CN105638393B - System, equipment and method for automatically adjusting water supply quantity according to crop growth environment change - Google Patents
System, equipment and method for automatically adjusting water supply quantity according to crop growth environment change Download PDFInfo
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- CN105638393B CN105638393B CN201511028420.1A CN201511028420A CN105638393B CN 105638393 B CN105638393 B CN 105638393B CN 201511028420 A CN201511028420 A CN 201511028420A CN 105638393 B CN105638393 B CN 105638393B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/16—Control of watering
- A01G25/167—Control by humidity of the soil itself or of devices simulating soil or of the atmosphere; Soil humidity sensors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
Abstract
The invention provides a system for automatically adjusting water supply quantity according to the change of crop growth environment, which comprises a water supply tank, a water supply pipe, a water supplyThe system comprises an environmental information detection module, a central analysis control module and an automatic irrigation module, wherein the central analysis control module is operated by establishing a relational formula between an environmental change result and water supply information data, and the formula is as follows:
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of crop irrigation, in particular to a system, equipment and a method for automatically adjusting water supply quantity according to the change of crop growth environment.
Background
Agricultural development is receiving more and more attention, and the development of agricultural parties is moving towards automation and no humanization. While providing the most suitable growing environment for crops, people supervise the performance indexes of the growing environment of the crops, such as the environmental temperature, the humidity and the illumination intensity, so as to ensure that the crops grow at the best growing speed.
The seedling raising environment plays a very important role in the agricultural production process at the present stage, and with the development of science and technology in recent decades, the development of scientific technologies such as biotechnology and information technology and the like makes breakthrough with fundamental and universal significance, and a new agricultural technology revolution is started from the breakthrough. The application and development of sensing technology, computer technology, information technology and automatic control technology in agriculture accelerate the pace of agricultural technology revolution. The application of the crop soil moisture monitoring and irrigation automatic control technology in the crop growth process is gradually developed.
A Master thesis of Hebei agriculture university, namely orchard soil moisture insight and irrigation automatic control research introduces an orchard soil moisture monitoring and irrigation automatic control system designed and developed aiming at the national conditions of China based on the modern electronic technology of microelectronics, computers and the like.
However, the above-mentioned technology only provides a method for monitoring preset irrigation by detecting water content in orchard soil, but the variety of crops is various, such as grains, vegetables and tubers, and in the growth process of crops, there are many environmental influence factors, and water is only one of the conditions, including temperature and light intensity; the technology cannot detect other performance index data in the crop environment, timely supplements the water quantity required by the crops according to the index data, and does not research and report a method and equipment for realizing automatic irrigation according to the change of the crop growth environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a system for automatically adjusting water supply quantity according to the change of crop growth environment, which is characterized by comprising a crop growth environment change detection module, a central analysis control module and an automatic fertilization module;
the crop growth environment change detection module is used for determining a crop growth environment information value and comprises an environment temperature detection device, a light ray detection device and a soil humidity detection device;
the central analysis control module comprises an environmental change result analysis module, an operation module and an input module, wherein the input module is connected with the environmental change result analysis module and the operation module;
the environment change result analysis module receives the environment information value, compares the environment information value with the environment information standard value to analyze the environment change, and outputs an environment change result to the operation module;
the operation module is internally provided with an operation formula between an environment change result and irrigation water supply quantity, obtains fertilization information matched with the environment change result according to the operation formula and transmits the fertilization information to the automatic irrigation module;
the input module comprises an adjustment input end of fertilization information parameters, a crop related information input end and a crop environment information value input end;
the automatic fertilization module irrigates and supplies water to crops according to fertilization information;
the environment change result is determined by comparing an environment information value with an environment information standard value, and the determination method is that the environment change result is obtained when the environment information value reaches or exceeds the environment information standard value;
the environmental information standard value is a value that the environmental information reaches the value influencing the normal growth of crops;
the environmental information includes temperature, humidity, light.
Preferably, the crop growth environment information value can also be manually input in advance; the pre-manual input means that a worker inputs the detected crop growth environment information value into the central analysis control module through the input module.
Preferably, the central analysis control module has an operation formula as follows:
in the operational formula
A combination of information representing the result of the environmental change and crop-related information;
the operation is publicFormula f represents a combination
The corresponding relation between the water supply information and the water supply information;
the E in the operation formula represents an environment change result; the P represents crop-related information; w represents the feed water amount, and T represents the irrigation starting time; m represents irrigation mode;
e, P, W, T, M in the operation formula is manually set, adjusted or stored through an input module before automatic fertilization.
Preferably, the crop-related information includes crop variety, crop footprint, crop growth period;
the crop varieties comprise peanuts, soybeans, tomatoes, Chinese cabbages, rice, cotton, lotus roots and sweet potatoes;
the crop growth period comprises a sowing period, a seedling period, a flowering period, a pod bearing period and a mature period.
Preferably, the respective dynamic water supply quantity values in the prestored operation formula can be selected before automatic irrigation.
Preferably, the environmental change result is that when the temperature is lower than 5 ℃ and the semi-lethal value is reached, the irrigation time is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 24 hours, and the water supply per square meter is more than or equal to 0L (liter) and less than or equal to 50L.
Preferably, when the soil humidity is lower than 5%, the irrigation time is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 24 hours, and the water supply amount per mu is 0m3W is more than or equal to 20m and more than or equal to cubic meter3。
Preferably, the automatic irrigation module comprises an automatic sprinkling irrigation or micro irrigation system;
the automatic sprinkling irrigation or micro irrigation system comprises a flow control system, a time control system and a water delivery system;
the automatic sprinkling irrigation system comprises a fixed sprinkling irrigation system, a semi-fixed sprinkling irrigation system and a movable sprinkling irrigation system;
the micro-irrigation system comprises a drip irrigation system, a micro-sprinkling irrigation system, a fog-spraying system, an underground irrigation system, a small pipe outflow irrigation system and an infiltration irrigation system.
The invention also provides an equipment group for automatically adjusting the water supply quantity according to the change of the crop growth environment, which is characterized by comprising crop growth environment information detection equipment, central analysis control equipment and automatic irrigation equipment which are sequentially connected;
the crop growth environment information detection device is a device for detecting a crop growth environment information value and transmitting the crop growth environment information value to the central sub-control module;
the central analysis control equipment is equipment which can compare and analyze the detected environmental information value with the environmental information standard value to obtain an environmental change result, match the environmental change result with the irrigation water supply quantity through calculation, and input a water supply quantity parameter and a crop growth environmental information value;
the automatic irrigation equipment is a system capable of receiving irrigation water supply quantity data output by a central analysis control system and performing automatic irrigation operation, and comprises flow control equipment, time control equipment and water transportation equipment.
The invention also provides an automatic fertilizing method for solving the problem of the change of the crop growth environment by applying the system or the equipment group, wherein the crop varieties comprise peanuts, soybeans, tomatoes, Chinese cabbages, rice, wheat, cotton, lotus roots and sweet potatoes; the fertilizer varieties for fertilization comprise nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, compound fertilizer, azotobacter fertilizer, microbial fertilizer, organic carbon fertilizer, water-soluble fertilizer and medium-trace element fertilizer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. under the condition that the growth environment of crops changes in the growth period, the automatic irrigation water quantity is reduced to reduce the influence of the change of the environment on the growth of the crops; when the temperature is sharply reduced and reaches the semi-lethal temperature of crops, proper water for automatic irrigation can play a role in preserving the heat of the crops, so that the probability of the crops being frozen to death is reduced; under the condition that the soil is too dry, crops are easy to dry, and the water supply amount can be automatically adjusted by the water supply amount automatic adjusting system according to the needs of the crops, so that the death rate of the crops is reduced;
2. the labor cost is saved, the change condition of the growth environment is automatically detected, and automatic irrigation is realized;
3. the growth development and the morphogenesis of crops are automatically regulated, the culture period is shortened, the quality is improved, the energy consumption can be greatly reduced, and the cost is reduced;
4. the method has the functions of monitoring and managing, and realizes more intellectualization and humanization of the automatic irrigation system when the environment changes during the growth period of crops.
Detailed Description
The following further illustrates embodiments of the invention:
example 1
The system provided by the invention is adopted to solve the problem of automatic fertilization according to the change of the growth environment of crops by taking the rice in the northeast seedling stage as an experimental crop, and comprises a crop growth environment change detection module, a central analysis control module and an automatic fertilization module; the crop growth environment change detection module is used for determining a crop growth environment information value and comprises an environment temperature detection device, the central analysis control module comprises an environment temperature change result analysis module, an operation module and an input module, and the input module is connected with the environment temperature change result analysis module and the operation module; the environment temperature change result analysis module receives the environment information value, compares the environment information value with the environment temperature standard value to analyze the environment change, and outputs an environment temperature change result to the operation module;
the operation module is provided with an operation formula between an environment change result and irrigation water supply quantity, and the operation formula is used for controlling the irrigation water supply quantity according to the operation formula
Obtaining fertilization information matched with the environmental change result, and transmitting the fertilization information to the automatic irrigation module;
detecting to obtain the environment temperature of-5 ℃; the standard value temperature of the rice in the seedling stage is-2 ℃, and the environment change result E obtained by the central analysis control module is that the environment temperature is lower and reaches the standard value of the rice in the seedling stage, wherein the crop related information P is (10 mu, seedling stage, rice)
The operation formula of the central analysis control module is as follows:
the water supply amount per square meter is 2L; the T is 60 minutes; the M is sprayed by a water pipe; and transmitting the water supply information to an automatic irrigation module, and irrigating crops and carrying out sprinkling irrigation and water delivery on rice in a seedling stage by the automatic irrigation module according to the water supply information.
The temperature is rapidly reduced to reach the semi-lethal temperature of the crops, a proper amount of water for automatic irrigation can play a role in heat preservation of the crops, the crop death rate is 5%, and the death rate of the rice is greatly reduced.
Example 2
Wheat in seedling stage is used as an experimental crop, and the environment soil humidity is detected to be 2%; the standard value humidity of seedling wheat is 5%, and the environment change result E obtained by the central analysis control module is that the soil humidity is lower and reaches the standard value of seedling wheat, wherein the crop related information P is (10 mu, seedling, wheat)
The operation formula of the central analysis control module is as follows:
the water supply amount per mu is 2m3(ii) a The T is 60 minutes; the M is sprayed by a water pipe; and transmitting the water supply information to an automatic irrigation module, and irrigating crops and carrying out sprinkling irrigation and water delivery on the wheat in the seedling stage by the automatic irrigation module according to the water supply information.
When the soil humidity is reduced to reach the semi-lethal humidity of crops, the mortality rate of wheat is 4 percent by automatically irrigating a proper amount of water, and the mortality rate of wheat is greatly reduced.
Variations and modifications to the above-described embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art, which fall within the scope and spirit of the above description. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and variations of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Claims (2)
1. A system for automatically adjusting water supply quantity according to crop growth environment change is characterized by comprising a crop growth environment change detection module, a central analysis control module and an automatic fertilization module;
the crop growth environment change detection module is used for determining a crop growth environment information value and comprises an environment temperature detection device, a light ray detection device and a soil humidity detection device;
the central analysis control module comprises an environmental change result analysis module, an operation module and an input module, wherein the input module is connected with the environmental change result analysis module and the operation module;
the environment change result analysis module receives the environment information value, compares the environment information value with the environment information standard value to analyze the environment change, and outputs an environment change result to the operation module;
the operation module is internally provided with an operation formula between an environment change result and irrigation water supply quantity, obtains fertilization information matched with the environment change result according to the operation formula and transmits the fertilization information to the automatic irrigation module;
the input module comprises an adjustment input end of fertilization information parameters, a crop related information input end and a crop environment information value input end;
the automatic fertilization module irrigates and supplies water to crops according to fertilization information;
the environment change result is determined by comparing an environment information value with an environment information standard value, and the determination method is that the environment change result is obtained when the environment information value reaches or exceeds the environment information standard value;
the environmental information standard value is a value that the environmental information reaches the value influencing the normal growth of crops;
the environment information comprises temperature, humidity and light;
the crop growth environment information value can be manually input in advance; the pre-manual input means that a worker inputs the detected crop growth environment information value into the central analysis control module through the input module;
the operation formula of the central analysis control module is as follows:
in the operational formula
A combination of information representing the result of the environmental change and crop-related information;
the operation formula f represents a combination
The corresponding relation between the water supply information and the water supply information;
in the operation formula, E represents an environment change result; p represents crop-related information; w represents the feed water amount, T represents the irrigation starting time; m represents irrigation mode;
e, P, W, T, M in the operation formula is manually set, adjusted or stored through an input module before automatic fertilization;
before automatic irrigation, selecting respective dynamic water supply quantity values in a prestored operation formula;
wherein the environment change result is that when the temperature is lower than 5 ℃ and reaches a semi-lethal value, T is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 24 hours for starting irrigation, and W is more than or equal to 0L (liter) and less than or equal to 50L per square meter of water supply;
wherein the environmental change result is that when the soil humidity is lower than 5%, T is not less than 0 and not more than 24h for irrigation, and water supply quantity per mu is 0m and not more than 20m for cultivation;
the automatic irrigation module comprises an automatic sprinkling irrigation or micro irrigation system;
the automatic sprinkling irrigation or micro irrigation system comprises a flow control system, a time control system and a water delivery system;
the automatic sprinkling irrigation system comprises a fixed sprinkling irrigation system, a semi-fixed sprinkling irrigation system and a movable sprinkling irrigation system;
the micro-irrigation system comprises a drip irrigation system, a micro-sprinkling irrigation system, a fog-spraying system, an underground irrigation system, a small pipe outflow irrigation system and an infiltration irrigation system.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the varieties of the crops comprise peanut, soybean, tomato, cabbage, rice, wheat, cotton, lotus root, sweet potato; the fertilizer varieties for fertilization comprise nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, compound fertilizer, microbial fertilizer, organic carbon fertilizer, water-soluble fertilizer and medium and trace element fertilizer.
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| CN106359005B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2019-04-16 | 内蒙古农业大学 | One inter-species makees the automatic irrigation device and automatic irrigation method in farmland |
| CN107677789A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2018-02-09 | 骆秀菊 | Vegetation soil moisture detection method |
| CN108450267A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-08-28 | 新疆天业（集团）有限公司 | A kind of trickle irrigation implantation methods of lotus rhizome |
| CN108719024A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-11-02 | 苏州若依玫信息技术有限公司 | A kind of automation implant system based on chlorophyll detection |
| CN110579961B (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2022-06-07 | 深圳市绿粤生态科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional planting-oriented garden intelligent water supply method and system |
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| CN101236410B (en) * | 2007-12-29 | 2011-04-13 | 中国农业大学 | Intelligent irrigation fertilizing decision-making control system |
| CN104216445A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2014-12-17 | 大禹节水（天津）有限公司 | Greenhouse flower auto-irrigation control system and control method thereof |
| CN104904569B (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2018-02-13 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of intelligent irrigation regulator control system and method based on the estimation of dynamic water content |
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Effective date of registration: 20201229 Address after: 22611 South haozhai Road, Peixian energy economic and Technological Development Zone, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: XUZHOU BATIAN ECOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: SHENZHEN BATIAN ECOTYPIC ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. Address before: 518057 No. 10 Yuexing Second Road, Nanshan High-tech Park, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: SHENZHEN BATIAN ECOTYPIC ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. |