CN105600354B - A kind of automatic detection and adjustment device and method of the long anti-fracture skidding of haul distance conveyer belt - Google Patents
A kind of automatic detection and adjustment device and method of the long anti-fracture skidding of haul distance conveyer belt Download PDFInfo
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- CN105600354B CN105600354B CN201510677322.4A CN201510677322A CN105600354B CN 105600354 B CN105600354 B CN 105600354B CN 201510677322 A CN201510677322 A CN 201510677322A CN 105600354 B CN105600354 B CN 105600354B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of long anti-fracture skidding automatic detection and adjustment device and methods of haul distance conveyer belt, the device includes mechanical part and observing and controlling part, and the mechanical part includes conveyer belt, transmission system, driving drum, bend pulley, conveying belt tensioning mechanism, supporting mechanism and apparatus for automatically regulating tension；The observing and controlling part includes signal acquisition module and PLC automatic detection control modules；The signal acquisition module is conveyed to the PLC automatic detections control module for gathering belt tension, conveying tape speed, the data-signal of driving drum speed；The PLC automatic detections control module issues instructions to the apparatus for automatically regulating tension and the driving drum motor, carries out the adjustment of the belt tension and the driving drum speed respectively.The present invention contacts the skidding of belt of belt conveyor and fracture defect foundation, and the variation of belt tension is detected while detection is skidded, and avoids breakage problem caused by tension adjusting device adjusting excessively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to engineering machinery fields, and in particular to a kind of automatic detection of long anti-fracture skidding of haul distance conveyer belt is adjusted
Engagement positions and method, be mainly used for the automatic detection to the tension of the ribbon conveyer belt of long-distance transportation and the speed of service with
It adjusts, realizes long haul distance conveyer belt fracture and the timely prevention and adjustment skidded.
Background technology
Ribbon conveyer is a kind of machinery of friction-driven transported material in a continuous manner.Mainly by rack, conveyer belt, support
The compositions such as roller, driving drum, bend pulley, tensioning apparatus, transmission system.Transmission system includes driving drum motor, and motor drives
Dynamic driving drum rotates, and driving conveying belt is run driving drum frictional force between conveyer belt, is changed by bend pulley defeated
Send the traffic direction of band.Ribbon conveyer can be used for horizontal transport or tilt transport, very easy to use, therefore extensively should
During the cargo transfer with the various industrial enterprises of modernization.
Due to the variation of the material of belt conveyor load, transport belt slippery and fracture are susceptible in the process of running
The phenomenon that, the tension variation when skidding and fracture of conveyer belt work with conveyer belt has very big relation.Once have skidded and
The phenomenon that fracture, will be directly related to the safety of production equipment and operating personnel, therefore detection in real time is led since weight of material changes
The variation of the conveyer belt state of cause is realized and belt tension and speed adjust automatically works normally safely ribbon conveyer accordingly
It is significant.
The key of ribbon conveyer trouble free service is driving drum frictional force between conveyer belt, loaded material weight
Variation will cause driving drum with conveying the variation of strips frictional force, it is necessary to be adjusted to it.In the industry, conveyer belt
Tension needs are detected adjustment in real time, to adapt to the variation of belt conveyor load weight of material.The tension variation of conveyer belt
The failure of skidding and fracture is not only resulted in, also influences the service life that entire ribbon conveyer uses.Suitable tension can reduce
Skidding and the generation of fracture defect also improve the efficiency of transhipment material, are beneficial to extend ribbon conveyer service life.
Mainly have to the detection method of transport belt slippery and fracture at present：Directional velocity detection side based on photoelectric encoder
Method by installing photoelectric encoder in ribbon conveyer different parts, detects the operation linear velocity of conveyer belt, is conveyed when detecting
When line speeds instantaneously change, that is, judge conveyer belt be broken, this method due to not detecting driving drum linear velocity,
So sipping fault cannot be judged exactly, and this method will just work when conveyer belt is broken, and at this moment convey
Band fracture has occurred and that, can not play preventive effect.
Utility model patent " a kind of belt feeder skidding alarm protecting apparatus ", application number 201320220850.3, it is proposed that
On the driven wheel outside be fixedly mounted on the stent of 1cm two be mutually parallel close to switch, detect driven wheel upper steel plate
It the real time of arrival, is compared with setting time, judges whether belt feeder skids.This method is to a certain extent to skin
Skidding with machine plays the role of detection, but is only to stop belt feeder work when detecting skidding, without real-time
Belt feeder is adjusted, the function without automatic adjustment, and the fracture of belt feeder is not detected simultaneously.
In conclusion at this stage, long haul distance conveying has carried certain detection conveyer belt fracture, the technology skidded, but does not have
The two is connected, and the tension factor to conveyer belt is caused to be broken and skid accomplishes adaptive adjusting not yet, lacks
Certain ability to predict and timely adjustment capability, the degree of automation be not high.Therefore, the automatic detection of the anti-fracture skidding of conveyer belt is developed
Adjusting apparatus and its control method are very necessary.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of long anti-fracture skidding of haul distance conveyer belt from
Dynamic detection adjusting apparatus and method, by obtaining belt tension to the real-time detection of the belt tension close to driving drum end
Variation, by the detection to conveying tape speed and driving drum rotating speed, real time contrast conveys turning for tape speed and driving drum
Speed, judges whether the variation of tension results in transport belt slippery in time, and carries out belt tension and driving drum rotating speed in time
It adjusts, solves because the variation of transhipment material causes belt tension to change the asking of caused transport belt slippery and fracture
Topic.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of automatic detection and adjustment device of the long anti-fracture skidding of haul distance conveyer belt, bag
Include mechanical part and observing and controlling part；
The mechanical part includes conveyer belt, transmission system, driving drum, bend pulley, conveying belt tensioning mechanism, support
Mechanism and apparatus for automatically regulating tension；
The conveyer belt is wound between the driving drum and the bend pulley, and the transmission system includes driving drum
Motor, the driving drum motor are connected with the driving drum；
The conveying belt tensioning mechanism includes the first roller, second tin roller and the 3rd roller；First roller and described
Second tin roller is between the driving drum and the bend pulley and is symmetric in the both sides of the 3rd roller, institute
State the contact outside of the first roller and the second tin roller and the conveyer belt, the inside of the 3rd roller and the conveyer belt
Contact；
The supporting mechanism include two the first supporting racks, two the second supporting racks, the first fixing axle, the second fixing axle,
3rd fixing axle and support plate, first roller and the second tin roller are respectively fitted over first fixing axle and described second
In fixing axle, the both ends of first fixing axle are fixed on by first supporting rack in the support plate respectively, and described
The both ends of two fixing axles are fixed on by second supporting rack in the support plate respectively；
The apparatus for automatically regulating tension includes servomotor, motor servo driver, reduction box and leading screw；Described 3rd
In the 3rd fixing axle, the both ends of the 3rd fixing axle are connected drum sleeve by the leading screw and the servomotor respectively
It connects, the servomotor is connected with the motor servo driver and the reduction box；
The observing and controlling part includes signal acquisition module and PLC automatic detection control modules；The signal acquisition module
For gathering the speed digital signals of the speed of the tension of the conveyer belt, the conveyer belt, the driving drum, and will acquisition
Data-signal be conveyed to the PLC automatic detections control module；
The PLC automatic detections control module is for receiving, converting, signal acquisition module described in calculating processing transmits
Signal, and the apparatus for automatically regulating tension and the driving drum motor are issued instructions to accordingly, the tension is adjusted automatically
Engagement positions and the driving drum motor carry out the adjustment of the belt tension and the driving drum speed respectively.
In said program, the signal acquisition module includes tension detection sensor, rotary velocity sensor, photoelectricity and compiles
Code device and signal acquisition processing circuit；
The tension detection sensor is mounted on first roller, for detecting the tension of the conveyer belt；
The rotary velocity sensor is mounted on the second tin roller, for detecting the speed of the conveyer belt；
The photoelectric encoder is mounted on the inside of the driving drum, for detecting the driving drum driving motor
Speed；
The tension detection sensor, the rotary velocity sensor, the photoelectric encoder and signal acquisition process
Circuit connects, and the signal acquisition processing circuit is connected with the PLC automatic detections control module；The signal acquisition process
Circuit is used to gather the tension of the conveyer belt, the speed of the conveyer belt, the speed digital signals of the driving drum, and will
The data-signal of acquisition is conveyed to the PLC automatic detections control module.
In said program, the PLC automatic detections control module include PLC and touch-screen, the PLC for receive,
The signal of signal acquisition processing circuit transmission described in conversion, calculating processing, and issue instructions to the tension accordingly and adjust automatically
Engagement positions and the transmission system, the apparatus for automatically regulating tension and the transmission system carry out the belt tension respectively
With the adjustment of the driving drum speed；The touch-screen is used to show belt tension, conveyer belt real-time speed and setting
Work normally tension parameters.
In said program, the tension detection sensor is strain gauge pressure sensor.
The automatic detection and adjustment method of the automatic detection and adjustment device, comprises the following steps：
S1：Before long haul distance conveyer belt work, start apparatus for automatically regulating tension, by described in the detection of tension detection sensor
Whether the tension of conveyer belt, which reaches working stamndard, is suitble to start, and PLC controls the apparatus for automatically regulating tension by the conveyer belt
Tension adjustment to entry condition；
S2：Long haul distance conveyer belt is started to work, and starts ribbon conveyer, is transported material, is detected the conveyer belt in real time
The velocity of rotation v of tension, the driving drum1And the running speed v of the conveyer belt2, by and gather data transfer arrive described in
PLC；
S3：The PLC is by the velocity of rotation v of the driving drum of acquisition1And the running speed v of the conveyer belt2It carries out
Comparison, when speed difference Δ v ≠ 0；The PLC adjusts turning for the driving drum by driving drum motor described in Frequency Converter Control
Turn speed v1, the PLC use closed loop control method, the speed difference Δ v after adjusting is fed back into the PLC, at calculating
Reason adjusts the velocity of rotation v of the driving drum in real time1, until Δ v=0；
S4：While the step S3 is carried out, the PLC is handled by FUZZY ALGORITHMS FOR CONTROL, and the PLC is through built-in
Fuzzy controller calculates the working tension that conveyer belt needs at this time after adjusting, draw the apparatus for automatically regulating tension
Leading screw needs mobile distance, and the PLC transfers data to the motor servo driver, and the servomotor is controlled to drive
The leading screw generates displacement, the tension of the conveyer belt is controlled by adjusting the upper-lower position of the 3rd roller, so as to real
The adjust automatically of the existing belt tension；
S5：The tension of the conveyer belt is detected in real time, and the tension of the conveyer belt is made to maintain within rated range；
S6：As the velocity of rotation v for detecting the driving drum1And the running speed v of the conveyer belt2When equal, simultaneously
The Automatic tensile force detection device detects the tension of the conveyer belt within normal range (NR), and the servomotor stops work
Make.
In said program, the step S1 is specially：It is calculated by tension detection sensor acquisition described defeated
Send the tension F of band；
The calculation formula of the tension F of the conveyer belt is：
F=E ε A
Wherein, E is the elasticity modulus of materials of the foil gauge of the strain gauge pressure sensor, and ε is the deformation quantity of foil gauge,
A is forced area；
Tension compares when the tension for the conveyer belt that acquisition is calculated and the conveyer belt best effort of setting, is set as difference exceeds
Determine scope, then according to servomotor institute in apparatus for automatically regulating tension described in the size of difference and the gear ratio calculation of adjustment mechanism
The number of turns and angle that need to be driven carry out belt tension F before work quickly adjusting and reach working stamndard.
In said program, the step S2 is specially：Start ribbon conveyer, transport material, the tension detection sensing
Device, rotary velocity sensor and photoelectric encoder work at the same time, and detect the tension F of the conveyer belt, the driving rolling in real time
The velocity of rotation v of cylinder1And the running speed v of the conveyer belt2, wherein the velocity of rotation v of the driving drum1It is driven by detecting
The rotating speed n of dynamic motor1It is acquired with the diameter d of the driving drum (2), formula v1=π dn1, the operating of the conveyer belt
Speed v2Pass through the umber of pulse n in detection time t2It acquires, formula isX is the distance value that individual pulse represents；
The signal of acquisition is transferred to PLC after digital analog converter is converted to the identifiable information of PLC.
In said program, the step S5 is specially：
It detects the tension of the conveyer belt in real time by the tension detection sensor, is normally opened needed for conveyer belt work
On the basis of power scope, the tension Δ F=F-F of required adjustment is calculated1Positive-negative relationship and size, wherein F be conveyer belt work
Normal tension scope needed for work, F1For the belt tension size that actual acquisition arrives, judge | Δ F | whether in the normal work of conveyer belt
In the range of work, it will be more than tension needed for conveyer belt works normally when determining belt tension, then signal be passed through into fuzzy control
Device processed is handled, and calculates the number of turns n rotated needed for the servomotor, and relation formula is：
Wherein n is turnning circle needed for servomotor, and i is the gearratio of reduction box, and Δ θ is that leading screw needs mobile position
It moves；
Carrying out the adjusting of belt tension makes the belt tension F maintain within rated range, avoids tension adjustment
Occurs conveyer belt phenomenon of rupture in the process.
The present invention has the following advantages：The present invention passes through belt tension detection sensor module, conveyer belt is rotary
Velocity sensor is designed to an entirety with the apparatus for automatically regulating tension, and mould is adjusted in combination with driving drum motor speed
The skidding of long haul distance conveyer belt and fracture defect foundation are contacted, the variation of belt tension are detected while detection is skidded by block,
When handling sipping fault, belt tension is also detected in real time, tension adjusting device is avoided to be broken caused by adjusting excessively and is asked
Topic；The tension reference value of conveyer belt is set in best effort tension range, is examined by driving drum and the speed of conveyer belt
It surveys, the multi-faceted detection such as the tension of conveyer belt detection, when detection belt tension is more than that this scope allows tension adjust automatically
Device works, and plays the effect of anticipation, and belt tension is avoided to reach peak load and causes the consequence that can not be reversed, controls mould
Block automatically adjusts belt tension using fuzzy self-tuning control method, improves the real-time of belt tension adjustment
And accuracy, rapid automatized degree height is adjusted, fracture and slipping phenomenon to conveyer have been accomplished timely to prevent
Adjustment.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the main signal of mechanical part structure of the long anti-fracture skidding automatic detection and adjustment device of haul distance conveyer belt of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is that the mechanical part of the long anti-fracture skidding automatic detection and adjustment device of haul distance conveyer belt of the present invention is partially schematic
Figure；
Fig. 3 is that the observing and controlling part composition structure of the long anti-fracture skidding automatic detection and adjustment device of haul distance conveyer belt of the present invention is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the long anti-fracture skidding automatic detection and adjustment method flow of haul distance conveyer belt of the present invention.
In figure, 1, conveyer belt；2nd, driving drum；3rd, bend pulley；4th, the first roller；5th, second tin roller；6th, the 3rd roller；
7th, the first supporting rack；8th, the second supporting rack；9th, the first fixing axle；10th, the second fixing axle；11st, the 3rd fixing axle；12nd, support plate；
13rd, servomotor；14th, leading screw；15th, tension detection sensor；16th, rotary velocity sensor；17th, photoelectric encoder；18th,
One nut；19th, the second nut；20th, screw.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment the present invention is further illustrated, but protection scope of the present invention is simultaneously
It is without being limited thereto.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show one kind of the anti-fracture skidding automatic detection and adjustment device of long haul distance conveyer belt of the present invention
Embodiment, the long anti-fracture skidding automatic detection and adjustment device of haul distance conveyer belt include mechanical part and observing and controlling part.
The mechanical part include conveyer belt 1, transmission system, driving drum 2, bend pulley 3, conveying belt tensioning mechanism,
Supporting mechanism and apparatus for automatically regulating tension；The conveyer belt 1 is wound between the driving drum 2 and the bend pulley 3, institute
Stating transmission system includes driving drum motor, and the driving drum motor is connected with the driving drum 2, for driving the drive
The rotation of dynamic roller 2.
The conveying belt tensioning mechanism includes the first roller 4,5 and the 3rd roller 6 of second tin roller.First roller, 4 He
The second tin roller 5 is between the driving drum 2 and the bend pulley 3 and is symmetric in the 3rd roller 6
Both sides, the contact outside of first roller 4 and the second tin roller 5 and the conveyer belt 1, the 3rd roller 6 and institute
The interior side contacts of conveyer belt 1 are stated, conveyer belt 1 is made to have certain initial tension.
The supporting mechanism includes two the first supporting racks, 7, two the second supporting racks 8, the first fixing axle 9, second is fixed
Axis 10, the 3rd fixing axle 11 and support plate 12, first roller 4 and the second tin roller 5 are respectively fitted over described first and fix
On axis 9 and second fixing axle 10, the both ends of first fixing axle 9 are fixed on institute by first supporting rack 7 respectively
It states in support plate 12, the both ends of second fixing axle 10 are fixed on the support plate 12 by second supporting rack 8 respectively
On.
The apparatus for automatically regulating tension includes servomotor 13, motor servo driver, reduction box and leading screw；Described
The length of three rollers 6 must be of same size with the conveyer belt 1, and the 3rd roller 6 is sleeved in the 3rd fixing axle 11, institute
The both ends of the 3rd fixing axle 11 are stated respectively by the connection of the first nut 18 and the second nut 19 and two leading screws 14, two
The connection mode of leading screw 14 is identical, and two leading screws 14 connect a servomotor 13 by screw 20 respectively, described
Servomotor 13 is connected with the motor servo driver and the reduction box.Institute is driven by the rotation of the servomotor 13
It states leading screw 14 to rotate, first nut 18 and second nut 19 is made to move up and down, the leading screw 14 on both sides is with identical side
Formula moves, so that the 3rd fixing axle 11 moves up and down, the 3rd roller 6 up and down motion is driven to make the conveyer belt 1
The tension of the conveyer belt 1 is tightened or loosen to control, realizes the function of the 1 tension adjust automatically of conveyer belt.
As shown in figure 3, the observing and controlling part includes signal acquisition module and PLC automatic detection control modules；The letter
Number acquisition module includes tension detection sensor 15, rotary velocity sensor 16, photoelectric encoder 17 and signal acquisition process
Circuit.
The tension detection sensor 15 is mounted on first roller 4, for detecting the tension of the conveyer belt 1；
The tension detection sensor 15 is strain gauge pressure sensor, and foil gauge is mounted in first fixing axle 9, is examined
It surveys part to place close to 1 outside of conveyer belt, the deformation quantity of foil gauge is caused to detect in real time by sensing the conveyer belt 1
The tension F of the conveyer belt 1, by the tension signal detected be real-time transmitted to tension adjustment control module in the PLC into
Row comparison is handled.
The rotary velocity sensor 16 is mounted on the second tin roller 5, for detecting the speed of the conveyer belt 1
Degree, drives the rotary velocity sensor 16 to rotate, sends out a series of pulse, each pulse by the conveyer belt 1
A certain distance value is represented, detects the speed of the conveyer belt 1 in real time.
The photoelectric encoder 17 is mounted on the inside of the driving drum 2, for detecting driving drum driving motor
Revolution n1。
The tension detection sensor 15 is parallel with the rotary velocity sensor 16 to be contacted with the conveyer belt 1.
The tension detection sensor 15, the rotary velocity sensor 16, the photoelectric encoder 17 and signal are adopted
Collect process circuit connection, the signal acquisition processing circuit is connected with the PLC automatic detections control module, and the signal is adopted
Collection module is for gathering belt tension, conveying tape speed, the data-signal of driving drum speed, and by the data-signal of acquisition
It is conveyed to the PLC automatic detections control module.
The PLC automatic detections control module includes PLC and touch-screen, and the PLC includes Fuzzy PID Control System,
The PLC is used for the signal receive, convert, signal acquisition processing circuit described in calculating processing transmits, and sends instruction accordingly
To the apparatus for automatically regulating tension and the transmission system, the apparatus for automatically regulating tension and driving drum motor speed tune
Section module carries out the adjustment of the belt tension and the driving drum speed respectively；The driving drum motor speed is adjusted
Module includes frequency converter and the driving drum motor；The touch-screen is used to show belt tension, conveyer belt real-time speed
With the normal work tension parameters of setting.
The present invention gathers the tension information of the conveyer belt 1 by the tension detection sensor 15, passes through the rotation
Formula velocity sensor 16 gathers the velocity information of the conveyer belt 1, and the driving drum 2 is gathered by the photoelectric encoder 17
Velocity information, information of these acquisitions are conveyed to PLC by the signal acquisition processing circuit, by converting, calculating, comparing
The speed of the conveyer belt 1 and the driving drum 2 is obtained after processing, by judge to control the apparatus for automatically regulating tension into
The tension adjustment of the row conveyer belt 1, while detected in real time by tension and conveyer belt adjusting is avoided excessively to cause to be broken.
The automatic detection and adjustment method of the anti-fracture skidding automatic detection and adjustment device of long haul distance conveyer belt of the present invention：It will
The tension of the conveyer belt 1 detected in real time and the optimum tension of real work compare, and are handled by FUZZY ALGORITHMS FOR CONTROL,
13 torque of the servomotor regulation and control are carried out, by the way that the apparatus for automatically regulating tension is controlled to make the 3rd fixing axle about 11
Movement, makes the conveyer belt 1 tighten or loosen, so as to change the tension of the conveyer belt 1, is returned to normal range of operation
It is interior.The speeds match of the conveyer belt 1 and the driving drum 2 is carried out at the same time, judges the speed of the conveyer belt 1 and the drive
Whether the rotating speed of dynamic roller 2 is identical, and deviation occurs in the speed of such as the two, passes through 1 tension of conveyer belt detection and the driving
There is the reason for velocity deviation in the judgement of 2 velocity measuring of roller, then passes through 1 tension adjustment of conveyer belt and the driving rolling 2
Speed is adjusted, and eliminates the conveyer belt 1 and the speed difference of the driving drum 2, solves the problems, such as to skid.
It is illustrated in figure 4 the automatic detection of the anti-fracture skidding automatic detection and adjustment device of long haul distance conveyer belt of the present invention
Method of adjustment flow：Before ribbon conveyer work, the tension of the conveyer belt 1 is detected by the tension detection sensor,
Given starting working tension.In ribbon conveyer work, since the weight of loaded material can change, conveying is changed
The state of band detects the driving drum 2 and the speed of the conveyer belt 1, judges whether slipping phenomenon occurred in real time, when going out
Existing slipping phenomenon, controls the servomotor 13 that the leading screw 14 is made to move certain displacement, solves work in time by handling in time
Transport belt slippery problem in work, while the tension of the conveyer belt 1 is detected in real time, it avoids adjusting excessively or cargo accumulation is excessive
Conveyer belt is caused to be broken.Whole system realizes the function of conveyer belt anti-slip fracture.The automatic detection and adjustment method includes
Following steps：
S1：Before long haul distance conveyer belt work, the apparatus for automatically regulating tension is installed according to the schematic diagram of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2
Under ribbon conveyer, start apparatus for automatically regulating tension, whether the tension for detecting the conveyer belt 1 reaches working stamndard and be suitble to
Start, after the PLC controls the apparatus for automatically regulating tension that the tension F of the conveyer belt 1 is adjusted to entry condition, stop
Tension adjust automatically, concretely comprises the following steps：The tension F of the conveyer belt 1 is calculated by tension detection sensor acquisition；
The calculation formula of the tension F of the conveyer belt 1 is：
F=E ε A
Wherein, E be 15 foil gauge of tension detection sensor elasticity modulus of materials, ε be foil gauge deformation quantity, A be by
Power area；
The PLC compares tension when gathering the tension of the conveyer belt 1 calculated and the conveyer belt best effort of setting,
If difference is beyond setting range, then according to apparatus for automatically regulating tension described in the size of difference and the gear ratio calculation of adjustment mechanism
The number of turns and angle of transmission needed for servomotor 13 carry out belt tension F before work quickly adjusting and reach working stamndard.
S2：Long haul distance conveyer belt is started to work, and starts ribbon conveyer, is transported material, is detected the conveyer belt 1 in real time
The velocity of rotation v of tension F, the driving drum 21And the running speed v of the conveyer belt 12, the signal of acquisition is turned through digital-to-analogue
Parallel operation is transferred to PLC after being converted to the identifiable information of PLC, concretely comprises the following steps：The tension detection sensor, the photoelectricity are compiled
Code device and the rotary velocity sensor work at the same time, and detects the tension F of the conveyer belt 1, the driving drum 2 in real time
Velocity of rotation v1And the running speed v of the conveyer belt 12, wherein the velocity of rotation v of the driving drum 21By described in detection
The rotating speed n of driving drum motor1It is acquired with the diameter d of the driving drum 2, formula v1=π dn1, the conveyer belt 1
Running speed v2Pass through the umber of pulse n in detection time t2It acquires, formula isX is what individual pulse represented
Distance value；The signal of acquisition is transferred to PLC after digital analog converter is converted to the identifiable information of PLC.
S3：The PLC is by the velocity of rotation v of the driving drum 2 of acquisition1And the running speed v of the conveyer belt 12Into
Row comparison, calculating speed difference Δ v=v1-v2, when speed difference Δ v ≠ 0, i.e. v1≠v2, illustrate that conveyer belt is skidded；
At this point, obtaining the speed signal of presently described driving drum 2, the signal collected is handled, the PLC leads to
Cross the rotational speed v that driving drum motor described in the Frequency Converter Control adjusts the driving drum 21, and adjusted entirely
Cheng Zhong gathers the velocity of rotation v of the driving drum 2 in real time1With the running speed v of the conveyer belt 12；The PLC is used and closed
Speed difference Δ v after adjusting is fed back to the PLC, adjusts the driving drum in real time by calculating processing by ring control method
Velocity of rotation v1, until Δ v=0.
S4：While the step S3 is carried out, the PLC is handled by FUZZY ALGORITHMS FOR CONTROL, and the PLC is through built-in
Fuzzy controller 1 calculates the working tension that conveyer belt needs at this time after adjusting, draw the apparatus for automatically regulating tension
Leading screw 14 needs mobile distance, and the PLC transfers data to the motor servo driver, controls the servomotor 13
The leading screw 14 is driven to generate displacement, of the conveyer belt 1 is controlled by adjusting the upper-lower position of the 3rd roller 6
Power, so as to fulfill the adjust automatically of belt tension；
Pass through the tension F and the velocity of rotation v of the driving drum 2 to the conveyer belt 11Adjustment be carried out at the same time, solve
Caused by certainly changing in conveyer belt operational process due to weight of material the problem of transport belt slippery.
S5：During entire adjust, the tension of the conveyer belt 1 is detected in real time by the tension detection sensor,
On the basis of normal tension scope needed for conveyer belt work, the tension Δ F=F-F of required adjustment is calculated1Positive-negative relationship
And size, wherein F are normal tension scope, F needed for conveyer belt work1For the belt tension size that actual acquisition arrives, judge |
Δ F | will be more than to be opened needed for conveyer belt normal work when determining belt tension whether in conveyer belt normal range of operation
Power is then handled signal by fuzzy controller 2, calculates the number of turns n rotated needed for tension adjustment motor, relation
Formula is：
Wherein n is turnning circle needed for the servomotor 13, and i is the gearratio of the reduction box, and Δ θ is the leading screw
14 need mobile displacement,
Carrying out the adjusting of belt tension makes the belt tension F maintain within rated range, avoids tension adjustment
Occurs conveyer belt phenomenon of rupture in the process.
S6：As the velocity of rotation v for detecting the driving drum 21And the conveyer belt 1 running speed v2 it is equal when,
The Automatic tensile force detection device detects the belt tension F within normal range (NR) simultaneously, and the servomotor 13 stops
Only work.
The present invention obtains the variation of 1 tension of conveyer belt by the real-time detection of the tension to the conveyer belt 1, passes through
The detection of 2 rotating speed of speed and the driving drum to the conveyer belt 1, the speed of conveyer belt 1 described in real time contrast and described
The rotating speed of driving drum 2 judges whether the variation of tension results in transport belt slippery in time, and carries out the conveyer belt 1 in time
2 rotational speed regulation of tension and the driving drum is solved and drawn because the variation of transhipment material causes belt tension to change
The problem of transport belt slippery risen and fracture.
The embodiment is preferred embodiment of the invention, but present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, not
Away from the present invention substantive content in the case of, those skilled in the art can make it is any it is conspicuously improved, replace
Or modification all belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of automatic detection and adjustment device of the long anti-fracture skidding of haul distance conveyer belt, which is characterized in that including mechanical part and
Observing and controlling part；
The mechanical part includes conveyer belt (1), transmission system, driving drum (2), bend pulley (3), conveying belt tension machine
Structure, supporting mechanism and apparatus for automatically regulating tension；
The conveyer belt (1) is wound between the driving drum (2) and the bend pulley (3), and the transmission system includes driving
Dynamic Rolling motor, the driving drum motor are connected with the driving drum (2)；
The conveying belt tensioning mechanism includes the first roller (4), second tin roller (5) and the 3rd roller (6)；First roller
(4) between the driving drum (2) and the bend pulley (3) and it is symmetric with the second tin roller (5) in institute
State the outer side joint of the both sides of the 3rd roller (6), first roller (4) and the second tin roller (5) and the conveyer belt (1)
It touches, the 3rd roller (6) and the interior side contacts of the conveyer belt (1)；
The supporting mechanism is consolidated including two the first supporting racks (7), two the second supporting racks (8), the first fixing axle (9), second
Dead axle (10), the 3rd fixing axle (11) and support plate (12), first roller (4) and the second tin roller (5) are respectively fitted over
On first fixing axle (9) and second fixing axle (10), the both ends of first fixing axle (9) pass through described respectively
One supporting rack (7) is fixed in the support plate (12), and the both ends of second fixing axle (10) pass through described second respectively
Support (8) is fixed in the support plate (12)；
The apparatus for automatically regulating tension includes servomotor (13), motor servo driver, reduction box and leading screw (14)；It is described
3rd roller (6) is sleeved on the 3rd fixing axle (11), and the both ends of the 3rd fixing axle (11) pass through the leading screw respectively
(14) it is connected with the servomotor (13), the servomotor (13) connects with the motor servo driver and the reduction box
It connects；
The observing and controlling part includes signal acquisition module and PLC automatic detection control modules；The signal acquisition module is used for
The tension of the conveyer belt (1), the speed of the conveyer belt (1), the speed digital signals of the driving drum (2) are gathered, and
The data-signal of acquisition is conveyed to the PLC automatic detections control module；
The PLC automatic detections control module is used for the letter receive, convert, signal acquisition module described in calculating processing transmits
Number, and the apparatus for automatically regulating tension and the driving drum motor are issued instructions to accordingly, the tension adjust automatically
Device and the driving drum motor carry out the adjustment of belt tension and driving drum speed respectively.
2. the automatic detection and adjustment device of the long anti-fracture skidding of haul distance conveyer belt according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The signal acquisition module include tension detection sensor (15), rotary velocity sensor (16), photoelectric encoder (17) and
Signal acquisition processing circuit；
The tension detection sensor (15) is mounted on first roller (4), for detecting of the conveyer belt (1)
Power；
The rotary velocity sensor (16) is mounted on the second tin roller (5), for detecting the speed of the conveyer belt (1)
Degree；
The photoelectric encoder (17) is mounted on the inside of the driving drum (2), for detecting the driving drum (2) motor
Speed；
The tension detection sensor (15), the rotary velocity sensor (16), the photoelectric encoder (17) and signal
Acquisition process circuit connects, and the signal acquisition processing circuit is connected with the PLC automatic detections control module；The signal
Acquisition process circuit is used to gather the tension of the conveyer belt (1), the speed of the conveyer belt (1), the driving drum (2)
Speed digital signals, and the data-signal of acquisition is conveyed to the PLC automatic detections control module.
3. the automatic detection and adjustment device of the long anti-fracture skidding of haul distance conveyer belt according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
The PLC automatic detections control module includes PLC and touch-screen, and the PLC is for receiving, converting, letter described in calculating processing
The signal of number acquisition process circuit transmission, and the apparatus for automatically regulating tension and the power train are issued instructions to accordingly
System, the apparatus for automatically regulating tension and the transmission system carry out the belt tension and the driving drum speed respectively
Adjustment；The touch-screen is used to show the normal work tension parameters of belt tension, conveyer belt real-time speed and setting.
4. the automatic detection and adjustment device of the long anti-fracture skidding of haul distance conveyer belt according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
The tension detection sensor (15) is strain gauge pressure sensor.
A kind of 5. automatic detection and adjustment method of automatic detection and adjustment device described in claim 1, which is characterized in that including with
Lower step：
S1：Before long haul distance conveyer belt work, start apparatus for automatically regulating tension, by described in tension detection sensor (15) detection
Whether the tension of conveyer belt (1), which reaches working stamndard, is suitble to start, and PLC controls the apparatus for automatically regulating tension by the conveying
The tension adjustment of band (1) is to entry condition；
S2：Long haul distance conveyer belt is started to work, and starts ribbon conveyer, transports material, detects of the conveyer belt (1) in real time
The velocity of rotation v of power, the driving drum (2)1And the running speed v of the conveyer belt (1)2, by and gather data transfer arrive
The PLC；
S3：The PLC is by the velocity of rotation v of the driving drum (2) of acquisition1And the running speed v of the conveyer belt (1)2Into
Row comparison, when speed difference Δ v ≠ 0；The PLC adjusts the driving drum by driving drum motor described in Frequency Converter Control
(2) rotational speed v1, the PLC use closed loop control method, the speed difference Δ v after adjusting is fed back into the PLC, is passed through
Calculating processing adjusts the velocity of rotation v of the driving drum (2) in real time1, until Δ v=0；
S4：While the step S3 is carried out, the PLC is handled by FUZZY ALGORITHMS FOR CONTROL, and the PLC is obscured through built-in
PID controller calculates the working tension that conveyer belt needs at this time after adjusting, draw the leading screw of the apparatus for automatically regulating tension
(14) mobile distance is needed, the PLC transfers data to the motor servo driver, controls the servomotor (13)
The leading screw (14) is driven to generate displacement, the conveyer belt (1) is controlled by adjusting the upper-lower position of the 3rd roller (6)
Tension, so as to fulfill the adjust automatically of the conveyer belt (1) tension；
S5：The tension of the conveyer belt (1) is detected in real time, and the tension of the conveyer belt (1) is made to maintain within rated range；
S6：As the velocity of rotation v for detecting the driving drum (2)1And the running speed v of the conveyer belt (1)2When equal, together
When Automatic tensile force detection device detect the tension of the conveyer belt (1) within normal range (NR), the servomotor stops work
Make.
6. automatic detection and adjustment method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the step S1 is specially：Pass through institute
State the tension F that the conveyer belt (1) is calculated in tension detection sensor (15) acquisition；
The calculation formula of the tension F of the conveyer belt (1) is：
F=E ε A
Wherein, E is the elasticity modulus of materials of the foil gauge of the strain gauge pressure sensor, and ε is the deformation quantity of foil gauge, and A is
Forced area；
Tension when gathering the tension of the conveyer belt calculated and the conveyer belt best effort of setting is compared, if difference is beyond setting model
It encloses, then according to biography needed for servomotor in apparatus for automatically regulating tension described in the size of difference and the gear ratio calculation of adjustment mechanism
The dynamic number of turns and angle carries out belt tension F before work quickly adjusting and reaches working stamndard.
7. automatic detection and adjustment method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the step S2 is specially：Start band
Formula conveyer transports material, the tension detection sensor (15), rotary velocity sensor (16) and photoelectric encoder (17)
It works at the same time, detects tension F, the velocity of rotation v of the driving drum (2) of the conveyer belt (1) in real time1And the conveyer belt
(1) running speed v2, wherein the velocity of rotation v of the driving drum (2)1By the rotating speed n for detecting driving motor1With it is described
The diameter d of driving drum (2) is acquired, formula v1=π dn1, the running speed v of the conveyer belt (1)2When passing through detection
Between umber of pulse n in t2It acquires, formula isX is the distance value that individual pulse represents；The signal of acquisition is passed through
Digital analog converter is transferred to PLC after being converted to the identifiable information of PLC.
8. automatic detection and adjustment method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the step S5 is specially：
Detect the tension of the conveyer belt (1) in real time by the tension detection sensor (15), conveyer belt work needed for just
On the basis of normal tension range, the tension Δ F=F-F of required adjustment is calculated1Positive-negative relationship and size, wherein F for conveying
Normal tension scope needed for band work, F1For the belt tension size that actual acquisition arrives, judge | Δ F | whether in conveyer belt just
In normal working range, it will be more than tension needed for conveyer belt normal work when determining belt tension, then pass through signal fuzzy
PID controller is handled, and calculates the number of turns n rotated needed for the servomotor (13), and relation formula is：
Wherein n is turnning circle needed for servomotor, and i is the gearratio of reduction box, and Δ θ is that leading screw needs mobile displacement；
Carrying out the adjusting of belt tension makes the belt tension F maintain within rated range, avoids tension adjustment stages
In there is conveyer belt phenomenon of rupture.
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| CN201510677322.4A CN105600354B (en) | 2015-10-19 | 2015-10-19 | A kind of automatic detection and adjustment device and method of the long anti-fracture skidding of haul distance conveyer belt |
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| CN201510677322.4A CN105600354B (en) | 2015-10-19 | 2015-10-19 | A kind of automatic detection and adjustment device and method of the long anti-fracture skidding of haul distance conveyer belt |
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| CN106325149B (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2018-10-09 | 中铁隧道集团有限公司 | Belt conveyor intelligent control data acquisition treatment method in earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS tunneling process |
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| CN110347108A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-18 | 西安交通工程学院 | Frequency conversion auto-tensioning system based on fuzzy control |
| CN110436140B (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2024-04-09 | 浙江朗奥物流科技有限公司 | Multifunctional belt conveyor test board |
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| CN113634848A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-12 | 柳州杰诺瑞汽车电器系统制造有限公司 | Tin feeding wheel slipping alarm device of automatic tin soldering machine and use method thereof |
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| CN114655657A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-24 | 国能神东煤炭集团有限责任公司 | Method and system for judging slip fault of adhesive tape machine |
| CN114847010B (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2023-10-10 | 江苏大学 | Automatic adjusting device and method for tension degree of combine harvester transmission belt |
| CN117302897B (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2024-01-26 | 常州市传动输送机械有限公司 | Intelligent monitoring prevention and control method and system for belt conveyor |
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