CN104051030B - Passive core melt trapping system - Google Patents
Passive core melt trapping system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104051030B CN104051030B CN201310421663.6A CN201310421663A CN104051030B CN 104051030 B CN104051030 B CN 104051030B CN 201310421663 A CN201310421663 A CN 201310421663A CN 104051030 B CN104051030 B CN 104051030B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
The invention relates to a passive core melt trapping system. The system includes a melt flow guiding device, a melt inclined retention guiding device and a melt accommodating device. The melt guiding device comprises: a flow guiding wall forming a container having a funnel structure; a flow guiding hole located in the bottom of the container; and a melting plug used for plugging the flow guiding hole and adapted to be melted in order to allow the flow of the core melt out of the flow guiding hole. The melt inclined retention guiding device comprises: an inclined flow guiding region; and a cooling water flow channel located below the inclined flow guiding region to cool the inclined flow guiding region, wherein one side of the inclined flow guiding region contacting with the core melt is provided with a flow guiding region sacrificial material layer. The inclined flow guiding region includes a plurality of vertical cooling water tubes connected with the cooling water channel, the plurality of vertical cooling water tubes are spaced apart from each other, and each of the vertical cooling water tubes extends to at least parts of the flow guiding material layer sacrificial material. The core melt flowing out from the flow guiding hole downward falls to one end of the inclined flow guiding region, and flows into the accommodating pool of the melt accommodating device along the inclined flow guiding region.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nuclear plant severe accident relieving technical field, more particularly to multiple extreme under the conditions of lead to heap
It is ensured that reactor core fused mass does not escape out containment or burn through permeates the non-energy on containment floor in the case of the major accident of core melting
Dynamic reactor core fused mass trapping system.
Background technology
Fukushima, Japan nuclear power plant in 2011, under the influence of multiple extreme condition, leads to station blackout to cause reactor core damage
Major accident, and create the damage sequence that a large amount of radioactive substances leak.After Fukushima accident, domestic and international nuclear facility
Authorities have had been increased to higher level for the prevention of major accident and the attention degree of mitigation strategy.
With the increase further of nuclear power station core power, the safety allowance deviateing critical heat flux density is very limited, and
The pressure vessel that the hot focus effect that uncertainty in view of fusion pool configuration and fusion pool lamination lead to is brought
There is very big uncertainty in the calculating of interior thermic load, the cooling capacity only relying on the outer cooling system of raising pressure vessel may no
Method meets reactor core melt retention (IVR) effectiveness and requires, thus continuing to apply reactor core melt retention (IVR) this serious thing
Therefore there is larger challenge or uncertainty in mitigation technique.
Content of the invention
For above-mentioned realistic problem, in severe accident relieving measure, need to fully combine passive long-term cooling reactor core
Using passive reactor core catcher (Core Catcher) system, the theory of fused mass, ensures that under major accident, reactor core fused mass is not
Effusion containment, a set of avoids a large amount of radioactive substances to leak, guarantee the mitigation strategy of nuclear plant safety to be formed.
For overcoming or alleviated by least one aspect of shortcoming of the prior art, the present invention is proposed.
According to the first aspect of the invention it is proposed that a kind of reactor core fused mass guiding device, including：Training wall, forms leakage
The container of bucket structure；Pod apertures, positioned at the bottom of container；Melting plug, for blocking described pod apertures, wherein：Described melting
Plug is suitable to be allowed reactor core fused mass to flow out pod apertures by described reactor core fused mass burn through.
Favourable, the surface contacting with reactor core fused mass of described training wall is provided with training wall sacrificial material layer, described
Training wall sacrificial material layer strengthens the mobility of reactor core fused mass with described reactor core fused mass by reacting.Further
, described training wall sacrificial material layer reduces the temperature of reactor core fused mass with described reactor core fused mass by reacting.
Optionally, described training wall sacrificial material layer is selected from one of following combined material：Fe2O3And SiO2；Al2O3With
SiO2；Fe2O3、Al2O3And SiO2；Fe and SiO2.
Optionally, described melting plug is selected from one of following combined material：Fe2O3And SiO2；Al2O3And SiO2；Fe2O3、
Al2O3And SiO2；Fe and SiO2.
According to another aspect of the invention, it is proposed that a kind of reactor pressure vessel assembly, including：Reactor pressure holds
Device；And it is arranged on above-mentioned reactor core fused mass guiding device immediately below reactor pressure vessel, wherein, described training wall
Gap between the outer wall of the bottom of inwall and described reactor pressure vessel forms reactor core fused mass receiving space.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention it is proposed that a kind of reactor core fused mass tilts to be detained guiding device, including：Inclination is led
Stream area, reactor core fused mass is suitable to flow to the other end based on gravity from the one end tilting guiding region；Cooling system, including cooling water
Case and chilled(cooling) water return (CWR), described cooling water tank has upper opening and lower openings, and described chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) is formed at described
Between upper opening and described lower openings, described chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) includes lower section positioned at described inclination guiding region to cool down
State the cooling water flow conduits of guiding region, wherein：The side that described inclination guiding region is contacted with described reactor core fused mass is provided with
Guiding region sacrificial material layer, described guiding region sacrificial material layer is strengthened reactor core and melts by being reacted with described reactor core fused mass
Melt the mobility of thing.
Favourable, described guiding region sacrificial material layer reduces reactor core melting with described reactor core fused mass by reacting
The temperature of thing.
Optionally, described guiding region sacrificial material layer is selected from one of following combined material：Fe2O3And SiO2；Al2O3With
SiO2；Fe2O3、Al2O3And SiO2；Fe and SiO2.
Optionally, described inclination guiding region includes described guiding region sacrificial material layer, porous material layer, described cooling current
Road, the three-decker that three's formation stacks gradually, and described cooling water flow conduits convey cooling water to described porous material layer.Enter one
Step is optional, and described reactor core fused mass tilts delay guiding device and also includes：Multiple vertical cooling water pipes, the plurality of vertically cold
But water pipe is spaced apart from each other, and each vertical cooling water pipe extended at least a portion of described guiding region sacrificial material layer,
A part of cooling water enters described vertical cooling water pipe from described cooling water flow conduits.Favourable, each vertical cooling water pipe
Upper end is provided with pipe close, and described pipe close is suitable to be melted by described reactor core fused mass.
Optionally, described pipe close is selected from one of following combined material：Fe2O3And SiO2；Al2O3And SiO2；Fe2O3、
Al2O3And SiO2；Fe and SiO2.
Described vertical cooling water pipe can be made up of MgO.
Optionally, above-mentioned reactor core fused mass tilts to be detained in guiding device, and the lower end of at least one vertical cooling water pipe is solid
Surely arrive described porous material layer, described a part of cooling water enters described from described cooling water flow conduits through described porous material layer
At least one vertical cooling water pipe.
Optionally, above-mentioned reactor core fused mass tilts to be detained in guiding device：At least one vertical cooling water pipe extended institute
State porous material layer and directly connect with described cooling water flow conduits and communicate.
Optionally, described porous material layer is made up of MgO.
Above-mentioned reactor core fused mass tilts delay guiding device and may also include：Cement basic layer, is arranged on described three-decker
Lower section；The protected material bed of material, is arranged between described cement basic layer and described three-decker, the wherein said protected material bed of material molten
Put the temperature that temperature is higher than described reactor core fused mass and the described protected material bed of material is hot non-conductor.Favourable, described protection
Material layer is by ZrO2Make.
According to another aspect of the invention it is proposed that a kind of reactor core fused mass storing apparatus, including：Pond；Accommodate pond, put
In described pond, described receiving pond is suitable to receive the reactor core fused mass from upstream；Surround the cold of the outer wall surface accommodating pond
But water water conservancy diversion runner, described cooling water water conservancy diversion runner has the water inlet positioned at the bottom of cooling water water conservancy diversion runner and is located at cold
But the steam collection portion on water water conservancy diversion runner top, described water inlet is communicated with described pond；Condensation chamber, described steam collection portion
Outlet is communicated with described condensation chamber；Reflux tank below described condensation chamber, enters described from the condensed water of condensation chamber
Reflux tank, the water of described reflux tank is controllably passed in described pond.
Optionally, described steam collection portion is arranged around the upper edge in described receiving pond, and the outlet of described steam collecting chamber
The side being located is higher than the side relative with described outlet.Optionally, the outlet of steam collection portion is communicated to by return flow line
Reflux tank；The steam being incorporated into reflux tank from return flow line is incorporated into condensation interior, cooling water water conservancy diversion stream by jet chimney
Excessive cooling water in road is back to reflux tank by described return flow line.
Optionally, described receiving pond also receives the cooling water from upstream；Described reactor core fused mass storing apparatus also include
Overflow pipe, the cooling water accommodating in pond is flowed in described pond by described overflow pipe.
Optionally, above-mentioned reactor core fused mass storing apparatus also include：Emergence compensating water case, described emergence compensating water case is controllably
The moisturizing into described reflux tank.Favourable, described condensation interior is provided with cooling coil, and the upper and lower ends mouth of cooling coil is equal
It is passed in described emergence compensating water case.
Further aspect according to the present invention it is proposed that a kind of passive reactor core fused mass trapping system, including：Above-mentioned heap
Core fused mass guiding device；Above-mentioned reactor core fused mass tilts to be detained guiding device；And above-mentioned reactor core fused mass accommodates dress
Put, wherein：The reactor core fused mass flowing out from pod apertures drops to described one end of guiding region；Reactor core fused mass inclines from described
Tiltedly the described other end of guiding region flows in described receiving pond.
Optionally, described reactor core fused mass storing apparatus also include emergence compensating water case, described emergence compensating water case controllably to
Moisturizing in described reflux tank.Optionally, described condensation interior is provided with cooling coil, and the upper and lower ends mouth of cooling coil is all logical
Enter in described emergence compensating water case.Favourable, described cooling water tank, described reflux tank, described condensation chamber are located in containment；
Described emergence compensating water case is located at outside described containment.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the passive reactor core fused mass trapping system according to one exemplary embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the enlarged local section of the part B of inclination guiding region of the passive reactor core fused mass trapping system in Fig. 1
Schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
1-2 describes the embodiment of the exemplary of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.It is pointed out that below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary it is intended to explain the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the claims.
In FIG, the passive reactor core fused mass being applied to nuclear power station according to one exemplary embodiment of the present invention
Trapping system is mainly made up of 5 subsystems：(1) reactor core fused mass flow guide system 1；(2) reactor core fused mass tilts to be detained water conservancy diversion
System 2；(3) reactor core fused mass accommodates cell system 3；(4) containment condensate return system 4；(5) emergency cooling water make-up system
5.
Reactor core fused mass flow guide system 1 is arranged on the underface of reactor pressure vessel 11, and its outward appearance is in by training wall shape
The funnelform container becoming, each wall in inside of training wall and bottom (if present) are equipped with for reducing reactor core fused mass 15
Temperature and the expendable material 12 strengthening reactor core fused mass 15 mobility.Reactor core fused mass flow guide system bottom lowest part offers leads
Discharge orifice 13 (pod apertures may occupy the whole bottom of described container), pod apertures 13 melting plug 14 closing.
Therefore, the present invention proposes a kind of reactor core fused mass guiding device, including：Training wall, forms the appearance of funnel structure
Device；Pod apertures 13, positioned at the bottom of container；Melting plug 14, for blocking described pod apertures, wherein：Described melting plug is suitable to
Allowed reactor core fused mass to flow out pod apertures by described reactor core fused mass burn through.
In the case of major accident, melting in reactor core, and pressure vessel 11 lost efficacy, and big amount temperature is up to about putting of 3000K
Penetrating property reactor core fused mass 15 drops from pressure vessel 11 low head, is gathered in the reactor core fused mass water conservancy diversion system of pressure vessel 11 bottom
Unite 1 bottom.Before expendable material 12 and melting plug 14 ablation that reactor core fused mass 15 does not make within fused mass retention device, reactor core
Fused mass 15 can effectively be collected；With being on the increase of reactor core fused mass 15, reactor core fused mass is led by liberated heat
The melting plug 14 of streaming system 1 bottom melts.Melting plug 14 burn throughs after, reactor core melt 15 things through pod apertures 13 gravity effect
Under fall into lower area, the reactor core fused mass that refers to below tilts to be detained on the inclination guiding region of flow guide system 2.
The present invention passes through setting expendable material and funnel-form flow-guiding structure in reactor core fused mass flow guide system, substantially reduces
The temperature of reactor core fused mass, enhances reactor core smelt flow so that reactor core fused mass is in reactor core fused mass water conservancy diversion simultaneously
After system bottom is assembled, burn through melting plug, fall into lower area under gravity, so can slow down fused mass to lower section
The impact of equipment is it is ensured that the safety of system.
However, it is desirable to it is noted that can also be not provided with expendable material 12 on the inwall of training wall, this equally can subtract
The impact to bottom device for the slow fused mass.Additionally, expendable material is by reacting with reactor core fused mass, because what reaction generated
Fluid contributes to reactor core smelt flow, thus increased the mobility of reactor core fused mass.Favourable or optional, expendable material
By reacting with reactor core fused mass, the temperature of reactor core fused mass can be reduced.
Expendable material is selected from one of following combined material：Fe2O3And SiO2；Al2O3And SiO2；Fe2O3、Al2O3With
SiO2；Fe and SiO2.
Manufacture melting plug and the material of the pipe close referring to below is selected from one of following combined material：Fe2O3With
SiO2；Al2O3And SiO2；Fe2O3、Al2O3And SiO2；Fe and SiO2, preferably Fe and SiO2Compositionss.
Referring to Fig. 1, present invention also proposes a kind of reactor pressure vessel assembly, including：Reactor pressure vessel 11；With
And it is arranged on above-mentioned reactor core fused mass guiding device immediately below reactor pressure vessel 11, wherein：Described training wall interior
Gap between the outer wall of the bottom of wall and described reactor pressure vessel 11 forms reactor core fused mass receiving space.
As shown in figs. 1-2, reactor core fused mass tilts to be detained flow guide system 2 and includes being arranged on guiding region A top
Fused mass arresting device and the inclination guiding region cooling water system connecting described fused mass arresting device.Wherein, fused mass is stagnant
Device is stayed to include being arranged on the sacrificial material layer 21 on device top, vertical cooling water pipe 22, porous material layer 23 and be arranged on
Tilt cooling water pipe 24 and the cement basic layer 25 of guiding region bottom.Tilt guiding region cooling water system to include being arranged on inclination water conservancy diversion
The cooling water pipe 24 of area bottom, the backflow water pipe 27 tilting guiding region bottom and the cooling water tank 28 connecting cooling water pipe.
On tilting the structure design being detained guiding region, tool vertical cooling water pipe 22 at regular intervals is taken to be evenly arranged
In the middle of sacrificial material layer 21, its underpart respectively is porous material layer 23, cooling water flow conduits 24, high temperature finishes and cement
Basic unit 25.Fall into the starting stage being detained to tilt guiding region in reactor core fused mass 15, in the sacrifice tilting guiding region surface layout
Material layer 21 is reacted with reactor core fused mass 15, on the one hand reduces the flowing velocity that reactor core fused mass 15 glides in inclined plane, another
Aspect absorbs the releasing heat of reactor core fused mass 15.Heat, by sacrificial material layer 21 conduction of heat to cooling water, tilts on stagnant area
There is certain density contrast in lower cooling water, by this produces driving force, promote cooling water to produce Natural Circulation, constantly cooling reactor core melts
Melt thing 15.With sacrificial material layer 21 and continuing that reactor core fused mass 15 reacts, when sacrificial material layer 21 thickness is down to certain value
Afterwards, the pipe close (not shown) on vertical cooling water pipe 22 top is melted by the reactor core fused mass 15 under the condition of high temperature, in cooling water pipe
The cooling water in portion is emerged from vertical cooling water pipe 22 top through high porosity materials layer (i.e. porous material layer) 23, carries out reactor core
The top cooling of fused mass 15.Vertical cooling water pipe 22 and high porosity materials layer 23 are all up to about the height of 3125K using fusing point
Heat transfer property MgO material is made, and tilts the melting that the gap between vertical cooling water pipe 22 on stagnant area can accommodate certain volume
Thing.High porosity materials layer 23 in the case of ensureing cooling effect moreover it is possible to when preventing upper pipeline integrity to be destroyed, in it
The specific gap structure in portion has the effect being detained reactor core fused mass 15 it is ensured that tilting the smooth of the cooling water pipe 24 of guiding region bottom
Logical it is ensured that cooling effect.It is equipped with fusing point between the cooling water pipe 24 tilting guiding region bottom and cement basic layer 25 to be up to about
The ZrO of the low heat conductivity energy of 2973K2Protection materials, prevent the anti-of reactor core fused mass 15 and cement basic layer 25 in extreme circumstances
Should, play protective barrier effect.
It is pointed out that the setting of vertical cooling water pipe 22 is only that preferably its pipe close is also preferred.Vertically cold
But water pipe 22 can be communicates directly to cooling water pipe 24, or by porous material layer 23 indirect communication to cooling water pipe 24.Perpendicular
Can change according to actual needs to the development length of cooling water pipe 22.
Therefore, the invention allows for a kind of reactor core fused mass tilts to be detained guiding device, including：Tilt guiding region A, heap
Core fused mass is suitable to flow to the other end based on gravity from the one end tilting guiding region；Cooling system, including cooling water tank 28 with
And chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) (corresponding to cooling water pipe 24 and backflow water pipe 27), described cooling water tank has upper opening a and bottom
Opening b, described chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) is formed between described upper opening and described lower openings, and described chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) includes position
In the cooling water flow conduits (i.e. cold water water pipe 24) to cool down described inclination guiding region for the lower section of described inclination guiding region, wherein：Institute
State the side that contacts with described reactor core fused mass of guiding region and be provided with guiding region sacrificial material layer (corresponding to expendable material
21), described guiding region sacrificial material layer strengthens the flowing of reactor core fused mass with described reactor core fused mass 15 by reacting
Property.Optionally, described inclination guiding region includes described guiding region sacrificial material layer, porous material layer 23, described cooling water flow conduits,
The three-decker that three's formation stacks gradually, and described cooling water flow conduits convey cooling water to described porous material layer.Optionally,
Reactor core fused mass tilts delay guiding device and also includes multiple vertical cooling water pipes 22, and the plurality of vertical cooling water pipe 22 is each other
It is spaced apart, and each vertical cooling water pipe extended at least a portion of described guiding region sacrificial material layer, part cooling
Water enters described vertical cooling water pipe from described cooling water flow conduits.The upper end of each vertical cooling water pipe can be provided with pipe close,
Described pipe close is suitable to be melted by described reactor core fused mass.
Reactor core fused mass accommodates cell system 3 key component and accommodates pond 31 for reactor core fused mass, and its inwall surrounding is ball
Scarce shape, bottom is plane or inclined plane or ellipsoid, and outer wall surrounding is provided with cooling water water conservancy diversion runner 32, cooling water water conservancy diversion runner
32 bottoms central authorities are provided with cooling water inlet 33.Accommodate pond bottom cooling system be provided with higher than receiving at the bottom of pond portion lowest part
Condensate return case 34, connection condensate return case 34 and reactor core fused mass accommodate the gravity water filling water conservancy diversion pipeline 35 of pond 31 bottom
And on-off valve 39, cincture contain reactor core fused mass and accommodate the water conservancy diversion heat transfer zone 36 in pond, are used for carrying out reactor core fused mass receiving pond
The overflow pipe 37 of top cooling and the reflux 38 being easy to steam discharge and excessive cooling water backflow.
It is approximate spheroid that reactor core accommodates pond 31, can accommodate the reactor core fused mass 15 of about residual volume.Condensate return case
34 bottoms accommodating pond 31 with reactor core communicate, and when there is major accident situation, the valve 39 of condensate return case 34 bottom receives
Open to trigger, cooling water flows along gravity water filling water conservancy diversion pipeline 35 and surrounds reactor core receiving pond 31.Reactor core accommodates pond 31
Double-layer epispores structure, has certain gap between outer wall, in the presence of reactor core fused mass 15 heat, cooling water water conservancy diversion runner 32
Water be heated and become vapor and move upwards, promote Natural Circulation constantly to produce.Reactor core accommodates pond 31 right part setting steam
Accumulation regions, steam flow to containment condensate return system 4 by reflux pipeline 38.When reactor core accommodates the water of pond 31 outer wall
When position is too high, cooling water passes through to flow to condensate return case 34 together with reflux 38 with steam.Tilt from reactor core fused mass
The cooling water of delay flow guide system 2 can flood the reactor core fused mass 15 within reactor core receiving pond 31, carries out the top of fused mass
Cooling, unnecessary cooling water can be returned in water conservancy diversion heat transfer zone 36 by overflow pipe 37.
There is condenser coil 41 in the top layout of condensate return case, on the one hand condensation carrys out the steaming that reactor core accommodates pond 31 outer wall
Vapour is circulated cooling so as to being changed into liquid from gaseous state and again flowing to condensate return case 34, on the other hand, condenses containment 6
The steam that other cooling devices internal produce, reduces the pressure within containment, prevent containment superpressure it is ensured that containment complete
Whole property.
The present invention combines stagnant area and the mode of receiving cell system combination is detained reactor core fused mass, and effectively utilizes are each cold
But the bearing capacity of system, reduces fused mass cooling expanding area, reduces Construction of Nuclear Electricity cost.
Therefore, the invention allows for a kind of reactor core fused mass storing apparatus, including：Pond is (corresponding to above-mentioned water conservancy diversion
Heat transfer zone 36)；Accommodate pond 31, be placed in described pond, described receiving pond is suitable to receive from upstream (i.e. reactor core fused mass inclination
Be detained guiding device inclination guiding region) reactor core fused mass；Surround the cooling water water conservancy diversion runner 32 of the outer wall surface accommodating pond,
Described cooling water water conservancy diversion runner 32 has water inlet positioned at the bottom of cooling water water conservancy diversion runner 32 (corresponding to cooling water inlet
33) the steam collection portion and positioned at cooling water water conservancy diversion runner top, described water inlet is communicated with described pond；Condensation chamber is (i.e.
The space that in Fig. 1, cooling coil 41 is located), the outlet of described steam collection portion is communicated with described condensation chamber；Positioned at described condensation
Reflux tank 34 below room, the condensed water from condensation chamber enters described reflux tank 34, and the water of described reflux tank 34 can
It is passed in described pond to control.Reactor core fused mass storing apparatus may also include emergence compensating water case 51, described emergence compensating water case 51
Controllably to moisturizing in described reflux tank.Favourable, described condensation interior is provided with cooling coil 41, cooling coil upper and lower
Two-port is all passed in described emergence compensating water case.
Containment condensate return system 4 include being arranged on condensate return case 34 top for cooling down in containment 6
The cooling coil 41 of portion's steam and reduction containment 6 internal pressure, steam water conservancy diversion pipeline 42, condensate return line 43.This
Bright setting condenser coil, the high temperature and high pressure steam within effectively condensing containment inside containment, prevents containment overtemperature from surpassing
Pressure, it is ensured that the integrity of containment, can the cooling medium limited to containment inside fully recycle simultaneously, discharges molten in time
Melt thing heat, reduce melt temperature to the full extent.
Emergency cooling water make-up system 5 includes being arranged on the outside large-scale emergence compensating water case 51 of containment, connects in containment 6
The pipeline 52 of the outside large-scale emergence compensating water case 51 of the cooling coil 41 in portion and containment 6, connect outside reflux tank 34 and containment 6
The emergence compensating water pipeline 53 of portion's large-scale emergence compensating water case 51 and the valve 54 of control system pipeline break-make.The present invention is in containment
The large-scale cooling water tank of outside setting, on the one hand the cooling coil offer low-temperature receiver within containment, on the other hand catches as reactor core
The emergence compensating water device of storage.When needing human intervention, external water can be thrown in using helicopter, fire fighting truck and extraneous water pump etc.
Source, is injected in reactor core trapping system it is ensured that the cooling effect of reactor core fused mass by water conservancy diversion pipeline.
To sum up, as shown in fig. 1, the present invention proposes a kind of passive reactor core fused mass trapping system, including：Above-mentioned
Reactor core fused mass guiding device (corresponding to reactor core fused mass flow guide system 1)；Above-mentioned reactor core fused mass tilts to be detained water conservancy diversion dress
Put (tilting to be detained flow guide system 2 corresponding to reactor core fused mass)；And above-mentioned reactor core fused mass storing apparatus are (corresponding to above-mentioned
Reactor core fused mass accommodate cell system 3, containment condensate return system 4 and emergency cooling water make-up system 5), wherein：From
The reactor core fused mass that pod apertures flow out drops to described one end of guiding region；Reactor core fused mass is from described inclination guiding region
The described other end flows in described receiving pond.
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, permissible
Understand and these embodiments can be changed without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.The applicable model of the present invention
Enclose and be defined by the appended claims and the equivalents thereof.
Claims (16)
1. a kind of reactor core fused mass tilts to be detained guiding device, including：
Tilt guiding region, reactor core fused mass is suitable to flow to the other end based on gravity from the one end tilting guiding region；
Cooling system, including cooling water tank and chilled(cooling) water return (CWR), described cooling water tank has upper opening and lower openings, institute
State chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) to be formed between described upper opening and described lower openings, described chilled(cooling) water return (CWR) includes inclining positioned at described
The tiltedly cooling water flow conduits to cool down described inclination guiding region for the lower section of guiding region,
Wherein：
The side that described inclination guiding region is contacted with described reactor core fused mass is provided with guiding region sacrificial material layer, described guiding region
Sacrificial material layer strengthens the mobility of reactor core fused mass with described reactor core fused mass by reacting,
Described inclination guiding region includes described guiding region sacrificial material layer, porous material layer, described cooling water flow conduits, and three is formed
The three-decker stacking gradually, and described cooling water flow conduits convey cooling water to described porous material layer.
2. reactor core fused mass according to claim 1 tilts to be detained guiding device, wherein：
Described guiding region sacrificial material layer reduces the temperature of reactor core fused mass with described reactor core fused mass by reacting.
3. reactor core fused mass according to claim 1 tilts to be detained guiding device, wherein：
Described guiding region sacrificial material layer is selected from one of following combined material：
Fe2O3And SiO2；
Al2O3And SiO2；
Fe2O3、Al2O3And SiO2；
Fe and SiO2.
4. reactor core fused mass according to claim 1 tilts to be detained guiding device, also includes：
Multiple vertical cooling water pipes, the plurality of vertical cooling water pipe is spaced apart from each other, and each vertical cooling water pipe extends
Cross at least a portion of described guiding region sacrificial material layer, a part of cooling water enters described vertically cold from described cooling water flow conduits
But water pipe.
5. reactor core fused mass according to claim 4 tilts to be detained guiding device, wherein：
The upper end of each vertical cooling water pipe is provided with pipe close, and described pipe close is suitable to be melted by described reactor core fused mass.
6. reactor core fused mass according to claim 5 tilts to be detained guiding device, wherein：
Described pipe close is selected from one of following combined material：
Fe2O3And SiO2；
Al2O3And SiO2；
Fe2O3、Al2O3And SiO2；
Fe and SiO2.
7. reactor core fused mass according to claim 4 tilts to be detained guiding device, wherein：
Described vertical cooling water pipe is made up of MgO.
8. the reactor core fused mass according to any one of claim 4-7 tilts to be detained guiding device, wherein：
The lower end of at least one vertical cooling water pipe is fixed to described porous material layer, and described a part of cooling water is from described cooling
Water flow passage enters at least one vertical cooling water pipe described through described porous material layer.
9. the reactor core fused mass according to any one of claim 4-7 tilts to be detained guiding device, wherein：
At least one vertical cooling water pipe was extended described porous material layer and was directly connected with described cooling water flow conduits and communicate.
10. reactor core fused mass according to claim 1 tilts to be detained guiding device, wherein：
Described porous material layer is made up of MgO.
11. reactor core fused mass according to claim 1 tilt to be detained guiding device, also include：
Cement basic layer, is arranged on the lower section of described three-decker；
The protected material bed of material, is arranged between described cement basic layer and described three-decker, the fusing point of the wherein said protected material bed of material
The non-conductor that temperature is higher than the temperature of described reactor core fused mass and the described protected material bed of material is heat.
12. reactor core fused mass according to claim 11 tilt to be detained guiding device, wherein：
The described protected material bed of material is by ZrO2Make.
A kind of 13. passive reactor core fused mass trapping systems, including：
Reactor core fused mass guiding device, described reactor core fused mass guiding device includes training wall, pod apertures and melting plug；According to power
Profit requires the reactor core fused mass any one of 1-12 to tilt to be detained guiding device；And reactor core fused mass storing apparatus, institute
State reactor core fused mass storing apparatus to include pond, accommodate pond, cooling water flow-guiding channel, condensation chamber and reflux tank；
Wherein：
The reactor core fused mass flowing out from pod apertures drops to described one end of guiding region；
Reactor core fused mass flows in described receiving pond from the described other end of described inclination guiding region.
14. passive reactor core fused mass trapping systems according to claim 13, wherein：
Described reactor core fused mass storing apparatus also include emergence compensating water case, and described emergence compensating water case is controllably to described reflux tank
Interior moisturizing.
15. passive reactor core fused mass trapping systems according to claim 14, wherein：
Described condensation interior is provided with cooling coil, and the upper and lower ends mouth of cooling coil is all passed in described emergence compensating water case.
The 16. passive reactor core fused mass trapping systems according to claims 14 or 15, wherein：
Described cooling water tank, described reflux tank, described condensation chamber are located in containment；
Described emergence compensating water case is located at outside described containment.
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| CN105161145A (en) * | 2015-08-03 | 2015-12-16 | 上海核工程研究设计院 | Method for improving effectiveness of IVR (in-vessel retention) of melt |
| KR101657580B1 (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2016-09-21 | 한국수력원자력 주식회사 | Reactors insulating material having a core melt trap function |
| CN205104239U (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2016-03-23 | 中科华核电技术研究院有限公司 | Reactor core trap |
| CN105551538B (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2020-04-03 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Molten core catcher with function of guiding layered extension of molten material |
| CN105551537B (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2020-03-24 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Reactor core melt catcher capable of being forcedly spread in layered mode |
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