CN105612898B - Automatic fertilizing system, equipment and method for solving crop problem under temperature stress - Google Patents
Automatic fertilizing system, equipment and method for solving crop problem under temperature stress Download PDFInfo
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- CN105612898B CN105612898B CN201511032137.6A CN201511032137A CN105612898B CN 105612898 B CN105612898 B CN 105612898B CN 201511032137 A CN201511032137 A CN 201511032137A CN 105612898 B CN105612898 B CN 105612898B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
Abstract
The invention provides a solutionThe automatic fertilization system for solving the crop problem under the temperature stress comprises a temperature detection module, a central analysis control module and an automatic fertilization module, wherein the operation method in the central analysis control module is to establish a relational formula between the temperature stress level and fertilization information data, and the formula is as follows:
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of crop fertilization, in particular to an automatic fertilization system, equipment and a method for solving the problem of crops under temperature stress.
Background
Temperature is one of the important conditions for plant growth, just as in nature, and is an important source of signal for plant germination, growth, flowering, and fruiting. All physiological activities of plants are performed within a certain temperature range.
Generally speaking, the temperature is increased, the physiological and biochemical reactions are accelerated, and the growth and development are accelerated; the temperature is reduced, the physiological and biochemical reactions are slowed down, and the growth and development are retarded. When the temperature is lower or higher than the temperature range which can be tolerated by the plant, the growth gradually slows down, stops, the development is hindered, and the plant starts to be damaged and even dies. Secondly, the temperature change can cause the change of other factors in the environment such as humidity, precipitation, wind, oxygen solubility in water and the like, and the combined action of the factors in the environment can affect the growth and development of plants and the yield and quality of crops, so that each plant has an optimum temperature range, the lowest temperature and the highest temperature are arranged at the two ends of the temperature range, the temperature stress and even death of the plant body can be caused when the temperature is lower than the lowest temperature or higher than the highest temperature, the optimum temperature is arranged between the lowest temperature and the highest temperature, and the plant grows and develops best in the optimum temperature range. After the ambient temperature continues to exceed the appropriate temperature for the crop, the human intervention of the temperature effect on the crop is initiated.
CN201410505858.3 discloses a construction method of a temperature compensation model of a multispectral crop growth sensor, which can realize temperature compensation of reflectivity by performing temperature compensation on output voltage of the sensor; the method comprises the steps of constructing a prediction model which is based on temperature and is suitable for output voltages of 720nm and 810nm uplink optical sensors and downlink optical sensors, and obtaining a temperature compensation model of the uplink optical sensors and the downlink optical sensors through the prediction model; and calculating the reflectivity according to the output voltage after temperature compensation to realize temperature compensation of the reflectivity of the multispectral crop growth sensor.
Although the above patent provides a method of temperature compensation, the method is only to compensate for the temperature dependence of crops, and there are many methods of temperature compensation at present, but there are few studies reporting that the amount of fertilizer applied to crops is increased to compensate for the need of crops, and there are no studies reporting that crops are subjected to temperature stress to apply fertilizer to crops. In the growth process of crops, fertilizers are indispensable, and the application of proper fertilizers to plants can not only improve the stress resistance of crops, but also make up for the growth difference under the adverse temperature environment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an automatic fertilizing system for solving the problem of crops under the temperature stress, which is characterized by comprising a temperature detection module, a central analysis control module and an automatic fertilizing module;
the temperature detection module comprises temperature detection equipment and is used for detecting temperature data of the environment where the crops are located;
the central analysis control module comprises a temperature analysis module, an operation module and an input module, and the input module is connected with the temperature analysis module and the operation module;
the temperature analysis module receives the temperature data for analysis and temperature stress grading, and outputs the temperature stress grade to the operation module;
the operation module is internally provided with an operation formula between the temperature stress level and the fertilization information, obtains the fertilization information matched with the temperature stress level according to the operation formula, and transmits the fertilization information to the automatic fertilization module;
the input module comprises an adjustment input end of fertilization information parameters, a temperature information input end and a crop related information input end, the lowest temperature and the highest temperature suitable for crops can be input at the temperature information input end, the temperature analysis module can compare the environment temperature with the suitable temperature of the crops and output temperature stress attributes, namely low-temperature stress or high-temperature stress;
and the automatic fertilization module is used for fertilizing crops according to the fertilization information.
Preferably, the temperature detection device comprises a temperature sensor and a temperature data output device.
Preferably, the temperature stress level is { L, n +0.1x } or { H, m +0.1y }, n is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 4, and x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 9; m is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 4; y is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 9; n, x, m and y are integers; the temperature stress level is determined by the difference value between the suitable temperature of the crops and the ambient temperature and the temperature stress time, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
the { L, n +0.1x } represents a low-temperature stress level, the L represents low temperature, the n represents low temperature, and the x represents low-temperature time duration, wherein n is calculated by the method that the lowest suitable temperature of the crops, namely the environment temperature, is 5 n-5 (n +1) DEG C, and x is calculated by the method that the low-temperature stress time of the crops is 2 x-2 (x +1) hours;
when the minimum temperature suitable for the object is higher than 25 ℃, n is 5, when the low-temperature stress time is longer than 18 hours, x is 9, and the stress level is { L, 5.9} level;
the { H, m +0.1y } represents a high-temperature stress level, the H represents high temperature, the m represents high temperature, the y represents high-temperature time duration, wherein the m is calculated by the method that the environment temperature-the suitable maximum temperature of the crops is 5 m-5 (m +1) DEG C, and the y is calculated by the method that the high-temperature stress time is 2 y-2 (y +1) hours;
when the environmental temperature-the maximum suitable temperature of the crops is more than 25 ℃, the m is 5, when the high-temperature stress time is more than 18 hours, the y is 9, and the high-temperature stress level is { H, 5.9} level.
The temperature stress comprises a low-temperature stress and a high-temperature stress, the low-temperature stress refers to a temperature environment with the environment temperature lower than the lowest temperature suitable for the growth of crops and the duration time of more than or equal to 1 hour, the high-temperature stress refers to a temperature environment with the environment temperature higher than the highest temperature suitable for the growth of crops and the duration time of more than or equal to 1 hour, and the environment temperature is the average temperature within 1 hour;
the temperature stress time refers to the daily average value of the accumulated time of the crops continuously in the temperature stress within N days, wherein N is more than or equal to 2, and the temperature stress time comprises low-temperature stress time and high-temperature stress time.
For example, the suitable growth temperature of a certain crop is 20-28 ℃, the current environment temperature is 6 ℃, and the duration time is 5 hours;
the analysis process of the stress level is as follows:
the temperature detector detects that the ambient temperature is 6 ℃, the temperature analysis module stores the minimum temperature and the maximum temperature suitable for the pre-input crops, the temperature analysis module analyzes the minimum temperature of the ambient temperature lower than the crops, the environment belongs to low-temperature adverse environment (6 ℃ is less than 20 ℃) at the moment, and L is output;
the temperature analysis module continues to analyze, and determines that n is 2 by the crop proper lowest temperature-environment temperature being 5 n-5 (n +1) DEG C, namely 20-6 being 5 n-5 (n +1), and determines that x is 2 by the crop low-temperature adverse environment time being 2 x-2 (x +1) hours, namely 5 being 2 x-2 (x + 1);
the stress level { L, n +0.1x } ═ L, 2.2} is calculated.
Preferably, the temperature stress level can be acquired through manual input in advance or through connection with the internet; the pre-manual input means that a worker presets a temperature stress level according to the temperature condition of a future day or a week; the acquisition through connecting the internet means that a system capable of automatically acquiring temperature information of a future day or a week is arranged in the temperature analysis module, and the system is connected with the internet in a wired or wireless mode.
The operation formula in the central analysis control module is as follows:
in the operational formula
A combination of information representing temperature stress level and crop-related information and soil moisture;
the operation formula f represents the combination of the temperature stress level and the crop related information
Corresponding relation with fertilization information; the fertilization information comprises fertilizer varieties, total fertilizer amount, concentration, fertilization time and an automatic fertilization mode;
the K in the operation formula represents the temperature stress level; the P represents crop-related information; h represents soil moisture; f represents the variety of the fertilizer; the R represents the weight proportion of each variety of the fertilizer; w represents the weight of the fertilizer applied per mu; c represents the concentration of the fertilizer; the T represents fertilization time, and the fertilization time refers to the time for starting fertilization after the temperature stress level is reached, namely fertilization starting time; the M represents an automatic fertilization mode; the O represents other fertilization information;
the other fertilization information comprises fertilization period, automatic fertilization flow and proper temperature of crops;
k, P, H, F, R, W, C, T, M, O in the operation formula can be manually set, adjusted and stored through an input module before automatic fertilization.
Preferably, the crop-related information includes crop variety, crop footprint, crop growth period;
the crop varieties comprise tomatoes, cucumbers, Chinese cabbages, potatoes, beans, radishes, watermelons, soybeans, corns, rice and cotton;
the crop growth period comprises a seeding period, a seedling period, a rapid growth period, a flowering period and a fruiting period.
Preferably, before automatic fertilization, respective dynamic fertilization information values in a prestored operation formula can be selected.
Preferably, the fertilizer variety F comprises a nitrogenous fertilizer, a potash fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a compound fertilizer, a microbial fertilizer, a water-soluble fertilizer, a soil conditioner and a functional fertilizer;
the nitrogen fertilizer comprises ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonia water, liquid ammonia, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, calcium ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate nitrate and urea;
the potassium fertilizer comprises potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, plant ash, potassium epsom salt and monopotassium phosphate (potassium dihydrogen phosphate);
the phosphate fertilizer comprises monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, double-burned phosphate fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, triple superphosphate, granular phosphate fertilizer, rich superphosphate, ammonium phosphate, white phosphate fertilizer and calcium hydrophosphate;
the microbial fertilizer comprises an agricultural microbial agent, a compound microbial fertilizer and a biological organic fertilizer;
the water-soluble fertilizer comprises a macroelement water-soluble fertilizer, a medium-trace element water-soluble fertilizer, a trace element water-soluble fertilizer, an amino acid water-soluble fertilizer and a humic acid water-soluble fertilizer;
the functional fertilizer comprises a foliar fertilizer, a complex state micro-fertilizer, a carbon dioxide fertilizer and a beneficial element fertilizer.
The fertilization mode M comprises broadcast application, strip application, furrow application, hole application, water flush application, micro-irrigation fertilization, foliage spraying and accurate fertilization.
Preferably, when n is more than or equal to 2, x is more than or equal to 5, and the low-temperature stress level K is more than or equal to { L, 2.5} level, the fertilization time is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 2h, the weight of the fertilizer applied per mu is more than or equal to 1kg and less than or equal to 50kg, and the fertilizer variety is one or more of a nitrogen fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a compound fertilizer, a microbial fertilizer, a water-soluble fertilizer, a soil conditioner and a functional fertilizer;
when n is more than or equal to 3, x is more than or equal to 7, and the low-temperature stress level K is more than or equal to { L, 3.7}, the fertilization time is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.5h, the weight of the fertilizer applied per mu is more than or equal to 10kg and less than or equal to 50kg, and the fertilizer variety is one or more of a nitrogen fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a compound fertilizer, a microbial fertilizer, a water-soluble fertilizer, a soil conditioner and a functional fertilizer.
Preferably, when the m is more than or equal to 2, the y is more than or equal to 5, and the high-temperature stress level K is more than or equal to { H, 2.5}, the fertilization time is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 2H, the weight of the fertilizer applied per mu is more than or equal to 1kg and less than or equal to 50kg, and the fertilizer variety is one or more of a nitrogen fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a compound fertilizer, a microbial fertilizer, a water-soluble fertilizer, a soil conditioner and a functional fertilizer;
when m is more than or equal to 3, y is more than or equal to 7, and the high-temperature stress level K is more than or equal to { H, 3.7}, the fertilization time is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.5H, the weight of the fertilizer applied per mu is more than or equal to 10kg and less than or equal to 50kg, and the fertilizer variety is one or more of a nitrogen fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a compound fertilizer, a microbial fertilizer, a water-soluble fertilizer, a soil conditioner and a functional fertilizer.
Preferably, the automatic fertilization module comprises an automatic blending system consisting of fertilizers and an automatic fertilization sprinkling irrigation or micro-irrigation system;
the fertilizer composition automatic allocation system is a system capable of receiving the fertilization information data of the central analysis control device and automatically allocating required fertilizer, and comprises a weighing system, a stirring system and a fertilizer transportation system;
the automatic fertilization sprinkling irrigation system comprises a fixed sprinkling irrigation system, a semi-fixed sprinkling irrigation system and a movable sprinkling irrigation system;
the automatic fertilization micro-irrigation system comprises a drip irrigation system, a micro-irrigation system, a small pipe outflow irrigation system and an infiltration irrigation system.
The invention also provides an automatic fertilizing equipment group for solving the problem of crops under the temperature stress, which is characterized by comprising temperature detection equipment, central analysis control equipment and automatic fertilizing equipment which are sequentially connected;
the temperature detection equipment is used for measuring the temperature of the environment where the crops are located, and comprises a temperature sensor and a temperature information output device, wherein the temperature sensor is connected with the temperature information output device through signals;
the central analysis control equipment is equipment which can analyze the detected temperature information to obtain a temperature stress level, match the temperature stress level with the fertilization information through operation and input fertilization information parameters and temperature information data;
the automatic fertilization equipment is a system capable of receiving fertilization information data output by the central analysis control system and performing automatic fertilization operation, and comprises an automatic fertilizer composition and automatic fertilization and sprinkling irrigation or drip irrigation device.
The invention also provides an automatic fertilizing method for solving the abnormal growth of crops under the temperature stress by applying the system or the equipment group, wherein the crop varieties comprise tomatoes, cucumbers, cabbages, potatoes, green beans, radishes, watermelons, soybeans, corns, rice and cotton; the fertilizer varieties comprise nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, compound fertilizer, microbial fertilizer, water-soluble fertilizer, soil conditioner and functional fertilizer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. solving the problem that under the adverse temperature, the fertilizer is automatically applied to compensate the deficiency of nutrient elements in the growth process of crops;
2. the labor cost is saved, the environment temperature condition is automatically detected, and automatic fertilization is realized;
3. the growth development and the morphogenesis of crops are automatically regulated, the culture period is shortened, the quality is improved, the energy consumption can be greatly reduced, and the cost is reduced;
4. the method has the functions of monitoring and managing, and makes the automatic fertilization system more intelligent and humanized under the temperature stress.
Detailed Description
The following further illustrates embodiments of the invention:
example 1
The system provided by the invention is adopted to solve the problem of automatic fertilization under the temperature stress of soybeans by taking soybeans in seedling stage as test crops, and comprises a temperature detection module, a central analysis control module and an automatic fertilization module;
the temperature detection module comprises temperature detection equipment and is used for detecting temperature data of the environment where the crops are located;
the central analysis control module comprises a temperature analysis module, an operation module and an input module, and the input module is connected with the temperature analysis module and the operation module;
the temperature analysis module receives the temperature data for analysis and temperature stress grading, and outputs the temperature stress grade to the operation module;
the operation module is internally provided with an operation formula between the temperature stress level and the fertilization information, obtains the fertilization information matched with the temperature stress level according to the operation formula, and transmits the fertilization information to the automatic fertilization module;
the input module comprises an adjustment input end of fertilization information parameters, a temperature information input end and a crop related information input end, and the automatic fertilization module is used for fertilizing crops according to fertilization information.
The temperature detection equipment comprises a temperature sensor and temperature data output equipment.
The optimal growth temperature of the soybean in the seedling stage is 20-21 ℃, the current environmental temperature is 12 ℃, and the duration time is 7 hours;
the method comprises the following steps:
the temperature sensor in the temperature detector detects that the ambient temperature is 6 ℃, and outputs the ambient temperature to the central analysis control module, the temperature analysis module in the central analysis control module stores the minimum temperature and the maximum temperature which are suitable for the crops and are input in advance, the temperature analysis module analyzes to obtain the minimum temperature of the ambient temperature lower than the crops, the environment belongs to low temperature adverse environment (12 ℃ is less than 20 ℃), and L is output;
the temperature analysis module continues to analyze, and determines that n is 1 through the crop proper lowest temperature-environment temperature being 5 n-5 (n +1) DEG C, namely 20-12 being 5 n-5 (n +1), and determines that x is 3 through the crop low-temperature adverse environment time being 2 x-2 (x +1) hours, namely 7 being 2 x-2 (x + 1);
the stress level K is calculated as { L, n +0.1x } ═ L, 1.3 }.
Inputting soil humidity H of 85%, crop related information P of soybean, seedling stage, crop area of 10 mu and stress level K of { L, 1.3} into input module
The operation formula of the operation module is as follows:
calculated, where F ═ is (organic fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphatic fertilizer, potash fertilizer);
where R is WOrganic fertilizer：WNitrogen fertilizer：WPhosphate fertilizer：WPotassium fertilizer＝12:3:1:2.5；
W is 15 kg;
where C is 0.2%;
the fertilization time T is 30 minutes;
spraying M as drip irrigation;
the O represents other fertilization information, and there is no other fertilization information here.
The fertilizer application information is transmitted to the automatic fertilizer application module, the automatic fertilizer application module applies fertilizer to the crops according to the fertilizer application information, the automatic blending device is formed by the fertilizer to configure the fertilizer, and the drip irrigation fertilizer application device performs drip irrigation fertilizer application on the soybean crops.
Example 2
The system provided by the invention is adopted to solve the problem of automatic fertilization under the temperature stress of soybeans by taking soybeans in seedling stage as experimental crops, and comprises a temperature detection module, a central analysis control module and an automatic fertilization module;
the proper growth temperature of the soybean in the growth period is 20-21 ℃, the current environment temperature is 35 ℃, and the duration time is 6.5 hours;
the method comprises the following steps:
the temperature sensor in the temperature detector detects that the ambient temperature is 35 ℃, the ambient temperature is output to the central analysis control module, the minimum temperature and the maximum temperature which are suitable for crops and input in advance are stored in the temperature analysis module in the central analysis control module and are 20-21 ℃, the temperature analysis module analyzes that the ambient temperature is higher than the maximum temperature of the crops, the environment belongs to high-temperature adverse circumstances (35 ℃ is higher than 21 ℃), and H is output;
the temperature analysis module continues to analyze, and determines that n is 2 by the crop proper lowest temperature-environment temperature being 5 n-5 (n +1) DEG C, namely 35-21 being 5 n-5 (n +1), and determines that x is 3 by the crop low-temperature adverse environment time being 2 x-2 (x +1) hours, namely 6.5 being 2 x-2 (x + 1);
the stress level K is calculated as { H, n +0.1x } H, 2.3.
Inputting soil humidity H83%, crop related information P soybean, seedling stage, crop area 10 mu and stress level K H2.3 into input module
The operation formula of the operation module is as follows: ,
calculated, where F ═ is (organic fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphatic fertilizer, potash fertilizer);
where R is WNitrogen fertilizer：WPhosphate fertilizer：WAnd (3) potassium fertilizer:Wmagnesium fertilizer＝2:3:3:0.5；
W is 10 kg;
where C is 0.2%;
the fertilization time T is 10 minutes;
spraying M as drip irrigation;
the O represents other fertilization information, and there is no other fertilization information here.
The automatic fertilization module is used for fertilizing crops according to the fertilization information, the automatic blending device is formed by fertilizers to prepare the fertilizers, and the drip irrigation device is used for performing drip irrigation fertilization on soybean crops.
The effects of the embodiment show that the method can solve the problem of automatic fertilization to compensate the deficiency of nutrient elements in the growth process of crops under the adverse temperature environment; the labor cost is saved, the environment temperature condition is automatically detected, and automatic fertilization is realized; the growth development and the morphogenesis of crops are automatically regulated, the culture period is shortened by 5-7 days, the quality is improved, the energy consumption can be greatly reduced, and the cost is reduced; the method has the functions of monitoring and managing, and makes the automatic fertilization system more intelligent and humanized under the temperature stress.
Variations and modifications to the above-described embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art, which fall within the scope and spirit of the above description. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and variations of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Claims (11)
1. An automatic fertilization system for solving the problem of crops under temperature stress is characterized by comprising a temperature detection module, a central analysis control module and an automatic fertilization module;
the temperature detection module comprises temperature detection equipment and is used for detecting temperature data of the environment where the crops are located;
the central analysis control module comprises a temperature analysis module, an operation module and an input module, and the input module is connected with the temperature analysis module and the operation module;
the temperature analysis module receives the temperature data for analysis and temperature stress grading, and outputs the temperature stress grade to the operation module;
the operation module is internally provided with an operation formula between the temperature stress level and the fertilization information, obtains the fertilization information matched with the temperature stress level according to the operation formula, and transmits the fertilization information to the automatic fertilization module;
the input module comprises an adjustment input end of fertilization information parameters, a temperature information input end and a crop related information input end;
the automatic fertilization module is used for fertilizing crops according to the fertilization information;
the temperature stress level is { L, n +0.1x } or { H, m +0.1y }, wherein n is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 4, and x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 8; m is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 4; y is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 8; n, x, m and y are integers; the temperature stress level is determined by the difference value between the suitable temperature of the crops and the ambient temperature and the temperature stress time, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
the { L, n +0.1x } represents a low-temperature stress level, the L represents low temperature, the n represents low temperature, and the x represents low-temperature time duration, wherein n is calculated by the method that the lowest suitable temperature of the crops, namely the environment temperature, is 5 n-5 (n +1) DEG C, and x is calculated by the method that the low-temperature stress time of the crops is 2 x-2 (x +1) hours;
the { H, m +0.1y } represents a high-temperature stress level, the H represents high temperature, the m represents high temperature, the y represents high-temperature time duration, wherein the m is calculated by the method that the environment temperature-the suitable maximum temperature of the crops is 5 m-5 (m +1) DEG C, and the y is calculated by the method that the high-temperature stress time is 2 y-2 (y +1) hours;
the temperature stress comprises a low-temperature stress and a high-temperature stress, the low-temperature stress refers to a temperature environment with the environment temperature lower than the lowest temperature suitable for the growth of crops and the duration time of more than or equal to 1 hour, and the high-temperature stress refers to a temperature environment with the environment temperature higher than the highest temperature suitable for the growth of crops and the duration time of more than or equal to 1 hour;
the temperature stress time refers to the daily average value of the accumulated time of the crops continuously in the temperature stress within N days, wherein N is more than or equal to 2, and the temperature stress time comprises low-temperature stress time and high-temperature stress time.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the temperature detection device comprises a temperature sensor and a temperature data output device.
3. The system according to claim 1, wherein the temperature stress level is further obtained by manual input in advance or by connecting to the internet; the pre-manual input means that a worker presets a temperature stress level according to the temperature condition of a future day or a week; the acquisition through connecting the internet means that a system capable of automatically acquiring temperature information of a future day or a week is arranged in the temperature analysis module, and the system is connected with the internet in a wired or wireless mode.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the operation formula in the central analysis control module is:
in the operational formula
A combination of information representing temperature stress level and crop-related information and soil moisture; the operation formula f represents the combination of the temperature stress level, the crop related information and the soil humidity
Corresponding relation with fertilization information;
the fertilization information comprises fertilizer varieties, total fertilizer amount, concentration, fertilization time and an automatic fertilization mode;
the K in the operation formula represents the temperature stress level; the P represents crop-related information; h represents soil moisture; f represents the variety of the fertilizer; the R represents the weight proportion of each variety of the fertilizer; w represents the weight of the fertilizer applied per mu; c represents the concentration of the fertilizer; the T represents fertilization time, and the fertilization time refers to the time of starting fertilization after the temperature stress is reached, namely fertilization starting time; the M represents an automatic fertilization mode; the O represents other fertilization information;
the other fertilization information comprises fertilization period and automatic fertilization flow;
k, P, F, H, R, W, C, T, M, O in the operation formula is manually set, adjusted and stored through an input module before automatic fertilization.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the crop-related information comprises crop varieties, crop footprints, periods of crop growth, suitable temperatures of crops;
the crop varieties comprise tomatoes, cucumbers, Chinese cabbages, potatoes, beans, radishes, watermelons, soybeans, corns, rice and cotton;
the crop growth period comprises a seeding period, a seedling period, a rapid growth period, a flowering period and a fruiting period.
6. The system of claim 4, wherein each value of the pre-stored operational formula for the automatic fertilization information is selected prior to the automatic fertilization.
7. The system of claim 4, wherein said fertilizer variety F comprises a nitrogen fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a compound fertilizer, a microbial fertilizer, a water soluble fertilizer, a soil conditioner, and a functional fertilizer;
the fertilization mode M comprises broadcast application, strip application, furrow application, hole application, water flush application, micro-irrigation fertilization, foliage spraying and accurate fertilization.
8. The system of claim 4, wherein when n is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 4, x is more than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 8, and the low-temperature stress level K is more than or equal to { L, 2.5}, the fertilization time is more than or equal to 0h and less than or equal to 2h, the weight of the fertilizer applied per mu is more than or equal to 1kg and less than or equal to 50kg, and the fertilizer variety is one or more of a nitrogen fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a compound fertilizer, a microbial fertilizer, a water-soluble fertilizer, a soil conditioner and a functional fertilizer;
when n is more than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 4, x is more than or equal to 7 and less than or equal to 8, and the low-temperature stress level K is more than or equal to { L, 3.7}, the fertilizing time is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.5h, the weight of the fertilizer applied per mu is more than or equal to 10kg and less than or equal to 50kg, and the fertilizer variety is one or more of a nitrogen fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a compound fertilizer, a microbial fertilizer, a water-soluble fertilizer, a soil conditioner and.
9. The system of claim 4, wherein when m is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 4, y is more than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 8, and the high-temperature stress level K is more than or equal to { H, 2.5}, the fertilization time is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 2H, the weight of the fertilizer applied per mu is more than or equal to 1kg and less than or equal to 50kg, and the fertilizer variety is one or more of a nitrogen fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a compound fertilizer, a microbial fertilizer, a water-soluble fertilizer, a soil conditioner and a functional fertilizer;
when m is more than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 4, y is more than or equal to 7 and less than or equal to 8, and the high-temperature stress level is more than or equal to { H, 3.7}, the fertilizing time is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.5H, the weight of the fertilizer applied per mu is more than or equal to 10kg and less than or equal to 50kg, and the fertilizer variety is one or more of a nitrogen fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a compound fertilizer, a microbial fertilizer, a water-soluble fertilizer, a soil conditioner and.
10. The system of claim 1, wherein the automatic fertilizer application module comprises an automatic fertilizer preparation system and an automatic fertilizer application sprinkling irrigation or micro-irrigation system;
the fertilizer composition automatic allocation system is a system capable of receiving the fertilization information data of the central analysis control device and automatically allocating required fertilizer, and comprises a weighing system, a stirring system and a fertilizer transportation system;
the automatic fertilization sprinkling irrigation system comprises a fixed sprinkling irrigation system, a semi-fixed sprinkling irrigation system and a movable sprinkling irrigation system;
the automatic fertilization micro-irrigation system comprises a drip irrigation system, a micro-irrigation system, a small pipe outflow irrigation system and an infiltration irrigation system.
11. An automatic fertilizing method for solving the abnormal growth of crops under the temperature stress by applying the system of claim 5, wherein the crop varieties comprise tomatoes, cucumbers, cabbages, potatoes, beans, radishes, watermelons, soybeans, corns, rice and cotton; the fertilizer varieties comprise nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, compound fertilizer, microbial fertilizer, water-soluble fertilizer, soil conditioner and functional fertilizer.
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| CN201511032137.6A CN105612898B (en) | 2015-12-31 | 2015-12-31 | Automatic fertilizing system, equipment and method for solving crop problem under temperature stress |
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| CN101040581A (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-09-26 | 上海域之领信息科技有限公司 | Remote and intelligent irrigation and fertilization system |
| CN104823814A (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2015-08-12 | 河南嘉禾智慧农业科技有限公司 | Remote wireless automatic water-saving irrigation and fertilizer application control system |
| CN204888196U (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-12-23 | 山西省农业科学院高粱研究所 | Warmhouse booth monitoring system and warmhouse booth |
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| CN101040581A (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2007-09-26 | 上海域之领信息科技有限公司 | Remote and intelligent irrigation and fertilization system |
| CN104823814A (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2015-08-12 | 河南嘉禾智慧农业科技有限公司 | Remote wireless automatic water-saving irrigation and fertilizer application control system |
| CN204888196U (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-12-23 | 山西省农业科学院高粱研究所 | Warmhouse booth monitoring system and warmhouse booth |
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