CN105567869A - 用于检测赤羽病毒、牛病毒性腹泻病毒和口蹄疫病毒的GeXP多重引物和方法 - Google Patents
用于检测赤羽病毒、牛病毒性腹泻病毒和口蹄疫病毒的GeXP多重引物和方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本研究拟建立基于GeXP多重基因表达遗传分析系统的多种奶牛疫病检测方法,解决多种奶牛疫病检测时血清学方法灵敏度低,常规PCR只能针对单一病原体检测,基因芯片方法成本较高等问题,构建3种奶牛疫病RNA阳性样本参考品;以参考品RNA的10倍连续稀释参考品为检测对象,灵敏度为检测至10-100拷贝;与其他奶牛疫病无交叉反应,无假阴性;检测实际样本600份,满足大量奶牛多种疫病的监控筛查要求。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物技术应用领域,尤其是用于三种进境奶牛病毒病的同时检测与鉴定。
背景技术
口蹄疫(FootandMouthDisease,FMD)、牛病毒性腹泻(BovineViralDiarrhea,BVD)和赤羽病(AkabaneDisease,AKA)是国家规定的进境奶牛需要隔离检疫的3种病毒性疾病。近几年,随着国民对优质奶制品需求的提升,进境奶牛数量逐年攀升,给奶牛进境口岸动物疫病检测实验室带来一定的工作压力和经费负担。因此,建立一种可以同时鉴别诊断多种奶牛疫病的高通量快速检测方法对减轻奶牛进境口岸检测实验室工作负担、降低检测经费及开展进境奶牛携带疫病的流行病学调查具有重要意义。
目前,针对进境奶牛的多种病毒性疾病,口岸动物检疫实验室普遍应用病毒分离、血清学方法和分子生物学方法进行检测。病毒分离培养是诊断的金标准,但存在测周期长、操作繁琐等问题;病毒中和试验需要特异性的标准血清或病毒毒株,在实际应用中具有一定的局限性;进口的酶联免疫试剂盒普遍价格昂贵;普通PCR、荧光定量PCR等分子生物学方法皆为针对单一病毒检测,无法满足多种病原混合感染鉴别诊断的检测需求。多重PCR技术已经应用于多种病原的鉴别诊断,但由于扩增偏爱性问题无法实现真正意义上的高通量检测。
发明内容
近几年由于进口奶牛数量的逐年增多,承担进境奶牛疫病检测任务的动物检疫工作人员亟需一种灵敏度高、特异性好的检测方法以满足降低外来动物疫病传入风险和实现快速通关的工作需求。目前,大多口岸动检实验室所应用的血清学(酶联免疫法)实验,每种检测试剂盒只能检验单一动物疫病,无法鉴别多种动物疫病的混合感染,并且进口检测试剂盒昂贵的价格而给检测实验室带来很大的经济压力。因此,建立一种高通量、快速、特异性好的检测方法对于降低动物疫病传入风险,加速进境动物通关,促进贸易便利化以及降低动物疫病检测成本均有重要的意义。
GeXP多重基因表达分析系统将多重PCR技术和毛细管电泳技术结合起来,不仅具有多重PCR扩增高通量检测的优点,而且具有毛细管电泳灵敏性高的特点。GeXP的技术特点是在特异性引物的5’端加入通用引物序列,组成特异性嵌合引物。在PCR反应过程中,特异性嵌合引物先分别与对应的模板结合,保证后续扩增的特异性,经过多个循环以后,由通用引物主导后续的扩增,这样可以减少同一反应体系中不同引物之间的干扰,实现每对引物扩增效率趋于一致,从而有效解决了常规多重PCR技术的扩增偏爱性问题。
本研究根据3种进境奶牛检疫性病毒的基因保守序列,分别设计了多对特异性引物和通用引物,优化反应条件,通过对单一病毒模板、混合病毒模板的检测验证了GeXP多重RT-PCR体系中每对引物扩增的特异性和准确性,建立了同时检测3种奶牛病毒病的GeXP高通量方法,检测灵敏度至少可达102拷贝/μL。该方法可为进境奶牛病毒病的分子诊断及境外奶牛疫病的流行病学调查提供技术支持。今后,还需要大量的阳性样本或病毒毒株对本方法做进一步的验证和优化。
附图说明
图1-图4GeXP多重RT-PCR特异性验证结果(图1,AKAV;图2,BVDV;图3,FMDV;图4,50bp-800bpMarker),图中Y轴为相对荧光单位,表示扩增产物的荧光强度,X轴为毛细管电泳过程中扩增产物的大小。
图5-图10GeXP多重RT-PCR对3种病毒模板的灵敏度结果(图5,106copies/μL;图6,105copies/μL;图7,104copies/μL;图8,103copies/μL;图9,102copies/μL;图10,50bp-800bpMarker)。
具体实施方式
GeXP启动试剂盒、DNAsizestandardKit、分离缓冲液、上样缓冲液购自美国贝克曼公司,一步法RT-PCR试剂盒、RNA提取试剂盒、基因纯化试剂盒购自德国QIAGEN公司,T7体外转录试剂盒、SpeI限制性核酸内切酶和RNA酶抑制剂均购自大连宝生物公司,pGEX-T载体购自Promega公司。
参考文献选择各病毒基因保守区并从GenBank数据库中下载3种病毒的基因序列,通过DNASTAR软件分析序列同源性,并用GeXPeXpressProfiler工具设计多重特异性引物。在正、反向特异性引物5’端分别连接一段非同源性序列作为通用引物(Tag),组成特异性嵌合引物。引物由Invitrogen公司合成,HPLC纯化。
SEQIDNO:1-AKA3:5′-AGGTGACACTATAGAATACACTGCCTTTACGCTCCATC-3′5′端用cy5标记;
SEQIDNO:2-AKA4:5′-GTACGACTCACTATAGGGACGGTGCATGTCGATAACCAG-3′;
SEQIDNO:3-BVDV3:5′-AGGTGACACTATAGAATAAGCGAAGGCCGAAAAGAGGCTA-3′5′端用cy5标记;
SEQIDNO:4-BVDV4:
5′-GTACGACTCACTATAGGGAAACTCCATGTGCCATGTACAGCAG-3′;
SEQIDNO:5-FMDV3:5′-AGGTGACACTATAGAATAGCCTGGTCTTTCCAGGTCT-3′5′端用cy5标记;
SEQIDNO:6-FMDV4:5′-GTACGACTCACTATAGGGACCAGTCCCCTTCTCAGATC-3′;
SEQIDNO:7-通用引物1:5′-AGGTGACACTATAGAATA-3′5′端用cy5标记;
SEQIDNO:8-通用引物2:5′-GTACGACTCACTATAGGGA-3′;
灭活的AKAV、BVDV、FMDV毒株均为本实验室保存。病毒RNA的提取使用QIAGEN公司RNA提取试剂盒,洗脱体积为40μL,于-80℃保存。
以不含通用引物的特异性引物分别扩增含有目的基因区域的病毒RNA,扩增后的PCR产物连接到pGEX-T载体进行单克隆构建质粒,提取克隆质粒,SpeI酶切线性化,并用基因纯化试剂盒对线性化后质粒进行纯化,用T7转录试剂盒进行体外转录,利用紫外分光光度计测量RNA浓度并计算各病毒RNA的拷贝数。
将通用引物稀释至工作浓度10μmol/L,特异性引物稀释至工作浓度1μmol/L。提取3种病毒RNA作为模板,按照一步法RT-PCR试剂盒配制反应体系:10×RT-PCR缓冲液2.5μL,dNTP预混液2μL,RT-PCREnzymeMix1μL,RNA酶抑制剂0.1μL,上下游嵌合引物(1μmol/L)各取1μL,上下游通用引物(10μmol/L)各取1μL,模板RNA2μL,用不含核酸酶的水补足25μL。经过条件优化后,最终确定反应条件为:45℃30min,94℃15min逆转录;然后:94℃30s,55℃30s,72℃30s,10个循环;94℃30s,65℃30s,72℃30s,10个循环;94℃30s,50℃30s,72℃30s,20个循环;72℃10min,1个循环。反应产物进行GeXPsystem毛细管电泳分析。
将各病毒对应的嵌合引物分别取等量进行混合,配制成多重混合引物,使各引物浓度为10μmol/L,并在反应体系中的终浓度为50nmol/L,反应体系中其它成分同单重RT-PCR,取3种病毒灭活样本核酸验证多重RT-PCR检测体系中各引物的特异性。
将体外转录病毒RNA梯度稀释至105、104、103、102、101拷贝/μL,各取1μL作为模板,检测多重体系的灵敏度。
根据多引物单模板灵敏度试验结果调整各对引物浓度。将3种病毒体外转录RNA等浓度混合并梯度稀释为106、105、104、103、102拷贝/μL作为模拟混合样品,其余反应条件不变,进行多引物多模板灵敏度分析。实验非同日重复三次,记录检测结果并计算各基因检测的变异系数CV。
具体实施方式
实施例1引物验证
单重RT-PCR产物经GeXP系统毛细管电泳分析,各目的基因扩增片段大小分别为AKAV:267~270bp,BVDV:349~354bp,FMDV:370~375bp,扩增片段大小与设计相符。
实施例2多重检测体系建立及单模板特异性验证结果
多引物检测体系中,每个反应只扩增出单一病毒模板的特异片段,无交叉反应,提示此方法特异性强,可根据扩增片段大小鉴别区分各病毒,结果见图1-图4。
实施例3多重检测体系单模板灵敏度试验结果
利用克隆质粒体外转录RNA为模板,各种病毒的检测下限均为100拷贝/μL。
实施例4多重检测体系多模板灵敏度结果
优化反应条件后,多重检测体系可在106、105、104、103、102拷贝/μL水平同时检测3种病毒RNA的模拟混合模板,结果见图5-图10。实验非同日三次重复,在104拷贝/μL时,各病毒基因变异系数介于1.2%~6.3%之间。
Claims (3)
1.一种同时检测口蹄疫(FootandMouthDisease,FMD)、牛病毒性腹泻(BovineViralDiarrhea,BVD)和赤羽病(AkabaneDisease,AKA)的引物组合:其特征在于特异性引物和通用引物序列如SEQNO:1至8所示。
2.权利要求1所述的引物组合在制备口蹄疫(FootandMouthDisease,FMD)、牛病毒性腹泻(BovineViralDiarrhea,BVD)和赤羽病(AkabaneDisease,AKA)诊断试剂中的应用。
3.一种同时检测口蹄疫(FootandMouthDisease,FMD)、牛病毒性腹泻(BovineViralDiarrhea,BVD)和赤羽病(AkabaneDisease,AKA)的试剂盒,其特征在于其特异性引物和通用引物序列分别为:SEQNO:1-8所示的引物;GeXP启动试剂盒、分离缓冲液、上样缓冲液,一步法RT-PCR试剂、RNA提取试剂、基因纯化试剂;
将通用引物稀释至工作浓度10μmol/L,特异性引物稀释至工作浓度1μmol/L,提取3种病毒RNA作为模板,按照一步法RT-PCR试剂盒配制反应体系:10×RT-PCR缓冲液2.5μL,dNTP预混液2μL,RT-PCREnzymeMix1μL,RNA酶抑制剂0.1μL,上下游嵌合引物(1μmol/L)各取1μL,上下游通用引物(10μmol/L)各取1μL,模板RNA2μL,用不含核酸酶的水补足25μL;经过条件优化后,最终确定反应条件为:45℃30min,94℃15min逆转录;然后:94℃30s,55℃30s,72℃30s,10个循环;94℃30s,65℃30s,72℃30s,10个循环;94℃30s,50℃30s,72℃30s,20个循环;72℃10min,1个循环,反应产物进行GeXPsystem毛细管电泳分析。
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