CN103151700B - A kind of angular momentum tunable full-solid-state laser that there is multi-wavelength and export - Google Patents
A kind of angular momentum tunable full-solid-state laser that there is multi-wavelength and export Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种具有多波长输出的角动量可调谐全固态激光器,属于激光技术领域。The invention relates to an angular momentum tunable all-solid-state laser with multi-wavelength output, belonging to the field of laser technology.
背景技术Background technique
随着科技的发展,激光的应用越来越广泛,可以说激光已经并且正在改变着我们的生产和生活,提升了和正在提升着我们的国民经济。在激光的众多领域中,具有角动量的激光成为近几年研究的重点,因其光子具有角动量,在光通讯、冷原子囚禁、动态光存储、量子计算以及光捏等光学领域特别是量子光学领域有着重要的需求和应用。多波长激光由于具有同时输出多种光子的优点,且可以用于太赫兹的产生,具有着单波长激光所不具有的优势,也是一直以来激光发展的重要方向。单波长激光只具有单一能量光子,经过模式转换技术所产生的具有角动量的激光也只具有单一能量光子。只能通过不同波长激光组合实现。With the development of science and technology, the application of laser is more and more extensive. It can be said that laser has changed our production and life, and improved and is improving our national economy. In many fields of lasers, lasers with angular momentum have become the focus of research in recent years, because their photons have angular momentum, which is especially important in optical fields such as optical communications, cold atom trapping, dynamic optical storage, quantum computing, and optical pinching. The field of optics has important needs and applications. Multi-wavelength lasers have the advantages of simultaneously outputting multiple photons and can be used for terahertz generation. They have advantages that single-wavelength lasers do not have, and have always been an important direction of laser development. Single-wavelength laser has only single-energy photons, and the laser with angular momentum produced by mode conversion technology also has only single-energy photons. It can only be achieved by combining different wavelength lasers.
正是针对目前对具有多波长输出且具有角动量的全固态激光器的重要需求和现状,我们提供一种具有多波长输出的角动量可调谐全固态激光器。该类激光器具有结构简单、操作简便、不同能量光子角动量同步可调谐以及可进行产业化等优势,为激光器家族添加了一类新的成员。Just in response to the current important demand and status quo for an all-solid-state laser with multi-wavelength output and angular momentum, we provide a tunable angular momentum all-solid-state laser with multi-wavelength output. This type of laser has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation, synchronous tunability of photon angular momentum of different energies, and industrialization, adding a new class of members to the laser family.
CN102684061A(2012.5山大)涉及一种稳定脉冲能量的全固态角动量可调谐激光器。包括泵浦源,光学耦合系统,谐振腔,固体激光介质、可饱和吸收体,泵浦源为半导体激光二极管,固体激光介质为掺杂型激光材料Nd:YAG或Nd:YVO4,可饱和吸收体为Cr:YAG或GaAs晶体,所述谐振腔由输入镜和输出镜组成,或由固体激光介质入射面的镀膜与可饱和吸收体出射面的镀膜组成。该发明的激光器输出激光为具有固定能量的脉冲激光且具有光学角动量,通过改变泵浦光的功率,可实现角动量的连续变化。该发明的激光器可用于光通讯、冷原子囚禁、动态光存储、量子计算等方面。该可调谐激光器成本低、体积小、调整灵活、能量稳定、峰值功率高、角动量可调谐。该发明虽然角动量可调,但不可实现多波长同时输出。CN102684061A (2012.5 Shanda) relates to an all-solid-state angular momentum tunable laser with stable pulse energy. Including pump source, optical coupling system, resonator, solid laser medium, saturable absorber, pump source is semiconductor laser diode, solid laser medium is doped laser material Nd:YAG or Nd:YVO4, saturable absorber It is Cr:YAG or GaAs crystal, and the resonant cavity is composed of an input mirror and an output mirror, or is composed of a coating film on the incident surface of a solid laser medium and a coating film on the exit surface of a saturable absorber. The output laser of the laser of the invention is a pulsed laser with fixed energy and has optical angular momentum, and the continuous change of angular momentum can be realized by changing the power of the pumping light. The invented laser can be used in optical communication, cold atom trapping, dynamic optical storage, quantum computing, etc. The tunable laser has low cost, small size, flexible adjustment, stable energy, high peak power and tunable angular momentum. Although the angular momentum of this invention is adjustable, it cannot realize simultaneous output of multiple wavelengths.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对目前对具有多波长角动量的激光器的重要需求和现状,本发明提供一种结构紧凑、操作简单、具有多波长输出的角动量可调谐全固态激光器。Aiming at the current important demand and current situation of lasers with multi-wavelength angular momentum, the present invention provides a angular momentum tunable all-solid-state laser with compact structure, simple operation and multi-wavelength output.
本发明的技术方案是采用以下方式来实现的。The technical solution of the present invention is realized in the following manner.
一种具有多波长输出的角动量可调谐全固态激光器,由泵浦源(1)、光学耦合系统(2)、输入镜(3)、固体激光介质(4)、输出镜(5)和柱面镜模式变换透镜组(6)依光路方向顺序排列而成,输入镜(3)镀以对泵浦光高透、对振荡光高反射的介质膜,输出镜(5)镀以对振荡光部分反射的介质膜。An angular momentum tunable all-solid-state laser with multi-wavelength output consists of a pump source (1), an optical coupling system (2), an input mirror (3), a solid-state laser medium (4), an output mirror (5) and a column The mirror mode conversion lens group (6) is arranged in order according to the direction of the light path. The input mirror (3) is coated with a dielectric film that is highly transparent to the pump light and highly reflective to the oscillating light, and the output mirror (5) is coated with a dielectric film that is highly reflective to the oscillating light. Partially reflective dielectric coatings.
根据本发明,所述的泵浦源为半导体激光二极管(LD),其输出波长为针对固体激光材料的吸收波长;进一步优选的泵浦源输出波长为808nm的InGaAs的半导体激光二极管,泵浦方式是端面泵浦。According to the present invention, the pumping source is a semiconductor laser diode (LD), and its output wavelength is the absorption wavelength for solid laser materials; a further preferred pumping source output wavelength is an InGaAs semiconductor laser diode with a wavelength of 808nm, and the pumping method is is end pumped.
根据本发明优选的,所述的输入镜(3)镀以对泵浦光高透、对振荡光高反射的介质膜是在输入镜泵浦端表面镀以对泵浦波光透过率≥90%的介质膜,另一端表面镀以对振荡光反射率≥99%的介质膜。Preferably according to the present invention, the input mirror (3) is coated with a dielectric film with high transmittance to the pump light and high reflection to the oscillating light. % dielectric film, the surface of the other end is coated with a dielectric film with a reflectivity ≥ 99% for oscillating light.
根据本发明,所述的输出镜(5)镀以对振荡光部分反射的介质膜是指在输出镜靠近激光介质的一端表面镀以对振荡光透过率为2~20%的介质膜。According to the present invention, the output mirror (5) coated with a dielectric film that partly reflects the oscillating light means that the surface of the output mirror near the laser medium is coated with a dielectric film with a transmittance of 2-20% for the oscillating light.
根据本发明,所述的输出镜(5)俯仰角度可调,以输出镜垂直轴向为基准角度可调范围在-5°至+5°。以改变谐振腔菲涅尔数,进一步实现不同阶模式的激光输出。According to the present invention, the pitch angle of the output mirror (5) is adjustable, and the angle adjustable range is from -5° to +5° based on the vertical axis of the output mirror. By changing the Fresnel number of the resonant cavity, the laser output of different order modes can be further realized.
根据本发明,所述的固体激光介质(4)为可产生多波长激光输出的激光材料,选自Nd:Lu2O3和Nd:Y3Ga5O12晶体或陶瓷,Nd掺杂浓度为0.05-at.%~20-at.%,固体激光介质长度为0.5mm~50mm。固体激光介质入射面和/或出射面可镀以对振荡光以及泵浦光高透过的介质膜,也可以不镀膜。According to the present invention, the solid laser medium (4) is a laser material capable of producing multi-wavelength laser output, selected from Nd:Lu 2 O 3 and Nd:Y 3 Ga 5 O 12 crystals or ceramics, and the Nd doping concentration is 0.05-at.%~20-at.%, the length of solid laser medium is 0.5mm~50mm. The incident surface and/or the outgoing surface of the solid-state laser medium can be coated with a dielectric film that is highly transparent to the oscillating light and the pumping light, or it can be uncoated.
所述的柱面镜模式变换透镜组(6)为一对焦距f相同的柱面镜,两柱面镜距离为f,通过该透镜组对光束的变换作用,厄米高斯HG0n模式可转换为拉盖尔高斯LG0n模式。The cylindrical mirror mode conversion lens group (6) is a cylindrical mirror with the same focal length f, and the distance between the two cylindrical mirrors is f, Through the transformation effect of the lens group on the light beam, the Hermitian Gaussian HG 0n mode can be converted into the Laguerre Gaussian LG 0n mode.
所述柱面镜焦距f为1~500mm,优选为30~50mm,进一步优选为50mm;柱面镜通光端面可镀以对振荡光高透过的介质膜,也可以不镀膜;优选的,所述柱面镜通光端面镀以对振荡光透过率≥90%的介质膜。The focal length f of the cylindrical mirror is 1-500 mm, preferably 30-50 mm, more preferably 50 mm; the light-transmitting end surface of the cylindrical mirror can be coated with a dielectric film that is highly transparent to the oscillating light, or it can be uncoated; preferably, The light-transmitting end surface of the cylindrical lens is coated with a dielectric film with a transmittance of 90% or more to the oscillating light.
根据本发明,所述的输入镜(3)是平面镜或凹面镜,或者是固体激光介质(4)入射面镀以对泵浦波光透过率≥90%、对振荡光反射率≥99%的介质膜。所述输出镜(5)平面镜或凹面镜。According to the present invention, the input mirror (3) is a plane mirror or a concave mirror, or is coated on the incident surface of the solid laser medium (4) with a pumping light transmittance ≥ 90% and a oscillating light reflectance ≥ 99%. Dielectric film. The output mirror (5) is a plane mirror or a concave mirror.
当上述角动量可调谐激光器的输入镜(3)是在固体激光介质(4)的入射面上镀以对泵浦波光透过率≥90%、对振荡光反射率≥99%的介质膜时,该介质膜即取代平面镜或凹面镜起到相同的作用;此时,固体激光介质出射面上镀以对振荡光高透过的介质膜,也可不镀膜。When the input mirror (3) of the above-mentioned angular momentum tunable laser is coated on the incident surface of the solid laser medium (4) with a dielectric film with a transmittance of pumping light ≥ 90% and a reflectivity of oscillating light ≥ 99% , the dielectric film replaces the plane mirror or the concave mirror and plays the same role; at this time, the dielectric film that is highly transparent to the oscillating light is coated on the exit surface of the solid-state laser medium, or it does not need to be coated.
本发明利用一个输入镜、一块固体激光介质、一个输出镜和一个柱面镜模式变换透镜组即可获得多波长激光输出且不同波长光子所携带轨道角动量相同并连续可调。本发明通过调整输出镜俯仰角度或泵浦光光斑大小,改变谐振腔的菲涅尔数以产生不同阶次的厄米高斯HG0n模式。The invention uses an input mirror, a solid laser medium, an output mirror and a cylindrical mirror mode conversion lens group to obtain multi-wavelength laser output, and the orbital angular momentum carried by photons of different wavelengths is the same and continuously adjustable. The invention changes the Fresnel number of the resonant cavity by adjusting the pitch angle of the output mirror or the spot size of the pumping light to generate Hermitian Gaussian HG 0n modes of different orders.
本发明得到的不同波长光子具有相同的角动量,而且光子的轨道角动量随着谐振腔菲涅尔数的改变而连续可调谐。所以在光通讯、冷原子囚禁、动态光存储、量子计算以及光捏等量子光学方面具有重要的应用前景。Photons of different wavelengths obtained by the invention have the same angular momentum, and the orbital angular momentum of the photon can be tuned continuously with the change of the Fresnel number of the resonant cavity. Therefore, it has important application prospects in quantum optics such as optical communication, cold atom trapping, dynamic optical storage, quantum computing, and optical pinching.
本发明的多波长输出的角动量可调谐全固态激光器具有以下优势:The angular momentum tunable all-solid-state laser with multi-wavelength output of the present invention has the following advantages:
1.结构紧凑。单一激光材料具有多波长输出,比单波长多台激光器组合产生多波长所需空间小。1. Compact structure. A single laser material has multi-wavelength output, which requires less space than the combination of multiple lasers with a single wavelength to produce multi-wavelength.
2.操作简单。本发明的只需通过调节输出镜角度改变谐振腔菲涅尔数便可同时改变不同能量光子所携带的角动量,具有操作简单的特点。2. Easy to operate. The invention can simultaneously change the angular momentum carried by photons of different energies only by changing the Fresnel number of the resonant cavity by adjusting the angle of the output mirror, and has the characteristics of simple operation.
3.应用广。本发明的多波长输出的角动量可调谐全固态激光器,具有不同能量光子携带相同的角动量且角动量连续可调谐的特点,这就意味着在太赫兹,光通讯、非线性频率转换、动态光存储、量子计算、冷原子囚禁以及光捏等方面具有广泛的应用。3. Wide application. The angular momentum tunable all-solid-state laser with multi-wavelength output of the present invention has the characteristics that photons of different energies carry the same angular momentum and the angular momentum can be continuously tuned, which means that in terahertz, optical communication, nonlinear frequency conversion, dynamic There are a wide range of applications in optical storage, quantum computing, cold atom trapping, and light pinching.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明实施例1的双波长输出的角动量可调谐全固态激光器结构示意图。其中:1是泵浦源,2是光学耦合系统,3是输入镜,镀有对泵浦光高透、振荡光高反的介质膜,4是固体激光介质,其表面镀以对泵浦光和振荡光高透过的介质膜,5为输出镜,镀有振荡光部分反射的介质膜,6为柱面镜模式变换透镜组。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an angular momentum tunable all-solid-state laser with dual-wavelength output according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Among them: 1 is the pump source, 2 is the optical coupling system, 3 is the input mirror, coated with a dielectric film that is highly transparent to the pump light and highly reflective to the oscillating light, 4 is the solid laser medium, and its surface is coated with a dielectric film that is highly reflective to the pump light. and a dielectric film with high transmission of oscillating light, 5 is an output mirror coated with a dielectric film that partly reflects the oscillating light, and 6 is a cylindrical mirror mode conversion lens group.
图2为本发明实施例2的结构示意图。其中输入镜(3)是平面镜。Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Wherein the input mirror (3) is a plane mirror.
图3为本发明实施例3的结构示意图。其中输入镜(3)省略,代之以固体激光介质(4)(Nd:Lu2O3)入射面上镀以对泵浦波光透过率≥90%、对振荡光反射率≥99%的介质膜。Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Wherein, the input mirror (3) is omitted, and replaced by a solid laser medium (4) (Nd:Lu 2 O 3 ) on the incident surface, which is coated with a light transmittance of ≥90% for the pump wave and a reflectivity of ≥99% for the oscillation light. Dielectric film.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步说明,但不限于此。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but is not limited thereto.
实施例1:双波长输出的角动量可调谐全固态激光器Example 1: Angular momentum tunable all-solid-state laser with dual-wavelength output
结构如图1所示,由泵浦源(1)、光学耦合系统(2)、输入镜(3)、固体激光介质(4)、输出镜(5)和柱面镜模式变换透镜组(6)顺序排列而成,其中,固体激光介质(4)是Nd:Lu2O3晶体,它的两个通光端面上镀以对泵浦光和振荡光1077nm、1088nm光透过率≥99%的增透膜;输入镜(3)泵浦端镀以对泵浦光808nm透过率≥90%的介质膜、靠近激光介质的另一端镀以对1077nm和1080nm反射率≥99%的介质膜;输出镜(5)靠近激光介质的一端表面镀以对1077nm和1080nm透过率为20%的部分反射介质膜;柱面镜模式变换透镜组(6)两柱面镜的焦距均为50mm,其四个通光端面上未镀膜。The structure is shown in Figure 1, consisting of pump source (1), optical coupling system (2), input mirror (3), solid laser medium (4), output mirror (5) and cylindrical mirror mode conversion lens group (6 ) are arranged in sequence, wherein the solid-state laser medium (4) is Nd:Lu 2 O 3 crystal, and its two light-transmitting end surfaces are coated with pump light and oscillation light 1077nm, 1088nm light transmittance ≥ 99% Anti-reflection coating; the pump end of the input mirror (3) is coated with a dielectric film with a transmittance of ≥90% for pump light at 808nm, and the other end close to the laser medium is coated with a dielectric film with a reflectance of ≥99% for 1077nm and 1080nm The surface of one end of the output mirror (5) close to the laser medium is coated with a partially reflective dielectric film with a transmittance of 20% for 1077nm and 1080nm; the focal length of the two cylindrical mirrors of the cylindrical mirror mode conversion lens group (6) is 50mm, Its four transparent end faces are not coated.
所述的泵浦源(1)是输出波长为808nm的InGaAs的半导体激光二极管,其泵浦方式是端面泵浦。The pumping source (1) is an InGaAs semiconductor laser diode with an output wavelength of 808nm, and its pumping method is end pumping.
所述的输入镜(3)是曲率为200mm的凹面镜,输出镜(5)是平面镜。The input mirror (3) is a concave mirror with a curvature of 200mm, and the output mirror (5) is a plane mirror.
所述的固体激光介质(4)Nd:Lu2O3晶体的钕掺杂浓度为0.5-at.%,晶体通光长度为0.6mm。The doping concentration of neodymium in the solid laser medium (4) Nd:Lu 2 O 3 crystal is 0.5-at.%, and the optical length of the crystal is 0.6mm.
所述的柱面镜模式变换透镜组(6)中的两柱面镜的间距为70.7mm。The distance between the two cylindrical mirrors in the cylindrical mirror mode conversion lens group (6) is 70.7 mm.
调节泵浦源(1)输出功率,加大泵浦功率,实现高阶HG0,n模式激光输出的同时,通过柱面镜模式变换透镜组(6)获得具有角动量固定、输出波长为1077和1080nm激光输出。通过调整输出镜(5)俯仰角度-5°至+5°,可以改变谐振腔菲涅尔数,进一步实现不同阶模式的激光输出。Adjust the output power of the pump source (1) and increase the pump power to achieve high-order HG 0,n mode laser output. At the same time, the angular momentum is fixed and the output wavelength is 1077 through the cylindrical mirror mode conversion lens group (6). And 1080nm laser output. By adjusting the pitch angle of the output mirror (5) from -5° to +5°, the Fresnel number of the resonant cavity can be changed to further realize laser output in different order modes.
本发明的1077nm、1080nm双波长输出的角动量可调谐全固态激光器,具有不同能量光子携带相同的角动量且角动量连续可调谐的特点,这就意味着在太赫兹,光通讯、非线性频率转换、动态光存储、量子计算、冷原子囚禁以及光捏等方面具有广泛的应用The 1077nm, 1080nm dual-wavelength output angular momentum tunable all-solid-state laser of the present invention has the characteristics that photons of different energies carry the same angular momentum and the angular momentum can be continuously tuned, which means that in terahertz, optical communication, nonlinear frequency Wide range of applications in switching, dynamic optical storage, quantum computing, cold atom trapping, and optical pinching
实施例2:三波长输出的角动量可调谐全固态激光器Example 2: Angular momentum tunable all-solid-state laser with three-wavelength output
结构如图2所示,与实施例1中不同的是固体激光介质(4)以Nd:Y3Ga5O12晶体代替,它的两个通光端面上镀以对泵浦光和1060nm附近波长光透过率≥99%的增透膜;其输入镜(3)换成了平镜,输入镜(3)泵浦端镀以对泵浦光透过率≥90%的介质膜、、靠近激光介质的另一端镀以对1060nm附近反射率≥99%的介质膜;输出镜(5)靠近激光介质的一端表面镀以对1060nm附近透过率为20%的部分反射介质膜。The structure is shown in Figure 2. The difference from Example 1 is that the solid-state laser medium (4) is replaced by Nd:Y 3 Ga 5 O 12 crystals, and its two transparent end surfaces are plated to protect the pump light and near 1060nm Anti-reflection coating with wavelength light transmittance ≥ 99%; the input mirror (3) is replaced with a flat mirror, and the pump end of the input mirror (3) is coated with a dielectric film with pump light transmittance ≥ 90%, The other end close to the laser medium is coated with a dielectric film with a reflectivity ≥ 99% near 1060nm; the surface of the output mirror (5) near the laser medium is coated with a partially reflective dielectric film with a transmittance of 20% near 1060nm.
所述的泵浦源(1)是输出波长为808nm的InGaAs的半导体激光二极管,泵浦方式是端面泵浦。The pumping source (1) is an InGaAs semiconductor laser diode with an output wavelength of 808nm, and the pumping method is end pumping.
所述的输入镜(3)是平面镜,输出镜(6)是平面镜。The input mirror (3) is a plane mirror, and the output mirror (6) is a plane mirror.
所述的固体激光介质(4)Nd:Y3Ga5O12晶体的钕掺杂浓度为1-at.%,晶体通光长度为0.6mm。The doping concentration of neodymium in the solid laser medium (4) Nd:Y 3 Ga 5 O 12 crystal is 1-at.%, and the optical length of the crystal is 0.6mm.
所述的柱面镜模式变换透镜组(6),两镜焦距均为50mm,间距为70.7mm,表面镀以对1060nm高透过的介质膜(透过率≥90%)。The cylindrical mirror mode conversion lens group (6) has a focal length of 50mm and a distance of 70.7mm, and the surface is coated with a dielectric film with a high transmittance to 1060nm (transmittance ≥ 90%).
本实施例输出的激光为1062.1nm,1060.3nm,1058.9nm三波长输出的角动量可调谐全固态激光器。The laser output in this embodiment is an angular momentum tunable all-solid-state laser with output at three wavelengths of 1062.1 nm, 1060.3 nm, and 1058.9 nm.
调节泵浦源(1)输出功率,加大泵浦功率,实现高阶HG0,n模式激光输出的同时,通过柱面镜模式变换透镜组(6)获得具有角动量固定、输出波长为1062.1nm,1060.3nm,1058.9nm三波长激光输出。通过调整输出镜(5)俯仰角-5°至+5°,以改变谐振腔菲涅尔数,进一步实现不同阶模式的激光输出。Adjust the output power of the pump source (1) and increase the pump power to achieve high-order HG 0,n mode laser output. At the same time, the angular momentum is fixed and the output wavelength is 1062.1 through the cylindrical mirror mode conversion lens group (6). nm, 1060.3nm, 1058.9nm three-wavelength laser output. By adjusting the pitch angle of the output mirror (5) from -5° to +5°, the Fresnel number of the resonant cavity is changed to further realize the laser output of different order modes.
实施例3:双波长输出的角动量可调谐全固态激光器Example 3: Angular momentum tunable all-solid-state laser with dual-wavelength output
如实施例1所述,所不同的是:省掉输入镜(3),固体激光介质(4)是Nd:Lu2O3晶体,在固体激光介质(4)的入射面上镀以对泵浦光808nm透过率≥90%、对振荡光1077nm和1080nm光反射率≥99%的介质膜,用以取代输入镜(3)的作用;另一端不镀膜。结构如图3所示。As described in Example 1, the difference is that the input mirror (3) is omitted, and the solid laser medium (4) is Nd:Lu 2 O 3 crystal, which is plated on the incident surface of the solid laser medium (4) to support the pump Dielectric film with transmittance ≥ 90% at 808nm and reflectivity ≥ 99% for oscillating light at 1077nm and 1080nm is used to replace the input mirror (3); the other end is not coated. The structure is shown in Figure 3.
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