CN105557993A - Application of fludioxonil and compound thereof in preventing and treating diseases of sweet potato during storage - Google Patents
Application of fludioxonil and compound thereof in preventing and treating diseases of sweet potato during storage Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses usage of fludioxonil and antiseptic compound thereof in preventing and treating diseases of sweet potato during storage, wherein the diseases includes sweet-potato rot and ulcer disease, sweet-potato soft-rot disease, sweet-potato melasma disease, sweet-potato tar-spot disease and the like. The antiseptic compound comprises the following active ingredients: fludioxonil and active component B, wherein mass ratio of the fludioxonil to the active component B is (1-10): (10-1); and the active component B is prochloraz or difenoconazole. The fludioxonil and the antiseptic compound containing the fludioxonil can be prepared into pesticides of regular dosage forms. The fludioxonil and the compound thereof disclosed by the invention are high in drug efficacies to diseases of sweet potato during storage and good in disease preventing and treating effects; moreover, the fludioxonil and the compound thereof have wide bactericidal spectrums, so that the fludioxonil and the compound thereof are good in preventing and treating effects to the sweet-potato rot and ulcer disease, sweet-potato soft-rot disease, sweet-potato melasma disease and sweet-potato tar-spot disease. Furthermore, the fludioxonil, the prochloraz or the difenoconazole have the characteristics of high efficacy and low toxicity, so that the compound has good safety. The fludioxonil and the antiseptic compound thereof have the advantages of low cost, simple method and so on.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pesticide field, be specifically related to the purposes of fludioxonil in control sweet potato shelf time disease; And the purposes of microbicide compositions in control sweet potato shelf time disease containing fludioxonil.
Background technology
Sweet potato shelf time disease comprises sweet potato and rots that (pathogen is canker: eggplant fusarium (or claim Fusarium solani), Fusariumsolani) (the .PlantDisease.2014 such as R.-Y.Wang, 98 (1): 160), (pathogen is sweet potato black rot: Ceratocystis fimbriata Strains, Ceratocystisfimbriata), (pathogen is sweet potato soft rot: rhizopus stolonifer bacterium, Rhizopusstolonifer) (Xie Yiping etc. Agriculture in Jiangxi journal, 2009, 21 (8): 121-122), (pathogen is sweet potato scurf: potato hair chain spore, Monilochaetesinfuscans) etc., these diseases are storing sth. in a cellar the initial stage incidence of disease about 5%, the potato cellar for storing things of phase occurs serious after release from storage, the incidence of disease reaches more than 20%, potato block is caused to rot in a large number, rotten cellar for storing things phenomenon is serious, lose huge.
At present, the main method of control sweet potato shelf time disease is with the benzimidazole germicide such as carbendazim, thiophanate methyl, carry out enter cellar for storing things after sweet potato rewarding before the process of leaching potato (Yang Qinghua etc. Chinese fruit and vegetable, 2010,7:48-49).Because the consumption of sweet potato grower to medicament does not have strict restriction, Ceratocystis fimbriata Strains, rhizopus stolonifer, the eggplant fusarium drug resistance to the bactericide such as carbendazim, thiophanate methyl is improved year by year.Carbendazim is 50% to the inhibiting rate of alternaria, and does not have obvious inhibitory action to Bacteria erwinia and eggplant fusarium.Thiophanate methyl and carbendazim belong to benzimidazole germicide, identical with the mechanism of action of carbendazim, and prevention effect is poor equally.Therefore, up to the present, also effectively preventing medicament is not compared to sweet potato shelf time disease.
Fludioxonil (has another name called: fluorine fludioxonil, time suitable happy; Chemical name: 4-(fluoro-1, the 3-benzo dioxy-4-base of 2,2-bis-) pyrroles-3-nitrile; English name: fludioxonil; Its molecular formula: C
12h
6f
2n
2o
2) be a kind of pyroles bactericide; belong to non-systemic protective agent; its mode of action is present in the osmotic adjustment signal transduction pathway of pathogenic bacteria; this series bactericidal agent adds the glycerol content in pathogenic bacteria mycelia; and then suppress the protein kinase (DeenaErrampalli participating in glycerine route of synthesis; CropProtection; 2004); thus suppress conidia germination, germ tube to extend and mycelial growth; finally cause the germ death (.FungalGenticsandBiology such as HagiwaraD; 2009,46 (11): 868-878).The many pathogens of fludioxonil to sac fungus, basidiomycetes, Fungi Imperfecti have extraordinary preventive effect (Leroux, P.PestcideManagementScience, 1996,47 (2): 191-197; The .CropProtection such as Iacomi-VasilescuB, 2004,23:481-488; The .CropProtection such as HamadaMS, 2011,30:1028-1033).
Prochloraz (English name: PROCHLORAZ; Chemical name: N-propyl group-N-[2-(2,4,6-Trichlorophenoxy) ethyl]-imidazoles-1-formamide; Molecular formula: C
15h
16cl
3n
3o
2) be a kind of imidazoles wide-spectrum bactericide, there is the multiple actions such as prevention & protection treatment.Work by suppressing the biosynthesis of sterol, for the various crop disease caused by sac fungus and Fungi Imperfecti, there is obvious preventive effect, be widely used in seed, seedling treatment and the disease control of accompany storage phase (Han Lijun etc. Pesticide Science journal, 2005,7 (1): 54-58).
Difenoconazole (have another name called: Difenoconazole, aobvious pure, English name: difenoconazole, chemical formula: C
19h
17cl
2n
3o
3, chemical name: suitable, the chloro-4-of trans-3-[4-methyl-2-1H-1, 2, 4-triazol-1-yl methyl)-1, 3-bis-mute pentane-2-base) phenyl 4-chlorphenyl ether) belong to ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor, action character is the synthesis interrupting ergosterol in phytopathogen thalline, show as strong bacteriostasis, this medicine fungicidal spectrum is wide, have and upwards conduct in plant, lasting period is long, high to pathogen virulence, pathogen not easily develops immunity to drugs and to the non-target organism feature (.ChinChemLett such as ZhiHW such as safely, 2008, 19 (8): 969-972).
Through retrieval, the sweet potato shelf time diseases such as canker, sweet potato black rot, sweet potato soft rot, sweet potato scurf of rotting for sweet potato at present also do not have effectively preventing method; The application in control sweet potato shelf time disease of fludioxonil, Prochloraz and Difenoconazole is not found in retrieval yet.
Summary of the invention
The problems such as the drug effect existed when preventing and treating sweet potato shelf time disease for current application carbendazim and thiophanate methyl is low, pathogenic bacteria resistance to drugs strengthens, prevention effect difference, the object of the present invention is to provide fludioxonil preventing and treating the purposes in sweet potato shelf time disease.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the purposes of a kind of microbicide compositions containing fludioxonil in control sweet potato shelf time disease.This microbicide compositions is efficient, safety, applied range.
Realize technical scheme of the present invention as follows:
The invention provides the application of fludioxonil in control sweet potato shelf time disease.
Sweet potato shelf time disease described in above-mentioned application refers to that sweet potato is rotted canker, sweet potato soft rot, sweet potato black rot or sweet potato scurf.
According to those skilled in the art's general knowledge, above-mentioned fludioxonil adds auxiliary agent can be prepared into agricultural chemicals regular dosage form, as wettable powder, suspending agent, water dispersible granules, missible oil, aqueous emulsion or microemulsion etc.
Present invention also offers the application of a kind of microbicide compositions containing fludioxonil in control sweet potato shelf time disease.
Sweet potato shelf time disease described in above-mentioned application refers to that sweet potato is rotted canker, sweet potato soft rot, sweet potato black rot or sweet potato scurf.
Microbicide compositions described in above-mentioned application, its active ingredient is made up of fludioxonil and active component B, and the weight ratio between fludioxonil and active component B is 1 ~ 10:10 ~ 1.
Weight ratio in described microbicide compositions between its active ingredient fludioxonil and active component B is preferably 1 ~ 5:5 ~ 1, more preferably 1 ~ 3:3 ~ 1.
Described active component B refers to Prochloraz or Difenoconazole.
According to those skilled in the art's general knowledge, above-mentioned microbicide compositions adds auxiliary agent can be prepared into agricultural chemicals regular dosage form, as wettable powder, suspending agent, water dispersible granules, missible oil, aqueous emulsion or microemulsion etc.
Active ingredient summation in described preparation accounts for 10 ~ 80% of gross weight, and surplus is that agriculturally acceptable pesticidal preparations auxiliary element comprises surfactant, solid carrier and liquid diluent etc.
Described surfactant and solid carrier or liquid diluent comprise solvent, wetting agent, dispersant, disintegrant, thickener, adsorbent, binding agent, stabilizing agent, defoamer, antifreezing agent, filler or carrier etc.
Wherein, described dispersant refers to one or more the mixture in lignin sulfonic acid sodium salt, naphthalene sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product sodium salt, 4-oleoyl-methoxy benzenesulfonic acid sodium salt, sanlose, agriculture breast 600#, lignosulfite, APES, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, polyoxyethanyl alkyl ether, NPE, Dispersant MF, spaonin powder, Nekal BX or neopelex.
Described wetting agent refers to one or more mixtures in pelopon A, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, alkyl benzene calcium sulfonate, soapberry powder, bay alcohol radical sodium sulphate, AEO or alkylphenol-polyethenoxy base formaldehyde condensate sulfonate.
Described defoamer refers to one or more the mixture in silicone oil, silicone compound, C10-20 saturated fat acid compounds or C8-10 aliphatic alcohols compound.
Described thickener refers to one or more the mixture in xanthans, CMC, hydroxyethylcellulose, methylcellulose, Magnesiumaluminumsilicate or polyvinyl alcohol.
Described antifreezing agent refers to one or more the mixture in ethylene glycol, propane diols, glycerine or urea.
Described solvent refers to any one or more mixed solvents formed with arbitrary proportion in DMF, cyclohexanone, vegetable oil, methyl oleate, abietyl vegetable oil, curcas oil, ethylene glycol, ethyl acetate, vegetable oil, acetonitrile, dimethylbenzene or biodiesel, toluene, n-butanol, isopropyl alcohol, turpentine oil, solvent naphtha, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE, acetone or water equal solvent.
Described binding agent is the mixture of one or more in starch, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, Arabic gum, cyclodextrin or polyvinyl alcohol.
Described disintegrant is one or more in converted starch, ammonium sulfate or glucose.
Described filler is the one in white carbon, kaolin, bentonite, diatomite, attapulgite or calcium carbonate.
The present invention also provides a kind of suspending agent of above-mentioned microbicide compositions, its constituent and percentage by weight thereof are: fludioxonil 5 ~ 10%, Prochloraz or Difenoconazole 5 ~ 10%, dispersant 0.1 ~ 10%, wetting agent 0.1 ~ 10%, antifreezing agent 0.5 ~ 10%, defoamer 0.01 ~ 1%, thickener 0.1 ~ 2%, solvent is surplus.
The preparation method of the suspending agent of above-mentioned microbicide compositions, carries out according to following step:
(1), according to percentage by weight dispersant, wetting agent, thickener, antifreezing agent, defoamer and solvent are mixed, mix through high speed shear, obtain agent mixture;
(2), in the agent mixture of step (1) gained add fludioxonil, Prochloraz or Difenoconazole in ball mill, ball milling, opens recirculated water, and temperature controls, below 40 DEG C, to obtain crude preparation;
(3), by the crude preparation of step (2) gained cross 325 mesh sieves, obtain suspending agent.
The present invention also provides a kind of water dispersible granules of above-mentioned microbicide compositions, and its constituent and percentage by weight thereof are: fludioxonil 5 ~ 20%, Prochloraz or Difenoconazole 5 ~ 20%, dispersant 2 ~ 8%; Wetting agent 2 ~ 8%; Water and/or binding agent 5 ~ 10%; Filler surplus.
The preparation method of the water dispersible granules of above-mentioned microbicide compositions, carries out according to following step:
(1) proportionally above-mentioned various composition is carried out mix and blend and air-flow crushing, obtain wettable powder;
(2) then wettable powder and water (or with binding agent) are added in kneader simultaneously and mediate, make plastic material;
(3) material is sent to Squeezinggranulator and carry out granulation, after drying screening, namely obtain finished product.
The invention process method, enter cellar for storing things before by sweet potato fludioxonil or containing fludioxonil microbicide compositions dilution in dip, dry rear in time enter store.
The advantage that the present invention has and beneficial effect: (1) drug effect is high.Fludioxonil of the present invention or good containing the prevention effect of microbicide compositions to sweet potato shelf time disease of fludioxonil, drug effect can reach more than 90%.(2) fungicidal spectrum is wide, fludioxonil of the present invention or the microbicide compositions containing fludioxonil to the disease of sweet potato shelf time, as rot canker, sweet potato soft rot, sweet potato black rot and sweet potato scurf of sweet potato has good prevention effect.(3) security is good, and fludioxonil or the microbicide compositions containing fludioxonil are environmentally friendly medicaments, have the feature of high-efficiency low-toxicity.(4) cost is low, and prevention and controls is simple.Because drug effect is high and all effective to sweet potato shelf time disease, reduce Pesticide use amount and access times, cost is lower; Meanwhile, as long as dip by sweet potato before entering cellar for storing things, therefore, prevention and controls is fairly simple.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by way of specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but do not form any restriction to the present invention.If no special instructions, method therefor is conventional method well known to those skilled in the art to following examples, and institute's with medicament is conventional dose.
Embodiment 1 fludioxonil and Prochloraz microbicide compositions rot to sweet potato the synergism test of ulcer bacteria, sweet potato black rot pathogen
(1), for the former medicine of examination: 97% fludioxonil (Shaanxi Meibang Pesticide Co., Ltd.; as follows), 98% Prochloraz (Shenyang Sciencreat Chemicals Co., Ltd.; as follows), 92% Difenoconazole (Xian Zhengda crop protection Co., Ltd of Switzerland, as follows).
(2), pathogen: sweet potato is rotted Pathogenic Fungus of Canker: eggplant fusarium X14011 (F.solani), is isolated from the sick potato in Xiong County, Hebei province; Sweet potato black rot pathogen pathogen: Ceratocystis fimbriata Strains YX1410 (C.fimbriata), is isolated from the sick potato of Yi County, Hebei province storage cellar.
(3), test process: the configuration proportion of fludioxonil and Prochloraz is in table 1 and table 2.
(4), test method:
Adopt mycelial growth rate method.Aseptically, by the former medicinal acetone solution of reagent agent, then be diluted to the liquid of series concentration with 0.1% Tween 80, add in the culture dish of diameter 7cm, the PDA making pastille is dull and stereotyped, if an adding medicine solubilizer is not as blank.Get the bacterium cake of Ceratocystis fimbriata Strains YX1410 bacterial strain on PDA culture medium flat plate and eggplant fusarium X14011 bacterial strain colony edge diameter 0.5cm, be seeded in that pastille is dull and stereotyped and blank is dull and stereotyped central.Be placed in 25 DEG C of dark culturing casees to cultivate, measure colony diameter after Ceratocystis fimbriata Strains 12d, after eggplant fusarium 5d, measure colony diameter.Calculate the inhibiting rate of each drug concentration, adopt DPS software to carry out linear regression analysis, calculate EC50, r value.The synergistic effect of pharmacy mix is evaluated according to the co-toxicity coefficient method (CTC) of Sun & Johnson (1960), CTC >=120 are synergistic effect, 80<CTC<120 is summation action, and CTC≤80 are antagonism.
Assuming that the toxicity index of a certain single dose A is 100, then the toxicity index (ATI) of the B single dose of mixture is with it: the EC of actual measurement toxicity index ATI=A single dose
50the EC of/B single dose
50× 100
The EC of actual measurement mixture toxicity index (ATI)=A single dose
50the EC of/mixture
50× 100
Percentage composition+B single dose toxicity index × B single dose the percentage composition in mixture of toxicity index × A single dose in mixture of theoretical mixture toxicity index (TTI)=A single dose
Co-toxicity coefficient (CTC)=(the theoretical mixture TTI of actual measurement mixture ATI/) × 100
Table 1 fludioxonil and the composite microbicide compositions of Prochloraz rot to sweet potato the synergism test result of ulcer bacteria
| Medicament | Regression equation | Correlation coefficient r | EC 50(mg/L) | Co-toxicity coefficient |
| 3a:1b | y＝1.2744x+6.5754 | 0.9825 | 0.058 | 231.6281 |
| 1a:1b | y＝0.9519x+6.5264 | 0.9890 | 0.0249 | 212.2328 |
| 1a:2b | y＝0.9078x+6.4791 | 0.9902 | 0.0235 | 200.6490 |
| 1a:3b | y＝1.0912x+6.5328 | 0.9949 | 0.0394 | 177.1695 |
| 1a:5b | y＝1.1573x+6.7655 | 0.9955 | 0.0298 | 142.7905 |
| 1a:9b | y＝1.0582x+6.6407 | 0.9989 | 0.0282 | 139.9571 |
| Fludioxonil (a) | y＝1.5745x+4.6053 | 0.929 | 1.7811 | |
| Prochloraz (b) | y＝1.1292x+6.6351 | 0.9998 | 0.0356 |
Table 2 fludioxonil and the composite microbicide compositions of Prochloraz are to the synergism test result of sweet potato black rot pathogen
| Medicament | Regression equation | Correlation coefficient r | EC 50(mg/L) | Co-toxicity coefficient |
| 3a:1b | Y＝1.2408X+5.9218 | 0.9743 | 0.1807 | 163.4772 |
| 1a:1b | Y＝1.0893X+6.1743 | 0.9493 | 0.0835 | 501.0469 |
| 1a:2b | Y＝1.2542X+6.2159 | 0.9926 | 0.1073 | 540.0995 |
| 1a:3b | Y＝0.9351X+5.5759 | 0.9582 | 0.2422 | 295.9289 |
| 1a:5b | Y＝1.3144X+5.1479 | 0.9951 | 0.7718 | 121.8112 |
| 1a:9b | Y＝0.9491X+5.0173 | 0.9698 | 0.959 | 130.6368 |
| Fludioxonil (a) | Y＝3.0766X+6.9738 | 0.9539 | 0.2283 | |
| Prochloraz (b) | Y＝1.7616X+4.2994 | 0.9995 | 2.4987 |
Result (see table 1 and table 2) according to the fludioxonil of the preparation of different proportion and Prochloraz microbicide compositions to sweet potato rot ulcer bacteria, sweet potato black rot pathogen co-toxicity coefficient be all significantly greater than 120, illustrate that fludioxonil and the composite microbicide compositions of Prochloraz all have obvious synergistic effect to rot ulcer bacteria and sweet potato black rot pathogen of sweet potato, this microbicide compositions can be used for control sweet potato and to rot canker and sweet potato black rot.
Embodiment 2 fludioxonil and Difenoconazole microbicide compositions rot to sweet potato the synergism test of ulcer bacteria, sweet potato black rot pathogen
(1), for the former medicine of examination: with embodiment 1
(2), pathogen: sweet potato is rotted Pathogenic Fungus of Canker: eggplant fusarium X14011 bacterial strain (F.solani); Sweet potato black rot pathogen pathogen: Ceratocystis fimbriata Strains YX1410 bacterial strain (C.fimbriata).
(3), test process: the configuration proportion of fludioxonil and Difenoconazole is in table 3 and table 4.
(4), test method:
Adopt mycelial growth rate method.Aseptically, by the former medicinal acetone solution of reagent agent, then be diluted to the liquid of series concentration with 0.1% Tween 80, add in the culture dish of diameter 7cm, the PDA making pastille is dull and stereotyped, if an adding medicine solubilizer is not as blank.Get the bacterium cake of Ceratocystis fimbriata Strains YX1410 bacterial strain on PDA culture medium flat plate and eggplant fusarium X14011 bacterial strain colony edge diameter 0.5cm, be seeded in that pastille is dull and stereotyped and blank is dull and stereotyped central.Be placed in 25 DEG C of dark culturing casees to cultivate, measure colony diameter after Ceratocystis fimbriata Strains 12d, after eggplant fusarium 5d, measure colony diameter.Calculate the inhibiting rate of each drug concentration, adopt DPS software to carry out linear regression analysis, calculate EC50, r value.The synergistic effect of pharmacy mix is evaluated according to the co-toxicity coefficient method (CTC) of Sun & Johnson (1960), CTC >=120 are synergistic effect, 80<CTC<120 is summation action, and CTC≤80 are antagonism.(co-toxicity coefficient computational methods are with embodiment 1)
Table 3 fludioxonil and Difenoconazole microbicide compositions rot to sweet potato the synergism test result of ulcer bacteria
| Medicament | Regression equation | Correlation coefficient r | EC 50(mg/L) | Co-toxicity coefficient |
| 3a:1b | y＝1.0543x+5.9895 | 0.9974 | 0.1152 | 1386.9170 |
| 1a:1b | y＝0.6616x+5.7447 | 0.9330 | 0.0749 | 1934.0320 |
| 1a:2b | y＝1.1244x+5.6272 | 0.9947 | 0.2768 | 492.6699 |
| 1a:3b | y＝0.8877x+5.1427 | 0.9950 | 0.6905 | 191.8779 |
| 1a:5b | y＝0.8816x+5.0579 | 0.9866 | 0.8596 | 149.8685 |
| 1a:9b | y＝0.7658x+5.0875 | 0.9994 | 0.7686 | 163.9807 |
| Fludioxonil (a) | y＝1.5745x+4.6053 | 0.9290 | 1.7811 | |
| Difenoconazole (b) | y＝0.4719x+4.9591 | 0.9931 | 1.2207 |
Table 4 fludioxonil and Difenoconazole microbicide compositions are to the synergism test result of sweet potato black rot pathogen
| Medicament | Regression equation | Correlation coefficient r | EC 50(mg/L) | Co-toxicity coefficient |
| 3a:1b | Y＝1.2639X+6.8346 | 0.9885 | 0.0354 | 715.2420 |
| 1a:1b | Y＝1.5411X+6.6918 | 0.9969 | 0.0798 | 356.1220 |
| 1a:2b | Y＝1.4248X+6.4419 | 0.982 | 0.0973 | 318.0774 |
| 1a:3b | Y＝1.4642X+6.0943 | 0.997 | 0.1789 | 181.0058 |
| 1a:5b | Y＝1.4397X+5.8355 | 0.9932 | 0.2629 | 129.1748 |
| 1a:9b | Y＝1.2526X+5.7528 | 0.967 | 0.2506 | 141.0179 |
| Fludioxonil (a) | Y＝3.0766X+6.9738 | 0.9539 | 0.2283 | |
| Difenoconazole (b) | Y＝0.8952X+5.38 | 0.9852 | 0.3763 |
The fludioxonil that result (see table 3 and table 4) is prepared according to different proportion and Difenoconazole microbicide compositions are all obviously greater than 120 to the rot virulence coefficient of ulcer bacteria or sweet potato black rot pathogen of sweet potato, illustrate that fludioxonil and Difenoconazole microbicide compositions all have synergistic effect to rot ulcer bacteria and sweet potato black rot pathogen of sweet potato, this microbicide compositions can be used for rotting to sweet potato the control of canker and sweet potato black rot.
Embodiment 3 the present invention contains the preparation of the suspending agent of the insecticides of fludioxonil
(1) for the former medicine of examination: with embodiment 1.
(2) preparation method:
(1) respectively dispersant NPE 25g and neopelex 25g, wetting agent naphthalene sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product sodium salt 10g, thickener xanthans 6g, antifreeze glycol 50g, defoamer silicone oil 5g and solvent methyl oleate are joined in reactor on a small quantity, mix;
(2) again respectively to the former medicine (active component composition and ratio thereof are in table 5) adding fludioxonil and Prochloraz or Difenoconazole in step (1) gained mixture, add methyl oleate surplus, ad pond om is 1000g, ball milling, cross 325 mesh sieves, namely make the suspending agent that active component is the microbicide compositions of the present invention of 20%.
Table 5 the present invention contains the active component composition of 20% suspending agent of the microbicide compositions of fludioxonil
Embodiment 4 the present invention contains the preparation of the water dispersible granules of the microbicide compositions of fludioxonil
(1) for the former medicine of examination: with embodiment 1
(2) preparation method:
(1) fludioxonil and Prochloraz or Difenoconazole (active component composition and weight thereof are in table 6) is got, add naphthalene sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product sodium salt 20g, sanlose 15g, neopelex 50g, white carbon is surplus, through mix and blend, air-flow crushing obtains can wet-milling.
(2) wet-milling and cyclodextrin 20g and water 50g can add in kneader simultaneously and mediate, make plastic material.
(3) material is sent to Squeezinggranulator and carry out granulation, by 80 DEG C of dryings 5 hours, then sieve, namely make 40% water dispersible granules of microbicide compositions of the present invention.
The active component composition of 40% water dispersible granules of table 6 microbicide compositions of the present invention
The microbicide compositions that embodiment 5 the present invention contains fludioxonil rots to sweet potato the preventive effect contrast test of canker, sweet potato black rot
(1), test medicine: the suspending agent of the present invention 20% microbicide compositions prepared by embodiment 3.50% fludioxonil wettable powder (Xian Zhengda crop protection Co., Ltd of Switzerland), 10% Difenoconazole wettable granular (Xian Zhengda crop protection Co., Ltd of Switzerland), 450 grams per liter prochloraz aqueous emulsions (the large bright agrochemical Xin Hui Co., Ltd of Jiangmen city), 50% carbendazol wettable powder (Fuda, Jiangyin agrochemical Co., Ltd).
(2), pathogen: with embodiment 1.
(3), test process: in microbicide compositions of the present invention, the preparation of fludioxonil, Prochloraz or Difenoconazole is in table 5, and each test process using dosage is respectively 400mg/L, and carbendazim is 1000mg/L.
(4), test method:
Choose the imperial potato No. 9 potato blocks not having wound, after a large amount of flowing water cleaning, 75% ethanol surface sterilization, 0.5% clorox soaks 5min sterilization, and aseptic water washing 3 times dries after then soaking medicine 10min, after 24 hours, spray inoculation pathogen spore liquid (10
4live spore/ml), after drying, put into kraft paper bag, 25 DEG C of dark culturing, 21 days investigation morbidity potato block numbers, investigation disease indexs, calculate prevention effect.Each process 3 repetition, each repetition 12 pieces of potato blocks.
Black spot, canker of rotting are that index carries out classification with injured area.Grade scale: 0 grade, do not cause harm; 1 grade, onset area accounts for less than 1% of the gross area; 2 grades, onset area (volume) accounts for 1% ~ 10% of the gross area; 3 grades, onset area 1 accounts for 11% ~ 25% of the gross area 1; 4 grades, onset area accounts for 26 ~ 50% of the gross area; 5 grades, onset area accounts for 50% ~ 75% of the gross area; 6 grades, onset area accounts for more than 75% of the gross area.
The incidence of disease (%)=(morbidity potato number/total potato number) × 100
Disease index (%)=(∑ sick potato number × relative level numerical value at different levels/investigation sum × 6) × 100
Prevention effect (%)=[contrast disease index-process disease index]/contrast disease index × 100
Result (see table 7) fludioxonil, Difenoconazole and Prochloraz rot the prevention effect of canker all more than 80% to sweet potato, and the prevention effect of carbendazim is only about 20%, illustrate that fludioxonil, Difenoconazole and Prochloraz have good prevention effect to sweet potato canker of rotting.Secondly, the composite microbicide compositions of fludioxonil and Prochloraz or Difenoconazole to sweet potato rot canker prevention effect be 85-95%, again apparently higher than the drug effect of the single-activity component of fludioxonil, Prochloraz or Difenoconazole, illustrate that microbicide compositions of the present invention is high to the rot drug effect of canker of sweet potato, prevention effect is good.
Table 7 microbicide compositions of the present invention rots to sweet potato the efficiency test result of canker
| Medicament | Concentration (mg/L) | The incidence of disease (%) | Disease index (%) | Prevention effect (%) |
| Composition 1 | 400 | 13.9 | 3.24 | 95.88a |
| Composition 2 | 400 | 27.8 | 9.72 | 87.65c |
| Composition 3 | 400 | 13.9 | 6.48 | 91.77b |
| Composition 4 | 400 | 22.2 | 11.57 | 85.30c |
| Fludioxonil | 400 | 16.7 | 8.80 | 88.82bc |
| Difenoconazole | 400 | 19.4 | 10.65 | 86.51c |
| Prochloraz | 400 | 25.0 | 15.28 | 80.58d |
| Carbendazim | 1000 | 100 | 62.50 | 20.58e |
| Blank | 100 | 78.70 |
For black spot, result (see table 8) Prochloraz and Difenoconazole to the prevention effect of sweet potato black rot more than 70%, apparently higher than the preventive effect effect of 46% of carbendazim, and fludioxonil is 100% to the prevention effect of sweet potato black rot, be significantly higher than again Prochloraz and Difenoconazole to the prevention effect of sweet potato black rot.In addition, fludioxonil and Prochloraz or the composite microbicide compositions of the present invention of Difenoconazole more than 83%, are significantly higher than the preventive effect of Prochloraz or Difenoconazole to the prevention effect of sweet potato black rot.The above results illustrates that fludioxonil has extraordinary prevention effect for sweet potato black rot; In addition, the microbicide compositions containing fludioxonil also has extraordinary prevention effect to sweet potato black rot.Namely fludioxonil and the microbicide compositions containing fludioxonil all can be used for preventing and treating sweet potato black rot.
Table 8 microbicide compositions of the present invention is to the efficiency test result of sweet potato black rot
| Medicament | Concentration (mg/L) | The incidence of disease (%) | Disease index (%) | Prevention effect (%) |
| Composition 1 | 400 | 0 | 0 | 100a |
| Composition 2 | 400 | 2.8 | 3.24 | 85.11c |
| Composition 3 | 400 | 5.6 | 1.39 | 93.61b |
| Composition 4 | 400 | 5.6 | 3.70 | 83.00cd |
| Fludioxonil | 400 | 0 | 0 | 100a |
| Difenoconazole | 400 | 8.3 | 4.63 | 78.72e |
| Prochloraz | 400 | 13.9 | 6.48 | 70.22f |
| Carbendazim | 1000 | 100 | 11.57 | 46.83g |
| Blank | 100 | 21.76 |
Embodiment 6 microbicide compositions of the present invention is to the preventive effect contrast test of sweet potato soft rot
(1), test medicine: 40% water dispersible granules of microbicide compositions of the present invention prepared by embodiment 4.All the other are with the test medicine of embodiment 5.
(2), pathogen: sweet potato soft rot pathogen: rhizopus stolonifer RSX02 bacterial strain (R.stolonifer), is isolated from the sick potato of Xiong County, Hebei storage cellar.
(3), test process: in microbicide compositions of the present invention, active component composition is in table 6, and each test process using dosage is respectively 400mg/L, and carbendazim is 1000mg/L.
(4), test method: carry out potato block cleaning and sterilizing according to the method for embodiment 5.Dry after potato block leaching medicine 10min, after 24 hours, the spore of spray inoculation rhizopus stolonifer, puts into wet sand moisturizing by potato block, 25 DEG C of dark culturing, and 5 days investigation morbidity potato block numbers, calculate the incidence of disease, using the incidence of disease as evaluation index.Each process 3 repetition, each repetition 12 pieces of potato blocks.
The incidence of disease (%)=(morbidity potato number/total potato number) × 100;
Prevention effect (%)=[the contrast incidence of disease-process incidence of disease]/contrast incidence of disease × 100.
The preventive effect of result (see table 9) Prochloraz to sweet potato soft rot reaches 86%, far away higher than carbendazim 16% preventive effect; And fludioxonil and Difenoconazole reach 100% respectively to the preventive effect of sweet potato soft rot, illustrate that fludioxonil, Difenoconazole or Prochloraz have good prevention effect to sweet potato soft rot.In addition, the microbicide compositions that the present invention contains fludioxonil is 88 ~ 100% to the preventive effect of sweet potato soft rot, and illustrate that the present invention contains the drug effect of microbicide compositions to sweet potato soft rot of fludioxonil high, prevention effect is good.
Table 9 microbicide compositions of the present invention is to the preventive effect comparative test result of sweet potato soft rot
| Medicament | Concentration (mg/L) | The incidence of disease (%) | Prevention effect (%) |
| Composition 5 | 400 | 0 | 100a |
| Composition 6 | 400 | 5.6 | 94.4b |
| Composition 7 | 400 | 0 | 100a |
| Composition 8 | 400 | 11.1 | 88.9c |
| Fludioxonil | 400 | 0 | 100a |
| Difenoconazole | 400 | 0 | 100a |
| Prochloraz | 400 | 13.9 | 86.1c |
| Carbendazim | 1000 | 83.3 | 16.7d |
| Blank | 100 |
Embodiment 7 microbicide compositions of the present invention is to the preventive effect contrast test of sweet potato scurf
(1), test medicine: with embodiment 6.
(2), pathogen: sweet potato scurf bacterium pathogen: potato hair pink mold HZ05 bacterial strain (M.infuscans), is isolated from the sick potato of Xiong County, Hebei storage cellar.
(3), test process: in microbicide compositions of the present invention, active component composition is in table 6, and each test process using dosage is respectively 400mg/L, and carbendazim is 1000mg/L.
(4), test method: ganoid potato block is soaked 10min in liquid, naturally dries after taking out.The black mole germ bacterium colony that 10d cultivated by 30 wares (every ware 10 bacterium colonies) is chosen in juice extractor, adds the sterilized sterilized water of 200mL and thoroughly pulverize the bacteria suspension making germ.Potato block surface is attached to after fully mixing with the sterilizing filter paper of diameter 5cm and black mole pathogen bacterium liquid, bury in sterilized wet sand, be put into moisturizing in the incubator of 25 DEG C and cultivate, 30d measures the size of scab, calculate the percentage that lesion area accounts for vaccination area, calculate prevention effect.
Prevention effect (%)=(contrast lesion area accounts for percentage-process lesion area and accounts for percentage)/contrast lesion area accounts for percentage × 100.
Result (see table 10) carbendazim does not have prevention effect substantially to sweet potato scurf, although and Prochloraz and Difenoconazole to the prevention effect of the prevention effect of sweet potato scurf higher than carbendazim, its prevention effect is poor.Fludioxonil is 88% to the prevention effect of sweet potato scurf, microbicide compositions containing fludioxonil is 84-90% to the prevention effect of sweet potato scurf, illustrate fludioxonil and high containing the drug effect of microbicide compositions to sweet potato scurf of fludioxonil, prevention effect good.
Table 10 microbicide compositions of the present invention is to the preventive effect comparative test result of sweet potato scurf
In sum, fludioxonil has good prevention effect to rot canker, sweet potato soft rot, sweet potato black rot and sweet potato scurf of sweet potato; Microbicide compositions containing fludioxonil also has good prevention effect to rot canker, sweet potato soft rot, sweet potato black rot and sweet potato scurf of sweet potato.Simultaneously owing to can prevent and treat several disease simultaneously, spraying times is few and simple, and add that fludioxonil and Prochloraz or Difenoconazole have high-efficiency low-toxicity feature, consumption is low, and use cost is low and belong to environmentally friendly.
Claims (10)
1. the application of fludioxonil in control sweet potato shelf time disease.
2. application according to claim 1, is characterized in that described sweet potato shelf time disease refers to that sweet potato is rotted canker, sweet potato soft rot, sweet potato black rot or sweet potato scurf.
3. application according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that the formulation of described fludioxonil is wettable powder, suspending agent, water dispersible granules, missible oil, aqueous emulsion or microemulsion.
4. the application of the microbicide compositions containing fludioxonil in control sweet potato shelf time disease.
5. application according to claim 4, is characterized in that described sweet potato shelf time disease refers to that sweet potato is rotted canker, sweet potato soft rot, sweet potato black rot or sweet potato scurf.
6. the application according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that the active ingredient of described microbicide compositions is made up of fludioxonil and active component B, the weight ratio wherein between fludioxonil and active component B is: 1 ~ 10:10 ~ 1; Described active component B refers to Prochloraz or Difenoconazole.
7. application according to claim 6, is characterized in that the weight ratio in described microbicide compositions between active ingredient fludioxonil and active component B is 1 ~ 5:5 ~ 1.
8., according to the arbitrary described application of claim 4-7, it is characterized in that the formulation of described microbicide compositions is wettable powder, suspending agent, water dispersible granules, missible oil, aqueous emulsion or microemulsion; Wherein said active ingredient summation accounts for 10 ~ 80% of gross weight.
9. application according to claim 8, it is characterized in that constituent and the percentage by weight thereof of the suspending agent of described microbicide compositions are: fludioxonil 5 ~ 10%, Prochloraz or Difenoconazole 5 ~ 10%, dispersant 0.1 ~ 10%, wetting agent 0.1 ~ 10%, antifreezing agent 0.5 ~ 10%, defoamer 0.01 ~ 1%, thickener 0.1 ~ 2%, solvent is surplus.
10. application according to claim 8, is characterized in that the constituent of the water dispersible granules of described microbicide compositions and percentage by weight thereof are: fludioxonil 5 ~ 20%, Prochloraz or Difenoconazole 5 ~ 20%, dispersant 2 ~ 8%; Wetting agent 2 ~ 8%; Water and/or binding agent 5 ~ 10%; Filler surplus.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107494710A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2017-12-22 | 山东省果树研究所 | Lentinan combines application of the fludioxonil in preventing and treating fruit, vegetable storage disease |
| CN107779409A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-03-09 | 江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所(江苏徐州甘薯研究中心) | A kind of sweet potato scurf bacterium fast breeding culture medium |
| CN110037046A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-23 | 广西大学 | A kind of pharmaceutical composition preventing and treating tomato wilt |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107494710A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2017-12-22 | 山东省果树研究所 | Lentinan combines application of the fludioxonil in preventing and treating fruit, vegetable storage disease |
| CN107779409A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-03-09 | 江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所(江苏徐州甘薯研究中心) | A kind of sweet potato scurf bacterium fast breeding culture medium |
| CN110037046A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-23 | 广西大学 | A kind of pharmaceutical composition preventing and treating tomato wilt |
| CN110037046B (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2021-06-25 | 广西大学 | Pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating tomato wilt |
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