CN105576061A - 高导通高电压太阳能光电玻璃板 - Google Patents

高导通高电压太阳能光电玻璃板 Download PDF

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CN105576061A
CN105576061A CN201610076702.7A CN201610076702A CN105576061A CN 105576061 A CN105576061 A CN 105576061A CN 201610076702 A CN201610076702 A CN 201610076702A CN 105576061 A CN105576061 A CN 105576061A
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CN105576061B (zh
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尤晓江
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Wuhan Huashang Green Technology Co ltd
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Wuhan Wosun Lvneng Polytron Technologies Inc
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种高导通高电压太阳能光电玻璃板，包括玻璃基板，所述玻璃基板有两块，玻璃基板的表面设有由印刷于玻璃基板空气面的导电浆料在烘烤、加热和冷却后与玻璃基板表面熔融的导电线路，两块玻璃基板之间夹有电极位于两面的太阳能晶片，所述太阳能晶片的两个电极分别通过锡层与两块玻璃基板的导电线路的焊盘连接，两块玻璃基板的边缘设置有密封胶；所述玻璃基板为钢化玻璃基板；所述导电线路表面除去焊接太阳能晶片的焊盘以外的部分覆盖有PCB有机阻焊漆。本发明的高导通高电压太阳能光电玻璃板具有高导通率、高透光率的特点，大功率应用时具有良好的导热能力，能够应用于农业大棚顶棚等需要大面积透光的场景使用。

Description

高导通高电压太阳能光电玻璃板
技术领域
本发明涉及一种高导通高电压太阳能光电玻璃板，属于电子器件领域。
背景技术
电子产业作为国民支柱行业，近年来的发展日新月异，特别是以轻、薄、短、小为发展趋势的终端产品，对其基础产业——印制线路板行业，提出了高密度、小体积、高导电性等更高要求。线路板技术在这种背景下迅速发展壮大，而各个弱电领域的行业，如电脑及周边辅助系统、医疗器械、手机、数码(摄)像机、通讯器材、精密仪器、航空航天等，都对印制线路板的工艺及品质提出了许多具体而明确的技术规范。
传统的太阳能光电玻璃首先在太阳能晶片上制作电极，正负极可以位于太阳能晶片的同一面，也可以位于太阳能晶片的正反面，一般传统太阳能光电玻璃使用的带电极的太阳能晶片，其电极位于同一面。由于太阳能晶片为晶体硅，本身非常薄且脆，需要利用碰焊工艺带电极的太阳能晶片通过一组铜条焊接在具有承压作用的带有电子线路的底板上，最后利用层压工艺将太阳能电池模块安装于玻璃面板上，玻璃面板主要起到隔绝和防护的作用。
由于太阳能光电玻璃需要承受的电流大、电压强，则需要导电能力非常强，然而这种传统的太阳能光电玻璃，由于其本身带有电子线路的底板导通率有限，导致整个太阳能光电玻璃板的导通率非常有限。同时，碰焊工艺使得电路之间互联性非常强，仅一面覆盖有玻璃，太阳能晶片组装承压在玻璃上，在大功率高电压使用过程中，一旦太阳能光电玻璃板破碎或线路出现问题，很容易引起短路，存在很大的安全隐患，难以通过3C安规认证，并且碰焊机价格昂贵，效率低。此外，传统的太阳能光电玻璃板是不透明的，其适用场合非常有限。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种高导通高电压太阳能光电玻璃板，透光率超过90％，具有超导电能力，导电阻抗低于5×10-8Ω，制成的高导通透明玻璃基电路板无介质结合，使电路层在大功率应用时具有良好的导热能力，并且电路层与玻璃板分子紧密熔合，焊接太阳能晶片后不易剥落且整体高导通高透明，并且能够适用于大功率高电压的场合使用。
本发明为解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：提供了一种高导通高电压太阳能光电玻璃板，包括玻璃基板，所述玻璃基板有两块，玻璃基板的表面设有由印刷于玻璃基板空气面的导电浆料在烘烤、加热和冷却后与玻璃基板表面熔融的导电线路，所述导电线路为石墨烯层，或者为由表层的石墨烯层和底层的与玻璃基板熔融的金属层，石墨烯层与金属层之间的接触面相互熔融；两块玻璃基板之间夹有电极位于两面的太阳能晶片，所述太阳能晶片的两个电极分别通过锡层与两块玻璃基板的导电线路的焊盘连接，两块玻璃基板的边缘设置有密封胶；所述玻璃基板为钢化玻璃基板；所述导电线路表面除去焊接太阳能晶片的焊盘以外的部分覆盖有PCB有机阻焊漆。
所述玻璃基板的表面与导电线路的上表面平齐。
两块玻璃基板之间的间隙小于2mm。
所述导电浆料由质量比为65～75：3：5～10：10～20：1～3的导电粉、低温玻璃粉、乙基纤维素、松油醇以及顺丁烯二酸二丁酯组成，其中导电粉为石墨烯粉或者金属粉与石墨烯粉的混合物；若导电粉为金属粉与石墨烯粉的混合物，则石墨烯粉占导电浆料的质量百分比为2‰～5％。
所述玻璃基板的表面设有由印刷于玻璃基板空气面的导电浆料在在120～150℃的温度下烘烤100～200秒后、再置于550～600℃温度环境中300～360秒、然后置于710～730℃温度环境中维持120～220秒、最后冷却后与玻璃基板表面熔融的导电线路。
本发明基于其技术方案所具有的有益效果在于：
(1)本发明的玻璃基板与导电线路之间为熔融关系，联系紧密，具有超导电能力，导电阻抗低于5×10-8Ω，太阳能晶片和导电线路组成的完整电路能够高效运作；
(2)本发明的玻璃基板与导电线路之间为熔融关系，无介质结合，使电路层在大功率应用时具有良好的导热能力，并且电路层与玻璃基板分子紧密熔合，可进行太阳能晶片贴片且太阳能晶片不易剥落；
(3)本发明的导电浆料中石墨烯虽然含量少，仅占导电浆料的质量百分比为2‰～5％，但其分子排列极其致密，质量轻，能够浮于金属分子表面，由于其比金属耐磨且导电率高，因此最终形成的导电线路仍能保证其高导通率；石墨烯几乎是完全透明的，所以制作出来的玻璃基电路板能保证高透光率，透光率超过90％；
(4)本发明的玻璃基板的表面与导电线路上表面平齐，整个高导通透明玻璃基电路板的表面平滑，导电线路不易损坏；
(5)本发明的导电线路可二次覆盖有PCB有机阻焊漆，其将导电线路上待焊接太阳能晶片的焊盘留出，可以对电路层进行保护，防止导电线路表面氧化，维持超导电能力；
(6)本发明的导电线路完全熔融于玻璃基板上，若高导通高电压太阳能光电玻璃板破碎，整个电路随即断开，并且玻璃本身是不导电的，不会再形成电压，能够通过安规，适合高电压大功率场景使用，仅需要将直流转换为交流即可直接输出到高电压电网；而传统的太阳能光电玻璃板不易通过安规，只能允许低电压使用，若须与高电压电网连通，需要将低电压转换为高压交流电；
(7)由于太阳能晶片通过回流焊技术焊接于高透光率的玻璃基电路板上，低温锡膏熔化后形成锡层，太阳能晶片可通过锡层与导电线路导通，通过设计太阳能晶片和导电线路的布局，例如缩小太阳能晶片的面积，将太阳能晶片稀疏排列，则最终制得的高导通高电压太阳能光电玻璃板也具有高透光率，能够应用于农业大棚顶棚等需要大面积透光的场景使用，与传统太阳能光电玻璃板相比应用范围更广。
附图说明
图1是本发明的高导通高电压太阳能光电玻璃板的结构示意图。
图2是图1的AA向剖视图。
图中：1-玻璃基板，2-导电线路，3-焊盘，4-锡层，5-石墨烯层，6-金属层，7-太阳能晶片，8-密封胶。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
参照图1和图2，本发明提供了一种高导通高电压太阳能光电玻璃板，包括玻璃基板1，所述玻璃基板有两块，玻璃基板的表面设有由印刷于玻璃基板空气面的导电浆料在烘烤、加热和冷却后与玻璃基板表面熔融的导电线路2，所述导电线路为石墨烯层，或者为由表层的石墨烯层5和底层的与玻璃基板熔融的金属层6，石墨烯层与金属层之间的接触面相互熔融；两块玻璃基板之间夹有电极位于两面的太阳能晶片7，所述太阳能晶片的两个电极分别通过锡层4与两块玻璃基板的导电线路的焊盘连接，两块玻璃基板的边缘设置有密封胶8。
所述玻璃基板的表面与导电线路的上表面平齐。
两块玻璃基板之间的间隙小于2mm。
所述玻璃基板为钢化玻璃基板。
所述导电浆料由质量比为65～75：3：5～10：10～20：1～3的导电粉、低温玻璃粉、乙基纤维素、松油醇以及顺丁烯二酸二丁酯组成，其中导电粉为石墨烯粉或者金属粉与石墨烯粉的混合物；若导电粉为金属粉与石墨烯粉的混合物，则石墨烯粉占导电浆料的质量百分比为2‰～5％。
所述玻璃基板的表面设有由印刷于玻璃基板空气面的导电浆料在在120～150℃的温度下烘烤100～200秒后、再置于550～600℃温度环境中300～360秒、然后置于710～730℃温度环境中维持120～220秒、最后冷却后与玻璃基板表面熔融的导电线路。
本发明的高导通高电压太阳能光电玻璃板制作工艺如下：
(1)通过以下过程制作高导通透明玻璃基电路板：
(a)将导电浆料印刷在玻璃板的空气面；所述导电浆料由质量比为65～75：3：5～10：10～20：1～3的导电粉、低温玻璃粉、乙基纤维素、松油醇以及顺丁烯二酸二丁酯组成，其中导电粉为石墨烯粉或者金属粉与石墨烯粉的混合物；若导电粉为金属粉与石墨烯粉的混合物，则石墨烯粉占导电浆料的质量百分比为2‰～5％；
(b)将覆盖有导电浆料的玻璃板在120～150℃的温度下烘烤100～200秒；
(c)将玻璃板置于550～600℃温度环境中300～360秒，然后置于710～730℃温度环境中维持120～220秒，最后迅速冷却至常温，则此时导电浆料形成导电线路分布于玻璃板的表面且与玻璃板熔融，导电线路成为玻璃板的一部分，得到高导通透明玻璃基电路板，且玻璃板为钢化玻璃；
(2)取两块高导通透明玻璃基电路板，沿两块高导通透明玻璃基电路板的导电线路部分刮涂低温锡膏；
(3)取带电极的太阳能晶片，所述带电极的太阳能晶片的正极和负极分别位于太阳能晶片的正面和反面；将太阳能晶片夹于两块高导通透明玻璃基电路板之间，使太阳能晶片的正极与一块高导通透明玻璃及电路板上的低温锡膏接触，同时太阳能晶片的负极与另一块高导通透明玻璃及电路板上的低温锡膏接触；
(4)使用回流焊技术对导电线路部分加热，使低温锡膏熔化；
(5)将两块高导通透明玻璃基电路板的边缘密封。
本发明的导电线路完全熔融于玻璃基板上，若高导通高电压太阳能光电玻璃板破碎，整个电路随即断开，并且玻璃本身是不导电的，不会再形成电压，能够通过安规，适合高电压大功率场景使用，仅需要将直流转换为交流即可直接输出到高电压电网；而传统的太阳能光电玻璃板不易通过安规，只能允许低电压使用，若须与高电压电网连通，需要将低电压转换为高压交流电；由于太阳能晶片通过回流焊技术焊接于高透光率的玻璃基电路板上，低温锡膏熔化后形成锡层，太阳能晶片可通过锡层与导电线路导通，通过设计太阳能晶片和导电线路的布局，例如缩小太阳能晶片的面积，将太阳能晶片稀疏排列，则最终制得的高导通高电压太阳能光电玻璃板也具有高透光率，能够应用于农业大棚顶棚等需要大面积透光的场景使用，与传统太阳能光电玻璃板相比应用范围更广。

Claims (5)

1.一种高导通高电压太阳能光电玻璃板，包括玻璃基板，其特征在于：所述玻璃基板有两块，玻璃基板的表面设有由印刷于玻璃基板空气面的导电浆料在烘烤、加热和冷却后与玻璃基板表面熔融的导电线路，所述导电线路为石墨烯层，或者为由表层的石墨烯层和底层的与玻璃基板熔融的金属层，石墨烯层与金属层之间的接触面相互熔融；两块玻璃基板之间夹有电极位于两面的太阳能晶片，所述太阳能晶片的两个电极分别通过锡层与两块玻璃基板的导电线路的焊盘连接，两块玻璃基板的边缘设置有密封胶；所述玻璃基板为钢化玻璃基板；所述导电线路表面除去焊接太阳能晶片的焊盘以外的部分覆盖有PCB有机阻焊漆。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高导通高电压太阳能光电玻璃板，其特征在于：所述玻璃基板的表面与导电线路的上表面平齐。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高导通高电压太阳能光电玻璃板，其特征在于：两块玻璃基板之间的间隙小于2mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的高导通高电压太阳能光电玻璃板，其特征在于：所述导电浆料由质量比为65～75：3：5～10：10～20：1～3的导电粉、低温玻璃粉、乙基纤维素、松油醇以及顺丁烯二酸二丁酯组成，其中导电粉为石墨烯粉或者金属粉与石墨烯粉的混合物；若导电粉为金属粉与石墨烯粉的混合物，则石墨烯粉占导电浆料的质量百分比为2‰～5％。
5.根据权利要求4所述的高导通高电压太阳能光电玻璃板，其特征在于：所述玻璃基板的表面设有由印刷于玻璃基板空气面的导电浆料在在120～150℃的温度下烘烤100～200秒后、再置于550～600℃温度环境中300～360秒、然后置于710～730℃温度环境中维持120～220秒、最后冷却后与玻璃基板表面熔融的导电线路。
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