CN102498813B

CN102498813B - Fertilizing method for orchard grass

Info

Publication number: CN102498813B
Application number: CN 201110355876
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曾兵; 左福元; 王宝全; 兰英; 周沛; 韩玉竹
Original assignee: Southwest University
Current assignee: Southwest University
Priority date: 2011-11-10
Filing date: 2011-11-10
Publication date: 2013-07-24
Anticipated expiration: 2031-11-10
Also published as: CN102498813A

Abstract

A fertilizing method for orchard grass is characterized in that urea is taken as nitrogen fertilizer, calcium superphosphate is taken as phosphate fertilizer, and potassium sulfate is taken as potash fertilizer, wherein the use amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium follows the proportion that N:P205:K20 by weight portion is 1.986:1:2.114. The fertilizing method comprises the steps as follows: firstly, all the phosphate fertilizer, 45% of the nitrogen fertilizer and 45% of the potash fertilizer are taken as base fertilizer to be applied in cultivating soil, then 25% of the nitrogen fertilizer and 25% of the potash fertilizer are applied as the first additional fertilizer at the tillering stage, and the remaining 30% of the nitrogen fertilizer and the remaining 30% of the potash fertilizer are distributed averagely and applied after reaping of each time. According to the invention, suitable nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer are selected and the nitrogen fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer are used in proper proportions, so that the nutrition requirement of orchard grass can be well met, and meanwhile, the fertilizing manner is combined to fully improve nutrition absorption of orchard grass in the early and later growing periods; therefore, the quality of orchard grass can be improved effectively, the yield can reach 59450.33 kg/hm<2>, the energy consumption is reduced, environment pollution is avoided, the soil fertility is improved, and the economic benefits in production of orchard grass can be increased greatly.

Description

The fertilizing method of orchardgrass

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of herbage fertilizing method, be specifically related to the fertilizing method of orchardgrass high yield and high quality.

Background technology

Orchardgrass claims again halymenia dentata, orchard grass, originate in Europe, north African and Asia Temperate Region in China, it is one of world-renowned temperate zone good forage, the plantation history of existing more than 200 year in North America, being one of U.S. commerial growing herbage at present, is also one of good mixed seeding grass seeds of sylvan life meadow and high light efficiency sown pasture.

In recent years, orchardgrass is extensively cultivated application on China Sichuan, Chongqing, Shanxi, Gansu, Heilungkiang and other places, and has obtained certain economy, ecology and social benefit.But in plantation orchardgrass process, orchardgrass is not furtherd investigate, according to local soil fertility, the potassium balance of nitrogen phosphorus is joined and execute, thereby orchardgrass productivity and grass product matter are not high, also brought environmental pollution, orchardgrass cultivating economic benefit has much room for improvement.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide the fertilizing method of a kind of orchardgrass high-quality, high yield.

The objective of the invention is to realize by following technical measures, below be weight percentage, except special instruction:

The fertilizing method of a kind of orchardgrass is characterized in that: adopt urea (N content is 46%, is commercially available prod) as nitrogenous fertilizer, superphosphate (P ₂o ₅content is 12%, is commercially available prod) be phosphate fertilizer, potassium sulphate (K ₂o content is 25%, is commercially available prod) be potash fertilizer, wherein the consumption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is for pressing N, P ₂o ₅, K ₂o is than 1.986: 1: 2.114, in weight part ratio; At first using whole phosphate fertilizer, apply in cultivating soil as base manure with 45% nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, using 25% nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer as topdressing and apply for the first time in tillering stage, remain 30% nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer mean allocation after each harvesting and apply.

Above-mentioned cultivating soil specifically, it is the types of soils of reservoir area of Three Gorges: brown paddy soil, soil property is sandy loam, soil nutrient status is: 0～20cm soil layer content of organic matter is 9.11%～10.02%, ammonium nitrogen 0.08g/kg～0.18g/kg, available phosphorus 0.253g/kg～0.531g/kg, available potassium 0.021g/kg～0.062g/kg, pH is 5～7.

Preferably, above-mentioned amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer is 195kg/hm ², the phosphate fertilizer amount is 376kg/hm ², K Amounts is 382kg/hm ².

Specifically, the fertilizing method of a kind of orchardgrass, carry out as follows:

(1) the unit are amount of urea is 195kg/hm ², the superphosphate consumption is 376kg/hm ², the potassium sulphate consumption is 382kg/hm ²;

(2) in the previous day of planting, using whole phosphate fertilizer, 45% nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer as base manure and fine earth impose on equably cultivating soil railway carriage or compartment face after mixing, cover; Soil types: brown paddy soil, soil property is sandy loam, soil nutrient status is: 0～20cm soil layer content of organic matter is 9.11%～10.02%, ammonium nitrogen 0.08g/kg～0.18g/kg, available phosphorus 0.253g/kg～0.531g/kg, available potassium 0.021g/kg～0.062g/kg, pH is 5～7;

(3), in tillering stage, the nitrogenous fertilizer using 25% and potash fertilizer are as topdressing and apply for the first time;

(4) after each harvesting, mean allocation applies nitrogenous fertilizer and the potash fertilizer that remains 30%: when harvesting twice, use 15% at every turn; When harvesting three times, use 10% at every turn, the like.

Above-mentioned orchardgrass kind can be peace bar, Baoxing, model, Taurus, Chuan Dong, is preferably the model orchardgrass.The present invention has following beneficial effect:

The present invention is by selecting suitable nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer, thereby the consumption of reasonably combined nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer has met the nutritional need of orchardgrass well, and the Fertilizers mode has fully improved the grow nutrient absorption of forward and backward phase of orchardgrass simultaneously; Accomplished well orchardgrass produce in to the balanced application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer, given full play to the fertilizer efficiency of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, the quality and the output that have effectively improved orchardgrass can reach 59450.33kg/hm ², reduce energy resource consumption, avoided environmental pollution, improved soil fertility, greatly improved the economic benefit that orchardgrass produces.

Embodiment

Below by example, the present invention is specifically described.Be necessary to be pointed out that at this; following instance only is used to further illustrate the present invention; can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, the person skilled in the art in this field can make some nonessential improvement and adjustment to the present invention according to the foregoing invention content.

Embodiment 1

Adopt nitrogen, phosphorus, the saturated optimal design of potassium three factor secondary D-, by the field trial of carrying out in reservoir area of Three Gorges.For examination orchardgrass kind, be the model orchardgrass, by Beijing, Bai Lv company provides, and the experimental determination germination rate is not done any processing before sowing.Be urea (N content is 46%) for examination nitrogenous fertilizer, by Chinese Nuclear Industry In The Past, build the production of peaking work head factory, phosphate fertilizer is superphosphate (P ₂o ₅content is 12%) by Luzhou Xingtai phosphate fertilizer Co., Ltd, to be produced, potash fertilizer is potassium sulphate (K ₂o content is 25%), gain Feng Nongization Co., Ltd happily by Weifang and produce.During test, actual fertilizing amount is with pure N, P ₂o ₅and K ₂o amounts to calculating.

Experimental field be positioned at Fongdu County In Chongqing, be located in east longitude 107 ° 28 ' 03 " 108 ° 12 ' 37 ", 29 ° 33 ' 18 of north latitude " 30 ° 16 ' 25 ", height above sea level 966m, belong to the wetting monsoon climate in subtropics, 18.3 ℃ of average temperatures of the whole year, 3 18 days frost-free seasons, year 1311 hours sunshine.6383 ℃ of year active accumulated temperatures, relative moisture 72%, 18.3 ℃ of year sammings, the weather that surpasses 40 ℃ has the 15d left and right, January lowest temperature-4 ℃, 27 ℃ of the hottest 7 monthly mean temperatures.Annual rainfall 950-1400mm.

For the examination soil types, be brown paddy soil, soil property is sandy loam, and soil nutrient status is: 0～20cm soil layer content of organic matter is 9.39%, ammonium nitrogen 0.13g/kg, and available phosphorus 0.389g/kg, available potassium 0.044g/kg, pH is 6.5.This area's quick-acting potassium content is lower.

Test is processed and be the results are shown in Table 1.6 processing are established in test altogether, and randomized arrangement, establish 3 repetitions, community area 20m ²(4m * 5m), minizone is apart from 50cm.On April 7th, 2009 is sowed wholely, drilling, and seeding quantity is 1.5g/m.Wherein phosphate fertilizer applies as base manure is disposable, nitrogenous fertilizer, and in potash fertilizer, 45% applies as base manure, and 25% applies as tillering fertilizer, after the 1st, 2 harvestings, respectively executes 15% nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer.

Table 1 test is processed and output compares

As known from Table 1, fertilizing amount is N, P ₂o ₅, K ₂the ratio of O is 1.986: 1: 2.114, and unit are nitrogenous fertilizer (urea) consumption is 195kg/hm ², phosphate fertilizer (superphosphate) consumption is 376kg/hm ², potash fertilizer (potassium sulphate) consumption is 382kg/hm ², orchardgrass output is up to 59450.33kg/hm ².

Embodiment 2

By N, P, K content difference in orchardgrass dry matter under orchardgrass balance fertilizing field trial research different disposal condition, thereby clear and definite its different fertilization affects the orchardgrass quality, and test site and processing are with example 1.Result of the test is as follows:

The processing of table 2 different tests and N, P, K content

As seen from Table 2, unit are nitrogenous fertilizer (urea) consumption is 195kg/hm ², phosphate fertilizer (superphosphate) consumption is 376kg/hm ², potash fertilizer (potassium sulphate) consumption is 382kg/hm ²the time, the orchardgrass quality is significantly higher than other processing.

Claims

1. the fertilizing method of an orchardgrass is characterized in that: adopt urea that commercially available N content is 46% as nitrogenous fertilizer, commercially available P ₂o ₅the superphosphate that content is 12% is phosphate fertilizer, commercially available K ₂the potassium sulphate that O content is 25% is potash fertilizer, and wherein the consumption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is for pressing N, P ₂0 ₅, K ₂o is than 1.986:1:2.114, in weight part ratio; At first using whole phosphate fertilizer, apply in cultivating soil as base manure with 45% nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer, using 25% nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer as topdressing and apply for the first time in tillering stage, remain 30% nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer mean allocation after each harvesting and apply; Described amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer is 195kg/hm ² ,the phosphate fertilizer amount is 376 kg/hm ², K Amounts is 382 kg/hm ² ;described cultivating soil is brown paddy soil, soil property is sandy loam, soil nutrient status is: 0～20cm soil layer content of organic matter is 9.11%～10.02%, ammonium nitrogen 0.08g/kg～0.18g/kg, available phosphorus 0.253g/kg～0.531g/kg, available potassium 0.021g/kg～0.062g/kg, pH is 5～7.

2. fertilizing method as claimed in claim 1, carry out as follows:

A. the unit are amount of urea is 195kg/hm ², the superphosphate consumption is 376 kg/hm ², the potassium sulphate consumption is 382kg/hm ²;

B. in the previous day of planting, using whole phosphate fertilizer, 45% nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer as base manure and fine earth impose on equably cultivating soil railway carriage or compartment face after mixing, cover; Soil types: brown paddy soil, soil property is sandy loam, soil nutrient status is: 0～20cm soil layer content of organic matter is 9.11%～10.02%, ammonium nitrogen 0.08 g/kg～0.18g/kg, available phosphorus 0.253g/kg～0.531g/kg, available potassium 0.021g/kg～0.062g/kg, pH is 5～7;

C. in tillering stage, the nitrogenous fertilizer using 25% and potash fertilizer are as topdressing and apply for the first time;

D. after each harvesting, mean allocation applies nitrogenous fertilizer and the potash fertilizer that remains 30%: when harvesting twice, use 15% at every turn; When harvesting three times, use 10% at every turn, the like.

3. fertilizing method as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described orchardgrass kind is the model orchardgrass.