CN105622624B - 一种罗丹明b衍生物、制备方法及其作为荧光探针的应用 - Google Patents

一种罗丹明b衍生物、制备方法及其作为荧光探针的应用 Download PDF

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CN105622624B
CN105622624B CN201510963764.5A CN201510963764A CN105622624B CN 105622624 B CN105622624 B CN 105622624B CN 201510963764 A CN201510963764 A CN 201510963764A CN 105622624 B CN105622624 B CN 105622624B
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吴伟娜
王元
李慧军
蔡红新
闫玲玲
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种罗丹明B衍生物、制备方法及其作为荧光探针的应用,其中所述罗丹明B衍生物的化学结构式如下,本发明的罗丹明B衍生物能选择性的与二价铜离子作用,由无色变为红色,具有比色荧光增强效应,可实现裸眼辨别检测,特别是作为荧光探针在细胞内铜离子的方便检测的应用。

Description

一种罗丹明B衍生物、制备方法及其作为荧光探针的应用
技术领域
本发明属于有机合成领域,具体涉及罗丹明B衍生物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
铜是人体重要的微量元素,在线粒体的呼吸、铁的吸收、酶的氧化还原等不同的生理过程中起着十分重要的作用。但若体内的铜离子代谢平衡遭到破坏,有可能引起代谢紊乱和诸多疾病,如胆固醇升高,动脉弹性降低,血压升高。此外,由于铜离子大量地开采和广泛地使用,使得铜也成为一个重要的金属污染物。鉴于其对生命和环境的重要性,科学家们一直致力于采用选择性比色和荧光传感探针实现对铜离子在生物和环境系统中检测的研究。
近年来,荧光分子探针技术由于具有灵敏度高、操作简单、成本低等特点,已经成为检测金属离子污染的重要手段。荧光增强传感材料可减少检测错误,对复杂体系检测准确,可同时用多种检测物对不同分析物进行检测。罗丹明及其衍生物作为开/关形式的荧光探针,具有较高的荧光量子产率,较大的摩尔消光系数,在可见光区域内具有较长的发射和吸收波长等特点,在铜离子和汞离子识别的领域得到越来越广泛的重视。
发明内容
基于酰基吡咯与罗丹明B生成的罗丹明B酰腙通常情况下只能与金属铜离子能够形成稳定的配合物,故含吡咯环的罗丹明酰腙衍生物具有较好的二价铜离子识别性能。本发明主要目的在于提供一种可检测二价铜离子的灵敏度高、选择性好的金属离子荧光探针;另一目的是提供该荧光探针的制备方法和应用。
本发明的技术方案是,一种基于罗丹明B衍生物,所述罗丹明B衍生物具有如下结构式:
本发明还提供了一种基于罗丹明B衍生物的制备方法,具体制备方法如下:
S1:将3,5-二甲基-吡咯-2-甲醛首先用无水乙醇溶解,再加入罗丹明B酰肼;
S2:将S1所得产品在常压下回流,反应时间12-24h;
S3:将S2所得产品冷却至室温后,有白色固体析出,减压过滤,取滤渣;
S4:将S3所得产品用醇溶液洗涤,得到基于所述罗丹明B衍生物。
优选地,上述方法中3,5-二甲基-吡咯-2-甲醛和罗丹明B酰肼的摩尔比为1∶1。
优选地,上述方法的S4,所述醇溶液为无水乙醇或浓度为75%的乙醇溶液。
优选地,将0.08-0.1mol的3,5-二甲基-吡咯-2-甲醛溶于0.4-0.5L无水乙醇中,再加入0.08-0.1mol的罗丹明B酰肼,常压下回流搅拌12-24h,冷却至室温后析出大量固体,减压过滤,将滤渣用无水乙醇洗涤得到所述罗丹明B衍生物。
本发明还提供了上述罗丹明B衍生物的一种用途,即在作为二价铜离子荧光探针方面的应用,特别是在作为检测细胞内二价铜离子的荧光探针中的应用。
本发明还提供了一种用于检测细胞内二价铜离子的荧光探针,所述荧光探针主要由上述罗丹明B衍生物组成。
本发明通过用吡咯亚胺基修饰改性罗丹明B制备罗丹明类荧光探针,合成简单,原料易得,在多种常见金属离子中,对二价铜离子表现出较高的选择性荧光识别性能,使含有二价铜离子的溶液由无色变为红色,具有荧光增强效应,可实现裸眼辨别检测,也可通过紫外吸收和荧光光度法进行分析,更为重要的是,也可用于生物组织,来实现细胞微环境中铜离子的荧光成像检测,具有快速、简便、灵敏度高、选择性强的特点,以及广泛的潜在应用价值。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1制得的罗丹明B衍生物的1H NMR谱图;
图2为本发明实施例1制得的罗丹明B衍生物的质谱谱图;
图3为本发明实施例1制得的罗丹明B衍生物与二价铜离子作用生成配合物的质谱谱图;
图4为本发明实施例1制得的罗丹明B衍生物作为荧光探针的乙腈/水(体积比1∶1)溶液(5×10-6mol/L)对不同金属离子(Al3+,Ca2+,Cd2+,Co2+,Cr3+,Cu2+,Fe3+,Hg2+,K+,Mg2+,Mn2 +,Na+,pb2+,Zn2+,5×10-6mol/L)的荧光光谱图;
图5为本发明实施例1制得的罗丹明B衍生物作为荧光探针的乙腈/水(体积比1∶1)溶液(5×10-6mol/L)对不同金属离子(Al3+,Ca2+,Cd2+,Co2+,Cr3+,Cu2+,Fe3+,Hg2+,K+,Mg2+,Mn2 +,Na+,pb2+,Zn2+,5×10-6mol/L)的紫外吸收光谱图;
图6为本发明实施例1制得的罗丹明B衍生物作为荧光探针的乙腈/水(体积比1∶1)溶液(5×10-6mol/L)滴定不同浓度Cu2+的荧光光谱光图;
图7在Hela细胞中,罗丹明B衍生物作为荧光探针与Cu2+的荧光成像图;Hela细胞用5μM荧光探针培育30分钟后加入Hg2+,继续培育30分钟后使用Olympus FV500-IX70激光共聚焦显微镜进行荧光成像。
其中:a为荧光探针明场下的成像图;b为荧光探针荧光成像图;c为荧光探针明场图和荧光图叠加后的图片;d为荧光探针+Cu2+明场下的成像图;e为荧光探针+Cu2+荧光成像图;f为荧光探针+Cu2+明场图和荧光图叠加后的图片。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例进一步详细说明本发明,本发明实施例采用的试剂和原料为常规市场购买或参考文献合成得到。
实施例1:
罗丹明B衍生物的合成
将0.167g 3,5-二甲基-吡咯-2-甲醛溶于10mL无水乙醇中,再加入0.46g罗丹明B酰肼,常压下回流搅拌24h,冷却至室温后析出大量固体,减压过滤,将滤渣用无水乙醇洗涤得到白色固体即为目标产物,目标产物的产率为76%。
采用核磁共振仪对制得的罗丹明B衍生物进行核磁共振分析,计算结果如下:
1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3),δ(ppm):9.03(s,1H,NH),8.08(s,1H,CH=N),7.93-7.96(m,1H,Aryl-H),7.41-7.42(m,2H,Aryl-H),7.04-7.05(m,1H,Aryl-H),6.47-6.50(d,2H,Aryl-H),6.38(s,2H,Aryl-H),6.21-6.23(m,2H,Aryl-H),5.09-5.60(d,1H,pyrrole-CH),3.24-3.35(q,8H,4CH2),2.14(s,3H,CH3),1.89(s,3H,CH3),1.11-1.14(t,12H,4CH3),具体核磁图谱见图1;
质谱:ESI-MS:m/z=562.3134for[M+H]+,具体质谱谱图见图2。
实施例2
将12.32g 3,5-二甲基-吡咯-2-甲醛溶于0.5L无水乙醇中,再加入45.5g罗丹明B酰肼,常压下回流搅拌12h,冷却至室温后析出大量固体,减压过滤,将滤渣用75%的乙醇溶液洗涤得到白色固体即为目标产物,目标产物的产率为72.5%。
实施例3
将9.823g 3,5-二甲基-吡咯-2-甲醛溶于0.4L无水乙醇中,再加入36.21g罗丹明B酰肼,常压下回流搅拌12h,冷却至室温后析出大量固体,减压过滤,将滤渣用75%的乙醇溶液洗涤得到白色固体即为目标产物,目标产物的产率为75.3%。
实施例4
罗丹明B衍生物对二价铜离子的光学性质测定
将上述实施例1制得的罗丹明B衍生物作为荧光探针在乙腈/水(体积比1∶1)介质中配制成摩尔浓度为5×10-6mol/L的溶液,分别在含摩尔浓度为5×10-6mol/L的Al3+,Ca2+,Cd2+,Co2+,Cr3+,Cu2+,Fe3+,Hg2+,K+,Mg2+,Mn2+,Na+,Pb2+,Zn2+等金属离子的溶液中加入等量的上述荧光探针溶液,其中,Cu2+能够与探针分子形成稳定配合物,导致罗丹明B衍生物荧光探针内酰胺开环,产生红色荧光,该配合物的质谱谱图具体见图3。
1、发射光谱的测定
浓度为5×10-6mol/L的罗丹明B衍生物荧光探针的乙腈/水(体积比1∶1)溶液中分别加入Al3+,Ca2+,Cd2+,Co2+,Cr3+,Cu2+,Fe3+,Hg2+,K+,Mg2+,Mn2+,Na+,pb2+,Zn2+等浓度为5×10-6mol/L的金属离子,采用荧光分光光度计对其分别进行荧光光谱分析(激发波长为350nm),记录575nm处的荧光强度值,所得的荧光光谱图见图4。通过图4可以看出,本发明实施例1制得的罗丹明B衍生物作为荧光探针对二价铜离子的响应时间短,强度高,可用于二价铜离子的快速检测,365nm紫外灯激发下,二价铜离子反应液中快速出现明显的橘红色荧光,而本发明实施例1制得的罗丹明B衍生物对其它金属离子如Al3+,Ca2+,Cd2+,Co2+,Cr3+,Fe3+,Hg2+,K+,Mg2+,Na+,Pb2+,Zn2+等无明显荧光响应。
2、吸收光谱的测定
浓度为5×10-6mol/L的罗丹明B衍生物荧光探针的乙腈/水(体积比1∶1)溶液中分别加入Al3+,Ca2+,Cd2+,Co2+,Cr3+,Cu2+,Fe3+,Hg2+,K+,Mg2+,Mn2+,Na+,Pb2+,Zn2+等浓度为20×10-6mol/L的金属离子,采用紫外可见光光度计对实施例1制得的罗丹明B衍生物进行紫外吸收光谱分析,所得的紫外吸收光谱图见图5。本发明实施例1制得的罗丹明B衍生物与二价铜离子作用在555nm处产生明显的吸收峰,同时产生肉眼明显可见的粉红色,可用于二价铜离子的快速检测。而本发明制得的罗丹明B衍生物对其它金属离子如Al3+,Ca2+,Cd2+,Co2+,Cr3 +,Fe3+,Hg2+,K+,Mg2+,Mn2+,Na+,Pb2+,Zn2+等无明显紫外吸收响应。
乙腈/水(体积比1∶1)溶液中,摩尔浓度为5×10-6mol/L的罗丹明B衍生物荧光探针对二价铜离子具有较高的选择性响应。通过图6荧光光谱可以计算得到Cu2+检出限达1.15×10-5mol/L,线性范围为7.5×10-6-1×10-4mol/L,因此本发明实施例1制得的罗丹明B衍生物可用于二价铜离子的荧光定量检测。
实施例5
罗丹明B衍生物作为荧光探针在细胞内铜离子的检测实验
Hela细胞用5×10-6M的上述实施例1制得的罗丹明B衍生物荧光探针培育5小时后加入Cu2+,继续培育5小时后使用Olympus FV500-IX70激光共聚焦显微镜进行荧光成像,获得在Hela细胞的荧光成像图,具体如图7所示,其中a为上述荧光探针明场下的成像图;b为上述荧光探针荧光成像图;c为上述荧光探针明场图和荧光图叠加后的图片;d为上述荧光探针+Cu2+明场下的成像图;e为上述荧光探针+Cu2+荧光成像图;f为上述荧光探针+Cu2+明场图和荧光图叠加后的图片。Hela细胞中加入上述罗丹明B衍生物只产生非常弱的荧光,而再加入二价铜离子后,荧光强度明显增加,故本发明实施例1制得的罗丹明B衍生物可用于细胞中二价铜离子的荧光探针。
以上所述实施例仅是为充分说明本发明而所举的较佳的实施例,其保护范围不限于此。本技术领域的技术人员在本发明基础上所作的等同替代或变换,均在本发明的保护范围之内,本发明的保护范围以权利要求书为准。

Claims (8)

1.一种基于罗丹明B衍生物,其特征在于,所述罗丹明B衍生物具有如下结构式:
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于罗丹明B衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1:将3,5-二甲基-吡咯-2-甲醛首先用无水乙醇溶解,再加入罗丹明B酰肼,所述罗丹明B酰肼的结构式如下所示;
S2:将S1所得混合物在常压下回流,反应时间12-24h;
S3:将S2所得溶液冷却至室温后,有白色固体析出,减压过滤,取滤渣;
S4:将S3所得滤渣用醇溶液洗涤,得到基于所述罗丹明B衍生物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的基于罗丹明B衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,S1中,所述3,5-二甲基-吡咯-2-甲醛和所述罗丹明B酰肼摩尔比为1∶1。
4.根据权利要求2所述的基于罗丹明B衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,S4中,所述醇溶液为无水乙醇或浓度为75%的乙醇溶液。
5.根据权利要求2所述的基于罗丹明B衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于,将0.08-0.1mol的3,5-二甲基-吡咯-2-甲醛溶于0.4-0.5L无水乙醇中,再加入0.08-0.1mol的罗丹明B酰肼,常压下回流搅拌12-24h,冷却至室温后析出大量固体,减压过滤,将滤渣用无水乙醇洗涤得到所述罗丹明B衍生物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的罗丹明B衍生物在作为制备二价铜离子荧光探针方面的应用。
7.根据权利要求1所述的罗丹明B衍生物在作为制备检测细胞内二价铜离子的荧光探针中的应用。
8.一种用于检测细胞内二价铜离子的荧光探针,其特征在于,所述荧光探针主要由权利要求1所述的罗丹明B衍生物组成。
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