CN105586859A - Integral irrigation and drainage pipe system of saline-alkali soil farmland and construction method - Google Patents
Integral irrigation and drainage pipe system of saline-alkali soil farmland and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105586859A CN105586859A CN201610103549.2A CN201610103549A CN105586859A CN 105586859 A CN105586859 A CN 105586859A CN 201610103549 A CN201610103549 A CN 201610103549A CN 105586859 A CN105586859 A CN 105586859A
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- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003657 drainage water Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B13/00—Irrigation ditches, i.e. gravity flow, open channel water distribution systems
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B11/00—Drainage of soil, e.g. for agricultural purposes
- E02B11/005—Drainage conduits
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种盐碱地农田一体化灌溉排水管道系统,其特征在于:灌溉管道(3)穿装在排水管道(2)内,集成为农田一体化的排水集水管和输水管的主管道;主管道上分段设置预制混凝土四通镇墩(4),预制混凝土四通镇墩(4)上另外相对的两端分别对接支管道的排水管道(2)及灌溉管道(3),集成为农田一体化的排水集水管和输水管的支管道;所述各支管道上间隔设置预制混凝土三通镇墩(6),预制混凝土三通镇墩(6)的给水立管通过孔(11)上设置给水立管(21),给水立管(21)上安装给水栓(5)。本发明实现两套管网套装在一起,灌溉水利用系数提高,排水降渍效果更好,对盐渍化农田改良具有更好的生态、经济效益。
The invention relates to an integrated irrigation and drainage pipeline system for farmland in saline-alkali land, which is characterized in that: the irrigation pipeline (3) is installed in the drainage pipeline (2), and is integrated into the main pipeline of the integrated farmland drainage collection pipe and water delivery pipe; Precast concrete four-way townships (4) are set up in sections on the road, and the other two opposite ends of the precast concrete four-way townships (4) are respectively connected to the drainage pipes (2) and irrigation pipes (3) of the branch pipes, and are integrated into a farmland The branch pipes of the drainage water collection pipes and water pipes; the precast concrete three-way townships (6) are arranged at intervals on the branch pipes, and the water supply riser passage holes (11) of the prefabricated concrete three-way townships (6) are arranged on the Water supply standpipe (21), water supply cock (5) is installed on the water supply standpipe (21). The invention realizes that two sets of pipe networks are set together, the utilization coefficient of irrigation water is improved, the effect of drainage and waterlogging is better, and the improvement of salinized farmland has better ecological and economic benefits.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明属于农业水土工程技术领域和土壤改良技术领域,尤其涉及一种盐碱地农田一体化灌溉排水管道系统及施工方法。 The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural water and soil engineering and the technical field of soil improvement, and in particular relates to an integrated irrigation and drainage pipeline system and a construction method for saline-alkali farmland.
背景技术 Background technique
在盐碱地改良和盐碱地农田水利工程建设中,为了作物灌溉、灌溉压盐、排水降渍,一般需要分别埋设灌溉压力管道、排水暗管(渗管)。灌溉管道用于灌溉和压盐,排水管道用来除地下水,降低过高的地下水位。灌溉管道和排水管道所用管材不同、埋深不同、管径不同(排水管道管径大)、埋深不同等,灌溉管道属于有压管,排水管道属于无压管,导致灌溉管道系统和排水管道系统均分开布置,运行相互独立。田间管道密度较大,既影响了耕作,又增加了管沟开挖量和占地,施工时挖掘排水管道沟渠较深,也容易将已有灌溉管道破坏。 In the improvement of saline-alkali land and the construction of farmland water conservancy projects in saline-alkali land, in order to irrigate crops, irrigate salt pressure, and drain water to reduce waterlogging, it is generally necessary to bury irrigation pressure pipes and drainage hidden pipes (seepage pipes) respectively. Irrigation pipes are used for irrigation and salt pressing, and drainage pipes are used to remove groundwater and lower the excessively high water table. Irrigation pipes and drainage pipes use different pipe materials, different buried depths, different pipe diameters (drainage pipes have large diameters), and different buried depths. The systems are arranged separately and run independently of each other. The density of pipes in the field is high, which not only affects the cultivation, but also increases the excavation volume and land occupation of pipe ditches. The excavation of drainage pipes and ditches is deep during construction, and it is easy to damage the existing irrigation pipes.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明根据盐碱地农田灌排实际存在的问题,提出了一种全新的灌溉排水一体化管道系统的设计和建设施工方法。实现本发明所采取的技术方案是:一种盐碱地农田一体化灌溉排水管道系统,包括有灌溉水源、排水管道、灌溉管道、泄水阀及排水沟,其特征在于:灌溉管道穿装在排水管道内,灌溉管道与排水管道之间设有透水支撑环,透水支撑环上设有支撑环透水孔,所述的排水管道带有渗水孔,集成为农田一体化的排水集水管和输水管的主管道;主管道上分段设置预制混凝土四通镇墩,预制混凝土四通镇墩,内设有四通内孔和四通外孔,主管道上的排水管道及灌溉管道对接在预制混凝土四通镇墩上相对两端的四通外孔和四通内孔上,预制混凝土四通镇墩上另外相对的两端分别对接支管道排水管道及灌溉管道,集成为农田一体化的排水集水管和输水管的支管道;所述各支管道上间隔设置预制混凝土三通镇墩,预制混凝土三通镇墩内设有三通内孔和三通外孔,排水管道及灌溉管道对接在预制混凝土三通镇墩上相对两端的三通外孔和三通内孔上,预制混凝土三通镇墩的另一支路设有给水立管通过孔,给水立管通过孔上设置给水立管,给水立管上安装给水栓。所述的透水支撑环为滚轮状,滚轮的两轮沿上相对开有支撑环透水孔。所述的预制混凝土四通镇墩由四通构件上体和预制混凝土四通镇墩下体构成。所述的预制混凝土三通镇墩由预制混凝土三通镇墩上体和预制混凝土三通镇墩下体构成;便于安装施工。所述的灌溉管道利用PVC或PE管材制成;所述的排水管道利用有渗孔的波纹管或透水混凝土管制成。灌溉管道和排水管道套在一起,只占用排水管道中的空间。通过配套的透水支撑环、预制混凝土给水三通构件、分水三通、四通构件、给水栓等附件,实现一套管道系统实现盐碱地农作物灌溉、大水压盐、排水降渍的综合要求。 According to the actual problems of farmland irrigation and drainage in saline-alkali land, the present invention proposes a brand-new design and construction method for irrigation and drainage integrated pipeline system. The technical solution adopted to realize the present invention is: an integrated irrigation and drainage pipeline system for saline-alkali farmland, including irrigation water source, drainage pipeline, irrigation pipeline, drain valve and drainage ditch, characterized in that: the irrigation pipeline is installed in the drainage pipeline Inside, a water-permeable support ring is provided between the irrigation pipe and the drainage pipe, and the water-permeable support ring is provided with a water-permeable hole for the support ring. Pipeline; the main pipeline is provided with precast concrete four-way townships in sections, and the precast concrete four-way townships are equipped with four-way inner holes and four-way outer holes. The drainage pipes and irrigation pipes on the main pipeline are connected to the precast concrete four-way townships. On the opposite ends of the four-way outer hole and the four-way inner hole, the other two opposite ends of the precast concrete four-way town pier are respectively connected to the branch pipe drainage pipe and the irrigation pipe, and are integrated into the drainage collection pipe and water delivery pipe integrated in the farmland. Branch pipes; precast concrete three-way townships are arranged at intervals on the branch pipes, and the precast concrete three-way townships are provided with three-way inner holes and three-way outer holes, and drainage pipes and irrigation pipes are docked on precast concrete three-way townships On the tee outer hole and the tee inner hole at opposite ends, the other branch of the precast concrete tee pier is provided with a water supply standpipe through hole, and a water supply standpipe is set on the water supply standpipe pass hole, and a water supply standpipe is installed on the water supply standpipe. bolt. The permeable support ring is in the shape of a roller, and the two wheels of the roller are oppositely provided with permeable holes for the support ring. The prefabricated concrete four-way town pier is composed of the upper body of the four-way component and the lower body of the prefabricated concrete four-way town pier. The prefabricated concrete three-way township is composed of a prefabricated concrete three-way township upper body and a precast concrete three-way township lower body; it is convenient for installation and construction. The irrigation pipes are made of PVC or PE pipes; the drainage pipes are made of permeable corrugated pipes or permeable concrete pipes. The irrigation and drainage pipes are nested together and only take up space in the drainage pipe. Through the matching permeable support ring, prefabricated concrete water supply tee components, water diversion tee, four-way components, water supply cocks and other accessories, a set of pipeline system can realize the comprehensive requirements of saline-alkali land crop irrigation, high water pressure salt, drainage and stain reduction.
本发明灌溉管道安置于具有渗水孔的排水管道中,通过透水支撑环、预制混凝土四通镇墩、预制混凝土三通镇墩、给水栓、泄水阀等实现灌溉排水一体化设计。具有渗水输水功能的排水管道中,将安装了透水支撑环的灌溉管道置入,透水支撑环可将灌溉管道固定于排水管道中间,灌溉管道外壁与排水管道内壁之间的空隙用于容纳土壤渗水,通过透水支撑环过水向下游流动。灌溉主干道需要向支干道分水时,为了便于连接,专门设置了预制混凝土四通镇墩和预制混凝土三通镇墩,既可以起到镇墩的作用固定排水管道和灌溉管道,又可以通过内部的排水孔向下游排水,从而实现了一条管道沟铺设两用管道的方法。 The irrigation pipeline of the present invention is placed in the drainage pipeline with seepage holes, and the integrated design of irrigation and drainage is realized through the permeable support ring, precast concrete four-way township, prefabricated concrete three-way township, water supply plug, and drain valve. In the drainage pipe with water seepage and water delivery function, the irrigation pipe installed with the permeable support ring is placed, the permeable support ring can fix the irrigation pipe in the middle of the drainage pipe, and the gap between the outer wall of the irrigation pipe and the inner wall of the drainage pipe is used to accommodate the soil Water seeps through the water-permeable support ring and flows downstream. When the main irrigation road needs to divert water to the branch road, in order to facilitate the connection, precast concrete four-way townships and prefabricated concrete three-way townships are specially set up, which can not only play the role of townships to fix drainage pipes and irrigation pipes, but also pass through The drainage hole inside drains water downstream, thereby realizing the method of laying dual-purpose pipelines in one pipeline ditch.
本发明将灌溉低压管道系统和排水管道系统集成布置,实现两套管网套装在一起,埋设在同一条管道沟中,能有效减少盐碱地管道密度,减少工程土方工程量,节约土地;有利于减少投资,提高灌溉和排水效果;(3)管道沟渠路线更容易跟踪,一旦损坏更容易发现问题;灌溉水利用系数提高,排水降渍效果更好,对盐渍化农田改良具有更好的生态、经济效益。 The invention integrates the irrigation low-pressure pipeline system and the drainage pipeline system to realize that the two sets of pipe networks are set together and buried in the same pipeline ditch, which can effectively reduce the pipeline density in saline-alkali land, reduce the amount of engineering earthwork, and save land; it is beneficial to reduce (3) It is easier to track the route of pipelines and ditches, and it is easier to find problems once they are damaged; the utilization coefficient of irrigation water is improved, and the effect of drainage and waterlogging is better, which has a better ecological and ecological effect on the improvement of salinized farmland. economic benefits.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为盐碱地灌排一体管网体系示意图; Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the irrigation and drainage integrated pipe network system in saline-alkali land;
图2为灌排一体管道输水排水工作示意图; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the irrigation and drainage integrated pipeline water delivery and drainage work;
图3为排水管内透水支撑环示意图; Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the permeable support ring in the drainage pipe;
图4为预制混凝土三通镇墩结构示意图; Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of prefabricated concrete tee town pier structure;
图5为预制混凝土三通镇墩的剖视结构示意图; Fig. 5 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of prefabricated concrete tee town pier;
图6为预制混凝土四通镇墩结构示意图; Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of prefabricated concrete four-way pier structure;
图7为灌排管道埋设示意图。 Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the burial of irrigation and drainage pipelines.
图中:1、灌溉水源,2、排水管道,3、灌溉管道,4、预制混凝土四通镇墩,5、给水栓,6、预制混凝土三通镇墩,7、透水支撑环,8、支撑环透水孔,9、四通内孔,10.四通外孔,11、给水立管通过孔,12、预制混凝土四通镇墩上体,13、预制混凝土四通镇墩下体,14、土工布,15、中砂透水层,16、原状土,17、泄水阀,18、排水沟,19、三通内孔,20、三通外孔,21、给水立管,22、预制混凝土三通镇墩上体,23、预制混凝土四通镇墩下体。 In the figure: 1. Irrigation water source, 2. Drainage pipe, 3. Irrigation pipe, 4. Precast concrete four-way township, 5. Water supply plug, 6. Precast concrete three-way township, 7. Permeable support ring, 8. Support Ring permeable hole, 9. Four-way inner hole, 10. Four-way outer hole, 11. Water supply riser through hole, 12. Upper body of precast concrete four-way town pier, 13. Lower body of precast concrete four-way town pier, 14. Geotechnical engineering Cloth, 15, medium sand permeable layer, 16, undisturbed soil, 17, drain valve, 18, drainage ditch, 19, tee inner hole, 20, tee outer hole, 21, water supply riser, 22, precast concrete three 23. The lower body of the prefabricated concrete Sitong pier.
具体实施方式 detailed description
参照附图,一种盐碱地农田一体化灌溉排水管道系统,包括有灌溉水源1、排水管道2、灌溉管道3、泄水阀17及排水沟18,其特征在于:灌溉管道3穿装在排水管道2内,灌溉管道3与排水管道2之间设有透水支撑环7,透水支撑环7上设有支撑环透水孔8,所述的排水管道2带有渗水孔,集成为农田一体化的排水集水管和输水管的主管道;主管道上分段设置预制混凝土四通镇墩4,预制混凝土四通镇墩4内设有四通内孔9和四通外孔10,主管道上的排水管道2及灌溉管道3对接在预制混凝土四通镇墩4上相对两端的四通外孔10和四通内孔9上,预制混凝土四通镇墩4上另外相对的两端分别对接支管道排水管道2及灌溉管道3,集成为农田一体化的排水集水管和输水管的支管道;所述各支管道上间隔设置预制混凝土三通镇墩6,预制混凝土三通镇墩6内设有三通内孔19和三通外孔20,排水管道2及灌溉管道3对接在预制混凝土三通镇墩6上相对两端的三通外孔20和三通内孔19上,预制混凝土三通镇墩6的另一支路设有给水立管通过孔11,给水立管通过孔11上设置给水立管21,给水立管21上安装给水栓5。所述的透水支撑环7为滚轮状,滚轮的两轮沿上相对开有支撑环透水孔8。所述的预制混凝土四通镇墩由预制混凝土四通镇墩上体12和预制混凝土四通镇墩下体13构成。所述的预制混凝土三通镇墩6由预制混凝土三通镇墩上体22和预制混凝土三通镇墩下体23构成;便于安装施工。所述的灌溉管道3利用PVC或PE管材制成;所述的排水管道2利用有渗孔的波纹管或透水混凝土管制成。灌溉管道3和排水管道2套在一起,只占用排水管道中的空间。通过配套的透水支撑环、预制混凝土给水三通构件、分水三通、四通构件、给水栓等附件,实现一套管道系统实现盐碱地农作物灌溉、大水压盐、排水降渍的综合要求。 Referring to the accompanying drawings, an integrated irrigation and drainage pipeline system for saline-alkali farmland includes an irrigation water source 1, a drainage pipeline 2, an irrigation pipeline 3, a drain valve 17 and a drainage ditch 18, and is characterized in that: the irrigation pipeline 3 is installed in the drainage pipeline 2, a water-permeable support ring 7 is provided between the irrigation pipe 3 and the drainage pipe 2, and the water-permeable support ring 7 is provided with a water-permeable hole 8 on the support ring. The main pipe of the water collection pipe and the water delivery pipe; the prefabricated concrete four-way township 4 is arranged in sections on the main pipe, and the four-way inner hole 9 and the four-way outer hole 10 are arranged in the prefabricated concrete four-way township 4, and the drainage pipe 2 on the main pipe And the irrigation pipeline 3 is docked on the four-way outer hole 10 and the four-way inner hole 9 at the opposite ends of the precast concrete four-way town pier 4, and the other two opposite ends of the precast concrete four-way town pier 4 are respectively connected to the branch pipe drainage pipe 2 and irrigation pipeline 3, which are integrated into the branch pipes of the drainage collection pipe and water delivery pipe integrated in the farmland; the prefabricated concrete three-way township piers 6 are arranged at intervals on the branch pipes, and the precast concrete three-way township piers 6 are provided with three-way inner holes 19 and the three-way outer hole 20, the drainage pipe 2 and the irrigation pipe 3 are butted on the three-way outer hole 20 and the three-way inner hole 19 at the opposite ends of the precast concrete three-way township pier 6, and the other part of the precast concrete three-way township pier 6 One branch is provided with a water supply standpipe passing hole 11, a water supply standpipe 21 is arranged on the water supply standpipe pass hole 11, and a water supply plug 5 is installed on the water supply standpipe 21. The permeable support ring 7 is in the shape of a roller, and the two wheels of the roller are oppositely provided with permeable holes 8 for the support ring. The prefabricated concrete four-way township pier is composed of a precast concrete four-way township pier upper body 12 and a precast concrete four-way township pier lower body 13 . The precast concrete three-way township 6 is composed of a precast concrete three-way township upper body 22 and a precast concrete three-way township lower body 23; it is convenient for installation and construction. The irrigation pipe 3 is made of PVC or PE pipe; the drainage pipe 2 is made of permeable corrugated pipe or permeable concrete pipe. The irrigation pipeline 3 and the drainage pipeline 2 are set together, and only occupy the space in the drainage pipeline. Through the matching permeable support ring, prefabricated concrete water supply tee components, water diversion tee, four-way components, water supply cocks and other accessories, a set of pipeline system can realize the comprehensive requirements of saline-alkali land crop irrigation, high water pressure salt, drainage and stain reduction.
本发明灌溉管道3安置于具有渗水孔的排水管道2中,通过透水支撑环7、预制混凝土四通镇墩4、预制混凝土三通镇墩6、给水栓5、泄水阀17等实现灌溉排水一体化设计。具有渗水输水功能的排水管道2中,将安装了透水支撑环7的灌溉管道置入,透水支撑环7可将灌溉管道3固定于排水管道2中间,灌溉管道3外壁与排水管道2内壁之间的空隙用于容纳土壤渗水,通过透水支撑环7过水向下游流动。灌溉主管道需要向支管道分水时,为了便于连接,专门设置了预制混凝土四通镇墩4和预制混凝土三通镇墩6,既可以起到镇墩的作用固定排水管道2和灌溉管道3,又可以通过内部的排水孔向下游排水,从而实现了一条管道沟铺设两用管道的方法。所述的排水管道2的透水率按照一般暗管排水要求加工排水孔,一般达到表面积的20%以上,一般采用波纹管,管道直径宜采用160mm以上。灌溉管道3一般采用标准PVC管道,支管直径一般比排水暗管小1-2个公分。为使灌溉管道能方便安装在排水管道内,排水管道2一般较灌溉管道3直径大两个标准直径(一般标准灌溉管道管径为φ110、φ125、φ160及以上管径,则相应的排水管径为φ160、φ180、φ200等,依次向上递增)。预制混凝土四通镇墩4和预制混凝土三通镇墩6,与一般管道镇墩不同的是,镇墩既起到固定管道、防止管道移动的作用,其内设置有灌溉管道用的四通构件和三通构件,起到了放置灌溉三通、四通管件、连接管道、通过排水的作用。镇墩分为上下体,方便将四通和三通放置其中,内孔径可与灌溉三通紧密接触。有两个直径不同的通过孔,内孔穿过灌溉管道,外孔比上下体外表面凹进3cm-5cm,直径与排水暗管外径相同,使排水管道正好卡于镇墩外径处,并通过预先设置的排水孔将排水排于下游。 The irrigation pipeline 3 of the present invention is placed in the drainage pipeline 2 with water seepage holes, and irrigation and drainage are realized through the permeable support ring 7, the prefabricated concrete four-way township 4, the prefabricated concrete three-way township 6, the water supply plug 5, and the drain valve 17. integrated design. In the drainage pipeline 2 with the function of water seepage and water delivery, the irrigation pipeline installed with the permeable support ring 7 is placed, and the permeable support ring 7 can fix the irrigation pipeline 3 in the middle of the drainage pipeline 2, and the outer wall of the irrigation pipeline 3 and the inner wall of the drainage pipeline 2 The gap between them is used to accommodate soil seepage, and the water flows downstream through the permeable support ring 7. When the main irrigation pipeline needs to divert water to the branch pipeline, in order to facilitate the connection, a precast concrete four-way township 4 and a precast concrete three-way township 6 are specially set up, which can not only play the role of townships, but also fix the drainage pipe 2 and the irrigation pipe 3 , and can drain downstream through the internal drainage holes, thereby realizing the method of laying dual-purpose pipelines in a pipeline ditch. The water permeability of the drainage pipe 2 is processed according to the general underground pipe drainage requirements, and generally reaches more than 20% of the surface area. Generally, bellows are used, and the diameter of the pipe should be more than 160mm. The irrigation pipeline 3 generally adopts a standard PVC pipeline, and the diameter of the branch pipe is generally 1-2 centimeters smaller than the hidden drainage pipe. In order to facilitate the installation of the irrigation pipeline in the drainage pipeline, the drainage pipeline 2 is generally two standard diameters larger than the diameter of the irrigation pipeline 3 (generally the standard irrigation pipeline diameter is φ110, φ125, φ160 and above, and the corresponding drainage pipe diameter φ160, φ180, φ200, etc., increasing upwards in turn). The precast concrete four-way township 4 and the precast concrete three-way township 6 are different from general pipeline townships in that the township not only serves to fix the pipeline and prevent the pipeline from moving, but also has four-way components for irrigation pipelines inside. And tee components, play the role of placing irrigation tee, four-way pipe fittings, connecting pipes, and passing drainage. The town pier is divided into an upper and lower body, which is convenient for placing the cross and tee in it, and the inner diameter can be in close contact with the irrigation tee. There are two passing holes with different diameters. The inner hole passes through the irrigation pipe, and the outer hole is 3cm-5cm recessed than the upper and lower body surfaces. Drainage is carried downstream through pre-set drain holes.
一种盐碱地农田一体化灌溉排水管道系统及施工方法,其特征在于:施工方法如下: An integrated irrigation and drainage pipeline system and construction method for saline-alkali farmland, characterized in that the construction method is as follows:
一、按照盐碱地地下水埋深和排水要求计算排水管道布置间距和埋深,排水管道2埋深在1.8m以内,排水管道2为打孔波纹管或透水混凝土管,排水管道2外敷土工布14和20cm厚度的中砂透水层15,作为反滤层,中砂透水层15上为原状土16回填,管道铺设的坡度按照排水水流方向下降,支管坡降稍大,主管坡降稍小,坡降在1/2000-1/500范围内,埋设深度按照地下水位和排渍要求;灌溉管道3不受埋设深度的影响;从灌溉水源1处提水后,经灌溉管道3进行输水灌溉,管道不因为埋深而增加水头损失; 1. Calculate the layout spacing and buried depth of the drainage pipes according to the buried depth and drainage requirements of the saline-alkali land. The buried depth of the drainage pipe 2 is within 1.8m. The drainage pipe 2 is a perforated corrugated pipe or a permeable concrete pipe. The medium-sand permeable layer 15 with a thickness of 20cm is used as a reverse filter layer, and the undisturbed soil 16 is backfilled on the medium-sand permeable layer 15. The slope of the pipeline laying decreases according to the direction of the drainage flow. The slope of the branch pipe is slightly larger, and the slope of the main pipe is slightly smaller. In the range of 1/2000-1/500, the burial depth is in accordance with the requirements of groundwater level and drainage; the irrigation pipeline 3 is not affected by the burial depth; No increase in head loss due to buried depth;
二、灌溉管道3套装在排水管道2中时,将透水支撑环7套在灌溉管道3外部,穿进排水管道2中,当排水管道2中排水时,通过透水支撑环透水孔8向下游管道流动; 2. When the irrigation pipeline 3 is set in the drainage pipeline 2, the permeable support ring 7 is set on the outside of the irrigation pipeline 3 and penetrates into the drainage pipeline 2. When the drainage pipeline 2 is drained, it is piped downstream through the permeable support ring permeable hole 8 flow;
三、按照灌溉要求,在主管道上间隔50-100m设置一个预制混凝土四通镇墩4,在预制混凝土四通镇墩4上构建支管道,支管道上每隔50-100m设置一个预制混凝土三通镇墩6,预制混凝土三通镇墩6的给水通过孔11上设置给水立管21,给水立管21上安装给水栓5,给水栓5的样式可以自由选择各种商品型号,灌溉管道输水同时满足大水压盐的要求;灌溉管道的给水立管21提前安装,并高出地面,沟渠填埋完毕后,安装给水栓5; 3. According to the irrigation requirements, set a precast concrete four-way pier 4 at an interval of 50-100m on the main pipeline, build a branch pipeline on the precast concrete four-way pier 4, and set a precast concrete tee every 50-100m on the branch pipeline The town pier 6, the water supply of the precast concrete three-way town pier 6 is provided with a water supply standpipe 21 on the hole 11, and a water supply cock 5 is installed on the water supply standpipe 21. Simultaneously meet the requirements of high water pressure salt; the water supply standpipe 21 of the irrigation pipeline is installed in advance, and is higher than the ground, and after the ditch is filled, the water supply plug 5 is installed;
四、遇到灌溉主管向支管分水或排水支管向主管汇水的情况时,或者需要固定管道时,利用预制混凝土三通构件6或预制混凝土四通构件4进行连接,排水管道2承插在四通外孔10或三通外孔20处,灌溉管道3承插在四通内孔9或三通内孔19处; 4. When the irrigation main pipe diverts water from the branch pipe or the drainage branch pipe collects water from the main pipe, or when the pipe needs to be fixed, use the precast concrete tee member 6 or the precast concrete four-way member 4 to connect, and the drainage pipe 2 is socketed in the There are 10 four-way outer holes or 20 three-way outer holes, and the irrigation pipe 3 is socketed in the four-way inner hole 9 or the tee inner hole 19 places;
五、排水管道2最终通向排水竖井或排水沟18,同时利用灌溉管道3末端的泄水阀17在冬季排水;灌溉管道3的泄水阀17可和排水管道2结合,通过排水阀井汇水后利用排水管道2将水排至排水竖井或排水沟18; Five, the drain pipe 2 finally leads to the drainage shaft or the drain 18, and at the same time utilizes the drain valve 17 at the end of the irrigation pipe 3 to drain water in winter; Utilize drainage pipe 2 to discharge water to drainage shaft or drainage ditch 18 after water;
六、预制混凝土四通镇墩4、预制混凝土三通镇墩6都分为上体部分和下体部分,利用混凝土浇筑模具制作,埋设时,按照施工要求,先挖出镇墩坑,现浇C20混凝土10cm,并将预制混凝土四通镇墩下体13和预制混凝土三通镇墩下体23分别固定在现浇混凝土基础上,将灌溉管道3分别对接在四通内孔9和三通内孔19上,排水管道2分别对接在四通外孔10和三通外孔20上,将预制混凝土四通镇墩上体12和预制混凝土三通镇墩上体22分别对接于预制混凝土四通镇墩下体13和预制混凝土三通镇墩下体23之上,使其上下体卡槽卡紧,不能移动,外孔与排水管道连接紧密; 6. Precast concrete four-way township 4 and precast concrete three-way township 6 are divided into upper body part and lower body part, which are made by concrete pouring mold. When laying, according to the construction requirements, first dig out the township pit and cast C20 Concrete 10cm, and the prefabricated concrete four-way pier lower body 13 and the prefabricated concrete three-way pier lower body 23 are respectively fixed on the cast-in-situ concrete foundation, and the irrigation pipe 3 is respectively docked on the four-way inner hole 9 and the three-way inner hole 19 , the drainage pipe 2 is respectively docked on the four-way outer hole 10 and the three-way outer hole 20, and the precast concrete four-way township upper body 12 and the precast concrete three-way township upper body 22 are respectively docked on the precast concrete four-way township lower body 13 and the lower body 23 of the prefabricated concrete three-way town pier, so that the upper and lower body clamping grooves are clamped and cannot be moved, and the outer hole is closely connected with the drainage pipe;
七、按照管道埋设施工要求,满足管道冬季防冻要求,安装土工布、铺设透水沙,填埋原状土。 7. According to the pipeline burial construction requirements, to meet the winter antifreeze requirements of pipelines, install geotextiles, lay permeable sand, and fill undisturbed soil.
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