CN105610414A - Injection type double-polarity double-index electromagnetic pulse generation device - Google Patents
Injection type double-polarity double-index electromagnetic pulse generation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105610414A CN105610414A CN201610203199.7A CN201610203199A CN105610414A CN 105610414 A CN105610414 A CN 105610414A CN 201610203199 A CN201610203199 A CN 201610203199A CN 105610414 A CN105610414 A CN 105610414A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
- H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
- H03K3/335—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices with more than two electrodes and exhibiting avalanche effect
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Abstract
The invention discloses an injection type double-polarity double-index electromagnetic pulse generation device and relates to the technical field of circuits for generating electric pulses. The generation device comprises a direct-current power supply, a triggering circuit, an isolation transformer and a Marx circuit, wherein an output end of the direct-current power supply is connected with a power supply input end of the triggering circuit and the Marx circuit; the output end of the triggering circuit is connected with a signal input end of the Marx circuit through the isolation transformer; and the output end of the Marx circuit is a pulse signal output end of the pulse generation device. The generation device has selective output pulse polarities, small size and high triggering stability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the circuit engineering field for generation of electric pulse, relate in particular to the two indexes of a kind of pouring-in bipolarityElectromagnetic pulse generating means.
Background technology
In electromagnetic compatibility effect experiment, often adopt injection method and irradiation method to simulate conduction and two kinds of interference sides of radiationFormula, and carry out the electromagnetic immunity/sensitiveness of assessment electronics or device with this. Injection method be directly by interference source (as twoIndex is soon along electromagnetic pulse) inject tested device, circuit or device port, the advantage of injection method is experimental condition and step letterSingle, and use the relatively low source of power just can make tested equipment obtain certain magnitude of voltage and energy value; Moreover, relativelyIn irradiation method, that injection method also has is reproducible, be convenient to the advantages such as the inner waveform of observation circuit. Therefore, injection method is to carry out electricityAn important means of magnetic field impulse effect study. Two index electromagnetic pulses are Radar Pulse Interference Sources of a kind of common type, as heightThe pouring-in pair of fast rising pulse source of index of stability is the prerequisite of guarantee test result repeatability, and different polarity is for electromagnetismCompatible effect test is also absolutely necessary, and therefore, develops a kind of pouring-in pair of ambipolar pulse of index of high stability and sends outRaw utensil has important practical value.
Marx circuit is a kind of typical case and conventional soon along burst pulse generating means, and it is by means of energy-storage system charging batteryCarry out energy storage, then by speed-sensitive switch, energy is discharged in load and is gone fast, formation forward position is very steep, the narrower arteries and veins of pulsewidthPunching, in order to realize the output of both positive and negative pulse, top and the terminal of circuit are respectively arranged with load resistance, whole pulse generationDevice comprises dc source, circuits for triggering and Marx circuit, for bipolar pulse circuit, and the ground of circuits for triggering and Marx circuitCan not, found through experiments directly altogether, when trigger with power supply disconnected after, due to earthy disunity,How Marx circuit easily, from triggering, solves also unprecedented corresponding report of the self-triggering problem of clock.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the two index electromagnetic pulse generating means of a kind of pouring-in bipolarity,The output pulse polarity of described generating means can be selected, volume is little, it is high to trigger stability.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the two index electricity of a kind of pouring-in bipolarityMagnetic pulse generator, is characterized in that: comprise dc source, circuits for triggering, isolating transformer and Marx circuit, described direct currentThe output of power supply is connected with the power input of described circuits for triggering and Marx circuit respectively, the output of described circuits for triggeringBe connected with the signal input part of described Marx circuit through described isolating transformer, the output of described Marx circuit is described pulseThe pulse signal output end of generating means.
Further technical scheme is: described dc source comprises transformer U1, capacitor C 11-C15 and diode D11-D14, the input termination alternating current of transformer U1, an output of transformer U1 is connected with one end of capacitor C 11, capacitor C 11The other end be connected with the negative pole of diode D14 through capacitor C 13, the positive pole of diode D14 is successively after capacitor C 14, capacitor C 12Be connected with another output of transformer U1, the negative pole of the positive pole of diode D11 and diode D12 connects capacitor C 11 and electricityHold the node of C13, the negative pole of diode D11 connects the node of capacitor C 12 and transformer U1, anodal and two utmost points of diode D12The negative pole of pipe D13 connects the node of capacitor C 12 and capacitor C 14, and what the node of transformer U1 and capacitor C 12 was described dc source is negativeUtmost point output, the cathode output end that the node of capacitor C 14 and diode D14 is described dc source, described capacitor C 15 is connected in parallel onThe output of described dc source.
Further technical scheme is: described circuits for triggering comprise first order circuits for triggering and second level circuits for triggering,Described first order circuits for triggering comprise NE555 timer U2 and shaping chip U3, and described U3 uses 74LS123,1 pin of described U2Ground connection, 2 pin of described U2 are divided into two-way, and the first via is through resistance R 21 ground connection, and the second tunnel is through trigger switch S21 ground connection; Described U2's3 pin are connected with 2 pin of described U3; 4 pin of described U2 connect power supply; The 5 foot meridian capacitor C21 ground connection of described U2; 6 pin of described U2 divideWei San road, the first via is through capacitor C 22 ground connection, and the second tunnel connects power supply through resistance R 22, and Third Road is connected with 7 pin of described U2; Described8 pin of U2 connect power supply; The 1 pin ground connection of described U3; 3 pin of described U3 connect power supply; After the 14 foot meridian capacitor C23 of described U3, be divided into twoRoad, the first via is connected with 15 pin of described U3, and the second tunnel connects power supply through resistance R 23; After the 13 foot meridian capacitor C24 of described U3, be divided intoTwo-way, the first via is the output of described first order circuits for triggering, the second tunnel is through resistance R 24 ground connection, other pin of described U3Unsettled;
Described second level circuits for triggering comprise triode Q21, and electricity is triggered in the output of described first order circuits for triggering and the second levelThe input on road connects, and the input of described second level circuits for triggering is divided into two-way, and the first via connects after backward dioded D21Ground, the second tunnel is connected with the base stage of triode Q21, the grounded emitter of triode Q21, the colelctor electrode of triode Q21 is divided into twoRoad, the first via connects power supply after resistance R 25, and the second tunnel is connected with one end of capacitor C 25, and the other end of capacitor C 25 is divided into two-way,The first via is through capacitor C 26 ground connection, and the second tunnel is through resistance R 26 ground connection, and described capacitor C 25 is described triggering with the node of resistance R 26The signal output part of circuit.
Further technical scheme is: described Marx circuit comprise input stage circuit, some grades of charging circuits, severalAvalanche transistor switch T32 and load resistance R35, described input stage circuit comprises that elementary avalanche transistor switch T31, isolation becomeDepressor U4 and current-limiting resistance R31, the output of a circuits for triggering input elementary with described isolating transformer U4 is connected, everyFrom another elementary input end grounding of transformer U4, the secondary two ends of isolating transformer U4 are connected on respectively elementary trigger switchThe base stage of T31 and emitter stage, current-limiting resistance R31 is connected in parallel on the secondary two ends of isolating transformer U4; First order charge-discharge circuit bagDraw together current-limiting resistance R32, charging resistor R33 and charging capacitor C31, VCC is successively through current-limiting resistance R32, charging capacitor C31, chargingThe rear ground connection of resistance R 33; Subsequent stages charging circuit comprises current-limiting resistance R36, charging resistor R34 and charging capacitor C32, and VCC complies withInferior after current-limiting resistance R36, charging capacitor C32, charging resistor R34 ground connection; The colelctor electrode of several avalanche transistor switches T32Be connected on the node between current-limiting resistance R36 and the charging capacitor C32 of n level charging circuit, the base stage of avalanche transistor T32 with send outAfter emitter-base bandgap grading short circuit, be connected on the node between charging resistor R34 and the charging capacitor C32 of n+1 level charging circuit, last snowCollapse the one end that is connected on load resistance R35 after the base stage of triode switch T32 and emitter stage short circuit, the other end of load resistance R35Ground connection, n is greater than 3 natural number.
Further technical scheme is: described Marx circuit, isolating transformer and circuits for triggering are positioned at shielding box.
The beneficial effect that adopts technique scheme to produce is: one end connection circuits for triggering of isolating transformerGround, has realized circuits for triggering and Marx circuit altogether, has avoided the skimble-scamble factor of current potential to cause the triggering certainly of Marx circuit, protectsDemonstrate,prove the stability triggering. All switching devices all adopt the avalanche transistor FMMT415 of paster encapsulation. Pass through pre-stage testFind, novel avalanche transistor is a kind of more satisfactory device that quick response and very large peak power can be provided simultaneously,Utilize its avalanche effect can make the switch conduction time be shortened greatly, than the stability of FMMT417 and uniformity moreGood; In addition, adopt paster encapsulation to reduce the volume of clock.
The method that isolating transformer is installed at the triggering input of Marx circuit realizes common ground, and isolating transformer is to direct currentCharging voltage isolate, but can pass through for the triggering signal of high frequency, thereby realize circuits for triggering and charged electricalThe common ground on road. Described isolating transformer has been selected the radio-frequency transformer of mini company, due to circuits for triggering output rising edge of a pulseSuddenly, its frequency is higher, has therefore selected the paster radio-frequency transformer that model is ADT1-1, and its operating frequency is that 0.1MHz arrives400MHz, can make the avalanche transistor in the undistorted triggering first order of triggering signal charge-discharge circuit.
Described circuits for triggering adopt second level circuits for triggering, have improved the driving force of circuits for triggering and stablizing of triggeringProperty. First order circuits for triggering are made up of 555 timers, 74LS123 shaping circuit and peripheral circuit, and its output signal is pulsewidth usThe signal that level, amplitude are 5V, is the input signal of second level circuits for triggering, and second level circuits for triggering are by avalanche transistorMMBT3904 and peripheral circuit composition, exporting a voltage is the spike signal that 50V, pulse front edge are 5ns, is done by this pulseFor the triggering signal of Marx impulse circuit, the load driving force can improve triggering time and the stability of triggering.
The magnitude of voltage of dc source is 250V. Find according to the test in early stage, avalanche transistor is 250V at supply voltageTime, conducting effect is best. In order to have reduced the impact in external electromagnetic interference source and high-voltage DC power supply paired pulses source, describedMarx snowslide circuit is placed in shielding box, can make like this circuit ground better effects if, and waveform is more level and smooth, and repeatability moreGood.
To sum up, the output pulse polarity of described generating means can be selected, volume is little, it is high to trigger stability.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of pulse generating unit of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of dc source in generating means of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of circuits for triggering in generating means of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of Marx circuit in generating means of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, completeGround is described, and obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, instead of whole embodiment. Based onEmbodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making obtain under creative work prerequisite every otherEmbodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Set forth in the following description a lot of details so that fully understand the present invention, but the present invention is all rightAdopt other to be different from alternate manner described here and implement, those skilled in the art can be without prejudice to intension of the present inventionIn situation, do similar popularization, therefore the present invention is not subject to the restriction of following public specific embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, the invention discloses the two index electromagnetic pulse generating means of a kind of pouring-in bipolarity, comprise direct currentPower supply, circuits for triggering, isolating transformer and Marx circuit, the output of described dc source respectively with described circuits for triggering andThe power input of Marx circuit connects, and the output of described circuits for triggering is through described isolating transformer and described Marx circuitSignal input part connects, the pulse signal output end that the output of described Marx circuit is described pulse generating unit.
The dc source of exportable 250V DC voltage is to the capacitor charging in Marx circuit; Circuits for triggering adopt NE555With a spike of 74LS123 circuit structure output, conducting or disconnection to whole Marx circuit are controlled; Output pulse byThe output of Marx circuit connects oscillograph and shows. Wherein, dc source is connected with the ground of Marx circuit, circuits for triggering by everyFrom transformer and Marx circuit altogether, in order to ensure good earthing effect, Marx circuit is placed in shielding box to shielding boxBe equivalent to ground, the output of Marx circuit is connected with the lead-out terminal of BNC connector, and stiff end is screwed in shielding boxUpper, thus ensured whole pulse generating unit various piece well altogether.
As shown in Figure 2, described dc source comprises transformer U1, capacitor C 11-C15 and diode D11-D14, transformerThe input termination alternating current of U1, an output of transformer U1 is connected with one end of capacitor C 11, the other end warp of capacitor C 11Capacitor C 13 is connected with the negative pole of diode D14, the positive pole of diode D14 successively after capacitor C 14, capacitor C 12 with transformer U1Another output connect, the negative pole of the positive pole of diode D11 and diode D12 connects the knot of capacitor C 11 and capacitor C 13Point, the negative pole of diode D11 connects the node of capacitor C 12 and transformer U1, and the positive pole of diode D12 and diode D13's is negativeThe utmost point connects the node of capacitor C 12 and capacitor C 14, the cathode output end that the node of transformer U1 and capacitor C 12 is described dc source,The cathode output end that the node of capacitor C 14 and diode D14 is described dc source, described capacitor C 15 is connected in parallel on described direct currentThe output of power supply.
This dc source is made up of four voltage doubling rectifing circuits and capacitor filter, and voltage doubling rectifing circuit is to utilize filteringThe memory action of electric capacity, can obtain the output voltage times over transformer secondary voltage by multiple electric capacity and diode; At skyIn the situation of carrying, the voltage at capacitor C 11 two ends isU1, using capacitor C 12 two ends as output, the value of output voltage is 2U1, the like, finally can obtain 4 times toThe output voltage of U1, considers when after load on circuit band, output electricityPress the multiple that can not reach U1 peak value, in order to make supply voltage can reach desired output voltage, U1 is taken as 50V, instituteThere is electric capacity to select the electrochemical capacitor that the withstand voltage 300V of being, capacity are 10uF, at an output electric capacity in parallel of voltage doubling rectifing circuitForm capacitor filter, capacitor filter utilizes the charge and discharge effect of electric capacity, makes output voltage smooth-out, filteringEffect depend on discharge time, electric capacity Yu is large, load resistance Yu is large, after filtering, output voltage Yu is level and smooth, its stability better,Here selected the electrochemical capacitor that the withstand voltage 500V of being, capacity are 47uF, filter capacitor Yu is large, and the angle of flow of diode will be less,So commutation diode is capacitor charging by flowing through a very large dash current within the of short duration time, this longevity to diodeLife and stability are very unfavorable, so the maximal integer mass flow average current of diode is had to very high requirement, have selected maximum whole hereThe commutation diode that stream average current is 1A. This DC power supply circuit can be exported the VD of 250V, wants to realizeVoltage between 180V and 260V all can be realized by adjusting the multiple of voltage doubling rectifing circuit and the voltage of transformer secondary.Because clock needs high voltage, little electric current, dc source that stability is high, the stability of dc source will directly affectFlatness and the stability of Marx impulse circuit output pulse, by selecting larger filter capacitor and voltage doubling rectifing circuit to realizeThe indices of dc source, the Switching Power Supply of comparing on market, its volume has also obtained further dwindling, this will haveBe beneficial to the integrated and Miniaturization Design of whole clock system.
As shown in Figure 3, described circuits for triggering comprise first order circuits for triggering and second level circuits for triggering, and the described first order is touchedPower Generation Road comprises NE555 timer U2 and shaping chip U3, and described U3 uses 74LS123, the 1 pin ground connection of described U2, described U22 pin be divided into two-way, the first via is through resistance R 21 ground connection, the second tunnel is through trigger switch S21 ground connection; 3 pin of described U2 and described U32 pin connect; 4 pin of described U2 connect power supply; The 5 foot meridian capacitor C21 ground connection of described U2; 6 pin of described U2 are divided into three tunnels, firstRoad is through capacitor C 22 ground connection, and the second tunnel connects power supply through resistance R 22, and Third Road is connected with 7 pin of described U2; 8 pin of described U2 connect electricitySource; The 1 pin ground connection of described U3; 3 pin of described U3 connect power supply; After the 14 foot meridian capacitor C23 of described U3, be divided into two-way, the first via with15 pin of described U3 connect, and the second tunnel connects power supply through resistance R 23; After the 13 foot meridian capacitor C24 of described U3, be divided into two-way, the first viaFor the output of described first order circuits for triggering, the second tunnel is through resistance R 24 ground connection, and other pin of described U3 is unsettled;
Described second level circuits for triggering comprise triode Q21, and electricity is triggered in the output of described first order circuits for triggering and the second levelThe input on road connects, and the input of described second level circuits for triggering is divided into two-way, and the first via connects after backward dioded D21Ground, the second tunnel is connected with the base stage of triode Q21, the grounded emitter of triode Q21, the colelctor electrode of triode Q21 is divided into twoRoad, the first via connects power supply after resistance R 25, and the second tunnel is connected with one end of capacitor C 25, and the other end of capacitor C 25 is divided into two-way,The first via is through capacitor C 26 ground connection, and the second tunnel is through resistance R 26 ground connection, and described capacitor C 25 is described triggering with the node of resistance R 26The signal output part of circuit.
Produce a stable rectangular pulse by NE555 timer, due to the performance parameter of NE555 itself, its pulse is wideDegree minimum can only reach us level, and the triode T1 of the input stage circuit of Marx impulse circuit needs a trigger impulse to touchSend out, the forward position of trigger impulse can produce certain impact to the stability of Marx circuit output waveform, and the pulsewidth of trigger impulse alsoMeet the demands. If the pulsewidth of trigger impulse is greater than the charging interval of Marx circuit, will there will be so a trigger impulseInterior Marx circuit multiple discharge, thus the situation of multiple pulses produced. For fear of the appearance of this situation, adopt 74LS123Shaping circuit shortens trigger impulse, makes it be less than the charging interval of Marx circuit. For further reducing pulsewidth, improve rising edgeSteepness, has added differential circuit at the output of 74LS123 shaping circuit, can make like this triggering signal forward position of outputSuddenly, but amplitude is lower, a little less than driving force. Because the stability of impulse circuit output pulse depends on trigger impulse to a great extentLeading-edge steepness and driving force, therefore, added again below second level circuits for triggering, this triggering at first order circuits for triggeringIf main circuit is made up of avalanche transistor MMBT3904 and peripheral circuit, his snowslide conducting voltage is 50V, so adopt hereWith the dc source of 50V, it is powered, one-level trigger impulse is as its input pulse, and its concrete operation principle is: connect electricitySource, charges to capacitor C 25, and in the time that the switch S 21 of first order circuits for triggering is pressed, triode Q21 conducting, on the right side of capacitor C 25End produces the spike of a 50V, then by the differential circuit being made up of resistance R 26 and capacitor C 26, this spike is enteredThe steepness of one step, finally exporting an output voltage is the spike that 50V, pulse front edge are 5ns, by this pulse as Marx electricityThe triggering signal on road, if need to produce the triggering signal of certain repetition rate, only need to be short the switch S of circuits for triggering 21Road, revises resistance and the capacitance parameter of 555 generators as required.
Find by analysis and research, increase triggering signal slope K, can make the triggering shake of pulse reduce. In order to increaseTriggering signal slope K, has designed the trigger mode of 2 grades of triggerings, by first order circuits for triggering produce that amplitude is lower, forward positionSteep pulse, as the input signal of second level circuits for triggering, is snowslide three utmost points because second level circuits for triggering adopt triodePipe MMBT3904 is as switch, and that its supply voltage adopts is 50V, utilizes avalanche theory, and second level circuits for triggering can provideA rising edge is steeper, and the triggering signal that driving force is stronger can effectively be improved triggering stability problem. Survey by experimentTry, contrasted the result of different rising edge triggering signals, (sample size is 50 times) as shown in table 1, as can be seen from the table, ifAdopt one-level to trigger and secondary triggers the circuits for triggering that combine, the triggered time shakes very little, meets and carries for MARX impulse circuitFor stable triggering, make the output pulse stability of impulse circuit better, pulse front edge is steeper.
The different triggering signals of table 1 are on triggering the impact of stability
| Triggering signal | Voltage | Rising edge | Slope K | Triggered time shake variance |
| Only have one-level to trigger | 5V | 35ns | 0.14V/ns | 1.51ns |
| The first order triggers and trigger the second level | 50V | 5ns | 10V/ns | 0.017ns |
As shown in Figure 4, described Marx circuit comprises input stage circuit, some grades of charging circuits, several avalanche transistor switchesT32 and load resistance R35, described input stage circuit comprises elementary avalanche transistor switch T31, isolating transformer U4 and current limliting electricityResistance R31, the output of a circuits for triggering input elementary with described isolating transformer U4 is connected, and isolating transformer U4 is elementaryAnother input end grounding, the secondary two ends of isolating transformer U4 are connected on respectively base stage and the transmitting of elementary trigger switch T31The utmost point, current-limiting resistance R31 is connected in parallel on the secondary two ends of isolating transformer U4; First order charge-discharge circuit comprises current-limiting resistance R32, fillsElectricity resistance R 33 and charging capacitor C31, VCC is ground connection after current-limiting resistance R32, charging capacitor C31, charging resistor R33 successively; AfterContinuous charging circuits at different levels comprise current-limiting resistance R36, charging resistor R34 and charging capacitor C32, VCC successively through current-limiting resistance R36,Ground connection after charging capacitor C32, charging resistor R34; The colelctor electrode of several avalanche transistor switches T32 is connected on n level charged electricalNode between current-limiting resistance R36 and the charging capacitor C32 on road, is connected on after the base stage of avalanche transistor T32 and emitter stage short circuitNode between charging resistor R34 and the charging capacitor C32 of n+1 level charging circuit, last avalanche transistor switch T32Base stage and emitter stage short circuit after be connected on one end of load resistance R35, the other end ground connection of load resistance R35, n is greater than 3Natural number.
The paster encapsulation FMMT415 that avalanche transistor adopts Zetex company to produce, in the time that dc source is connected, Ge Ji electricityHold rapidly charging, pressing before trigger switch S21, each avalanche transistor cut-off, but in critical avalanche condition, Ge JichongElectricity electric capacity is all filled with dc source voltage VCC, and in the time pressing trigger switch S21, isolating transformer allows high frequency trigger signal logicalCross, first the charging voltage signal of isolated DC power supply, therefore cause the snowslide triode T31 conducting in input stage circuit, thisTime, the electromotive force of charging capacitor C31 right-hand member equals the electromotive force of charging capacitor C32 left end, all equals supply voltage VCC, due to electric capacityThe voltage at two ends can not suddenly change, and therefore, can obtain 2 times to the moment of VCC electromotive force at charging capacitor C32 right-hand member, and this moment electricityGesture is added between the colelctor electrode and emitting stage of first avalanche transistor switch T32, and avalanche transistor switch T32 is avengedCollapse and puncture, the like, the whole snowslide conductings of all avalanche transistor switches, now, charging capacitors at different levels are equivalent to series connection, byThe charging capacitor C31 of the emitter stage of the avalanche transistor in afterbody charge-discharge circuit over the ground, in first order charge-discharge circuitLeft end discharge over the ground, on charging resistor R33 and load resistance R35, obtain respectively output voltage for being several times as much as dc source electricityThe positive and negative pulse of pressing, in theory, its multiple is exactly the half of electric capacity number, and side circuit all exists to a certain degreeLoss, efficiency is generally difficult to reach 100%.
One end of isolating transformer connects the ground of circuits for triggering, has realized circuits for triggering and Marx circuit altogether, has avoidedThe skimble-scamble factor of current potential causes the triggering certainly of Marx circuit, has ensured the stability triggering. All switching devices all adoptThe avalanche transistor FMMT415 of paster encapsulation. Find by pre-stage test, novel avalanche transistor is a kind of more satisfactoryThe device of quick response and very large peak power can be provided simultaneously, utilize its avalanche effect can make the switch conduction time obtainShorten greatly, better than the stability of FMMT417 and uniformity; In addition, adopt paster encapsulation to reduce the volume of clock.
The method that isolating transformer is installed at the triggering input of Marx circuit realizes common ground, and isolating transformer is to direct currentCharging voltage isolate, but can pass through for the triggering signal of high frequency, thereby realize circuits for triggering and charged electricalThe common ground on road. Described isolating transformer has been selected the radio-frequency transformer of mini company, due to circuits for triggering output rising edge of a pulseSuddenly, its frequency is higher, has therefore selected the paster radio-frequency transformer that model is ADT1-1, and its operating frequency is that 0.1MHz arrives400MHz, can make the avalanche transistor in the undistorted triggering first order of triggering signal charge-discharge circuit.
Described circuits for triggering adopt second level circuits for triggering, have improved the driving force of circuits for triggering and stablizing of triggeringProperty. First order circuits for triggering are made up of 555 timers, 74LS123 shaping circuit and peripheral circuit, and its output signal is pulsewidth usThe signal that level, amplitude are 5V, is the input signal of second level circuits for triggering, and second level circuits for triggering are by avalanche transistorMMBT3904 and peripheral circuit composition, exporting a voltage is the spike signal that 50V, pulse front edge are 5ns, is done by this pulseFor the triggering signal of Marx impulse circuit, the load driving force can improve triggering time and the stability of triggering.
The magnitude of voltage of dc source is 250V. Find according to the test in early stage, avalanche transistor is 250V at supply voltageTime, conducting effect is best. In order to have reduced the impact in external electromagnetic interference source and high-voltage DC power supply paired pulses source, describedMarx snowslide circuit is placed in shielding box, can make like this circuit ground better effects if, and waveform is more level and smooth, and repeatability moreGood.
To sum up, the output pulse polarity of described generating means can be selected, volume is little, it is high to trigger stability.
Claims (5)
1. the two index electromagnetic pulse generating means of pouring-in bipolarity, is characterized in that: comprise dc source, trigger electricityRoad, isolating transformer and Marx circuit, the output of described dc source respectively with the electricity of described circuits for triggering and Marx circuitSource input connects, and the output of described circuits for triggering connects through the signal input part of described isolating transformer and described Marx circuitConnect the pulse signal output end that the output of described Marx circuit is described pulse generating unit.
2. the two index electromagnetic pulse generating means of pouring-in bipolarity as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described direct currentPower supply comprises transformer U1, capacitor C 11-C15 and diode D11-D14, the input termination alternating current of transformer U1, transformer U1An output be connected with one end of capacitor C 11, the other end of capacitor C 11 connects through capacitor C 13 and the negative pole of diode D14Connect, the positive pole of diode D14 is connected with another output of transformer U1 successively after capacitor C 14, capacitor C 12, diodeThe negative pole of the positive pole of D11 and diode D12 connects the node of capacitor C 11 and capacitor C 13, and the negative pole of diode D11 connects capacitor C 12With the node of transformer U1, the negative pole of the positive pole of diode D12 and diode D13 connects the node of capacitor C 12 and capacitor C 14,The node of transformer U1 and capacitor C 12 is the cathode output end of described dc source, and capacitor C 14 with the node of diode D14 isThe cathode output end of described dc source, described capacitor C 15 is connected in parallel on the output of described dc source.
3. the two index electromagnetic pulse generating means of pouring-in bipolarity as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described triggeringCircuit comprises first order circuits for triggering and second level circuits for triggering, described first order circuits for triggering comprise NE555 timer U2 andShaping chip U3, described U3 uses 74LS123, the 1 pin ground connection of described U2,2 pin of described U2 are divided into two-way, and the first via is through resistanceR21 ground connection, the second tunnel is through trigger switch S21 ground connection; 3 pin of described U2 are connected with 2 pin of described U3; 4 pin of described U2 connect electricitySource; The 5 foot meridian capacitor C21 ground connection of described U2; 6 pin of described U2 are divided into three tunnels, and the first via is through capacitor C 22 ground connection, the second road warpResistance R 22 connects power supply, and Third Road is connected with 7 pin of described U2; 8 pin of described U2 connect power supply; The 1 pin ground connection of described U3; Described3 pin of U3 connect power supply; After the 14 foot meridian capacitor C23 of described U3, be divided into two-way, the first via is connected with 15 pin of described U3, the second tunnelConnect power supply through resistance R 23; After the 13 foot meridian capacitor C24 of described U3, be divided into two-way, the first via is described first order circuits for triggeringOutput, the second tunnel is through resistance R 24 ground connection, and other pin of described U3 is unsettled;
Described second level circuits for triggering comprise triode Q21, and electricity is triggered in the output of described first order circuits for triggering and the second levelThe input on road connects, and the input of described second level circuits for triggering is divided into two-way, and the first via connects after backward dioded D21Ground, the second tunnel is connected with the base stage of triode Q21, the grounded emitter of triode Q21, the colelctor electrode of triode Q21 is divided into twoRoad, the first via connects power supply after resistance R 25, and the second tunnel is connected with one end of capacitor C 25, and the other end of capacitor C 25 is divided into two-way,The first via is through capacitor C 26 ground connection, and the second tunnel is through resistance R 26 ground connection, and described capacitor C 25 is described triggering with the node of resistance R 26The signal output part of circuit.
4. the two index electromagnetic pulse generating means of pouring-in bipolarity as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described MarxCircuit comprises input stage circuit, some grades of charging circuits, several avalanche transistor switch T32 and load resistance R35, described defeatedEnter a grade circuit and comprise elementary avalanche transistor switch T31, isolating transformer U4 and current-limiting resistance R31, the output of circuits for triggeringAn input elementary with described isolating transformer U4 is connected, another input end grounding that isolating transformer U4 is elementary, everyBe connected on respectively base stage and the emitter stage of elementary trigger switch T31 from the secondary two ends of transformer U4, current-limiting resistance R31 be connected in parallel on everyFrom the secondary two ends of transformer U4; First order charge-discharge circuit comprises current-limiting resistance R32, charging resistor R33 and charging capacitorC31, VCC is ground connection after current-limiting resistance R32, charging capacitor C31, charging resistor R33 successively; Subsequent stages charging circuit comprises limitLeakage resistance R36, charging resistor R34 and charging capacitor C32, VCC is successively through current-limiting resistance R36, charging capacitor C32, charging resistorGround connection after R34; The colelctor electrode of several avalanche transistor switches T32 is connected on current-limiting resistance R36 and the charging of n level charging circuitNode between capacitor C 32, is connected on the charging of n+1 level charging circuit after the base stage of avalanche transistor T32 and emitter stage short circuitNode between resistance R 34 and charging capacitor C32, after the base stage and emitter stage short circuit of last avalanche transistor switch T32Be connected on one end of load resistance R35, the other end ground connection of load resistance R35, n is greater than 3 natural number.
5. the two index electromagnetic pulse generating means of pouring-in bipolarity as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described MarxCircuit, isolating transformer and circuits for triggering are positioned at shielding box.
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| CN107643481A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-01-30 | 天津大学 | A kind of inexpensive electromagnetism fault injection experiment platform and experimental method |
| CN108471254A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-08-31 | 重庆大学 | A kind of modular solid-state microsecond generator of simulation saturable reactor insulation electrical stress |
| CN108599740A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-28 | 深圳大学 | Impulse generator |
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