CN105563929B - 一种快速回弹海绵复合空气层面料 - Google Patents

一种快速回弹海绵复合空气层面料 Download PDF

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CN105563929B
CN105563929B CN201511007166.7A CN201511007166A CN105563929B CN 105563929 B CN105563929 B CN 105563929B CN 201511007166 A CN201511007166 A CN 201511007166A CN 105563929 B CN105563929 B CN 105563929B
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赵军伟
林红
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Boao Zongheng Network Technology Co ltd
Fantasy Tiankai (Guangzhou) Garment Co.,Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种快速回弹海绵复合空气层面料，空气层面料由面层、芯层、里层通过缝合或粘接而成，芯层为聚氨酯海绵，聚氨酯海绵的增韧处理步骤包括：包括碱液预处理、低温等离子预处理、溶胶处理等步骤。本发明通过对现有技术中的聚氨酯海绵进行增韧处理，将上述聚氨酯海绵与面层、里层通过缝合或粘接制得的空气层面料回弹性好，上述增韧处理过程中向海绵中引入纳米二氧化钛，赋予空气层面料优良的抗菌性能，且二氧化钛稳定交联在海绵中，由于海绵的弹性和多孔，与现有技术中通过树脂将二氧化钛粘附在面料表面相比，本发明的空气层面料经多次水洗，其抗菌性能减退不明显。

Description

一种快速回弹海绵复合空气层面料
技术领域
本发明涉及面料技术领域，具体涉及一种快速回弹海绵复合空气层面料。
背景技术
目前市面上的空气层面料主要包括以下三种：一是纺织辅料的一种，纯棉面料泡在一种化学溶液中，浸泡之后的面料表面布满了无数根极细的毛，这些细毛能使面料表面形成一层极薄的空气层；二是将两种不同面料缝合在一起，中间存在的间隙或者填充弹力卷曲纤维；三是将海绵薄片的上下表面与羊毛、羊绒、棉质、丝质、化纤面料等通过胶粘剂粘合，由于多孔的海绵具有良好的吸水性，质轻，可以起到如上述两种面料等同或相近的保暖效果。
但是，实际使用中发现，采用海绵制得的空气层面料在长时间折叠存放后，其面料皱褶处回弹力不足，很难恢复折叠前的平整状态，且该种空气层面料经多次水洗和晾晒后，海绵蓬松度有所下降的现象，进而缩短空气层面料的使用寿命。现有技术中主要在海绵生产初期就对海绵进行增韧处理，如CN 103641996 A公开了一种抗压海绵，抗压海绵及其制备方法，其组成原料为：三羟甲基丙烷聚醚 95-105、 3,4- 二氯苯基异氰酸酯 58-65、纳米碳酸钙 17-23、异丙基三（二辛基焦磷酸酰氧基）钛酸酯 1.0-2.0、三乙烯二胺0.8-1.2、碳酸氢铵7.0-9.0、改性纳米硅溶胶2.5-3.5和水8.0-9.0；本发明以三羟甲基丙烷聚醚和3,4-二氯苯基异氰酸酯为主料，具有优良的性、弹性、吸水性、耐水性的特点，纳米碳酸钙具有增韧补强的作用，提高海绵抗压强度和抗压弹性模量，采用纳米碳酸钙对三羟甲基丙烷聚醚改性处理，提高了产品的性能，增强了海绵的抗压效果。但是，上述改性的海绵成本较高，而且作为面料辅料，空气层面料所用的海绵大多为常规聚氨酯海绵，其使用量大。因此，有必要对现有技术中常规的聚氨酯海绵进行增韧改进。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中存在的缺陷，提供一种韧性和回弹性优良的快速回弹海绵复合空气层面料。
为实现上述技术效果，本发明的技术方案为：一种快速回弹海绵复合空气层面料，其特征在于，空气层面料由面层、芯层、里层通过缝合或粘接而成，所述芯层为聚氨酯海绵，聚氨酯海绵的增韧处理步骤包括：
S1：将聚氨酯海绵置于碱预处理液中浸轧处理，升温预处理2～5h，用水清洗，烘干，将聚氨酯海绵置于低温氨气中等离子处理，施加电压放电频率为13. 75MHz，功率为100～150W，处理时间为20～50s；
S2：配置羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液：羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液的主要组分为羧基化壳聚糖、有机酸、二氧化钛和水；
S3：将聚氨酯海绵浸渍在羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液中浸轧处理至少两次，升温至40～60℃，保温反应0.5～2.5h，将聚氨酯海绵取出，轧去多余溶胶；
S4：将S3所得海绵依次用乙醇和水清洗，室温下晾干，获得增韧处理的聚氨酯海绵；
所述羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液中氨基磺酸的体积分数为0.8～2%，羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液中的钛含量为 0.5～3%。
采用碱预处理液对聚氨酯海绵进行预整理，其作用在于通过碱处理可以增加聚氨酯海绵表面的粗糙度，进而增加后续步骤中溶胶与聚氨酯海绵表面的交联反应面积；等离子处理时高能粒子轰击作用下可在聚氨酯海绵的表面进一步蚀刻，并在聚氨酯表面接枝大量的氨基，羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液浸渍处理后的聚氨酯海绵中，羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液中的Ti-O网状结构沉积在纤维表面形成一层互穿的杂化薄膜，海绵表面接枝的氨基与羧基化壳聚糖的活性羧基发生缩合，薄膜与聚氨酯海绵之间形成稳定的交联，聚氨酯表面的薄膜间距羧基化壳聚糖薄膜的柔性和Ti-O无机膜的刚性，因此聚氨酯海绵的韧性和回弹性均得到提升。
优选的技术方案为，S1中的碱预处理液为氢氧化钠溶液和/或氢氧化钾溶液，碱预处理液中溶质的重量百分比为8～15%。碱预处理液浓度过量会导致聚氨酯海绵表面损伤严重，影响聚氨酯海绵的强力，进而影响其使用寿命，而碱液浓度过低则聚氨酯海绵表面的粗糙度增加不明显，不利于后续的接枝和交联反应。
优选的技术方案为，所述羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液还含有羧基化壳聚糖交联剂，羧基化壳聚糖交联剂占羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液0.02～0.2%。羧基化壳聚糖交联剂可以使羧基化壳聚糖分子间形成三维复杂的交联网络，进一步提高所得薄膜的韧性。
优选的技术方案为，所述羧基化壳聚糖交联剂为选自戊二醛、乙二醛和乙二醇二缩水甘油醚中的至少一种。
为了形成均一的溶胶整理液，保证溶胶整理液中Ti-O网状结构的均匀分布，优选的技术方案为，所述羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液的配制方法为：将羧基化壳聚糖溶于有机酸溶液中制备羧基化壳聚糖溶液，将钛酸正四丁酯边搅拌边缓慢加入羧基化壳聚糖溶液中，直至溶液澄清，脱泡处理得羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液。
优选的技术方案为，所述有机酸为氨基磺酸。氨基磺酸分子会与羧基化壳聚糖分子中的氨基成盐，此时羧基化壳聚糖分子中的氢键被破坏，分子间距离增大，分子链呈扩张状态，羧基化壳聚糖溶解性增强，因而在氨基磺酸中形 成均相体系，有利于氨基化反应发生，体系中加入钛酸丁酯后，钛酸丁酯具有较强的亲电性，进攻弱酯，发生酯交换，同时在强酸条件下发生水解缩合，生成Ti-O网状结构。
优选的技术方案为，所述S1中聚氨酯海绵预处理温度为50～60℃。
优选的技术方案还可以为，所述羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液还包含羟基增塑剂，羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液中增塑剂的重量百分比为0.05～0.5%。羟基增塑剂的氢键与羧基化壳聚糖的活性氨基发生氢键作用，替代了原有的羧基化壳聚糖分子链之间或羧基化壳聚糖与钛溶胶氢键之间的极性连接，降低膜内刚性连接点的数量，从而使薄膜更柔软疏松，使交联包覆在聚氨酯海绵表面的薄膜更柔软。
优选的技术方案为，所述羟基增塑剂为甘油和/或乙二醇。采用小分子的甘油和/或乙二醇，更容易进入羧基化壳聚糖分子间之间占据连接点。
优选的技术方案为，面层为羊绒或羊毛面料，里层为长绒棉面料，所述面层、芯层和里层通过粘合剂粘接成一体结构，所述粘合剂为PUR热熔胶。羊毛或羊绒面料具有一定的厚度，由于面料面为具有优良的抗皱性能，因此面料表面不会出现明显的折痕，可以一定程度上加快海绵层的回弹速度，内层选用长绒棉，触感舒适，且可以避免内侧面料与皮肤或其他衣服之间摩擦产生的静电现象。
本发明的优点和有益效果在于：
本发明依次对聚氨酯泡沫进行碱液预处理、低温等离子预处理、溶胶处理，增加聚氨酯海绵表面的粗糙度，进而增加后续步骤中溶胶与聚氨酯海绵表面的交联反应面积；等离子处理时高能粒子轰击作用下可在聚氨酯海绵的表面进一步蚀刻，并在聚氨酯海绵表面接枝大量的氨基；羧基化壳聚糖和溶胶中的Ti-O网状结构沉积在纤维表面形成一层互穿的杂化薄膜，有效提高聚氨酯海绵的韧性和回弹性能；
将上述聚氨酯海绵与面层、里层通过缝合或粘接制得的空气层面料回弹性好，上述增韧处理过程中向海绵中引入纳米二氧化钛，赋予空气层面料优良的抗菌性能，且二氧化钛稳定交联在海绵中，由于海绵的弹性和多孔，与现有技术中通过树脂将二氧化钛粘附在面料表面相比，本发明的空气层面料经多次水洗，其抗菌性能减退不明显。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1：
实施例1（简称S1，下述实施例相同）的快速回弹海绵复合空气层面料包括如下步骤：
S1：将聚氨酯海绵置于碱预处理液中浸渍处理，升温预处理2h，用水清洗，烘干，将聚氨酯海绵置于低温氨气中等离子处理，施加电压放电频率为13. 75MHz，功率为100W，处理时间为20s；
S2：配置羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液：羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液的主要组分为羧基化壳聚糖、有机酸、二氧化钛和水；
S3：将聚氨酯海绵浸渍在羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液中浸轧处理至少两次，升温至40℃，保温反应0.5h，将聚氨酯海绵取出，轧去多余溶胶；
S4：将S3所得海绵依次用乙醇和水清洗，室温下晾干，获得增韧处理的聚氨酯海绵；
所述羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液中氨基磺酸的体积分数为0.8%，羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液中的钛含量为 0.5%。
S1中的碱预处理液为氨水；羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液的配制方法为：将羧基化壳聚糖溶于有机酸溶液中制备羧基化壳聚糖溶液，将钛酸正四丁酯边搅拌边缓慢加入羧基化壳聚糖溶液中，直至溶液澄清，脱泡处理得羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液；有机酸为氨基磺酸。S1中聚氨酯海绵预处理温度为50℃。实施例1的面层和里层均为长绒棉。
实施例2
实施例2与实施例1的区别在于：
S1：将聚氨酯海绵置于碱预处理液中浸渍处理，升温预处理5h，用水清洗，烘干，将聚氨酯海绵置于低温氨气中等离子处理，施加电压放电频率为13. 75MHz，功率为150W，处理时间为50s；
S2：配置羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液：羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液的主要组分为羧基化壳聚糖、有机酸、二氧化钛和水；
S3：将聚氨酯海绵浸渍在羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液中浸轧处理至少两次，升温至60℃，保温反应2.5h，将聚氨酯海绵取出，轧去多余溶胶；
S4：将S3所得海绵依次用乙醇和水清洗，室温下晾干，获得增韧处理的聚氨酯海绵。
所述羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液中氨基磺酸的体积分数为2%，羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液中的钛含量为3%。
S1中的碱预处理液为氢氧化钠溶液，氢氧化钠溶液中的氢氧化钠重量百分比为8%；羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液还含有羧基化壳聚糖交联剂，羧基化壳聚糖交联剂戊二醛占羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液0.02%。S1中聚氨酯海绵预处理温度为60℃。实施例2中空气层面料的面层为羊绒，内层为羊毛。
实施例3
实施例3与实施例2的区别为：
S1：将聚氨酯海绵置于碱预处理液中浸渍处理，升温预处理3.5h，用水清洗，烘干，将聚氨酯海绵置于低温氨气中等离子处理，施加电压放电频率为13. 75MHz，功率为125W，处理时间为35s；
S2：配置羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液：羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液的主要组分为羧基化壳聚糖、有机酸、二氧化钛和水；
S3：将聚氨酯海绵浸渍在羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液中浸轧处理至少两次，升温至50℃，保温反应1.5h，将聚氨酯海绵取出，轧去多余溶胶；
S4：将S3所得海绵依次用乙醇和水清洗，室温下晾干，获得增韧处理的聚氨酯海绵。
所述羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液中氨基磺酸的体积分数为1.4%，羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液中的钛含量为1.75%。
S1中的碱预处理液为氢氧化钾溶液，碱预处理液中溶质的重量百分比为15%；羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液还含有羧基化壳聚糖交联剂乙二醛0.2%；S1中聚氨酯海绵预处理温度为55℃；羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液还包含羟基增塑剂甘油，羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液中甘油的重量百分比为0.05%。实施例3中空气层面料的面层为羊毛，内层为长绒棉。
实施例4
实施例4与实施例3的区别为：S1中的碱预处理液为氢氧化钾溶液，碱预处理液中溶质的重量百分比为11%；羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液还含有羧基化壳聚糖交联剂乙二醇二缩水甘油醚0.11%；羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液还包含羟基增塑剂乙二醇，羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液中甘油的重量百分比为0.5%。
实施例5
实施例5与实施例4的区别在于，羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液还包含羟基增塑剂乙二醇，羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液中甘油的重量百分比为0.27%。
对比例1（简称D1，下述对比例相同）：对比例1省去碱预处理步骤；对比例2：对比例2省去低温等离子处理步骤，工艺条件同实施例5。对比例1和2的面层和里层同实施例5。
将未经处理的海绵两侧粘接与实施例5相同的面层和里层。
实施例、对比例和原海绵制得空气层面料的性能检测：
1、采用称重法对比处理前后聚氨酯海绵的重量增加百分比；
2、将空气层面料折叠，其上放置等重的物体1kg，5min后计量回弹时间；
从上表可以看出，海绵增重越大，空气层面料回弹时间却越短。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种快速回弹海绵复合空气层面料，其特征在于，空气层面料由面层、芯层、里层通过缝合或粘接而成，所述芯层为聚氨酯海绵，聚氨酯海绵的增韧处理步骤包括：
S1：将聚氨酯海绵置于碱预处理液中浸渍处理，升温预处理2～5h，用水清洗，烘干，将聚氨酯海绵置于低温氨气中等离子处理，施加电压放电频率为13. 75MHz，功率为100～150W，处理时间为20～50s；
S2：配置羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液：羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液的主要组分为羧基化壳聚糖、有机酸、二氧化钛和水；
S3：将聚氨酯海绵浸渍在羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液中浸轧处理至少两次，升温至40～60℃，保温反应0.5～2.5h，将聚氨酯海绵取出，轧去多余溶胶；
S4：将S3所得海绵依次用乙醇和水清洗，室温下晾干，获得增韧处理的聚氨酯海绵；
所述羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液中氨基磺酸的体积分数为0.8～2%，羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液中的钛含量为 0.5～3%；
S1中的碱预处理液为氢氧化钠溶液和/或氢氧化钾溶液，碱预处理液中溶质的重量百分比为8～15%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的快速回弹海绵复合空气层面料，其特征在于，所述羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液还含有羧基化壳聚糖交联剂，羧基化壳聚糖交联剂占羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液0.02～0.2%。
3.根据权利要求2所述的快速回弹海绵复合空气层面料，其特征在于，所述羧基化壳聚糖交联剂为选自戊二醛、乙二醛和乙二醇二缩水甘油醚中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的快速回弹海绵复合空气层面料，其特征在于，所述羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液的配制方法为：将羧基化壳聚糖溶于有机酸溶液中制备羧基化壳聚糖溶液，将钛酸正四丁酯边搅拌边缓慢加入羧基化壳聚糖溶液中，直至溶液澄清，脱泡处理得羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液。
5.根据权利要求1或4所述的快速回弹海绵复合空气层面料，其特征在于，所述有机酸为氨基磺酸。
6.根据权利要求1所述的快速回弹海绵复合空气层面料，其特征在于，所述S1中聚氨酯海绵预处理温度为50～60℃。
7.根据权利要求1所述的快速回弹海绵复合空气层面料，其特征在于，所述羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液还包含羟基增塑剂，羧基化壳聚糖溶胶处理液中增塑剂的重量百分比为0.05～0.5%。
8.根据权利要求7所述的快速回弹海绵复合空气层面料，其特征在于，所述羟基增塑剂为甘油和/或乙二醇。
9.根据权利要求1所述的快速回弹海绵复合空气层面料，其特征在于，面层为羊绒或羊毛面料，里层为长绒棉面料，所述面层、芯层和里层通过粘合剂粘接成一体结构，所述粘合剂为PUR热熔胶。
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