CN105551539B - A kind of reactor fusant out-pile gaseous-waste holdup system - Google Patents
A kind of reactor fusant out-pile gaseous-waste holdup system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105551539B CN105551539B CN201510920405.1A CN201510920405A CN105551539B CN 105551539 B CN105551539 B CN 105551539B CN 201510920405 A CN201510920405 A CN 201510920405A CN 105551539 B CN105551539 B CN 105551539B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C9/00—Emergency protection arrangements structurally associated with the reactor, e.g. safety valves provided with pressure equalisation devices
- G21C9/016—Core catchers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/18—Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Structure Of Emergency Protection For Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of reactor fusant out-pile gaseous-waste holdup systems, collection and arresting device including reactor pit bottom is arranged in, the collection and arresting device pass through the melting plug being arranged at the top of collection and arresting device with reactor pit and are connected, it collects and arresting device is interior equipped with extension and cooling subsystem, the extension and cooling subsystem include extension and cooling subsystem main body, the extension and cooling subsystem main body are plate conveyor screw, its more cooling pipe of internal setting, the both ends of the more cooling pipes are connected with extension and cooling subsystem water delivery suction line and extension and cooling subsystem water delivery outlet line respectively, the extension is connected to cooling subsystem water delivery suction line and extension with cooling subsystem water delivery outlet line by condenser.Out-pile gaseous-waste holdup system of the invention, when the major accident that reactor core melts down occurs for nuclear power station, reactor core fusant utmostly can fast and effeciently be extended to cooling in small space, to reduce the release risk of reactor pit burn through and radioactive substance, improve the safety under reactor accident.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to reactor disaster preventions and mitigation technique field, and in particular to a kind of reactor fusant heap
Outer gaseous-waste holdup system.
Background technique
China is building at present and is running tens of large size two generations modified nuclear power plants, but most not set effective heaps
Outer fusant gaseous-waste holdup system.After Fukushima, Japan accident, prevention and alleviation of the nuclear plant safety problem especially for major accident
More slope is urgent.At present under major accident, the cooling of reactor core fusant and it is detained strategy and can be divided mainly into two kinds: 1) pressure
The cooling Yu holding (IVR) of fusant in container are applied in the AP-1000 type design of US Westinghouse company；2) it presses
The outer fusant of force container it is cooling with collect (EVR), design in the VVER-1000 type of Russia's design with France ANP advanced
It is applied in presurized water reactor EPR type, nineteen ninety-five French CE A it is proposed that (be respectively from inside to outside by 3-layer composite material
MgAl2O4,ZrO2, steel) and test tube type crucible closed at one end is constructed, and arrange and carry out external cooling trapping scheme in groups.For
Out-pile cooling strategy, Russian VVER-1000 " crucible " formula trap combine the cooling fusant packet of the passive water supply of AP600
The design feature of volume metal surface and European advanced pressurized water reactor reactor core catcher by expendable material improve fusant characteristic with
Reduce the technical characterstic of heat flow density；The mentality of designing of ANP " extension " formula reactor core catcher of France is to flow fusant directly
Enter reactor pit, fusant is chemically reacted with reactor pit sacrifice concrete under high temperature action, and gradually ablation is sacrificed mixed
Solidifying soil reaches preliminary function that is cooling, collecting fusant, and entire chemical reaction process carries out under the protection of reactor pit protective layer,
Ensure that fusant will not penetrate reactor pit and enter structural concrete, to control nuclear radiation diffusion.It is ground about reactor core catcher the country
Studying carefully also has related patents to appear in the newspapers, as I, II, IV type bottom opening jet chimney wall type reactor core of Shanghai Institute of Nuclear Engineering is molten
Melt object arresting device (CN103377724A, CN103377723A, CN103377720A), there is the reactor core of integrated cooling duct to catch
Storage (CN103081023A), the external cooling large-scale passive nuclear plant reactor core catcher of bottom water injection superposition
(CN103177778A) and there is the large-scale passive PWR nuclear power plant reactor core catcher of fusant propagation chamber
(CN103165198A) etc..
But the above patent is all detained without reference to multi-layer helical extension cooled, is also not carried out fusant in original state
Layer-by-layer extension under controlled condition is cooling and recycling of condensed steam designs, thus can research and develop cooling energy based on above-mentioned thinking
Power is strong, and occupied space is less, safe and reliable more efficient reactor core melt retention system.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of reactor fusant out-pile gaseous-waste holdup system, in core
When the major accident that reactor core melts down occurs for power station, it can be realized reactor core fusant in small space utmostly fast and effeciently
Extension cooling improves the safety under reactor accident to reduce the release risk of reactor pit burn through and radioactive substance.
To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: a kind of reactor fusant out-pile is provided and is detained system
System, collection and arresting device including reactor pit bottom is arranged in, the collection and arresting device pass through with reactor pit
It is arranged in collect and is connected with the melting plug at the top of arresting device, extension and cooling subsystem is equipped in the collection and arresting device
System, the extension and cooling subsystem include extension and cooling subsystem main body, and the extension and cooling subsystem main body are plate spiral shell
Revolve body, it is internal that more cooling pipes are set, the both ends of the more cooling pipes respectively with extension and cooling subsystem water delivery
Suction line and extension are connected with cooling subsystem water delivery outlet line, extend and cooling subsystem water delivery suction line and expansion
It is connected between exhibition and cooling subsystem water delivery outlet line by condenser.
Further, the plate conveyor screw be more Material cladding structures comprising top sacrificial layer, bottom sacrificial layer and
Metal heat-conducting layer between top sacrificial layer and bottom sacrificial layer is set, and the more cooling pipes are arranged in metal heat-conducting layer
It is interior.
Further, it is all provided between the top sacrificial layer and metal heat-conducting layer and between bottom sacrificial layer and metal heat-conducting layer
There is heat-resistant stable layer.
Further, the lower section that plate conveyor screw top layer, close melting are filled in is equipped with shock resistance catching device.
Further, the plate conveyor screw includes by the support device through the main center, the support device
The central support posts of the bottom of collection and arresting device are set and are successively interted around central support posts by spiral plate inclination layer
More support rods, the support rod the other end insertion collect the preset fixation hole of four wall of arresting device in.
Further, which further includes that the fusant collection of the bottom of reactor pit is arranged in and is detained dress early period
It sets.
Further, the lower end of the melting plug is equipped with temperature-detecting device.
Further, the collection and arresting device are equipped with gas recovery system, which includes air accumulator
And the overpressure protection apparatus on air accumulator is set.
Further, the extension and cooling subsystem water delivery suction line and extension and cooling subsystem water delivery outlet line
Between be additionally provided with built-in material-changing water tank.
Further, the collection and arresting device include the heat-insulated protection interior wall of the support exterior wall and inside in outside.
The beneficial technical effect of the present invention lies in: (1) it using fusant is collected and early period is detained design, make the fusant scale of construction
It concentrates and relatively controllable；(2) successively extension cooling reduces the risk that hot-fluid is concentrated；(3) it is designed, is had using multilayer materials
Effect reduces fusant fusing point, viscosity and makes its Quick Extended, cooling, while body construction being protected not to be destroyed；(4) cooling pipe
Water band thermal evaporation after can be collected by condenser, improve the utilization rate at water source, while the recyclable device of exhaust gas is put to harmful band
Radioactivity containing can be effectively realized；(5) whole system is using three-dimensional extension cooling, and occupied space is limited, and resource utilization is high.
Detailed description of the invention
The structure chart of Fig. 1 reactor fusant out-pile gaseous-waste holdup system；
The sectional view of Fig. 2 extension and cooling subsystem main body；
The structural schematic diagram of Fig. 3 extension and cooling subsystem main body；
The structural schematic diagram of Fig. 4 extension and cooling system main body supporting structure.
In figure, 01 pressure vessel；02 fusant is collected and arresting device early period；03 melting plug；04 extension and cooling subsystem
System；05 support exterior wall；06 heat-insulated protection interior wall；07, material-changing water tank built in 10；08 condenser；09 extension and cooling subsystem are defeated
Water inlet pipeline；11 collect and arresting device waterline；12 extensions and cooling subsystem water delivery outlet line；13 bottom plates thicken
Sacrificial concrete layer；14 air accumulators；15 safety relief valves；16 risk mixed gas gathering lines；17 top sacrificial layers；18,
20 heat-resistant stable layers；19 metal heat-conducting layers；21 bottom sacrificial layers；22 cooling pipes；23 extensions and cooling subsystem outer；24
Edge in extension and cooling subsystem；25 shock resistance catching devices；26 central support posts；27 horizontal support bars；28 reactor pits；
29 collections and arresting device
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, a specific embodiment of the invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, being that the present invention provides reactor fusant out-pile gaseous-waste holdup system, which includes being arranged in reactor
The collection of 28 bottom of reactor pit and arresting device 29, the collection and arresting device 29 are connected with reactor pit 28 by melting plug 03
It is logical, collect and arresting device 29 in be equipped with extension and cooling subsystem 04, be equipped in reactor pit 28 fusant collect and before
Phase arresting device 02.It collects and is connected with gas recovery system at the top of arresting device, collection is connected with the bottom of arresting device
There is cooling system.
Fusant is collected and arresting device early period 02 is the container with upper opening, the bottom of the container be equipped with chamfering or
Wedge shaped, traversing section is from the horizontal by 1-10 °, the device high temperature resistant, preferably crucible.
Melting plug 03 is located at immediately below pressure vessel 01, collects with fusant and arresting device early period 02 connects and is stuck in
It collects on arresting device 29, material is sacrificial concrete, rounded or rectangle, having a size of 40cm-80cm, with a thickness of 20-
40cm, bottom are provided with temperature-detecting device, carry out temperature monitoring, and preferred thermoelectric is even.
As shown in Figure 2,3, extension and cooling subsystem 04 include extending and cooling subsystem main body, the extension and cooling son
System body is plate conveyor screw, which is more Material cladding structures, including top sacrificial layer 17, bottom sacrificial layer
21 and the metal heat-conducting layer 19 that is arranged between top sacrificial layer 17 and bottom sacrificial layer 21, it is equipped in metal heat-conducting layer 19
The cooling pipe 22 of 15-30 root parallel arrangement, between top sacrificial layer 17 and metal heat-conducting layer 19 and bottom sacrificial layer 21 and gold
Belong to and be equipped with heat-resistant stable layer 18,20 between heat-conducting layer 19, plate conveyor screw upright side walls are equipped with extension and cooling subsystem
Along 24 in system outer 23 and extension and cooling subsystem, more Material cladding structures are coated.Plate on plate conveyor screw has longitudinally
Tilt angle between 20 ° -40 °, the angle can determine the spiral number of plies, exhibition to can also slope inwardly or outwardly 0 ° -
10 °, so that fusant is made thinner as homogeneously as possible on the expanding surface of plate.Extension and cooling subsystem top layer, close melting
The lower section of plug 03 is equipped with shock resistance catching device 25, which is the sacrificial concrete platform thickeied, with one
Fusant that is secondary or repeatedly coming down in torrents after effective undertaking melting plug failure.
Extend the extension connected with cooling subsystem 04 and its both ends and cooling subsystem water delivery suction line 09 and extension
A cooling circuit is formed between cooling subsystem water delivery outlet line 12, condenser 08 and interior is successively arranged on the cooling circuit
Material-changing water tank 07 is set, cooling water and condensing hot air furnace auxiliary system are constituted.
Present invention extension and cooling subsystem, plate thickness degree can be by the thermal transmission requirements and material of reactor core afterheat heat output
Attribute is determined, and top plate and the directly catalytic expendable material of fusant are with high heat capacity, low melting point and to improve
The heat-absorbing material of flow behavior (reducing with mixture viscosity after fusant effect), can be iron oxide or aluminium oxide or both
Mixture, it can be 20-30cm, extension and cooling system that thickness can guarantee not to be fused always in fusant extension cooling procedure
The interior edge of system and extension and cooling system outer are thicker, will not accumulate and local burn through because of smelt flow changed course, expendable material
High temperature heat-resistant stabilized zone 18,20 optional such as SiC, refractory ceramics or other composite materials under layer, thickness can be 0.5-1.5cm,
To protect lower metal heat-conducting layer and cooling pipe to ruin from hot melt, for intermediate metal heat-conducting layer with a thickness of 10-20cm, bottom is sacrificial
Domestic animal layer is the sacrificial concrete that above structure can be protected not melted by heat radiation.
As shown in figure 4, extension and cooling subsystem main body pass through the branch through the extension and cooling subsystem main center
Support arrangement support, the support device include central support posts 26 and successively intert around central support posts 26 by spiral plate inclination layer
More support rods 27, support rod 27 the other end insertion collect the preset fixation hole of 29 4 wall of arresting device in, central supported
Column 26 is fixed on the bottom of collection and arresting device 29, to play overall support purpose, support column 26 be alloy resistant to high temperature or
Composite material.
It collects and arresting device 29 includes heat-insulated protection interior wall 06 and the support that heat-insulated 06 periphery of protection interior wall is arranged in
Exterior wall 05.Wherein, support exterior wall 05 is silicate concrete, plays structural support effect, and the heat-insulated protection interior wall 06 of reactor pit is resistance to height
Warm refractory material, such as silica brick, magnesia brick.It collects and is equipped with bottom plate thickening sacrificial concrete 13 with the bottom in arresting device 29,
It prevents that reactor pit bottom plate may be melted by the fusant for cooling down and extending main body spilling.
Cooling system includes collecting and arresting device waterline 11, one end of the collection and arresting device waterline 11
It is connect with built-in material-changing water tank 10, the other end is connected with collection and arresting device 29.
Gas recovery system includes air accumulator 14, air accumulator 14 by risk mixed gas gathering line 16 and collect and
Arresting device 29 is connected, and risk mixed gas gathering line 16 is equipped with valve, and air accumulator 14 is filled equipped with overpressure protection
15 are set, which is safety relief valve.14 original state of air accumulator is negative pressure, when collection and 29 note of arresting device
When water submerged, the valve on risk mixed gas gathering line 16, which is opened, carries out gas sampling, the superpressure at 14 top of air accumulator
Protective device, when internal pressure is more than a threshold value, safety relief valve 21 is opened, and band deflation body will be directly discharged into containment, is prevented
Explosion.
Reactor fusant out-pile gaseous-waste holdup system of the invention, when the fusant in pressure vessel 01 is stagnant with early period from collecting
03 outflow of device 02 and melting plug is stayed, when melting 03 bottom temp peak signal of plug breaks through 1600 DEG C, cooling water is by stratiform spiral
The cooling pipe 22 of body bottom injects, and is acted on by primary gravity and later period Natural Circulation is extended from conveyor screw top and cooling son
System water delivery outlet line 12 flows out and flows back into liquid water again in built-in material-changing water tank 07 by condenser 08.Work as melting
After object and the effect of stratiform conveyor screw sacrificial layer are completed and extend and make thinner, cooling system work is quickly flooded, cooling is extended to comprehensively
The fusant of multilayer, while being collected by gas recovery system to rear issuable band deflation body is flooded, in gas sampling
When, keep risk mixed gas gathering line gas access not flood stifled.Fusant outflow during, fusant collect and
Early period arresting device 02 and the sacrificial concrete of 01 lower section of pressure vessel melt plug, one or many undertakings are sprayed by pressure vessel
The fusant up to hundred tons of magnitudes out, after abundant corrode melting is filled in, state is stablized, and temperature and fusing point reduce, mixture
It is collected by early period and arresting device flows out, fusant stops, after reaction a period of time in extension and cooling subsystem 04, by signal
Triggering is collected and arresting device waterline 11, valve opening, introduces cooling water by built-in material-changing water tank 10, water flow keeps expanding
Exhibition and cooling subsystem 04 flood, but are lower than 16 entrance of risk mixed gas gathering line, and the open and close of valve use
Water level signal feedback regulation.
Reactor core fusant out-pile gaseous-waste holdup system of the invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, those skilled in the art
It can derive other implementation manners according to the technical scheme of the present invention, also belong to the scope of the technical innovation of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of reactor fusant out-pile gaseous-waste holdup system, including collection and delay dress in reactor pit (28) bottom is arranged
(29) are set, the collection and arresting device (29) and reactor pit (28) are by setting at the top of collection and arresting device (29)
Melting plug (03) is connected, it is characterized in that: it is equipped with extension and cooling subsystem (04) in the collection and arresting device (29), it should
Extension and cooling subsystem (04) include extension and cooling subsystem main body, and the extension and cooling subsystem main body are plate spiral
Body, it is internal that more cooling pipes (22) are set, the both ends of the more cooling pipes (22) respectively with extend and cooling subsystem
System water delivery suction line (09) and extension are connected with cooling subsystem water delivery outlet line (12), and extension and cooling subsystem are defeated
It is connected between water inlet pipeline (09) and extension and cooling subsystem water delivery outlet line (12) by condenser (08).
2. a kind of reactor fusant out-pile gaseous-waste holdup system as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the plate conveyor screw is
More Material cladding structures comprising top sacrificial layer (17), bottom sacrificial layer (21) and setting in top sacrificial layer (17) and
Metal heat-conducting layer (19) between bottom sacrificial layer (21), the more cooling pipes (22) are arranged in metal heat-conducting layer (19)
It is interior.
3. a kind of reactor fusant out-pile gaseous-waste holdup system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the top sacrificial layer
(17) heat-resistant stable is equipped between metal heat-conducting layer (19) and between bottom sacrificial layer (21) and metal heat-conducting layer (19)
Layer (18,20).
4. a kind of reactor fusant out-pile gaseous-waste holdup system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: the plate conveyor screw is most
Upper layer is equipped with shock resistance catching device (25) close to the lower section of melting plug (03), and the shock resistance catching device (25) is to thicken
Sacrificial concrete platform, to one or many effective fusant for coming down in torrents after accepting melting plug failure.
5. a kind of reactor fusant out-pile gaseous-waste holdup system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: the plate conveyor screw is logical
The support device through the main center is crossed, which includes that setting is being collected and the bottom of arresting device (29)
Central support posts (26) and the more support rods (27) successively interted around central support posts (26) by spiral plate inclination layer, the branch
The other end insertion of strut is collected in (29) the four preset fixation hole of wall of arresting device.
6. a kind of reactor fusant out-pile gaseous-waste holdup system as described in any one in claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: the delay system
System further includes that fusant of the setting in reactor pit (28) bottom is collected and arresting device early period (02).
7. a kind of reactor fusant out-pile gaseous-waste holdup system as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: the melting plug (03)
Lower end is equipped with temperature-detecting device.
8. a kind of reactor fusant out-pile gaseous-waste holdup system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: the collection and delay dress
(29) are set equipped with gas recovery system, which includes that air accumulator (14) and the superpressure being arranged on air accumulator are protected
Protection unit (15).
9. a kind of reactor fusant out-pile gaseous-waste holdup system as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that: the extension and cooling son
Built-in material-changing water tank is additionally provided between system water delivery suction line (09) and extension and cooling subsystem water delivery outlet line (12)
(07)。
10. a kind of reactor fusant out-pile gaseous-waste holdup system as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that: the collection and stagnant
Staying device (29) includes the support exterior wall (05) in outside and the heat-insulated protection interior wall (06) of inside.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510920405.1A CN105551539B (en) | 2015-12-11 | 2015-12-11 | A kind of reactor fusant out-pile gaseous-waste holdup system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510920405.1A CN105551539B (en) | 2015-12-11 | 2015-12-11 | A kind of reactor fusant out-pile gaseous-waste holdup system |
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| CN105551539A CN105551539A (en) | 2016-05-04 |
| CN105551539B true CN105551539B (en) | 2019-10-29 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107218678A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-09-29 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | It is a kind of to strengthen the system of the aeration-cooling effect of radioactivity heater Dry storage |
| CN109346197B (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2020-01-31 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | double-barrier melt containment protection system |
| CN109273109B (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2020-01-31 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | type molten material containment vessel retention system |
| CN109346196B (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2022-04-15 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Active and passive cooling combined molten material in-pile retention system |
| CN110321641B (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2020-08-04 | 西安交通大学 | Melt and concrete interaction analysis method based on particle method |
| CN114141396B (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-08-30 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Reactor core melt cooling and collecting device |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1178029A (en) * | 1995-04-05 | 1998-04-01 | 西门子公司 | Device for catching melt-down products from a nuclear reactor pressure vessel |
| DE19653205C1 (en) * | 1996-12-19 | 1998-05-28 | Siemens Ag | Nuclear reactor melt-down interceptor with natural, indirect cooling system |
| CN103165198A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2013-06-19 | 上海核工程研究设计院 | Large-scale passive pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant reactor core catcher with melt expansion room |
| JP2014190869A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2014-10-06 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Dispersion acceleration device for fused materials, and reactor containment vessel |
| CN103578580A (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2014-02-12 | 上海核工程研究设计院 | Device combining in-core and out-of-core dwelling of molten material of large-scale passive nuclear power plant |
| CN204315241U (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2015-05-06 | 国家核电技术有限公司 | Fused mass arresting device |
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