CN105699240A - Method and device for determining water holding capacity of karst forest litters - Google Patents
Method and device for determining water holding capacity of karst forest litters Download PDFInfo
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- CN105699240A CN105699240A CN201610203472.6A CN201610203472A CN105699240A CN 105699240 A CN105699240 A CN 105699240A CN 201610203472 A CN201610203472 A CN 201610203472A CN 105699240 A CN105699240 A CN 105699240A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/02—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by absorbing or adsorbing components of a material and determining change of weight of the adsorbent, e.g. determining moisture content
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for determining the water holding capacity of karst forest litters. The method comprises the following steps: 1, collecting the litters and determining the water content: investigating the storage amount of the litters of different forests and determining the water content; 2, determining the water holding capacity of the litters: taking quantitative litter samples which are dried with air, and filling the litters into the device; putting the sample onto a plastic basin of a litter water holding capacity determination device which is fully filled with water; immersing respectively and pouring the water in the plastic basin and continually putting a net bag onto the plastic basin; weighing until the litters do not drop the water; and 3, calculating the water holding amount, water holding rate and water absorption speed of the litters. An iron ring and a handle form a whole body; the iron ring is connected with the handle; a nylon net is sewed on the iron ring through a nylon wire; and the iron ring, the handle and the nylon net bag are arranged on the plastic basin, and the iron ring is tangent to a basin opening. The method and the device are strong in operability, simple, convenient and feasible; and the water holding capacity of the litters is quantitatively analyzed through indoor operation, and a data support is provided for researching a karst forest litter water source conservation function.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the litter moisture holding capacity determination techniques field, it is more particularly to a kind of karst Forest Litter moisture holding capacity method for measuring, also relate to the device that a kind of karst Forest Litter moisture holding capacity measures, be particularly suited for karst forest research。
Background technology
The litter is the important component part of forest ecosystem, is the basis of organic main matter storehouse, forest land and maintenance of soil fertility, is the key link of material circulation in ecosystem, has important water and soil conservation and water conservation ecological functions。Because being subject to the impact of the factor such as rainfall and the time of the duration of rainfall, the density of crop, crown canopy saturating rain characteristic, the gradient and soil porosity, the litter water retention characteristic of Different forest stands is carried out in situ quantitative study relatively difficult, therefore, the indoor bowssening of many employings studies the maximum water-holding capacities of Litter Layer and maximum specific retention at present。
Karst landform accounts for the 15% of Global land area, about 22,000,000 km2, live for about 1,000,000,000 people (accounting for the 17% of population in the world) and life simultaneously。Karst has the Condition of Fragile Environment that same desert edge is the same, is one of main in the world Ecotone, and its Ecological Fragility shows that environmental carrying capacity is little, capacity of resisting disturbance is weak, stability is low and capacity of self-regulation is poor。Southwestern China Karst Area is positioned at the East Asia sheet district center in big one of Karst Development district in flakes of the world three, and area is 540,000 km about2, it is karst continuous distribution band maximum in the world。Mountain region, this area area is big, and precipitation is plentiful, and solvable regosol speed is slow, and soil layer is thin, and soil loss tolerance is low, and soil erosion risk factor is high, is non-regional Ecotone, its ecological environment once destroy recover that difficulty is big and inefficiency and slowly。Since 20th century, karst afforestation rate sharply declines, and soil erosion and stony desertification aggravate, Karst Area ecological functions serious degradation。
In the face of Global climate change, degenerate in Karst ecosystem habitat, assessing index, and water retention property declines, and afforestation can dramatically increase the organic C storage of ecosystem, promote ecosystem function。Afforestation engineering obtains the attention of government and supports energetically in karst。Karst forest the litter reserves and water retention characteristic research are particularly significant for understanding Karst forest ecological significance in moisture self-restraint, and presently relevant research is very few。Therefore, the method for specification karst Forest Litter water retention property research seems of crucial importance and very urgent。
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to, for Karst forest the litter moisture holding capacity, by force but its size is difficult to a difficult problem for in-site detecting, a kind of method providing the litter moisture holding capacity indoor measurement, the method is workable, simple and easy to do, by in-house operation quantitative analysis the litter moisture holding capacity size, data support can be provided to research Karst forest the litter Characteristics and Water Conservation Function。
Another object of the present invention is to there are provided the device that a kind of karst Forest Litter moisture holding capacity measures, simple in construction, easy to use, with iron wire, nylon wire and plastic tub for instrument, draw materials easily, cost low, it is possible to the convenient mensuration completing the litter moisture holding capacity。Use this device can at utmost simulate the water retention property under the litter naturalness, provide technical support for Karst forest the litter ecological functions research。
A kind of Karst forest the litter moisture holding capacity method for measuring, the steps include:
Step 1, litter raking and measurement of water-content coefficient: the 1m × 1m sample investigation different woodland the litter reserves arranged by " quincunx " five-spot in the sample ground chosen, and respectively take part the litter mensuration moisture content。
Step 2, the litter moisture holding capacity measure: take quantitatively air-dry after the litter sample 1kg load in prepared the litter moisture holding capacity determinator, it is subsequently placed in the plastic tub in the litter moisture holding capacity determinator filling water, after soaking 0.5,1,1.5,2,4,6,8,10,12 and 16h respectively, pour out water in plastic tub, continue to be placed in plastic tub by the string bag and weigh when not dripping to the litter。2-4 the repetition in ground of every sample。Step 3, the water-holding capacity of the litter, specific retention and rate of water absorption are calculated as follows:
The litter water-holding capacity (t hm-2)=[the litter weight in wet base (kg m-2)-the litter oven-dried weight (kg m-2)]×10
The litter specific retention=(the litter water-holding capacity/the litter dry weight) × 100%
The litter rate of water absorption (kg kg-1·h-1)=the litter water-holding capacity (kg kg-1)/absorbent time (h)。
Wherein: t represents absorbent time, hm2Represent area (hectare), kg representation quality (kilogram), m2Representing area (square metre), h represents the time (hour)。
The device that a kind of karst Forest Litter moisture holding capacity measures, it is made up of iron ring, handle, the nylon string bag, plastic tub, its annexation is: iron ring constitutes an entirety, the different piece that respectively same iron wire (not cutting off) is converted into handle；Nylon wire homogeneity same specification nylon wire sews on iron ring；This iron ring, handle, the nylon string bag are placed in plastic tub together, and iron ring is just tangent with basin mouth。Its preparation method is: by iron wire (diameter 4.1mm, about length 50cm) it is converted into the iron ring of diameter 14cm, residue iron wire twists into handle, iron ring is connected with handle, nylon wire (aperture 1mm, width 25cm, length 25cm) is sewed and (sews up according to nylon wire outer rim) on the iron ring that iron wire is converted into, the nylon string bag formed is placed in the plastic tub of bore (internal diameter) 14cm, string bag upper limb and basin mouth tangent (except handle)。2-3cm at the bottom of the nylon string bag 3 distance from bottom basin。
The present invention has the advantages that relative to prior art
1, the present invention has been initially grasped by karst Forest Litter and has studied that less problem karst bare rock area is relatively big, litter raking difficulty, the litter moisture holding capacity are difficult in situ quantitation mensuration etc. and cause that correlational study is few。The invention provides a kind of karst Forest Litter moisture holding capacity method for measuring, workable, effect is notable, and the available time is long。
2, the object of the invention is clear and definite, formulate practical, feasible the litter moisture holding capacity assay method, the problem solving karst Forest Litter moisture holding capacity in-site detecting and quantitative analysis difficult, establishes the Research foundation on critical process for Karst forest ecosystem function research under research whole world change environment。
3, the present invention is simple and practical, workable, and effect is notable, provides a kind of concrete grammar for Forest Litter water conservation capability study, has broad application prospects。
Karst forest the litter moisture holding capacity is easy and simple to handle, result is accurately credible to use this device to measure, and can at utmost simulate the water retention property under the litter naturalness, provides technical support for Karst forest the litter ecological functions research。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the device schematic diagram that a kind of karst Forest Litter moisture holding capacity measures。
Fig. 2 is that a kind of the litter moisture holding capacity measures glove string bag skeleton iron circle schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is that a kind of the litter moisture holding capacity measures glove part nylon wire pocket schematic diagram；
In figure: 1-iron ring；2-handle；The 3-nylon string bag；4-plastic tub。
Fig. 4 is the relation schematic diagram of a kind of the litter water-holding capacity and soak time。
QT: wingceltis Wing-hackberry；JM: spend wood ChinaLoropetal in vain；FX: sweetgum BeautifulSweetgum；WJ: Cortex Sapii rotundifolii Radicis Round-leavedTallow-tree；BJ: Radix Alangii ChineseAlangium；HJ: five-leaved chaste tree NegundoChaste-tree
Fig. 5 is the relation schematic diagram of a kind of the litter specific retention and soak time。
QT: wingceltis Wing-hackberry；JM: spend wood ChinaLoropetal in vain；FX: sweetgum BeautifulSweetgum；WJ: Cortex Sapii rotundifolii Radicis Round-leavedTallow-tree；BJ: Radix Alangii ChineseAlangium；HJ: five-leaved chaste tree NegundoChaste-tree
Fig. 6 is the relation schematic diagram of a kind of the litter rate of water absorption and soak time。
QT: wingceltis Wing-hackberry；JM: spend wood ChinaLoropetal in vain；FX: sweetgum BeautifulSweetgum；WJ: Cortex Sapii rotundifolii Radicis Round-leavedTallow-tree；BJ: Radix Alangii ChineseAlangium；HJ: five-leaved chaste tree NegundoChaste-tree
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1:
A kind of karst Forest Litter moisture holding capacity method for measuring, the steps include:
Step (1), litter raking and measurement of water-content coefficient: the 1m × 1m sample investigation different woodland the litter reserves arranged by " quincunx " five-spot in the sample ground chosen, and respectively take part the litter and weigh and dry to measure moisture content。
Step (2), the litter moisture holding capacity measure: take the litter sample 1kg after drying and load in prepared the litter moisture holding capacity determinator, it is subsequently placed in the plastic tub in the litter moisture holding capacity determinator filling water, after soaking 0.5,1,1.5,2,4,6,8,10,12 and 16h respectively, pour out water in plastic tub, continue to be placed in plastic tub by the string bag and weigh when not dripping to the litter。2 or 3 or 4 repetitions in ground of every sample。
Step (3), the water-holding capacity of the litter, specific retention and rate of water absorption are calculated as follows:
The litter water-holding capacity (t hm-2)=[the litter weight in wet base (kg m-2)-the litter oven-dried weight (kg m-2)]×10
The litter specific retention=(the litter water-holding capacity/the litter dry weight) × 100%
The litter rate of water absorption (kg kg-1·h-1)=the litter water-holding capacity (kg kg-1)/absorbent time (h)。
For wingceltis shown in earlier charts, the wingceltis the litter that 1kg is dried absorbs water after 0.5,1,1.5,2,4,6,8,10,12 and 16h respectively, claim the litter weight in wet base of the heavily i.e. formula listed above of its water suction, substitute into above-mentioned formula, can calculating respectively and obtain the different water suction the litter water-holding capacity of period, specific retention and rate of water absorption, result is as shown in the table:
The device that a kind of karst Forest Litter moisture holding capacity measures, it is made up of iron ring 1, handle 2, the nylon string bag 3, plastic tub 4, its annexation is: iron ring 1 and handle 2 constitute an entirety, and iron ring 1 and handle 2 are the different piece that same iron wire (not cutting off) is converted into；Nylon wire homogeneity same specification nylon wire sews on iron ring 1；Being placed in plastic tub 4 together by iron ring 1, handle 2, the nylon string bag 3, iron ring 1 is just tangent with basin mouth。Its preparation method is: by iron wire (diameter 4.1mm, about length 50cm) it is converted into the iron ring 1 of diameter 14cm, residue iron wire twists into handle 2, iron ring 1 is connected with handle 2, nylon wire (aperture 1mm, width 25cm, length 25cm) is sewed and (sews up according to nylon wire outer rim) on the iron ring 1 that iron wire is converted into, the nylon string bag 3 formed is placed in the plastic tub 4 of bore (internal diameter) 14cm, the nylon string bag 3 upper limb and basin mouth tangent (except handle)。2-3cm at the bottom of the nylon string bag 3 distance from bottom basin。
Take air-dry after the litter sample 1kg load the litter moisture holding capacity determinator, it is subsequently placed in the plastic tub in the litter moisture holding capacity determinator filling water, after soaking 0.5,1,1.5,2,4,6,8,10,12 and 16h respectively, pour out water in plastic tub, continue to be placed in plastic tub by the string bag and weigh when not dripping to the litter。2 or 3 or 4 repetitions in ground of every sample。
It is calculated as follows the water-holding capacity of the litter, specific retention and rate of water absorption respectively:
The litter water-holding capacity (t hm-2)=[the litter weight in wet base (kg m-2)-the litter oven-dried weight (kg m-2)]×10
The litter specific retention=(the litter water-holding capacity/the litter dry weight) × 100%
The litter rate of water absorption (kg kg-1·h-1)=the litter water-holding capacity (kg kg-1)/absorbent time (h)
Specific embodiment described herein is only to present invention spirit explanation for example。Described specific embodiment can be made various amendment or supplements or adopt similar mode to substitute by those skilled in the art, but without departing from the spirit of the present invention or surmount the scope that appended claims is defined。
Claims (4)
1. the method for measuring of Karst forest the litter moisture holding capacity, the steps include:
A, litter raking and measurement of water-content coefficient: the 1m × 1m sample investigation different woodland the litter reserves arranged by quincunx five-spot in the sample ground chosen, and respectively take the litter mensuration moisture content；
B, the litter moisture holding capacity measure: take quantitatively air-dry after the litter sample 1kg load in prepared the litter moisture holding capacity determinator, it is subsequently placed in the plastic tub in the litter moisture holding capacity determinator filling water, after soaking 0.5,1,1.5,2,4,6,8,10,12 and 16h respectively, pour out water in plastic tub, continuing to be placed in plastic tub by the string bag and weigh when not dripping to the litter, every sample ground 2-4 repeats；
C, the water-holding capacity of the litter, specific retention and rate of water absorption are calculated as follows:
The litter water-holding capacity t hm-2=the litter weight in wet base kg m-2-the litter oven-dried weight kg m-2× 10；
The litter specific retention=the litter water-holding capacity/the litter dry weight × 100%；
The litter rate of water absorption kg kg-1·h-1=the litter water-holding capacity kg kg-1/ absorbent time h。
2. the device that a kind of karst Forest Litter moisture holding capacity described in claim 1 measures, it is made up of iron ring (1), handle (2), the nylon string bag (3), plastic tub (4), it is characterized in that: iron ring (1) constitutes an entirety with handle (2), iron ring (1) and handle (2) are that an iron wire is converted into, nylon wire nylon wire sews on iron ring (1), being placed in plastic tub (4) together by iron ring (1), handle (2), the nylon string bag (3), iron ring (1) is tangent with basin mouth。
3. the device that a kind of karst according to claim 2 Forest Litter moisture holding capacity measures, it is characterized in that: described iron ring (1) is connected with handle (2), being sewed on the iron ring (1) that iron wire is converted into by nylon wire, the nylon string bag (3) is placed in plastic tub (4)。
4. the device that a kind of karst according to claim 2 Forest Litter moisture holding capacity measures, it is characterised in that: 2-3cm at the bottom of the described nylon string bag (3) distance from bottom basin。
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109238910A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-18 | 贵州大学 | A kind of accurate measuring method of Forest Litter moisture holding capacity |
| CN111879655A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-11-03 | 河南省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Meat system hydraulic power measuring device |
| CN112365137A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-02-12 | 贵州大学 | Method for measuring karst habitat level heterogeneity based on microbial environment types |
| CN114839102A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-08-02 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for measuring water retention of garden herbaceous plants |
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| JPH06186153A (en) * | 1992-12-17 | 1994-07-08 | Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd | Water absorption rate |
| CN203643288U (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-06-11 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Shrub grass water-holding capacity simulating measurement device |
-
2016
- 2016-04-01 CN CN201610203472.6A patent/CN105699240A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06186153A (en) * | 1992-12-17 | 1994-07-08 | Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd | Water absorption rate |
| CN203643288U (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-06-11 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Shrub grass water-holding capacity simulating measurement device |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 曾昭霞 等: "桂西北喀斯特区原生林与次生林凋落物储量及持水特性", 《生态学杂志》 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109238910A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-18 | 贵州大学 | A kind of accurate measuring method of Forest Litter moisture holding capacity |
| CN111879655A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-11-03 | 河南省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Meat system hydraulic power measuring device |
| CN111879655B (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2022-02-01 | 河南省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Meat system hydraulic power measuring device |
| CN112365137A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-02-12 | 贵州大学 | Method for measuring karst habitat level heterogeneity based on microbial environment types |
| CN112365137B (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2022-03-29 | 贵州大学 | Method for measuring karst habitat level heterogeneity based on microbial environment types |
| CN114839102A (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-08-02 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for measuring water retention of garden herbaceous plants |
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