CN108776210A - A kind of ground that drying and watering cycle is coupled with temperature disintegration experimental provision and its experimental method - Google Patents

Abstract

A rock-soil disintegration experimental device and experimental method coupled with dry-wet cycle and temperature, including a support system, a data acquisition system, a measurement system, and a temperature control system. The support system includes a support frame, a first support rod, and a second support rod ; The data acquisition system includes a balance; the measurement system includes: a glass box, a metal grid, rock and soil samples and four cotton threads; the temperature control system includes a thermometer, and a water bath thermostat; the glass box is placed in the water bath thermostat, and the water bath thermostat A balance is set above the support frame, one end of the balance is horizontally equipped with a first pole, the rock and soil sample is placed on the metal grid, the upper side of the support frame is provided with a second pole, and one end of the thermometer is hung on the second pole. On the two poles, the other end extends into the glass box. The invention is simple in structure and easy to manufacture, and is suitable for disintegration experiments of samples of different specifications and qualities on metal grids of different temperatures and sizes after passing through different times of drying and wetting cycles, and can simply and directly observe the disintegration of samples Happening.

Description

A rock-soil disintegration experimental device and experimental method coupled with dry-wet cycle and temperature

technical field

The invention relates to a rock and soil disintegration experimental instrument, in particular to a rock and soil disintegration experimental device and an experimental method coupled with dry-wet cycle and temperature.

Background technique

Disintegration, also known as wetting, refers to the phenomenon of rapid structural damage, loss of strength, and cracking and decomposition of soil after contact with water. The reason for the disintegration of rock and soil is that the water entering the pores or fissures is not balanced, resulting in uneven stress inside the rock and soil mass, resulting in stress concentration, and causing the rock and soil mass to peel off along the surface with the greatest stress.

In the early stage of the disintegration test of rock and soil, the sample was directly put into still water, and the disintegration of the sample could be seen intuitively, which belonged to qualitative analysis and could not meet the accurate quantitative measurement; The most important is the Archimedes principle, which uses the displacement to measure the disintegration of rock and soil samples, such as a rock and soil disintegration test instrument (201120002728.X, CN201965067U), a soil disintegration instrument (200910273061.4, CN101710115B), large granite Residual soil disintegration instrument (201110392742.X, CN1024435719A), loess large test block disintegration instrument (200920032423.6, CN201397328Y). However, these methods generally have some disadvantages. For example, the first two experimental instruments and methods need to artificially determine the stable state of the experiment submerged in the water, and keep the buoy upright, but the condition of the buoy is difficult to stabilize, and the accuracy of the experimental results is poor; Another example is a rock and soil disintegration experimental device and method (201310347377.X, CN103399140B), which uses a spring dynamometer to directly read the disintegration data. The coupling of circulation and temperature has limitations in experiments. For the further development of scientific experiments, it is necessary to design a temperature-adjustable rock and soil disintegration experimental device and its experimental method.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiency in the above-mentioned background technology, meet the actual needs, and provide a kind of temperature-adjustable rock-soil disintegration experimental device and its experimental method.

The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is.

A rock and soil disintegration experimental device coupled with dry-wet cycle and temperature, including a support system, a data acquisition system, a measurement system and a temperature control system, the support system includes a support frame, a first pole and a second pole; the data acquisition system It includes a balance; the measurement system includes: a glass box, a metal grid, rock and soil samples and four cotton threads; the temperature control system includes a thermometer and a water bath thermostat.

Among them, the glass box is placed in the water-bath constant temperature box, and a balance is set on the top of the water-bath constant temperature box through a supporting frame. One end of the balance is horizontally equipped with a first pole. The first cotton thread, the second cotton thread, the third cotton thread, and the fourth cotton thread are tied at the corners respectively. The upper ends of the first cotton thread and the second cotton thread are twisted into one strand and hung on one end of the first pole, and the third cotton thread and the fourth cotton thread are tied together. The upper end is twisted into a strand and hung on the other end of the first pole, and the upper side of the support frame is provided with a second pole. One end of the thermometer is hung on the second pole, and the other end extends into the glass box.

Further, the support frame is composed of a support beam frame and four support legs, and the four support legs are respectively arranged around the outside of the water bath incubator.

An experimental method for a rock and soil disintegration experimental device includes the following steps.

(1) Add an appropriate amount of water to the glass box and put it into the water bath thermostat, and set the corresponding temperature through the water bath thermostat until the temperature of the water in the glass box, that is, the temperature of the thermometer, reaches the set temperature.

(2) Put the metal grid into the glass box with four cotton threads in an unloaded manner, adjust the position of the metal grid and the glass box, and adjust the weight of the first pole to read 0 on the balance at this time.

(3) Use a standard ring knife sample with a volume of 60cm3 to make rock and soil samples, control a certain dry density and moisture content, and go through a certain number of dry-wet cycles.

(4) Wipe off the water on the metal grid, put the rock and soil sample on the metal grid and slowly immerse in water, and record the balance reading m1 immediately after all the rock and soil samples are immersed in water. As the rock and soil sample disintegrates, The weight gradually decreases, and the balance reading gradually decreases. Record the balance reading according to the time interval of 10s, 20s, 30s, 1min, 1.5min to 1h, and record it every hour thereafter. The balance reading recorded at different times is mt, and observe at the same time The disintegration phenomenon of rock and soil samples in different time periods, when all the rock and soil samples have been disintegrated, or the balance reading remains unchanged within 1 hour; use the following formula to calculate the disintegration rate of rock and soil

In the formula, At is the disintegration rate (%) of the rock-soil sample at time t; m1 is the reading of the instantaneous balance (g) when the rock-soil sample is completely immersed in water; Reading (g).

(5) According to the calculation formula of disintegration rate of rock and soil, the disintegration speed of rock and soil samples at different temperatures, different moisture contents, different dry densities and different mesh sizes in different time periods is obtained, and the change curve of time and rate is drawn; At the same time, the rock and soil disintegration phenomenon can be observed in different periods, and the experiment is over.

The invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient manufacture and low price. Compared with the prior art, it can not only measure the disintegration of rock, but also measure the disintegration of soil, and is suitable for samples of different specifications and qualities at different temperatures, The disintegration experiment carried out on metal grids of different sizes can simply and directly observe the disintegration of the sample.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between time and balance readings under different dry densities with a grid aperture size of 9mm, a moisture content of 15%, and a temperature of 25°C measured by the experimental device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the relationship between the disintegration amount and time measured by the experimental device of the present invention with a grid aperture size of 6mm, a moisture content of 15%, a temperature of 25°C, and a dry density of 1.5g/ ^cm3 under different dry-wet cycle times.

In the figure, 1: support frame, 2: balance, 3: water bath incubator, 4: glass box, 5: first pole, 6: second pole, 7: thermometer, 8: metal grid, 9: rock Soil sample, 10: first cotton thread, 11: second cotton thread, 12: third cotton thread, 13: fourth cotton thread, 101: supporting leg, 102: supporting beam frame.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Embodiment 1: Referring to Fig. 1, a temperature-adjustable rock and soil disintegration experimental device includes a support system, a data acquisition system, a measurement system and a temperature control system, and the support system includes a support frame 1 and a first pole 5 and the second pole 6; the data acquisition system includes a balance 2; the measurement system includes: a glass box 4, a metal grid 8, a rock soil sample 9 and four cotton threads; the temperature control system includes a thermometer 7 and a water bath thermostat 3.

Among them, the glass box 4 is placed in the water-bath constant temperature box 3, and the top of the water-bath constant temperature box 3 is provided with a balance 2 through the support frame 1, and one end of the balance 2 is horizontally provided with a first pole 5, and the rock and soil sample 9 is placed on the metal mesh. On the grid 8, the four corners of the metal grid 8 are respectively the first cotton thread 10, the second cotton thread 11, the third cotton thread 12, and the fourth cotton thread 13, and the upper ends of the first cotton thread 10 and the second cotton thread 11 are twisted into a strand to hang At one end of the first pole 5, the upper ends of the third cotton thread 12 and the fourth cotton thread 13 are twisted into a strand and hung on the other end of the first pole 5, thus the position and control of the metal grid 8 can be adjusted by four cotton threads The distance between the sample and the bottom of the glass box, and ensure that the sample can be completely immersed in water during the measurement; the upper side of the support frame 1 is provided with a second support rod 6, one end of the thermometer 7 is suspended on the second support rod 6, and the other end into the glass case.

The support frame 1 is composed of a support beam frame 102 and four support legs 101, and the four support legs 101 are respectively arranged around the outside of the water bath incubator 3.

The adjustable temperature range of the water bath constant temperature box is from room temperature to 100°C, and the mesh number of the metal grid 8 can be selected according to rock and soil samples of different specifications and qualities.

Embodiment 2: The experimental method of a rock and soil disintegration experimental device is as follows.

(1) Add an appropriate amount of water into the glass box and put it into the water bath thermostat, and set the corresponding temperature through the water bath thermostat 3 until the temperature of the water in the glass box 4, that is, the temperature of the thermometer 7 reaches the set temperature.

(2) Put the metal grid into the glass box with four cotton threads in an unloaded manner, adjust the position of the metal grid and the glass box, and adjust the weight of the first pole to read 0 on the balance at this time.

(3) Use a standard ring knife sample with a volume of 60cm3 to make rock and soil samples, and control a certain dry density and moisture content.

(4) Wipe off the water on the metal grid 8, place the rock and soil sample 9 on the metal grid 8 and slowly immerse in water, and record the balance reading m1 immediately after being completely immersed in water, and the rock and soil sample 9 disintegrates As the process progresses, the weight gradually decreases, and the balance readings gradually decrease. The balance readings are recorded according to the time intervals of 10s, 20s, 30s, 1min, 1.5min to 1h, and then recorded every one hour. The balance readings recorded at different times are mt, observe the disintegration phenomenon of rock and soil sample 9 in different time periods at the same time, when the rock and soil sample 9 has completely disintegrated, or the balance reading remains unchanged within 1 hour; use the following formula to calculate the disintegration rate of rock and soil

In the formula, At is the disintegration rate (%) of the rock-soil sample at time t; m1 is the reading of the instantaneous balance (g) when the rock-soil sample is completely immersed in water; Reading (g).

(5) According to the calculation formula of disintegration rate of rock and soil, the disintegration speed of rock and soil samples at different temperatures, different times of dry-wet cycles, different water content, different dry densities and different mesh sizes in different time periods can be obtained, and the plotting time The change curve with the rate; at the same time, the phenomenon of rock and soil disintegration in different periods can be observed, and the experiment is over.

The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and what described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrates the principles of the present invention, and the present invention will also have other functions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Variations and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (3)

1. the ground that a kind of drying and watering cycle is coupled with temperature is disintegrated experimental provision, including support system, data collecting system, measurement System and temperature control system, feature is in support system includes braced frame（1）, the first strut（5）With the second strut（6）；Data Acquisition system includes balance（2）；Measuring system includes：Glass box（4）, metal grill（8）, ground sample（9）With four cotton threads； Temperature control system includes thermometer（7）And constant temperature water box（3）；

Wherein, glass box（4）It is positioned over constant temperature water box（3）It is interior, constant temperature water box（3）Top through braced frame（1）It is equipped with Balance（2）, balance（2）One end level be equipped with the first strut（5）, ground sample（9）It is placed on metal grill（8）On, metal Grid（8）Four corners be the first cotton thread respectively（10）, the second cotton thread（11）, third cotton thread（12）, the 4th cotton thread（13）, the One cotton thread（10）With the second cotton thread（11）Upper end twist into one and hang over the first strut（5）One end, third cotton thread（12）With Four cotton threads（13）Upper end twist into one and hang over the first strut（5）The other end, braced frame（1）Top side be equipped with second Strut（6）, thermometer（7）One end hang on the second strut（6）On, the other end stretches into glass box.

2. ground that a kind of drying and watering cycle according to claim 1 is coupled with temperature is disintegrated experimental provision, feature in, Braced frame（1）By supporting beam frame（102）With four support legs（101）Composition, four support legs（101）It is respectively arranged on water-bath perseverance Incubator（3）External surrounding.

3. the experimental method for the ground disintegration experimental provision that a kind of drying and watering cycle according to claim 2 is coupled with temperature, Its step is：

（1）Glass box is added suitable water and is put into constant temperature water box, passes through constant temperature water box（3）Corresponding temperature is set, directly To glass box（4）Temperature, that is, thermometer of middle water（7）Temperature reach the temperature of setting；

（2）Metal grill is put into a manner of unloaded in glass box with four cotton threads, adjusts the position of metal grill and glass box It sets, it is 0 to adjust reading of the first strut weight on balance at this time；

（3）The standard cutting ring sample for being 60cm3 with volume makes ground sample, certain dry density and moisture content is controlled, by certain The drying and watering cycle of number；

（4）Wipe metal grill（8）On water, by ground sample（9）It is placed on metal grill（8）On be slowly immersed in water, when complete Portion is immersed in the water rear immediate record balance reading m1, ground sample（9）With the progress of disintegrating procedue, weight gradually mitigates, day Flat reading is gradually reduced, according to time interval be 10s, 20s, 30s, 1min, 1.5min to 1h recording balances read, hereafter every One hour record is primary, is mt in the balance reading of different moments record, while observing different time sections ground sample（9）Disintegration Phenomenon, when ground sample（9）All disintegration finish or 1h in balance reading it is constant；The disintegration rate of ground is calculated using following formula

In formula, At is disintegration rate of the ground sample in t moment（%）；M1 is the instantaneous balance that ground sample submerges Reading（g）；Mt is the reading of ground sample balance in time t（g）；

（5）According to the disintegration rate calculation formula of ground, different time sections different temperatures, different drying moistening cycles, difference are obtained The disintegration rate of moisture content, different dry densities and different size of mesh opening ground samples, draws the change curve of time and rate；Together When observable different periods ground disintegration phenomenon.