CN105586676A - 一种木棉和聚乳酸的混合纺纱工艺 - Google Patents

一种木棉和聚乳酸的混合纺纱工艺 Download PDF

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CN105586676A
CN105586676A CN201610006480.1A CN201610006480A CN105586676A CN 105586676 A CN105586676 A CN 105586676A CN 201610006480 A CN201610006480 A CN 201610006480A CN 105586676 A CN105586676 A CN 105586676A
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kapok
fibers
spinning
bombax cotton
polylactic acid
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CN105586676B (zh
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马学所
周庭震
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Hangzhou Aiduo Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02GCRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/04Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06BTREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B1/00Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating
    • D06B1/02Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating by spraying or projecting
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06BTREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B23/00Component parts, details, or accessories of apparatus or machines, specially adapted for the treating of textile materials, not restricted to a particular kind of apparatus, provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B21/00
    • D06B23/20Arrangements of apparatus for treating processing-liquids, -gases or -vapours, e.g. purification, filtration or distillation
    • D06B23/22Arrangements of apparatus for treating processing-liquids, -gases or -vapours, e.g. purification, filtration or distillation for heating
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/01Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/03Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/11Starch or derivatives thereof
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/507Polyesters
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10BINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/01Natural vegetable fibres
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10BINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种木棉和聚乳酸的混合纺纱工艺,包括如下步骤,将助剂喷洒在木棉纤维上,在温度为60~80℃的环境中,平衡10~20小时,使助剂混合液在木棉纤维表面干燥并反应,即可获得预处理后的木棉纤维。所述助剂由30~50份乳酸低聚物,10~20份淀粉,0.1~2份扩链剂和28~59.9份水构成。将上述处理后的木棉纤维与聚乳酸纤维均匀混合,通过多道纺纱工艺,得到木棉和聚乳酸的复合面料。本发明解决了木棉纤维可纺性差的问题,利用淀粉在木棉纤维表面形成更多毛刺,增加抱合力,利用聚乳酸低聚物以及扩链剂等组分,使得木棉纤维和聚乳酸纤维表面充分反应,进一步增加纤维间粘连强度。

Description

一种木棉和聚乳酸的混合纺纱工艺
技术领域:
本发明属于纺织领域,尤其涉及一种木棉和聚乳酸的混合纺纱工艺。
背景技术
众所周知,木棉纤维具有独特的薄壁中空结构和轻质拒水吸油的特性,木棉纤维具有非常好的抑菌祛螨性和出色的保暖性能。木棉纤维纵向外观呈圆柱状,表面光滑,转曲少,光泽好,因此木棉纤维较为柔软,但是强力差,回弹性不足。长期以来,木棉纤维由于长度短、抱合力差(表面光滑)、弹性不好、蓬松易飞扬,难以独立纺纱,导致其在纺织方面的应用具有很大的局限性。
很多厂家采用木棉和其他纤维的混纺来增加木棉纤维的可纺性,例如木棉和晴纶、铜氨纤维、棉纤维、醋酸纤维、竹纤维、蛋白纤维、丙纶乃至蚕丝等。然而,很多厂家仅仅简单将几种纤维混合在一起,就想获得品质稳定的混合成纱,缺乏相应的技术支撑。
发明专利《一种棉纤维、竹纤维和木棉纤维的混纺纱201310189047.2》给出了一种三种纤维混合纺纱的技术方案,单纯的提到三种组分混合,没有给出任何技术上的创新和说明。类似的专利还有《一种棉纤维、木棉纤维和醋酸纤维的混纺纱201310189256.7》等等。
对木棉纤维的可纺性做出技术创新和说明的专利,包括发明专利《木棉纤维预处理方法201110121173.5》给出了一种利用硅油、毛油灯对木棉纤维进行预处理以提高可纺性的技术方案,主要目的在于对木棉纤维的表面进行糙化处理,增加抱合力。类似的专利还包括《增摩增重剂及其制备和在改善木棉纤维纺纱性能的应用20111015417.2》
发明专利《木棉纤维在纺纱、纺织领域的制造方法及其应用200610078141.0》中给出了利用丙烯酸酯、淀粉、聚乙烯醇和水的混合液来喷淋进行表面糙化、定型的工艺,该工艺旨在使木棉纤维表面形成毛刺,增加抱合力来增强可纺性,并不能进一步的增加不同纤维混纺时的粘黏性和强度。
上述专利大多引入了非天然纤维或化学组分,使得木棉纤维的绿色环保特性无法最大限度地体现。
发明内容
本方面专利的目的在于克服上述缺陷,提供一种木棉和聚乳酸的混合纺纱工艺。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种木棉和聚乳酸的混合纺纱工艺,包括如下步骤,将助剂喷洒在木棉纤维上,在温度为60~80℃的环境中,平衡10~20小时,使助剂混合液在木棉纤维表面干燥并反应,得到预处理后的木棉纤维,将所述预处理后的木棉纤维和聚乳酸纤维均匀混合,经过梳棉、并条、纺纱等步骤得到成纱。
将所述成纱送入烘箱放在80~100℃温度下进行纱支定型处理,使助剂充分反应,增加纤维间结合力。
进一步的,所述助剂由以下组分构成:
所述乳酸低聚物分子量为500~5000,所述扩链剂为ADR环氧基扩链剂,所述聚乳酸纤维为直径1.2D~4D,长度20~100mm的短纤维。
作为优选的,所述淀粉为低粘度变性淀粉,所述乳酸低聚物在常温或者60~80℃温度下为液态。
作为说明的,本发明利用乳酸低聚物作为木棉纤维和聚乳酸纤维之间粘连性的反应组分,添加高效的扩链剂来促进反应发生,极大的加强纤维间的结合力;进一步的,通过低粘度变性淀粉来进一步增加纤维表面毛刺,增加抱合力。
本发明的优点在于引入的乳酸低聚物同属聚乳酸,通过淀粉增加纤维表面毛刺,增加抱合力,通过乳酸低聚物与木棉纤维和聚乳酸纤维的双向反应,增加同种纤维以及不同纤维之间的结合力,使得成纱表面致密细腻,成纱质地好,强度高,具有很高的应用推广价值。该工艺完全采用绿色环保纤维,生产过程安全环保,成品可完全降解。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的优选实施例进行详细阐述,以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解,从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
实施例1
一种木棉和聚乳酸的混合纺纱工艺,包括如下步骤:
按照下述比例配置助剂:乳酸低聚物30份,淀粉10份,扩链剂0.1份,水59.9份。
在60℃环境下,将助剂喷洒在木棉纤维表面,平衡10小时,使之充分反应,得到预处理的木棉纤维。
将通过预处理的木棉纤维和聚乳酸纤维均匀混合,经过梳棉、并条、纺纱等步骤得到成纱。
将所述成纱送入烘箱在80℃下进行纱支定型处理,使助剂充分反应,增加纤维间结合力。
结果:纺纱过程较为顺利,成纱品质较好,强度较高。
实施例2
一种木棉和聚乳酸的混合纺纱工艺,包括如下步骤:
按照下述比例配置助剂:乳酸低聚物50份,淀粉20份,扩链剂2份,水28份。
在80℃环境下,将助剂喷洒在木棉纤维表面,平衡20小时,使之充分反应,得到预处理的木棉纤维。
将通过预处理的木棉纤维和聚乳酸纤维均匀混合,经过梳棉、并条、纺纱等步骤得到成纱。
将所述成纱送入烘箱在100℃下进行纱支定型处理,使助剂充分反应,增加纤维间结合力。
结果:纺纱过程顺利,纱支细腻,手感较好,成纱强度高。

Claims (4)

1.一种木棉和聚乳酸的混合纺纱工艺,包括如下步骤,将助剂喷洒在木棉纤维上,在温度为60~80℃的环境中,平衡10~20小时,使助剂混合液在木棉纤维表面干燥并反应,得到预处理后的木棉纤维,将所述预处理后的木棉纤维和聚乳酸纤维充分混合,经过梳棉并条纺纱等步骤得到成纱,所述助剂由以下组分构成:
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种木棉和聚乳酸的混合纺纱工艺,其特征在于,所述乳酸低聚物分子量为500~5000。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种木棉和聚乳酸的混合纺纱工艺,其特征在于,所述扩链剂为ADR环氧基扩链剂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种木棉和聚乳酸的混合纺纱工艺,其特征在于,所述聚乳酸纤维为直径1.2D~4D,长度20~100mm的短纤维。
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Cited By (2)

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CN110747549A (zh) * 2019-11-14 2020-02-04 蚌埠民丰纺织有限责任公司 一种聚乳酸与天丝混纺纱线及纺纱方法
CN115029828A (zh) * 2021-03-03 2022-09-09 盐城双山华峰纺织有限公司 一种聚乳酸纤维与棉纤维的混合纱线纺纱工艺

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CN110747549A (zh) * 2019-11-14 2020-02-04 蚌埠民丰纺织有限责任公司 一种聚乳酸与天丝混纺纱线及纺纱方法
CN115029828A (zh) * 2021-03-03 2022-09-09 盐城双山华峰纺织有限公司 一种聚乳酸纤维与棉纤维的混合纱线纺纱工艺

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