightener is added to the bottom of the soil ball by a steel wire rope, and the steel wire rope is sleeved with more than 150 high-strength nylon belts with the width of 5cm, and the distance is 10 cm. And digging 25cm downwards at the bottom of the soil ball at a slight downward angle of 15-20 degrees to form a lantern shape to wrap the soil ball, and tightening the nylon belt by using more than 150 tighteners at the root neck part.
2) And then the ball is dug downwards by about 25cm at an angle of 15-20 degrees in the vertical direction, and the binding step is repeated in the gap of the first layer of nylon sling.
3) And then the soil ball is dug downwards by about 25cm at an angle of 15-20 degrees, and the binding step is repeated in the gap between the first layer of nylon sling and the second layer of nylon sling, so that the whole soil ball is thoroughly, compactly and firmly.
The integral reinforcement of the soil ball is realized by using a special fixing band for bearing more than 10 tons to perform 'line ball shape' binding on the soil ball, so that the soil ball is further prevented from being loose under stress.
As shown in fig. 2: the installation of the soil ball bottom bearing device is that the outer side of the bottom of the whole soil ball is horizontally paved by phi 50 steel pipes 3 at a distance of 10-15cm and penetrates through the soil ball bottom 2 to support the bottom. And (3) paving a phi 50 steel pipe on each of two sides of the lower layer in the longitudinal position of the steel pipe, fixing the phi 50 steel pipe and the transversely paved steel pipe in a row by using fasteners, and fixing by using the fasteners. Form a bamboo raft shape as a whole. The length of the steel pipe is ensured to be larger than the diameter of the soil ball, and the two sides of the steel pipe are at least 50cm more than the outer edge of the soil ball. So as to be beneficial to hoisting and transportation. And respectively arranging an I-shaped steel 1 at the lower part of the bamboo raft, close to the outer edges of the two sides of the soil ball, and fixing the I-shaped steel 1 with the steel pipe through a fastener.
As shown in fig. 3: the method is characterized in that the concrete steps of the balanced installation of the hoisting belt on the soil ball bearing device are as follows:
1. the overweight sling is pulled out in a folded mode after penetrating through a point A at the center point of the soil ball, and two end points of the sling are respectively pulled out from two points B, C after being wound on a steel pipe and a steel groove at the bottom of the bamboo raft.
2. The belt pulled out from the point A is connected with another operating type sling through a large connecting component.
3. A, B, C the belt pulled out from the point must be tightly attached to the edge of the earth ball and be sleeved on the hook of a large crane.
4. The operation steps of A ', B ' and C ' are the same as above.
5. A tree trunk 2.5-3m away from the soil ball is wrapped by a blanket for 40-50cm, and 6 maneuvering hanging strips are spatially fixed by high-strength nylon hanging strips so as to reinforce the stability of the overweight hanging strips in the hoisting process.
The hoisting and consignment process comprises the following steps: after the hundred-ton crane is positioned, the hoisting belt is tightened at a slow speed on the basis that the foundation at the lower part of the supporting angle is firm. The hoisting principle is to hoist at the existing angle, and the stress condition of the soil ball needs to be carefully observed.
The planting process is as follows:
1. after the planting hole is dug, a drainage layer and a deep drainage hole are made at a proper depth, non-woven fabrics are laid on the upper part of the drainage layer, small stones and yellow sand are placed at the bottom of the drainage layer, and a reticular ventilation pipe is configured.
2. After the crane reaches the planting field, the hoisting belt and the angle-adjusting rope are installed, the crane slowly hoists the tree soil ball into the tree pit, the elevation of the soil ball is determined, and then the vertical angle of the tree is slowly adjusted.
3. Temporarily fixing the arbor from three directions by using a rope, firstly removing the lifting platform at the bottom of the earth ball layer by layer, then removing the packaging materials of the composite lantern method, filling earth while removing, paying attention to support and preventing the earth ball from collapsing. Removing the root control hole plate which is arranged on the outer side of the soil ball in a circle and has the width of 30cm, and then backfilling soil.
Claims (10)
1. The construction method for the full-crown translation of the large-scale arbor by using the double-layer bottom-supporting composite lantern method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) beginning to dig a soil ball;
(2) extracting the underground water of the root system of the tree;
(3) the soil ball is bound by a composite lantern method, which comprises the following specific steps:
① cleaning and sterilizing;
② wrapping with steel wire mesh;
③ wrapping the ball with flannelette;
④ wrapping with hemp rope, wrapping the soil ball with hemp rope by ball-shaped mud ball, placing square wood on the soil ball and the side of hemp rope to further improve the bearing strength of the soil ball, and wrapping with flannelette blanket;
⑤ high-strength nylon sling three-layer lantern-shaped wrapping soil ball;
(4) integrally reinforcing the soil balls;
(5) installing a soil ball bottom bearing device:
transversely paving phi 50 steel pipes on the outer side of the bottom of the whole soil ball at a distance of 10-15cm, penetrating the phi 50 steel pipes at the bottom of the soil ball to support the bottom, paving phi 50 steel pipes on two sides of a lower layer in the longitudinal position of the steel pipes respectively, fixing the phi 50 steel pipes in rows by fasteners and the transversely paved steel pipes by the fasteners to form a whole shape similar to a bamboo raft, ensuring that the length of the steel pipes is greater than the diameter of the soil ball, enabling the two sides of the steel pipes to be at least 50cm more than the outer edge of the soil ball, respectively placing I-shaped steel on the lower part of the bamboo raft, close to the outer edge parts of two sides of the soil ball, and fixing the I-;
(6) the hoisting belt is mounted on the soil ball bottom bearing device in a balanced mode, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) the overweight sling penetrates through the point A on one side of the center point of the soil ball and then is folded and drawn out, and two end points of the sling are respectively drawn out from B, C points on two sides of the point A after being wound on a steel pipe and a steel groove at the bottom of the bamboo raft;
2) the belt pulled out from the point A is connected with the other control type sling through a large connecting member;
3) a, B, C the belt pulled out from the point must cling to the edge of the earth ball and is sleeved on the hook of the large crane;
4) the point A ' of the overweight sling on the other side of the center point of the soil ball and the points B ' and C ' on the two sides of the overweight sling are drawn out, and the operation steps are the same as the above;
5) wrapping the tree trunk 2.5-3m away from the soil ball with a blanket for 40-50cm, and fixing 6 manipulative slings with high-strength nylon slings;
(7) hoisting and consignment;
(8) and (5) planting.
2. The construction method for the whole crown translation of the large-scale arbor by the double-layer bottom-supporting composite lantern method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the soil excavation starting ball meets the following requirements:
(1) the size of the soil ball needs to be 8-10 times of the breast diameter of the tree;
(2) the distance between the soil ball excavation working surface and the soil ball depth is larger than the soil ball depth coefficient by 1.5, and the soil ball depth is 80-100 cm;
(3) the radius of the earthwork stacking place along the outer edge of the soil ball is more than 6 m.
3. The construction method for the whole crown translation of the large-scale arbor by the double-layer bottom-supporting composite lantern method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: when the underground water of the tree root system is pumped, an annular ditch is made at the bottom of the planting hole, and water is pumped by a slurry pump or is discharged to an external drainage system through a water collecting tank.
4. The construction method for the whole crown translation of the large-scale arbor by the double-layer bottom-supporting composite lantern method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the specific flow of the cleaning and disinfection earlier stage work in the step (3) is as follows: the top of the soil ball is brushed to remove the floating soil, a slope of 15 degrees is made, if the root system can not be made, yellow sand is used for making a slope surface of 15 degrees, then the tree root is leveled by using sterilized scissors and pliers, and the incision part of the root is treated by using wound smearing agent and transpiration inhibitor materials, so that bacterial infection and bleeding injury are prevented.
5. The construction method for the whole crown translation of the large-scale arbor by the double-layer bottom-supporting composite lantern method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the concrete process of wrapping the steel wire mesh in the step (3) is as follows: and (3) vertically digging 30-35cm downwards by a shovel, binding the soil balls by using a steel wire mesh, tightening the oblique angle of each crossed part of the steel wire by using a clamping device to ensure uniform stress, repeating the operation downwards for 2 times to ensure that the whole soil ball is wrapped by the steel wire mesh, and then integrally wrapping the steel wire mesh by using a special binding belt.
6. The construction method for the whole crown translation of the large-scale arbor by the double-layer bottom-supporting composite lantern method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the concrete flow of the blanket-wrapped soil ball in the step (3) is as follows: the whole soil ball is wrapped by a dry blanket with the moisture retention function, and nutrients and bactericides are sprayed to ensure that the blanket is in a semi-moist state, and the semi-moist blanket shrinks and firmly clings to the soil ball.
7. The construction method for the whole crown translation of the large-scale arbor by the double-layer bottom-supporting composite lantern method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the specific process of the high-strength nylon sling three-layer lantern-shaped wrapping soil ball in the step (3) is as follows:
1) a tightener is added at the bottom of the soil ball by using a steel wire rope, more than 150 high-strength nylon belts with the width of 5cm are sleeved on the steel wire rope, the distance is 10cm, 25cm is dug downwards at 15-20 degrees at the bottom of the soil ball, the soil ball is wrapped in a lantern shape, and the nylon belts are tightened by more than 150 tighteners at the root neck part;
2) then, a soil ball is dug downwards by 25cm at an angle of 15-20 degrees in the vertical direction, and the binding step is repeated in the gap of the first layer of nylon sling;
3) and then the soil ball is dug downwards by 25cm at an angle of 15-20 degrees, and the binding step is repeated in the gap between the first layer of nylon sling and the second layer of nylon sling, so that the whole soil ball is thoroughly, compactly and firmly.
8. The construction method for the whole crown translation of the large-scale arbor by the double-layer bottom-supporting composite lantern method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and (4) integrally reinforcing the soil ball by using a fixing band which bears more than 10 tons to perform 'line ball-shaped' binding on the soil ball, so that the soil ball is further prevented from being loose under stress.
9. The construction method for the whole crown translation of the large-scale arbor by the double-layer bottom-supporting composite lantern method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the hoisting and consignment process in the step (7) is as follows: after the hundred-ton crane is positioned, on the basis that the foundation at the lower part of the supporting angle is firm, the hoisting belt is tightened at a slow speed, and hoisting is carried out at the existing angle.
10. The construction method for the whole crown translation of the large-scale arbor by the double-layer bottom-supporting composite lantern method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the planting process in the step (8) is as follows:
1) after the planting hole is dug, a drainage layer and a deep drainage hole are made, non-woven fabrics are laid on the upper part of the drainage layer, small stones and yellow sand are placed at the bottom of the drainage layer, and a reticular vent pipe is configured;
2) after the crane reaches the planting field, a hoisting belt and a rope for adjusting the angle are installed, the crane slowly hoists the tree soil ball into the tree pit, the elevation of the soil ball is determined, and then the vertical angle of the tree is slowly adjusted;
3) temporarily fixing the arbor in three directions by using a rope, firstly removing the bottom bearing device of the soil ball layer by layer, then removing the packaging material of the composite lantern method, filling soil while removing, paying attention to support to prevent the soil ball from collapsing, removing a circle of circular hole control plates with the surrounding width of 30cm outside the soil ball, and then backfilling the soil.
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Families Citing this family (5)
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| CN107047230A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-08-18 | 浙江天泰园林建设有限公司 | A kind of integral transplanting method of ancient and well-known trees |
| CN111357600B (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2021-11-05 | 上海市园林科学规划研究院 | Root removal container and use method thereof |
| CN113142007B (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2023-02-24 | 上海市园林科学规划研究院 | Method for determining specification of minimum earth ball for transplanting large-size full-crown arbor |
| CN113711883B (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2022-12-02 | 宁波交通工程建设集团有限公司 | Underground lodging-resistant structure for arbor transplantation and construction method |
| CN115644013A (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-01-31 | 广东力特工程机械有限公司 | Ancient tree full-crown transplanting system and transplanting method thereof |
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