CN105650270B - 防止混合动力电动车辆起动挡位接合失败的换挡控制方法 - Google Patents

防止混合动力电动车辆起动挡位接合失败的换挡控制方法 Download PDF

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CN105650270B
CN105650270B CN201510501815.2A CN201510501815A CN105650270B CN 105650270 B CN105650270 B CN 105650270B CN 201510501815 A CN201510501815 A CN 201510501815A CN 105650270 B CN105650270 B CN 105650270B
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CN105650270A (zh
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张尚必
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Hyundai Motor Co
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
    • F16H2061/047—Smoothing ratio shift by preventing or solving a tooth butt situation upon engagement failure due to misalignment of teeth
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种防止混合动力电动车辆起动挡位接合失败的换挡控制方法，其中，当装配有自动手动变速器的混合动力电动车辆停车然后重新起动时，在AMT的起动挡位没有实施的情况下，改变直接地连接至输入轴的驱动电机的RPM，使得施加至AMT的输入轴的扭矩增大或减小，因此，尽管当AMT‑HEV停车然后在发动机重新起动之后重新起动时会发生阻塞现象，但是适当地增大和减小从驱动电机传递至输入轴的扭矩，因而使限制于输入轴的齿轮与同步器不同地旋转。

Description

防止混合动力电动车辆起动挡位接合失败的换挡控制方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于在2014年12月1日提交的韩国专利申请第10-2014-0169830号并且要求其优先权权益，上述申请的全部内容通过该引用结合于此，用于所有目的。
技术领域
本申请涉及一种用于防止混合动力电动车辆的起动挡位接合失败的换挡控制方法，更具体地，涉及一种这样的用于防止混合动力电动车辆的起动挡位接合失败的换挡控制方法：其可以解决起动挡位实施障碍(starting stage implement prevention)，所述起动挡位实施障碍可能会在驱动电机设置在发动机和变速器之间的车辆停车然后起动时发生。
背景技术
如图1所示，应用于商品化的混合动力电动车辆的混合动力驱动系统配置为包括发动机1、离合器致动器2、驱动电机3以及自动手动变速器(AMT)4。AMT4具有这样的结构：其中自动换挡致动器5安装在现有的手动变速器中，并且离合器自动释放单元安装在AMT4中。
AMT-HEV(其中安装了自动手动变速器的混合动力电动车辆)6在停车时停止发动机，并且在重新起动时利用直接地连接至AMT4的输入轴的驱动电机3来重新起动发动机1。为了重新起动发动机1，AMT4维持在空挡状态(neutral state)。在发动机1重新起动后，AMT4处于起动挡位(starting stage)状态，并且混合动力电动车辆将从驱动电机3产生的动力用作驱动力而起动。
然而，如图2所示，当车辆停车然后重新起动时，在实施AMT4的起动挡位的齿轮7处形成的离合器齿轮8的轮齿与同步器接合套9的轮齿形成直线，并且因此齿轮7没有与同步器11相接合，而是离合器齿轮8的轮齿与同步器接合套9的轮齿相碰撞，使得可能会发生齿轮接合失败的阻塞(blocking)现象。
公开于该本发明背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在加深对本发明的一般背景技术的理解，而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域技术人员所公知的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明的各个方面致力于提供一种用于防止混合动力电动车辆的起动挡位接合失败的换挡控制方法，以通过控制驱动电机而防止当AMT-HEV停车然后起动时可能会发生的阻塞现象。
根据本申请的示例性实施方案，提供了一种用于防止混合动力电动车辆的起动挡位接合失败的换挡控制方法，其中，当装配有AMT的混合动力电动车辆停车然后重新起动时，如果AMT的起动挡位没有实施，则改变直接地连接至输入轴的驱动电机的RPM，使得施加至AMT的输入轴的扭矩增大或减小。
本发明的方法和装置具有其它的特性和优点，这些特性和优点从并入本文中的附图和随后的具体实施方案中将是显而易见的，或者将在并入本文中的附图和随后的具体实施方案中进行详细陈述，这些附图和具体实施方案共同用于解释本发明的特定原理。
附图说明
图1为现有的AMT-HEV的驱动系统的示意图。
图2为现有的手动变速器的主要部件的分解透视图。
图3为现有的AMT-HEV的阻塞现象的例示图。
图4是示出了阻塞发生时驱动电机的RPM、扭矩、行程的变化的曲线图。
图5是根据本申请的示例性实施方案的用于防止混合动力电动车辆的起动挡位接合失败的换挡控制方法的流程图。
图6是根据图5的用于防止混合动力电动车辆的起动挡位接合失败的换挡控制方法而解决了阻塞现象的状态的例示图。
图7是示出了根据图5的用于防止混合动力电动车辆的起动挡位接合失败的换挡控制方法而解决了阻塞现象的状态中的驱动电机的RPM、扭矩和行程的曲线图。
图8是示出了根据图5的用于防止混合动力电动车辆的起动挡位接合失败的换挡控制方法而解决了阻塞现象的状态中的驱动电机的RPM、扭矩和行程的另一个曲线图。
应当了解，所附附图并不必须是按比例绘制的，其呈现了某种程度上经过简化的说明本发明的基本原理的各个特征。本文所公开的本发明的具体设计特征包括例如具体尺寸、方向、位置和外形将部分地由具体所要应用和使用的环境来确定。
在这些图中，贯穿附图的多幅图，相同的附图标记指代本发明的相同或等同的部分。
附图中每个元件的附图标记
1000：同步器接合套
2000：同步器锁环
3000：离合器齿轮。
具体实施方式
下面将详细说明本发明的各个实施方案，其示例将在附图中示出并且在下文进行描述。虽然本发明与示例性实施方案相结合进行描述，但是应当了解，本说明书并非旨在将本发明限制为那些示例性实施方案。相反，本发明旨在不但覆盖这些示例性实施方案，而且覆盖可以包括在由所附权利要求所限定的本发明的精神和范围之内的各种替换形式、修改形式、等效形式以及其它实施方案。
下文将参考所附附图对本申请的示例性实施方案进行详细描述。
如图2和图3所示，当同步器接合套9通过同步器锁环10而与离合器齿轮8相同步，但是离合器齿轮8的轮齿和同步器接合套9的轮齿形成直线并因而互相碰撞时，发生阻塞现象。
在这种情况下，如图4所示，AMT的行程12(即同步器接合套9的行程)的移动距离短于正常值，并且AMT的行程的移动重复数次，以同时实施起动挡位。另外，由于同步器接合套9反复地接触驱动电机3(更准确地说，限制于输入轴的离合器齿轮8)以实施起动挡位，所以驱动电机3的RPM13发生变化而没有维持在预定值。
在这种情况下，持续维持从驱动电机3传递至输入轴的扭矩14。即，离合器齿轮8和同步器接合套9通过同步器锁环10的旋转同步被破坏，因而没有提供可以使它们中的任意一个旋转更多的扭矩。
鉴于此，根据本申请的示例性实施方案，当AMT4的起动挡位没有实施时，改变直接地连接至AMT4的输入轴的驱动电机3的RPM，使得施加至AMT4的输入轴的扭矩增大或者反向增大。将在下文中对此进行详细描述。
如图5至图8所示，根据本申请的示例性实施方案的用于防止混合动力电动车辆起动挡位接合失败的换挡控制方法包括：运行包含在混合动力电动车辆中的驱动电机，使得RPM是适当的(S100)；运行包含在车辆中的自动手动变速器(AMT)以实施起动挡位(S200)；以及当起动挡位没有实施时，感测驱动电机的RPM的变化，并且根据驱动电机的RPM的变化而增大或减小驱动电机的RPM(S300)。
确定驱动电机的RPM是否是预定值(S110)，并且如果确定为驱动电机的RPM是预定值，那么运行同步器以使得AMT实施起动挡位。当包含在AMT中的同步器的行程的变化量很小(例如小于预定值)时，确定起动挡位没有实施(S310)。当起动挡位没有实施时，确定形成同步器的同步器接合套1000与包含在AMT中的离合器齿轮3000成串联状态。
对从实施起动挡位的时刻到确定为起动挡位没有实施的时刻的驱动电机RPM的变化量进行测量，并且从适当的RPM确定RPM是否增大或者减小(S320)。如果确定为驱动电机RPM大于预定值，则增大驱动电机的RPM值(S330)，而如果确定为驱动电机的RPM小于预定值，则减小驱动电机的RPM(S340)。
在改变驱动电机RPM之后，确定AMT是否实施起动挡位(S400)。当AMT没有实施起动挡位时，则AMT运行为实施空挡状态(S410)。在AMT实施空挡状态之后，AMT运行为实施起动挡位状态。
根据如上所述进行配置的根据本申请的示例性实施方案的用于防止混合动力电动车辆的起动挡位接合失败的换挡控制方法，当AMT的起动挡位没有实施时，改变直接地连接至输入轴的驱动电机的RPM，使得施加至AMT的输入轴的扭矩增大或反向增大。
如图7所示，同步器接合套1000的变化量减小(110)并且因此确定AMT的起动挡位没有实施，同时，当驱动电机的RPM减小时(120)，驱动电机减小RPM(140)使得施加至输入轴的扭矩减小(130)。
同时，如图8所示，同步器接合套1000的变化量减小(210)并且因此确定AMT的起动挡位没有实施，同时，当驱动电机的RPM增大时(220)，驱动电机增大RPM(240)使得施加至输入轴的扭矩增大(230)。
在这两种情况下，离合器齿轮3000和同步器接合套1000通过同步器锁环2000的同步被破坏，并且在限制于输入轴的齿轮的旋转速度和同步器的旋转速度之间出现差异。如图6所示，结果是，互相形成串联的离合器齿轮3000的轮齿和同步器接合套1000的轮齿从串联状态转换为非串联状态，并且互相接合。
如上所述，根据本申请的示例性实施方案的用于防止混合动力电动车辆的起动挡位接合失败的换挡控制方法，尽管当AMT-HEV停车然后在发动起重新启动之后重新起动时发生阻塞现象，但是适当地增大和减小从驱动电机传递至输入轴的扭矩，因此使限制于输入轴的齿轮与同步器进行不同地旋转，使得由于形成直线的在齿轮处形成的离合器齿轮的轮齿和同步器接合套的轮齿所引起的阻塞现象可以得到解决。
此外，当AMT-HEV停车时，切断发动机起动的发动机怠速停止和起动(Idle Stopand Go，ISG)功能可能由于阻塞现象而不可使用，但是，根据本申请的示例性实施方案解决了阻塞现象，并且因此可以预期增加ISG功能的使用，从而进一步提高AMT-HEV的燃料效率。
前面对本发明具体示例性实施方案所呈现的描述是出于说明和描述的目的。前面的描述并不想要成为毫无遗漏的，也不是想要把本发明限制为所公开的精确形式，显然，根据上述教导很多改变和变化都是可能的。选择示例性实施方案并进行描述是为了解释本发明的特定原理及其实际应用，从而使得本领域的其它技术人员能够实现并利用本发明的各种示例性实施方案及其各种选择形式和修改形式。本发明的范围意在由所附权利要求书及其等效形式所限定。

Claims (11)

1.一种用于防止车辆起动挡位接合失败的换挡控制方法，包括
运行包含在车辆中的驱动电机，使得每分钟转数为适当的；
运行包含在车辆中的自动手动变速器以实施起动挡位；以及
当起动挡位没有实施时，感测驱动电机的每分钟转数的变化，并且根据驱动电机的每分钟转数的变化而增大或减小驱动电机的每分钟转数。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于防止车辆起动挡位接合失败的换挡控制方法，其中，当包含在自动手动变速器中的同步器的行程的变化量小于预定值时，确定起动挡位没有实施。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用于防止车辆起动挡位接合失败的换挡控制方法，其中，对从实施起动挡位时刻到确定没有实施起动挡位的时刻的驱动电机的每分钟转数的变化量进行测量。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于防止车辆起动挡位接合失败的换挡控制方法，其中，当驱动电机的每分钟转数确定为大于预定值时，增大驱动电机每分钟转数，当驱动电机的每分钟转数确定为小于预定值时，减小驱动电机的每分钟转数。
5.根据权利要求1所述的用于防止车辆起动挡位接合失败的换挡控制方法，其中，当驱动电机的每分钟转数为预定值时，运行包含在自动手动变速器中的同步器使得自动手动变速器实施起动挡位。
6.根据权利要求2所述的用于防止车辆起动挡位接合失败的换挡控制方法，其中，当起动挡位没有实施时，形成同步器的同步器接合套确定为与包含在自动手动变速器中的离合器齿轮处于串联状态。
7.根据权利要求1所述的用于防止车辆起动挡位接合失败的换挡控制方法，其中，在改变驱动电机的每分钟转数之后，当自动手动变速器没有实施起动挡位时，自动手动变速器运行为实施空挡状态。
8.根据权利要求7所述的用于防止车辆起动挡位接合失败的换挡控制方法，其中，在自动手动变速器实施空挡状态后，自动手动变速器运行为实施起动挡位状态。
9.一种用于防止车辆的起动挡位接合失败的换挡控制方法，其中，在安装有自动手动变速器的车辆停止然后重新起动的情况下，当自动手动变速器的起动挡位没有实施时，改变直接地连接至输入轴的驱动电机的每分钟转数，使得施加至自动手动变速器的输入轴的扭矩增大或减小。
10.根据权利要求9所述的用于防止车辆的起动挡位接合失败的换挡控制方法，其中，在自动手动变速器的起动挡位没有实施的情况下，当驱动电机的每分钟转数增大时，增大驱动电机的每分钟转数，使得施加至输入轴的扭矩增大。
11.根据权利要求9所述的用于防止车辆的起动挡位接合失败的换挡控制方法，其中，在自动手动变速器的起动挡位没有实施的情况下，当驱动电机的每分钟转数减小时，减小驱动电机的每分钟转数，使得施加至输入轴的扭矩减小。
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