CN116345286A - Multi-mode vortex laser with adjustable order - Google Patents
Multi-mode vortex laser with adjustable order Download PDFInfo
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- CN116345286A CN116345286A CN202310292259.7A CN202310292259A CN116345286A CN 116345286 A CN116345286 A CN 116345286A CN 202310292259 A CN202310292259 A CN 202310292259A CN 116345286 A CN116345286 A CN 116345286A
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/11—Mode locking; Q-switching; Other giant-pulse techniques, e.g. cavity dumping
- H01S3/1106—Mode locking
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
- H01S3/08018—Mode suppression
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multimode vortex laser with adjustable orders, which comprises: the cavity lens is plated with a laser wavelength antireflection film system, the first laser output mirror and the second laser output mirror are plane mirrors, one surface of each mirror is plated with a film system which is partially transparent to the laser wavelength, and the other surface of each mirror is plated with a film system which is antireflection to the laser wavelength; the high-order Laguerre-Gaussian beam is focused by the intracavity lens, the focused beam waist position can be separated under the spherical aberration action of the intracavity lens, and the focused beam waist of the mode with higher mode order and larger spot size is closer to the intracavity lens; the positions of the first laser output mirror and the second laser output mirror are adjusted to be respectively positioned at the beam waist position of a certain mode, and the first laser output mirror and the second laser output mirror which are positioned at different positions respectively provide feedback for two Laguerre-Gaussian mode vortex lights with different orders so as to form multimode vortex laser oscillation and output.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of lasers, in particular to a multimode vortex laser with adjustable orders.
Background
The vortex beam has a helical wavefront, the wavefront phase of which varies by an integer/multiple of 2 pi around the center, each photon in the beam carrying
Is a combination of the orbital angular momentum of the (c). For the most typical vortex beam, laguerre-Gaussian, i is its angular index; because the vortex beam center has the phase singular point, the light intensity is distributed in a hollow ring shape, and the related characteristics lead the vortex beam to have important application in the aspects of optical tweezers, quantum communication, micro-nano manufacturing and the like. The method for generating vortex beam includes passive method for performing cavity modulation and transformation on existing Gaussian beam or hermian beam to obtain vortex rotation, and active method for controlling laser mode gain and loss in resonant cavity by pump light shaping and regulator/defect point size and design processing of pattern to realize mode selection and generate vortex light oscillation output [1] 。
In quantum entanglement, spatial optical communication, etc., it is often desirable to multiplex using vortex light sources that contain multiple modes simultaneously to improve system performance. However, the mode purity and power ratio of the multimode beam tend to be difficult to control, and mode competition can also lead to fluctuations in light intensity, so a controllable method of producing a multi-order vortex beam is important. In the presently disclosed and reported multimode vortex beam generation method, only document [2] proposes to control the loss of each order mode with different dimensions by etching a plurality of concentric rings with different dimensions on the laser resonator mirror, thereby realizing multimode vortex light output. However, etching patterns with complex structures on the cavity mirror has high requirements on the processing technology, and the difficulty of preparing devices is high; on the other hand, after the device is prepared, the corresponding mode order is correspondingly determined, and flexible independent adjustment of the mode order is difficult to realize; furthermore, the defect point is easily damaged by the high-intensity laser in the cavity, so that the laser mode is changed and the operation cannot be continued. Therefore, it is difficult to realize multi-mode vortex rotation output with adjustable orders in the prior art.
Reference to the literature
[1]A.Forbes,“Structured light from lasers,”Laser Photonics Rev.13(11),1900140(2019).
[2] Method for directly generating multi-vortex light beam in cavity, chinese patent application number CN 109031674B
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multimode vortex laser with adjustable orders, which utilizes a plurality of laser output mirrors positioned at different positions to respectively provide feedback for Laguerre-Gaussian mode vortex lasers with different orders, so as to realize multimode vortex laser oscillation output with adjustable orders, and is described in detail below:
an order tunable multimode vortex laser, the laser comprising:
the laser total reflection mirror is coated with a film system for increasing the reflection of the wavelength of pumping light and for reflecting the wavelength of laser light; the laser gain medium is coated with a pumping light and laser wavelength antireflection film system; the cavity lens is plated with a laser wavelength antireflection film system, the first laser output mirror and the second laser output mirror are plane mirrors, one surface of each mirror is plated with a film system which is partially transparent to the laser wavelength, and the other surface of each mirror is plated with a film system which is antireflection to the laser wavelength;
the high-order Laguerre-Gaussian beam is focused by the intracavity lens, the focused beam waist position can be separated under the spherical aberration action of the intracavity lens, and the focused beam waist of the mode with higher mode order and larger spot size is closer to the intracavity lens;
the positions of the first laser output mirror and the second laser output mirror are adjusted to be respectively positioned at the beam waist position of a certain mode, and the first laser output mirror and the second laser output mirror which are positioned at different positions respectively provide feedback for two Laguerre-Gaussian mode vortex lights with different orders so as to form multimode vortex laser oscillation and output.
Wherein, the arrangement direction of first laser output mirror is: one side coated with the laser wavelength antireflection film system faces into the laser resonant cavity formed by the gain medium and the intracavity lens. The arrangement direction of the second laser output mirror is as follows: the side coated with the laser wavelength part film system faces into the laser resonant cavity.
Preferably, when the order of the generated vortex rotation is high, the clear aperture of the laser gain medium and the intracavity lens is larger than the size of the oscillating high-order vortex light spot
Where w is the fundamental mode spot size determined by the cavity ABCD matrix and p and m are the radial and angular indices, respectively, of higher order eddy current.
Preferably, the radius of curvature of the laser total reflection mirror is less than or equal to 100mm, or a short-focal-length lens is added near the laser total reflection mirror, and the focal length is less than or equal to 100mm.
The laser gain medium is as follows: nd YVO 4 YAG, ti, sa, nd-doped, yb-doped and Er-doped laser glass and laser ceramics.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) According to the invention, two laser output mirrors positioned at different positions are utilized to respectively provide feedback for vortex light of different modes, so that multimode vortex laser output with conveniently adjustable orders is generated, and the preparation and the use of special devices are not needed, so that the method is simple and convenient, and the cost is low;
2) The invention utilizes the single pump light and the laser crystal to generate the multimode vortex laser, has simple structure, and the different modes of vortex laser have different spot sizes, so the gain areas are different, no gain competition exists, the laser is more stable, and the pump light utilization rate is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of a multimode vortex laser with adjustable orders according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the focal position of a light beam and the size of a light spot under the effect of spherical aberration in an embodiment of an order-adjustable multimode vortex laser according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the order of the vortex optical mode and the position of the laser output mirror in an embodiment of the tunable order multimode vortex laser according to the present invention.
In fig. 1, the list of components represented by the reference numerals is as follows:
1: a pump source; 2: a laser total reflection mirror;
3: a laser gain medium; 4: an intracavity lens;
5: a first laser output mirror; 6: a second laser output mirror.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below.
Example 1
An order tunable multimode vortex laser, see fig. 1, comprising: the laser gain medium comprises a pumping source 1, a laser total reflection mirror 2, a laser gain medium 3, an intracavity lens 4, a first laser output mirror 5 and a second laser output mirror 6.
Wherein, the laser total reflection mirror 2 is plated with a film system with the wavelength of pumping light for anti-reflection and the wavelength of laser light for high reflection; the laser gain medium 3 is coated with a pumping light and laser wavelength antireflection film system; the intracavity lens 4 is coated with a laser wavelength antireflection film system, and the first laser output mirror 5 and the second laser output mirror 6 are both coated with a film system which is partially transparent to the laser wavelength on one side and coated with a film system which is antireflection to the laser wavelength on the other side.
The distance between the laser total reflection mirror 2 and the intracavity lens 4 is larger, so that the size of a light spot is larger when a laser beam is transmitted to the intracavity lens 4; the first laser output mirror 5 and the second laser output mirror 6 are plane mirrors; the intracavity lens 4 is a normal spherical lens with spherical aberration.
Wherein the beam waist position of the high-order lager-gaussian beam after focusing by the intracavity lens 4 is given by:
where l' is the distance between the beam waist after focusing and the lens 4 in the cavity, l is the distance between the beam waist before focusing and the lens 4 in the cavity, f is the focal length of the lens 4 in the cavity, W is the spot size, λ is the laser wavelength, and p and m are the radial index and the angular index of the lager-gaussian beam, respectively.
Because the lager-gaussian mode vortex rotations of each order have different beam sizes, under the action of spherical aberration of the intracavity lens 4, the beam waist positions of the focused beams are separated, and the beam waist of the focused beam in the mode with higher mode order and larger spot size is closer to the intracavity lens 4. Considering that the first laser output mirror 5 and the second laser output mirror 6 are plane mirrors, according to the requirement of self-reproduction of the laser resonant cavity mode, only the mode of the beam waist on the plane mirrors after focusing by the intracavity lens 4 can oscillate in the cavity, so that the first laser output mirror 5 and the second laser output mirror 6 positioned at different positions can respectively provide feedback for two different-order Laguerre-Gaussian mode vortex lights, so that multimode vortex laser oscillation is formed and output, and other modes are subjected to larger loss and cannot oscillate. The respective tuning of the multimode vortex laser orders can be achieved by adjusting the positions of the first laser output mirror 5 and the second laser output mirror 6 to be located at the beam waist position of a certain mode, respectively.
Wherein, considering that the optical lens has a certain thickness, the preferable arrangement direction of the first laser output mirror 5 should be that the side plated with the laser wavelength antireflection film system faces into the laser resonant cavity (i.e. faces the gain medium 3 and the intracavity lens 4), and the side plated with the laser wavelength partial reflection film system faces out of the laser resonant cavity (i.e. faces the second laser output mirror 6); the second laser output mirror 6 is preferably arranged in such a way that the side coated with the laser wavelength partially reflecting film system faces into the laser resonator (towards the first laser output mirror 5). The distance between the partial reflecting films for respectively providing feedback to different modes of vortex light can be adjusted in a larger dynamic range, so that the orders of the multimode vortex light can be regulated and controlled without being limited by the thickness of the lens.
Preferably, when the order of the generated vortex rotation is high, the clear aperture of the laser gain medium 3 and the intracavity lens 4 should be larger than the size of the oscillating high order vortex light spot.
Preferably, the laser total reflection mirror 2 should have a smaller radius of curvature (or a short focal length lens is added near it) so as to compress the laser beam waist size near it, so that there is a larger spot size at the intracavity lens 4 to enhance spherical aberration and achieve better mode selection effect.
In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide feedback to the lager-gaussian mode vortex laser with different orders through the laser output mirrors located at different positions, so as to implement multi-mode vortex laser oscillation output with adjustable orders, and meet various needs in practical applications.
Example 2
The embodiment of the invention provides a multimode vortex laser with adjustable orders, which comprises the following components: the laser gain medium comprises a pumping source 1, a laser total reflection mirror 2, a laser gain medium 3, an intracavity lens 4, a first laser output mirror 5 and a second laser output mirror 6.
The pump source 1 is a 808nm semiconductor laser; the laser total reflection mirror 2 is a flat concave mirror, the curvature radius of the concave surface is 50mm, the laser total reflection mirror faces the cavity, 808nm pumping light antireflection films are plated on two sides, and a 1064nm laser high reflection film system is plated on the concave surface; the laser gain medium 3 cuts Nd: YVO for a 4 Crystals, 4X 10mm 3 Doping concentration is 0.3 at%, and 808nm pumping light and 1064nm laser antireflection film system are plated; the intracavity lens 4 is a spherical biconvex lens made of K9 material, the focal length is 51.8mm, and 1064nm laser antireflection film systems are plated; the first laser output mirror 5 and the second laser output mirror 6 are flat mirrors, and are respectively coated with film systems with 1064nm laser transmittance t=5% and t=10%.
The laser total reflection mirror 2 is arranged close to the laser gain medium 3; the distance between the intracavity lens 4 and the laser gain medium 3 is 150mm; the distance between the first laser output mirror 5 and the lens 4 in the cavity, which is the surface coated with the partial reflecting film, is 50mm, and the position can be finely adjusted; the second laser output mirror 6 is placed close to the first laser output mirror 5 and the position can be fine-tuned.
In this case, by calculating the spherical aberration of the intracavity lens 4, and according to the above expression (1), the actual focal position after focusing by the intracavity lens 4 can be obtained as shown in fig. 2. The fundamental mode light spot size at the position of the intracavity lens 4 is calculated to be 800 mu m according to the cavity mode theory, and each order LG can be determined according to the light field distribution of Laguerre-Gaussian mode vortex rotation 0,m The spot size of mode vortex rotation, and thus the relation between the position of the laser output mirror relative to the lens in the cavity and the corresponding oscillation mode, is determined according to the spherical quantity of the lens, as shown in fig. 3. By fine-tuning the positions of the first laser output mirror 5 and the second laser output mirror 6, a corresponding multimode vortex laser output can be obtained.
In the above embodiment, the laser gain medium may be Nd: YVO 4 Laser crystals such as Nd-doped YAG (neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet), ti-doped Sa (titanium-doped sapphire) and the like can be common laser gain media such as Nd-doped Yb-doped, er-doped or other luminescent ions-doped laser glass, laser ceramics and the like, and the corresponding pumping source wavelength and the plating film wavelength correspond to the absorption peak and the emission peak of the laser gain media, so that the embodiment of the invention is not limited.
The focal length of the lens 4 in the cavity is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the invention, and the focal length is selected appropriately, so that obvious spherical aberration is generated after the light beam is focused.
In summary, the purpose of the embodiment of the invention is to spatially separate the optical paths of the lager-gaussian mode vortex rotation in different modes by using spherical aberration, and to respectively provide feedback for vortex light in different orders by using two laser output mirrors in different positions, so as to realize multimode vortex laser oscillation output; by fine tuning the position of the laser output mirror, convenient adjustment of vortex optical order is realized.
The embodiment of the invention does not limit the types of other devices except the types of the devices, so long as the devices can complete the functions.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are schematic representations of only one preferred embodiment, and that the above-described embodiment numbers are merely for illustration purposes and do not represent advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. An order tunable multimode vortex laser, the laser comprising:
the laser total reflection mirror is coated with a film system for increasing the reflection of the wavelength of pumping light and for reflecting the wavelength of laser light; the laser gain medium is coated with a pumping light and laser wavelength antireflection film system; the cavity lens is plated with a laser wavelength antireflection film system, the first laser output mirror and the second laser output mirror are plane mirrors, one surface of each mirror is plated with a film system which is partially transparent to the laser wavelength, and the other surface of each mirror is plated with a film system which is antireflection to the laser wavelength;
the high-order Laguerre-Gaussian beam is focused by the intracavity lens, the focused beam waist position can be separated under the spherical aberration action of the intracavity lens, and the focused beam waist of the mode with higher mode order and larger spot size is closer to the intracavity lens;
the positions of the first laser output mirror and the second laser output mirror are adjusted to be respectively positioned at the beam waist position of a certain mode, and the first laser output mirror and the second laser output mirror which are positioned at different positions respectively provide feedback for two Laguerre-Gaussian mode vortex lights with different orders so as to form multimode vortex laser oscillation and output.
2. The tunable multimode vortex laser of claim 1 wherein the first laser output mirror is arranged in a direction: one side coated with the laser wavelength antireflection film system faces into the laser resonant cavity formed by the gain medium and the intracavity lens.
3. The tunable multimode vortex laser of claim 2 wherein the second laser output mirror is arranged in a direction: the side coated with the laser wavelength part reflection film system faces into the laser resonant cavity.
4. The tunable multimode vortex laser of claim 2 wherein the clear aperture of the laser gain medium and the intracavity lens is greater than the size of the oscillating high order vortex light spot when the order of the vortex rotation generated is high
Where w is the fundamental mode spot size determined by the cavity ABCD matrix and p and m are the radial and angular indices, respectively, of higher order eddy current.
5. An order tunable multimode vortex laser according to claim 2 wherein the radius of curvature of the total laser reflection mirror is less than or equal to 100mm or a short focal length lens is added near the radius of curvature of the total laser reflection mirror, and the focal length is less than or equal to 100mm.
6. The tunable order multimode vortex laser of claim 1 wherein the laser gain medium is: nd YVO 4 YAG, ti, sa, nd-doped, yb-doped and Er-doped laser glass and laser ceramics.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116865079A (en) * | 2023-09-04 | 2023-10-10 | 长春理工大学 | Dual-mode superposition regulation laser |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116865079A (en) * | 2023-09-04 | 2023-10-10 | 长春理工大学 | Dual-mode superposition regulation laser |
| CN116865079B (en) * | 2023-09-04 | 2023-11-03 | 长春理工大学 | Dual-mode superposition regulation laser |
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