CN105552698B - Side pump bar waveguide DPAL laser - Google Patents
Side pump bar waveguide DPAL laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN105552698B CN105552698B CN201610136634.9A CN201610136634A CN105552698B CN 105552698 B CN105552698 B CN 105552698B CN 201610136634 A CN201610136634 A CN 201610136634A CN 105552698 B CN105552698 B CN 105552698B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/0915—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by incoherent light
- H01S3/0933—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by incoherent light of a semiconductor, e.g. light emitting diode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
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Abstract
A kind of side pump bar waveguide DPAL laser, including LD pump module L, LD pump module R, photoconductive tube L, photoconductive tube R and one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity, wherein LD pump module L and LD pump module R, photoconductive tube L and photoconductive tube R are symmetrically placed both with respect to the one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity；And each semiconductor laser stacks or linear array of LD pump module L and LD pump module R are placed on the spherical surface centered on the pumping window of the one-dimensional wave guide cavity in respective direction, the pumping window is directed toward in direction.Laser of the invention uses bilateral profile pump mode, substantially reduces high power density pump light and alkanes palm a possibility that carbon granules that gas reaction generates pollutes laser output window piece off as；Beam shaping process is simplified, pump light distribution unevenness problem is avoided；Using modularization idea, it is suitable for a variety of optically pumped gas laser devices.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gas laser technology, relates more specifically to a kind of side pump bar waveguide DPAL and (partly lead
Body pumps alkali metal vapour laser) laser.
Background technique
DPAL laser is the novel optical pumped gas laser that a kind of gain media is vapor state alkali metal, and gain is situated between
The temperature of matter is usually 100~200 DEG C.The gain media of DPAL is mainly the potassium, rubidium or caesium of vapor state, and level structure is such as
Shown in Fig. 1.In figure, n is the electronics number of plies where outermost electron, and the corresponding n of K, Rb, Cs is respectively 4,5,6.nS1/2For Ground State Energy
Grade, nP1/2And nP3/2The excited level of generation is cleaved for outermost electron spin-orbit interaction.By ground state to two
The transition of energy level corresponds respectively to D2 and D1 line.
DPAL laser is in 2003 earliest, and the Krupke et al. of Lao Lunsi livermore national laboratory realizes alkali
The output of metal laser device D1 line laser.Pumping source pumping of the alkali metal laser of this mechanism using corresponding D2 line wavelength, tool
There is 95% or more quantum efficiency, and gain media is gas, thermal lensing effect is unobvious.Therefore, DPAL laser is considered
It is a kind of new laser for being expected to realize the output of MW grades of laser of single port diameter.Its potentiality in terms of high-power output also obtains
The concern of lot of domestic and foreign high power research and development institution.
2011, Zweiback of Gen Atomics et al. was swashed using the alkali metal that alternative source of light has studied profile pump
Light device, obtain 75% slope efficiency, experimental verification development potentiality of the profile pump in terms of DPAL power amplification.Its side
The schematic diagram of case is as shown in Figure 2.The program select stainless steel as laser head material, laser head side be respectively kept with having a size of
The laser window of 7cm × 1cm and the pumping window of 13cm × 1cm.Alkali metal vapour room is heated using Electric heating.Use kingfisher
Beryl laser is the picture that the orthogonal cylindrical lens put in the two sides 100mm and 750mm is constituted using focal length as pump light source
It dissipates telescope and beam shaping is carried out to alexandrite laser, the lens focus using 1250mm focal length enters steam chamber, swashs
Light output window is that reflection loss is avoided to design using Brewster window.The Effect of Back-Cavity Mirror and 20% that resonant cavity is 1m by radius of curvature
The output coupling mirror of reflectivity is constituted.
But there is also following technological deficiencies for above scheme:
(1) scheme shown in Fig. 2 only forms gain regions at focal position in steam chamber, and activation volume is small, fails pair
Alkali metal atom is efficiently used in steam chamber；
(2) relative loose is placed between steam chamber and heating device, not can be carried out effective heat management；
(3) shaping optical path length, element is more, system complex, is unfavorable for realizing miniaturization；
(4) it is designed using stable cavity, pattern match is poor, is unfavorable for high light beam quality output.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of side pump bar waveguide DPAL lasers.
To achieve the goals above, side pump bar waveguide DPAL laser of the invention, including LD pump module L,
LD pump module R, photoconductive tube L, photoconductive tube R and one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity, in which:
Pumping window L and pumping window R are provided on the one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity；
LD pump module L and LD pump module R structure having the same by semiconductor laser stacks or is partly led
Body laser array composition；
The photoconductive tube L and photoconductive tube R structure having the same, and the photoconductive tube L be located at the LD pump module L with
Between the pumping window L of the one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity, the photoconductive tube R is located at the LD pump module R and the one-dimensional wave
It leads between the pumping window R of resonant cavity；Pump light is issued by LD pump module L and LD the pump module R, respectively by described
Photoconductive tube L and photoconductive tube R convergence enters the one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity after homogenizing；
Wherein, the LD pump module L and LD pump module R, the photoconductive tube L and photoconductive tube R are both with respect to described one
It is symmetrically placed to tie up waveguide resonant cavity；And
Each semiconductor laser stacks or linear array of the LD pump module L and LD pump module R are placed in each
On spherical surface centered on from the pumping window of the one-dimensional wave guide cavity in direction, the pumping window is directed toward in direction.
Wherein, the photoconductive tube L and photoconductive tube R uses solid or hollow photoconductive tube structure, and the pump light is in its side wall
On reflectivity at least more than 90%.
Wherein, the one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity includes upper and lower waveguide siding, the front cavity mirror that is all-trans, the Effect of Back-Cavity Mirror that is all-trans, output coupling
Mirror and pumping window are closed, wherein the spacing of the waveguide siding up and down is 0.5-2.5mm.
Wherein, the siding of waveguide up and down for being close to the one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity is additionally provided with temperature regulating device, and the temperature control
Device is integrated with the one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity realization.
Wherein, in the steam chamber of the one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity filled with for the neon of collision broadening, argon gas or helium and
For accelerating the alkanes gas of fine structure mixing rate.
Based on the above-mentioned technical proposal it is found that laser of the invention have the following advantages that and the utility model has the advantages that
A, using bilateral profile pump mode, due to pump light not direct irradiation laser output window, height is substantially reduced
Power density pump light and alkanes palm a possibility that carbon granules pollution laser output window piece of gas reaction generation off as；
B, realize that coupling pump light, photoconductive tube are integrated with pump light convergence, coupling pump light and pump light using photoconductive tube
Triple role is homogenized, beam shaping process is not only simplified, can also be avoided to a certain extent due to semiconductor laser heap
The folded non-uniform problem of mode bring pump light distribution；
C, using the structure of one-dimensional wave guide, avoided that semiconductor laser fast and slow axis beam quality is poor and inconsistent and light beam
The disadvantage of distributing homogeneity difference is also partly led for more arrays to enormously simplify the requirement of noise spectra of semiconductor lasers beam shaping
Body laser carries out high power pump and provides effective solution scheme；
D, it is designed in transverse direction using unsteady cavity, the transverse width of gain region can be made full use of, and can also obtain
To the collimation laser output close to diffraction limit；It will rely in this way and increase long " the line increasing to improve laser power of chamber
Than " means are changed into " face increasing ratio " technology, it can not only increase the utilization rate in gain section, be provided for DPAL high-power output
Feasible technology path, the step of noise spectra of semiconductor lasers array beams shaping can also be simplified；
E, temperature regulating device and waveguiding structure fit closely, and heating process on the one hand can be made more efficient and uniform, another party
Face also makes whole device more compact；
F, whole device uses modularization idea, and the quantity of pump module can be in the ability to bear of photoconductive tube coupling scheme
On increase；
G, the present invention is suitable for a variety of optically pumped gas laser devices, for example, the indoor buffer gas of steam is changed to neon
The inert gases such as gas, helium will form Broadband pump alkali metal excimer laser (XPAL) system with alkali metal vapour.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the level structure schematic diagram of alkali metal vapour laser in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is typical profile pump DPAL laser in the prior art；
Fig. 3 is the device top view of side pump bar waveguide DPAL laser of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the device side view of side pump bar waveguide DPAL laser of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity schematic diagram of side pump bar waveguide DPAL laser of the invention.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and reference
Attached drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
The invention discloses a kind of side pump bar waveguide DPAL lasers, including LD pump module L, LD pump module
R, photoconductive tube L, photoconductive tube R and one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity, in which:
Pumping window L and pumping window R are provided on one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity；
LD pump module L and LD pump module R structure having the same is swashed by semiconductor laser stacks or semiconductor
Light device array composition；
Photoconductive tube L and photoconductive tube R structure having the same, and photoconductive tube L is located at LD pump module L and one-dimensional wave guide resonance
Between the pumping window L of chamber, photoconductive tube R is located between LD pump module R and the pumping window R of one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity；Pumping
Light is issued by LD pump module L and LD pump module R, is entered after homogenizing respectively by photoconductive tube L and photoconductive tube R convergence one-dimensional
Waveguide resonant cavity；
Wherein, LD pump module L and LD pump module R, photoconductive tube L and photoconductive tube R are both with respect to one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity
It is symmetrically placed；And
Each semiconductor laser stacks or linear array of LD pump module L and LD pump module R are placed in respective direction
On spherical surface centered on the pumping window of one-dimensional wave guide cavity, the pumping window is directed toward in direction.
Preferably, one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity is using non-steady-waveguide mixing cavity configuration.
Preferably, alkali metal atom in the wavelength and one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity of the pump light of DPAL laser output
nP1/2→nS1/2The corresponding wavelength of transition is identical, buffers in the line width of pump light and the alkali metal vapour room of one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity
Gas widen after alkali metal atom nS1/2→nP3/2Transition line width matches.
Preferably, photoconductive tube L and photoconductive tube R uses solid or hollow photoconductive tube structure, pump light is on its side wall
Reflectivity should be as close possible to 100%, at least more than 90%.
Preferably, the one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity include upper and lower waveguide siding, it is the front cavity mirror that is all-trans, the Effect of Back-Cavity Mirror that is all-trans, defeated
Coupling mirror and pumping window out, wherein the spacing of the waveguide siding up and down is 0.5-2.5mm.
Preferably, the reflectivity of the siding of waveguide up and down of the one-dimensional wave guide cavity is as close possible to 100%, at least more than
95%, and material therefor has stable to alkali metal chemical property and thermal conductive resin characteristic.
Preferably, the reflectivity of the Effect of Back-Cavity Mirror that is all-trans is 99%~100%；The reflectivity of the front cavity mirror that is all-trans is
99%~100%.
Preferably, the output coupling rate of the output coupling mirror is 15%~90%.
Preferably, the transmitance of the one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity pump light window should be as close possible to 100%, at least greatly
In 95%.
Preferably, the siding of waveguide up and down for being close to the one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity is additionally provided with temperature regulating device, and described
Temperature regulating device is integrated with the one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity realization.
Preferably, filled with the argon gas or helium and use for collision broadening in the steam chamber of the one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity
In the alkanes gas for accelerating fine structure mixing rate.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, side pump bar waveguide laser structure such as Fig. 3 of the invention, 4
It is shown.The device of the invention structure is introduced by taking rubidium steam laser as an example below.
Laser device of the invention is by semiconductor laser array, photoconductive tube, one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity, temperature control system group
At wherein one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity uses one-dimensional wave guide structure, it is desirable that selection has thermal conductive resin and to alkali metal chemical property
Stable material.One-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity two sides are provided with long and narrow pumping window for profile pump.Laser outbound course is equipped with
Front and back hysteroscope and output coupling mirror.One-dimensional wave guide cavity two sides fitting temperature control system is for controlling resonance cavity temperature.
Pumping source is made of multiple semiconductor laser stacks, and fast and slow axis collimation can be used in each semiconductor laser stacks
Lenticule constitutes external cavity semiconductor laser under acting on after being collimated using the external cavity feedback of volume Bragg grating (VBG).
Its shoot laser line width is about 0.1nm, and slow axis divergence can control in 50mrad hereinafter, fast axis divergence angle can control at 1 °
Within.The present invention using DILAS semiconductor laser stacks as demonstration example, emergent light spot after collimation having a size of 11.5 ×
9mm2(slow axis and fast axis direction).The present invention, which is intended that, uses bilateral 12 pump modules as demonstration example, and every side is identical using 6
The VBG external cavity semiconductor laser of narrow linewidth output folds battle array pump module, two rows is put in fast axis direction, in the every row of slow-axis direction
3 are put, the hot spot of each LD pump module is made to be directed toward pumping light window.In a preferred embodiment, the present invention use one
Tie up waveguide resonant cavity pumping length of window be 10mm, width 1mm, pumping optical propagation direction length be 5mm, waveguiding structure by
The medium that two sides can polish the infiltration of alkali resistant metal constitutes (such as stainless steel, aluminium oxide ceramics, quartz glass), and reflectivity is
99%-100%.Its spacing is 1mm.For the coupling efficiency for guaranteeing photoconductive tube, window is embedded in waveguide cavity.Pump light passes through light guide
Pipe, coupled into waveguide are intracavitary.In a preferred embodiment, photoconductive tube light inlet is 30mm along slow-axis direction length, along fast axle side
It is 18mm to length, it is 1mm along fast axis direction length, and be close to one-dimensional wave guide cavity that light-emitting window, which is 10mm along slow-axis direction length,
Pump window.100% coupling to above-mentioned pump light can be realized greater than 150mm for light pipe length.The light direction of waveguide cavity
Non- steady-waveguide mixing chamber and output coupling mirror are installed, wherein non-steady-waveguide mixing chamber is made of front cavity mirror and Effect of Back-Cavity Mirror.Wherein
Front cavity mirror and Effect of Back-Cavity Mirror correspond to different waveguide loss either spherical mirror is also possible to cylindrical mirror.It is preferred real one
Apply in example, the size of the steam chamber of one-dimensional wave guide is 10mm × 5mm × 1mm, the radius of curvature of front and back hysteroscope be respectively -600mm,
700mm (positive value indicates concave mirror, and negative value indicates convex mirror).The intracavitary gaseous mixture filled with alkali metal and helium and alkane composition
Body for widening for alkali metal atom D2 Absorption Line, and increases fine structure mixing rate.Intracavitary temperature can pass through waveguide
The TEC temperature control piece control of two sides fitting.When work, cavity temperature is by TEC temperature control piece stability contorting in its optimum working temperature model
In enclosing.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, replace the VBG crimping wide using grating crimping is wide；Of the invention
It, can also be using solid glass photoconductive tube and the integrated scheme of glass steam chamber in another preferred embodiment.
Particular embodiments described above has carried out further in detail the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
Describe in detail bright, it should be understood that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, it is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in protection of the invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of side pump bar waveguide DPAL laser, including LD pump module L, LD pump module R, photoconductive tube L, light guide
Pipe R and one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity, in which:
Pumping window L and pumping window R are provided on the one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity；
LD pump module L and LD pump module R structure having the same is swashed by semiconductor laser stacks or semiconductor
Light device array composition；
The photoconductive tube L and photoconductive tube R structure having the same, and the photoconductive tube L be located at the LD pump module L with it is described
Between the pumping window L of one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity, the photoconductive tube R is located at the LD pump module R and the one-dimensional wave guide is humorous
Between the pumping window R of vibration chamber；Pump light is issued by LD pump module L and LD the pump module R, passes through the light guide respectively
Pipe L and photoconductive tube R convergence enters the one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity after homogenizing；
It is characterized in that, the LD pump module L and LD pump module R, the photoconductive tube L and photoconductive tube R are both with respect to described
One-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity is symmetrically placed；And
Each semiconductor laser stacks or linear array of the LD pump module L and LD pump module R are placed in respectively side
To the one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity pumping window centered on spherical surface on, the pumping window is directed toward in direction.
2. side pump bar waveguide DPAL laser according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the one-dimensional wave guide is humorous
Chamber shake using non-steady-waveguide mixing cavity configuration.
3. side pump bar waveguide DPAL laser according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the DPAL laser
The nP of alkali metal atom in the wavelength of the light of output and the one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity1/2→nS1/2The corresponding wavelength of transition is identical,
Alkali metal after buffer gas is widened in the alkali metal vapour room of the line width of the pump light and the one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity is former
The nS of son1/2→nP3/2Transition line width matches.
4. side pump bar waveguide DPAL laser according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the photoconductive tube L and
Photoconductive tube R uses solid or hollow photoconductive tube structure, and reflectivity of the pump light on its side wall is at least more than 90%.
5. side pump bar waveguide DPAL laser according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the one-dimensional wave guide is humorous
Vibration chamber includes upper and lower waveguide siding, the front cavity mirror that is all-trans, the Effect of Back-Cavity Mirror that is all-trans, output coupling mirror and pumping window, wherein above and below described
The spacing of waveguide siding is 0.5-2.5mm.
6. side pump bar waveguide DPAL laser according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the one-dimensional wave guide is humorous
Shake chamber the siding of waveguide up and down reflectivity at least more than 95%, and material therefor have to alkali metal chemical property stablize and
The characteristic of good heat conductive；
The reflectivity of the Effect of Back-Cavity Mirror that is all-trans is 99%~100%；The reflectivity of the front cavity mirror that is all-trans is 99%~100%.
7. side pump bar waveguide DPAL laser according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the output coupling mirror
Output coupling rate be 15%~90%.
8. side pump bar waveguide DPAL laser according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the one-dimensional wave guide is humorous
The transmitance of the pumping window L and pumping window R of vibration chamber are at least more than 95%.
9. side pump bar waveguide DPAL laser according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be close to the one-dimensional wave
The siding of waveguide up and down for leading resonant cavity is additionally provided with temperature regulating device, and the temperature regulating device and the one-dimensional wave guide resonant cavity are realized
Integration.
10. side pump bar waveguide DPAL laser according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the one-dimensional wave guide
Filled with the neon, argon gas or helium for collision broadening in the steam chamber of resonant cavity, and for accelerating fine structure mixing speed
The alkanes gas of rate.
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| CN106654824A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-05-10 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | High-repetition-frequency narrow-linewidth Q-modulation erbium laser |
| CN108535805B (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2019-12-03 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Light pipe and the beam shaping system for applying it |
| CN109164668A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-08 | 青岛海信激光显示股份有限公司 | A kind of laser light source and laser projection system |
| CN110361604B (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2021-08-13 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Electric field detection quantum component, preparation method and quantum field intensity sensor |
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| US20080285614A1 (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2008-11-20 | Cu Aerospace, Llc | Atomic lasers with exciplex assisted absorption |
| US20090022201A1 (en) * | 2007-05-17 | 2009-01-22 | General Atomics | Alkali-Vapor Laser with Transverse Pumping |
| CN201868728U (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2011-06-15 | 光库通讯(珠海)有限公司 | Alkali vapor laser |
| CN105305215A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-02-03 | 华中科技大学 | Laser device |
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| EP0902511A2 (en) * | 1997-09-12 | 1999-03-17 | Fanuc Ltd | Solid laser oscillator with laser diode excitation |
| US20030099272A1 (en) * | 2001-10-23 | 2003-05-29 | Krupke William F. | Diode-pumped Alkali laser |
| US20080279228A1 (en) * | 2007-03-26 | 2008-11-13 | Beach Raymond J | Optically Pumped Alkali Laser and Amplifier Using Helium-3 Buffer Gas |
| US20090022201A1 (en) * | 2007-05-17 | 2009-01-22 | General Atomics | Alkali-Vapor Laser with Transverse Pumping |
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