CN105651642A - Humidifying disintegration tester for cohesive soil and testing method thereof - Google Patents
Humidifying disintegration tester for cohesive soil and testing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a humidifying disintegration tester for cohesive soil and a testing method thereof and belongs to the field of civil engineering testing. The humidifying disintegration tester comprises a bracket, wherein a hydrostatic balance is arranged on a top plate of the bracket; a water trough is arranged under the top plate of the bracket and is placed on an electronic balance; the water trough is internally provided with a sample-containing net rack for placing soil samples; and the sample-containing net rack is tied on hooks at the bottom part of the hydrostatic balance. The humidifying disintegration tester disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, convenient in operation and accurate in data. The testing method comprises the following steps of: (1) no-load testing; (2) manufacture of cubic soil samples; (3) disintegration testing; (4) data processing; and (5) establishment of a relation diagram between disintegration amount and disintegration time. The humidifying disintegration tester and the testing method disclosed by the invention have the advantages that the test is simple, and the hydrostatic balance and the electronic balance cooperate to test the humidifying disintegration of the soil samples placed in the sample-containing net rack together by cooperation, so that a humidifying disintegration curve closer to actuality of the cohesive soil can be obtained.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to civil engineering technical field of measurement and test, more particularly, it relates to a kind of cohesive soil humidifying disintegration tester and test method thereof.
Background technology
The humidifying of soil refers to that the phenomenon of disintegrate occurs the soil body in water, has a structural clayey soil disintegration rate in water by measuring, and one of selects the standard of earth material in this, as wet method railway embankment, is also one of the important physical character of the soil body. The disintegrative of the soil body is studied there is important theory and realistic meaning, but existing soil body humidifying disintegrate quantitative test and qualitative analysis do not form unified standard, to such an extent as to engineering and the many problems of scientific research field can not efficiently solve.
At present both at home and abroad primarily focusing on soft rock about rock-soil wetting characteristic and shorter mention is native, particularly the experimental study of cohesive soil is also in the desk study stage. From research method, primarily focus on the extreme case dried completely, other state researchs are less, and in process of the test, the moisture absorption weightening finish in humidifying stage is comparatively obvious on the impact of the humidifying disintegrate of soil. The method of existing mensuration cohesive soil disintegrative is to soak observational method and floating drum method, the former can only qualitative description disintegrative, its test apparatus of the latter is made up of the floating drum of sign with a scale, the web plate hanging over floating drum lower end and glass urceolus, but have that error in reading is big, floating drum easily adherent, the problems such as humidifying stage cannot be described.
Open for the existing correlation technique of above-mentioned problem, but existing disintegration tester or be include electronic balance, tank, Sheng sample rack and support, electronic balance is placed tank, it is arranged to place the Sheng sample rack of soil sample in tank, contain sample rack and be suspended on support, said structure disintegration tester is adopted to do test starting stage during cohesive soil slaking test, the moisture absorption weightening finish of soil sample can affect the electronic balance reading to disintegrate amount data, and electronic balance reads data and differs greatly with actual cohesive soil humidifying disintegrate data; It is include hydrostatic power balance, tank, Sheng sample rack and support, hydrostatic power balance is placed on cradle top, support is arranged below tank, Sheng sample rack is set in tank, contain sample rack and hang on the hook of hydrostatic power sky flat bottoms, along with the carrying out of test when adopting said structure disintegration tester to do cohesive soil slaking test, the weightening finish hydrostatic power balance reading to disintegrate amount data of soil sample humidifying, hydrostatic power balance reads data and differs greatly with actual cohesive soil humidifying disintegrate data;Although above two structure can do cohesive soil slaking test, the actual cohesive soil humidifying disintegrate curve but the cohesive soil humidifying disintegrate curve of test acquisition can not be fitted.
Summary of the invention
1. invention to solve the technical problem that
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, provide a kind of cohesive soil humidifying disintegration tester and test method thereof, adopt technical scheme, simple in construction, easy to operate, data are accurate, adopt the collaborative mensuration together of the gentle electronic balance in hydrostatic power sky to be placed in and contain the humidifying disintegrate of soil sample in sample rack, it is possible to draw the cohesive soil humidifying disintegrate curve of reality of more fitting.
2. technical scheme
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, technical scheme provided by the invention is:
A kind of cohesive soil humidifying disintegration tester of the present invention, including support, the top board of described support is placed with hydrostatic power balance; The top board of described support is connected with tank, and this tank is placed on electronic balance; Being provided with the Sheng sample rack for placing soil sample in described tank, this Sheng sample rack ties up on the hook of hydrostatic power sky flat bottoms.
Further, the linked network that described Sheng sample rack is become aperture to be 10 �� 10mm by the square chassis of length of side 100mm with the braided steel wire thick with 0.15mm is constituted.
Further, the planform of described tank is square, and tank is made up of lucite.
The test method of a kind of cohesive soil humidifying of the present invention, the steps include:
1) no-load test: be suspended on the hook of hydrostatic power sky flat bottoms by containing sample rack, is placed on electronic balance by tank and adds water in tank till being submerged by Shengs sample rack, and recording the reading shown on now hydrostatic power balance is me, on electronic balance, the reading of display is D^;
2) make cube soil sample: choose natural soil sample or prepare the disturbed sample of a certain moisture content and make cube soil sample, cube soil sample be sized to 50mm �� 50mm, and the quality recording cube soil sample is M;
3) slaking test: 1. cube soil sample be placed in Sheng sample rack and make cube soil sample be totally immersed in water, recording the reading of display on now hydrostatic power balance is m0, on electronic balance, the reading of display is D0; 2. along with test carries out, cube soil sample can humidifying disintegrate fall in tank gradually, and on hydrostatic power balance, the reading of display gradually decreases, and on electronic balance, the reading of display increases therewith, at not t (t=1s, 2s, 3s, 4s in the same time, 5s, 6s, 7s, 8s, 9s, 10s, 11s, 12s, 13s, 14s, 15s, 16s, 17s, 18s, 19s, 20s) reading of recording on hydrostatic power balance display is mt, on electronic balance, the reading of display is Dt;
4) data process: utilize electronic balance reading process be:In formula: PtT cube soil sample accumulation disintegrate amount/%, D^Electronic balance initial reading (when empty Sheng sample rack is immersed in the water the reading of display on electronic balance)/g, D0The reading of display/g, D on the electronic balance in moment on-testtQuality/the g of reading/g, M cube soil sample of display on the electronic balance of t, it is thus achieved that not t (t=1s, 2s, 3s, 4s, 5s, 6s in the same time, 7s, 8s, 9s, 10s, 11s, 12s, 13s, 14s, 15s, 16s, 17s, 18s, 19s, 20s) the reading D of display on electronic balancetThe disintegrate amount P being converted intot;
Hydrostatic power balance reading is utilized to process:In formula: BtThe cube soil sample disintegrate amount when time t/%, m0The reading of display/g, m on the hydrostatic power balance in moment on-testtThe reading of display/g, m on hydrostatic power balance corresponding to time teHydrostatic power balance initial reading (empty contain when sample rack (3) is immersed in the water on hydrostatic power balance the reading of display)/g, it is thus achieved that not t (t=1s, 2s, 3s in the same time, 4s, 5s, 6s, 7s, 8s, 9s, 10s, 11s, 12s, 13s, 14s, 15s, 16s, 17s, 18s, 19s, 20s) the reading m of display on hydrostatic power balancetThe disintegrate amount B being converted intot;
5) set up disintegrate amount and disintegration time graph of a relation: setting up rectangular coordinate system, axis of abscissas represents time disintegration time/s, and axis of ordinates represents disintegrate amount/%, marks and step 4 in rectangular coordinate system) in process the one group of data point (P obtainedt, t), (Bt, t) one group of coordinate points that (t=1s, 2s, 3s, 4s, 5s, 6s, 7s, 8s, 9s, 10s, 11s, 12s, 13s, 14s, 15s, 16s, 17s, 18s, 19s, 20s) is corresponding, and draw out cohesive soil humidifying disintegrate curve.
3. beneficial effect
Adopt technical scheme provided by the invention, compared with existing known technology, there is following remarkable result:
(1) a kind of cohesive soil humidifying disintegration tester of the present invention, the top board of its support is placed with hydrostatic power balance, the top board of support is connected with tank, this tank is placed on electronic balance, the Sheng sample rack for placing soil sample it is provided with in tank, this Sheng sample rack ties up on the hook of hydrostatic power sky flat bottoms, simple in construction, processing ease, the gentle electronic balance in hydrostatic power sky is used to measure, improve the accuracy of reading, and adopt the collaborative mensuration together of the gentle electronic balance in hydrostatic power sky to be placed in and contain the humidifying disintegrate of soil sample in sample rack, can contrast and determine test data comparatively accurately selectively,
(2) a kind of cohesive soil humidifying disintegration tester of the present invention, the planform of its tank is cube-shaped, and tank is made up of lucite, it is simple to observe humidifying disintegrate;
(3) test method of a kind of cohesive soil humidifying of the present invention, its cohesive soil is at the humidifying disintegrate initial stage, the moisture absorption weightening finish of soil sample can affect the electronic balance reading to disintegrate amount data, and hydrostatic power balance can measure cohesive soil preferably and touch the humidifying situation of the instant water soil body, carrying out along with test, the soil sample of humidifying disintegrate departs from linked network and falls in tank, in order to farthest reduce the humidifying weightening finish impact on slaking test, the weight peeling off soil sample is directly measured by the electronic balance of bottom, the weightening finish of soil body humidifying can be reduced disintegrate is measured fixed impact, by adopting collaborative the mensuration together of the gentle electronic balance in hydrostatic power sky to be placed in the method for soil sample humidifying disintegrate in sample rack of containing, binding tests data energy drafting place more fit reality cohesive soil humidifying disintegrate curve.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of cohesive soil humidifying disintegration tester of the present invention;
Fig. 2 be a kind of cohesive soil humidifying of the present invention test method in step 4) process obtain tables of data;
Fig. 3 be a kind of cohesive soil humidifying of the present invention test method in step 5) coordinate system set up.
Label declaration in schematic diagram: 1, hydrostatic power balance; 2, electronic balance; 3, sample rack is contained; 4, support; 5, tank; 6, soil sample.
Detailed description of the invention
For further appreciating that present disclosure, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, a kind of cohesive soil humidifying disintegration tester of the present embodiment, including support 4, the top board of support 4 is placed with hydrostatic power balance 1; The top board of support 4 is connected with tank 5, and this tank 5 is placed on electronic balance 2, and the planform of tank 5 is cube-shaped, and tank 5 is made up of lucite, it is simple to observe humidifying disintegrate; It is provided with in tank 5 and constitutes for the linked network that in sample rack 3 the present embodiment, Sheng sample rack 3 is become aperture to be 10 �� 10mm by the square chassis of length of side 100mm with the braided steel wire thick with 0.15mm of containing placing soil sample 6; Contain sample rack 3 and tie up on the hook bottom hydrostatic power balance 1;Simple in construction, processing ease, uses the gentle electronic balance in hydrostatic power sky to measure, improves the accuracy of reading, and adopt hydrostatic power balance 1 and electronic balance 2 collaborative together with measure to be placed in and contain the humidifying disintegrate of soil sample 6 in sample rack 3, it is possible to test data comparatively accurately is determined in contrast selectively.
4, the test method of a kind of cohesive soil humidifying, the steps include:
1) no-load test: be suspended on the hook bottom hydrostatic power balance 1 by containing sample rack 3, being placed on electronic balance 2 by tank 5 and add water in tank 5 till being submerged by Shengs sample rack 3, recording the reading shown on now hydrostatic power balance 1 is me, on electronic balance 2, the reading of display is D^;
2) make cube soil sample 6: choose natural soil sample or prepare the disturbed sample of a certain moisture content and make cube soil sample 6, cube soil sample 6 be sized to 50mm �� 50mm, and the quality recording cube soil sample 6 is M;
3) slaking test: 1. cube soil sample 6 be placed in Sheng sample rack 3 and make cube soil sample 6 be totally immersed in water, recording the reading of display on now hydrostatic power balance 1 is m0, on electronic balance 2, the reading of display is D0; 2. along with test carries out, cube soil sample 6 can humidifying disintegrate fall in tank 5 gradually, and on hydrostatic power balance 1, the reading of display gradually decreases, and on electronic balance 2, the reading of display increases therewith, at not t (t=1s, 2s, 3s, 4s in the same time, 5s, 6s, 7s, 8s, 9s, 10s, 11s, 12s, 13s, 14s, 15s, 16s, 17s, 18s, 19s, 20s) reading of recording on hydrostatic power balance 1 display is mt, on electronic balance 2, the reading of display is Dt;
4) data process: utilize electronic balance 2 reading process be:In formula: PtT cube soil sample 6 accumulation disintegrate amount/%, D^Electronic balance 2 initial reading sky contains the reading shown on electronic balance 2 when sample rack 3 is immersed in the water)/g, D0The reading of display/g, D on the electronic balance 2 in moment on-testtQuality/the g of reading/g, M cube soil sample 6 of display on the electronic balance 2 of t, it is thus achieved that not t (t=1s, 2s, 3s, 4s, 5s, 6s in the same time, 7s, 8s, 9s, 10s, 11s, 12s, 13s, 14s, 15s, 16s, 17s, 18s, 19s, 20s) the reading D of display on electronic balance 2tThe disintegrate amount P being converted intot;
Hydrostatic power balance 1 reading is utilized to process:In formula: BtThe cube soil sample 6 disintegrate amount when time t/%, m0The reading of display/g, m on the hydrostatic power balance 1 in moment on-testtThe reading of display/g, m on hydrostatic power balance 1 corresponding to time teHydrostatic power balance 1 initial reading sky contains sample rack 3 reading/g of display on hydrostatic power balance 1 when being immersed in the water, it is thus achieved that not t (t=1s, 2s, 3s in the same time, 4s, 5s, 6s, 7s, 8s, 9s, 10s, 11s, 12s, 13s, 14s, 15s, 16s, 17s, 18s, 19s, 20s) the reading m of display on hydrostatic power balance 1tThe disintegrate amount B being converted intot;
5) disintegrate amount and disintegration time graph of a relation (shown in Figure 3) are set up: set up rectangular coordinate system, axis of abscissas represents time disintegration time/s, axis of ordinates represents disintegrate amount/%, marks and step 4 in rectangular coordinate system) in process one group of data point (P obtainingt, t), (Bt, t) (t=1s, 2s, 3s, 4s, 5s, 6s, 7s, 8s, 9s, 10s, 11s, 12s, 13s, 14s, 15s, 16s, 17s, 18s, 19s, 20s) (shown in Figure 2) corresponding one group of coordinate points, and draw out cohesive soil humidifying disintegrate curve.
In cohesive soil immersion process, because of the forfeiture of the structures join between grogs and intensity so that soil sample 6 collapses and dissipates disintegration. In disintegrating procedue, there is obvious moisture absorption process in soil sample 6, and the moisture absorption weightening finish of soil sample 6 with collapse scattered disintegration and carry out simultaneously, the weight increased in the moisture absorption of disintegrate early stage soil sample 6 can more than collapsing the weight dissipating disintegration, the a-b stage in Fig. 3, this stage is the moisture absorption stage, and the weightening finish of soil sample 6 moisture absorption is more than collapsing scattered disintegration loss of weight, and numerical value is presented as that disintegrate amount is negative value; Carrying out along with humidifying disintegrate, outer layer soil sample 6 is close to saturated, and cause that soil intergranular texture couples the emersion of gas in fracture and hole, soil sample 6 disintegrate is aggravated, soil sample 6 collapses the weight dissipating disintegration and is greater than amount of humidification, in the b-c stage in Fig. 3, this stage is the disintegrate stage, numerical value show as disintegrate amount on the occasion of;
The test starting stage, soil sample 6 is placed in Sheng sample rack 3 place, and the moisture absorption weightening finish of soil sample 6 can affect the electronic balance 2 reading to disintegrate amount data, and hydrostatic power balance 1 can measure cohesive soil preferably and touch the humidifying situation of the instant water soil body; Carrying out along with test, the soil sample 6 of humidifying disintegrate departs from Sheng sample rack 3 and falls in tank 5, in order to farthest reduce the humidifying weightening finish impact on slaking test, the weight peeling off soil sample 6 is directly measured by the electronic balance 2 of bottom, the weightening finish of soil sample 6 humidifying can be reduced disintegrate is measured fixed impact, by collaborative two kinds of experimental techniques, binding tests data energy drafting place is more fitted the cohesive soil humidifying disintegrate curve of reality, i.e. disintegrate curve in Fig. 3.
The disintegrate phase data (Fig. 3 b-c section) that the humidifying phase data (Fig. 3 a-b section) measured in conjunction with top hydrostatic power balance 1 and bottom electronic balance 2 measure, collaborative two kinds of disintegrate curves obtain the disintegrate curve of cohesive soil, can effectively actual disintegrating procedue be quantified.
A kind of cohesive soil humidifying disintegration tester of the present invention and test method thereof, simple in construction, easy to operate, data are accurate, measure to be placed in together with employing hydrostatic power balance 1 is collaborative with electronic balance 2 and contain the humidifying disintegrate of soil sample 6 in sample rack, it is possible to draw the cohesive soil humidifying disintegrate curve of reality of more fitting.
Schematically the present invention and embodiment thereof being described above, this description does not have restricted, and shown in accompanying drawing is also one of embodiments of the present invention, and actual structure is not limited thereto. So, if those of ordinary skill in the art is enlightened by it, when without departing from the invention objective, design the frame mode similar to this technical scheme and embodiment without creationary, protection scope of the present invention all should be belonged to.
Claims (4)
1. a cohesive soil humidifying disintegration tester, including support (4), it is characterised in that: the top board of described support (4) is placed with hydrostatic power balance (1); The top board of described support (4) is connected with tank (5), and this tank (5) is placed on electronic balance (2); Being provided with Sheng sample rack (3) for placing soil sample (6) in described tank (5), this Sheng sample rack (3) ties up on the hook of hydrostatic power balance (1) bottom.
2. a kind of cohesive soil humidifying disintegration tester according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the linked network that described Sheng sample rack (3) is become aperture to be 10 �� 10mm by the square chassis of length of side 100mm with the braided steel wire thick with 0.15mm is constituted.
3. a kind of cohesive soil humidifying disintegration tester according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the planform of described tank (5) is cube-shaped, and tank (5) is made up of lucite.
4. a test method for cohesive soil humidifying, the steps include:
1) no-load test: sample rack (3) will be contained and be suspended on the hook of hydrostatic power balance (1) bottom, tank (5) being placed on electronic balance (2) and above and adds water in tank (5) till Sheng sample rack (3) being submerged, recording the upper reading shown of now hydrostatic power balance (1) is me, the reading of the upper display of electronic balance (2) is D^;
2) cube soil sample (6) is made: choose natural soil sample or prepare the disturbed sample of a certain moisture content and make cube soil sample (6), cube soil sample (6) be sized to 50mm �� 50mm, and the quality recording cube soil sample (6) is M;
3) slaking test: 1. cube soil sample (6) be placed in Sheng sample rack (3) and make cube soil sample (6) be totally immersed in water, the reading recording the upper display of now hydrostatic power balance (1) is m0, the reading of the upper display of electronic balance (2) is D0; 2. along with test carries out, cube soil sample (6) can humidifying disintegrate fall in tank (5) gradually, and the reading of the upper display of hydrostatic power balance (1) gradually decreases, and the reading of the upper display of electronic balance (2) increases therewith, at not t (t=1s, 2s in the same time, 3s, 4s, 5s, 6s, 7s, 8s, 9s, 10s, 11s, 12s, 13s, 14s, 15s, 16s, 17s, 18s, 19s, 20s) reading of recording the upper display of hydrostatic power balance (1) is mt, the reading of the upper display of electronic balance (2) is Dt;
4) data process: utilize electronic balance (2) reading process be:In formula: PtT cube soil sample (6) accumulation disintegrate amount/%, D^ electronic balance (2) initial reading (when empty Sheng sample rack (3) is immersed in the water the reading of the upper display of electronic balance (2))/g, D0The reading of the upper display of the electronic balance (2) in moment on-test/g, DtQuality/the g of the reading of the upper display of the electronic balance (2) of t/g, M cube soil sample (6), it is thus achieved that not t (t=1s, 2s in the same time, 3s, 4s, 5s, 6s, 7s, 8s, 9s, 10s, 11s, 12s, 13s, 14s, 15s, 16s, 17s, 18s, 19s, 20s) the upper reading D shown of electronic balance (2)tThe disintegrate amount P being converted intot;
Hydrostatic power balance (1) reading is utilized to process:In formula: BtThe cube soil sample (6) the disintegrate amount when time t/%, m0The reading of the upper display of hydrostatic power balance (1) in moment on-test/g, mtThe reading of the upper display of hydrostatic power balance (1) corresponding to time t/g, meHydrostatic power balance (1) initial reading (empty contain the reading of hydrostatic power balance (1) upper display when sample rack (3) is immersed in the water)/g, it is thus achieved that not t (t=1s, 2s, 3s in the same time, 4s, 5s, 6s, 7s, 8s, 9s, 10s, 11s, 12s, 13s, 14s, 15s, 16s, 17s, 18s, 19s, 20s) the upper reading m shown of hydrostatic power balance (1)tThe disintegrate amount B being converted intot;
5) set up disintegrate amount and disintegration time graph of a relation: setting up rectangular coordinate system, axis of abscissas represents time disintegration time/s, and axis of ordinates represents disintegrate amount/%, marks and step 4 in rectangular coordinate system) in process the one group of data point (P obtainedt, t), (Bt, t) one group of coordinate points that (t=1s, 2s, 3s, 4s, 5s, 6s, 7s, 8s, 9s, 10s, 11s, 12s, 13s, 14s, 15s, 16s, 17s, 18s, 19s, 20s) is corresponding, and draw out cohesive soil humidifying disintegrate curve.
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| CN107389491A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-11-24 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of soil body disintegration experimental provision and application method |
| CN107389490A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2017-11-24 | 塔里木大学 | A kind of disintegration of test unsaturated soil, the experimental rig of humidifying and method |
| CN107607428A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-01-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of monitoring system and method for the Concrete Material water absorption rate of monitoring in real time |
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