CN108550406B - Reactor core melt trapping device - Google Patents

Reactor core melt trapping device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108550406B
CN108550406B CN201810220118.3A CN201810220118A CN108550406B CN 108550406 B CN108550406 B CN 108550406B CN 201810220118 A CN201810220118 A CN 201810220118A CN 108550406 B CN108550406 B CN 108550406B
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catcher
chamber
trapping
cylinder
reactor
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CN108550406A (en
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邢继
荆春宁
宋代勇
元一单
韩旭
朱晨
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China Nuclear Power Engineering Co Ltd
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China Nuclear Power Engineering Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C9/00—Emergency protection arrangements structurally associated with the reactor, e.g. safety valves provided with pressure equalisation devices
    • G21C9/016—Core catchers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Structure Of Emergency Protection For Nuclear Reactors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a reactor core melt trapping device which comprises a trapping barrel in a crucible form for trapping reactor core melt, wherein the trapping barrel is positioned below a pressure vessel of a reactor, the pressure vessel of the reactor is arranged in a pit of the reactor, the bottom of the pit of the reactor is connected with an opening of the trapping barrel through a communication channel, the reactor core melt trapping device also comprises a first partition component, the first partition component partitions the trapping barrel into at least two trapping chambers which are sequentially sleeved from outside to inside, and an inlet of each trapping chamber is communicated with the opening of the trapping barrel. The collecting cylinder is divided into at least two collecting chambers which are sequentially sleeved from outside to inside by the first separating component under the severe nuclear accident working condition, so that the coolability of a melt is enhanced, the cooling efficiency of the melt is improved, the volume of the collecting device can be effectively reduced, the melt is cooled in a subarea mode, the post-accident treatment of a reactor is greatly simplified, and the irradiation dose borne by working personnel is effectively reduced.

Description

Reactor core melt trapping device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear power, and particularly relates to a reactor core melt trapping device.
Background
After a serious accident of a Sanriema and a Chernobeli nuclear power station, the nuclear power boundary starts to concentrate strength to research and attack the prevention and consequence alleviation of the serious accident, and various conclusions clearly define the requirements on the aspects of preventing and alleviating the serious accident, improving the safety and reliability, improving the human factor engineering and the like. When a pressurized water reactor nuclear power station has a serious accident, the loss of the waste heat discharging means of the reactor core can evaporate and exhaust the coolant, the reactor core is exposed and continuously heated, the fuel elements are melted due to the loss of cooling, the molten reactor core falls into the lower cavity of the pressure vessel (RPV), the lower seal head of the pressure vessel is failed, and if effective measures cannot be taken to cool the pressure vessel, the molten reactor core can melt through the pressure vessel. After the pressure vessel is melted through, the melt is directly sprayed onto the raft foundation of the containment vessel to interact with structural concrete (MCCI), the raft foundation of the containment vessel is gradually eroded downwards at a higher speed within a certain time, if the thickness of the raft foundation is insufficient, the bottom plate can be melted through, the integrity of the containment vessel is damaged, and then radioactive substances directly enter soil to cause serious influence on the environment. To avoid the release of large-scale radioactive materials by the core melt, the associated design of the core catcher has gradually emerged. At present, aiming at serious accidents, the cooling and collecting strategies of the reactor core melt can be mainly divided into two strategies: cooling and holding (IVR) of the melt in the pressure vessel, adopted in the model AP1000 design in the united states; outside pressure vessel smelt cooling and collection (EVR) was employed in the WWER1000 model in russia and the EPR model in france. The WWER1000 model adopts a 'crucible' type reactor core catcher, which is an independent container structure positioned at the lower part of a pressure container and mainly comprises a lower bottom plate, sacrificial materials and a fan-shaped heat exchanger. The EPR type adopts "spreading" formula reactor core catcher, and under the severe accident condition, the reactor core forms flowable liquid melt, directly flows into the reactor pit, and the melt reacts with pit sacrificial concrete under the high temperature effect, melts sacrificial concrete gradually, reaches the function of primary cooling, collection melt.
Regarding the research of the reactor core catcher, the foreign starting is early, and related patents are more, such as: a Core catcher for nuclear reactor Core meltdown containment (US4113560), a patent of american university of massachusetts in 1978, which can be considered as a design prototype of EVR; french atomic energy agency, corecather device (US4280872), a patent in 1981, which raised the EVR technology to the level of engineering application; the 1982 patent, Molten core catcher and containing heat removal system (US4342621) proposed the use of heat pipe technology for EVR; the United states department of energy, patent 1983, Combination pipe task terminator and in-vessel core catcher (US4412969), first proposed the concept of IVR; also relevant are retrofitable Nuclear reactor Core capturer (US4442065), Nuclear reactor ordered with a Core capturer (US5263066), Nuclear reactor encapsulation with an access capturer device and method for the extraction of the filter by natural circulation (US 5343506), Core reactor encapsulation by heat pipe (US6353651), Core reactor coating (US7558360), Core reactor, and reactor heating of reaction vessel and production method (US8358732), and the like. The research on the reactor core catcher in China is gradually increased after the WWER nuclear power system is introduced from Russia, and a series of patents are formed after the U.S. AP1000 nuclear power technology is introduced, such as: a patent applied in our country in russia 2007, namely an EVR scheme of WWER, a damaged liner positioning and cooling system (CN200410031091.1) of LWR nuclear reactors; a patent technology formed in the WWER construction process in 2010 by twenty-three construction Limited company in the mesonuclear industry, namely a method for installing a reactor core catcher of a nuclear power station (CN 201010529073.1); korean patent No. 2010, core catcher with integrated cooling channel (CN201080068588.4), which is mainly aimed at cooling of melt cover floor; the reactor core catcher of the large passive pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant (CN201310005308.0) with a melt expansion chamber, a device (CN201310264749.2) combining the melt in-reactor and out-reactor detention of the large passive pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant, a device (CN201320007203.4) combining the melt in-reactor and out-reactor detention of the large passive pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant with the melt expansion chamber, a device (CN201320347 007347.X) combining the melt in-reactor and out-reactor detention of the large passive pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant, and a reactor core catcher (CN 201201320007522) with the water injection superposition external cooling at the bottom are introduced by Shanghai and engineering research and design institute in AP 1000.
In the prior art, when a nuclear accident occurs, the melt flows into the reactor core catcher, and the cooling efficiency of the reactor core catcher is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art, and provides a reactor core melt trapping device, wherein a trapping cylinder is divided into at least two trapping chambers which are sequentially sleeved from outside to inside by a first separating assembly, and the trapping chambers enhance the coolability of the melt, so that the melt is retained in the reactor core trapping device, and the cooling efficiency is improved.
The reactor core melt trapping device comprises a trapping cylinder body in a crucible form for trapping the reactor core melt, and is positioned below a pressure vessel of a reactor, the pressure vessel of the reactor is arranged in a pit of the reactor, the bottom of the pit of the reactor is connected with an opening of the trapping cylinder body through a communication channel, the reactor core melt trapping device further comprises a first partition component, the first partition component partitions the trapping cylinder body into at least two trapping chambers which are sequentially sleeved from outside to inside, and an inlet of each trapping chamber is communicated with the opening of the trapping cylinder body.
Preferably, the orthographic view of the opening of the communication channel towards one end of the collection cylinder is within the orthographic view of the inlet of the collection chamber closest to the central axis of the collection cylinder.
Preferably, the molten core catcher further includes a second partition member that partitions the catcher chamber closest to the central axis of the catcher cylinder into inner catcher chambers, the inner catcher chambers are located at the bottom of the catcher chamber closest to the central axis of the catcher cylinder, the top wall of the inner catcher chambers is provided with inlets of the inner catcher chambers, and the inlets of the inner catcher chambers communicate with the inlet of the catcher chamber closest to the central axis of the catcher cylinder.
Preferably, the inner trapping chamber covers the bottom of the trapping chamber closest to the central axis of the trapping cylinder.
Preferably, the orthographic view of the inner collection chamber is centered on the orthographic view of the collection chamber closest to the central axis of the collection cylinder.
Preferably, the level of the inlet of the inner trapping chamber is located at: the elevation of the liquid level corresponding to the retention amount of the molten core melt of 100% is 20-30%, and the elevation of the inlet of the collecting cavity closest to the inner wall of the collecting cylinder body is located as follows: and 90-95% of the liquid level elevation corresponding to the 100% reactor core melt retention, wherein the 100% reactor core melt retention is the total amount of fuel assemblies and reactor internals of the pressure vessel of the reactor and the sacrificial concrete in the pit of the reactor.
Preferably, the molten core catcher further includes a protective cover disposed outside the inner catching chamber, the protective cover separating an inlet of the inner catching chamber from an inlet of the catching chamber closest to a central axis of the catching cylinder.
Preferably, the inlet of the inner trapping chamber is sealed by a first isolating plug, and the first isolating plug is made of one or more of ceramics, ceramic matrix composite materials and high-temperature-resistant alloys.
Preferably, the molten core catcher further comprises a third partition assembly, the third partition assembly partitions the inner catching chamber into at least two sub inner catching chambers, inlets of the sub inner catching chambers are arranged on the sub inner catching chambers, and the inlets of the sub inner catching chambers are communicated with the inlet of the catching chamber closest to the central axis of the catching cylinder.
Preferably, the first separating component separates the trapping cylinder into two trapping chambers which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, and the two trapping chambers are respectively a first trapping chamber and a second trapping chamber, the first separating component is sleeved in the trapping cylinder, the first trapping chamber is positioned in a gap between the outer wall of the first separating component and the inner wall of the trapping cylinder, and the second trapping chamber is positioned in a space surrounded by the inner wall of the first separating component and is positioned above the lowest point of the first trapping chamber.
Preferably, the volume of the first trapping chamber is 5-15% of the volume of the trapping cylinder; the volume of the second trapping chamber is 70-80% of the volume of the trapping cylinder.
Preferably, the inlet of the trapping chamber closest to the inner wall of the trapping cylinder body is closed by a second isolating plug, and the second isolating plug is made of one or more of ceramics, ceramic matrix composite materials and high-temperature-resistant alloys.
Preferably, the inlet of the collection chamber closest to the cylindrical wall of the collection cylinder is disposed at the top of the collection chamber closest to the cylindrical wall of the collection cylinder.
Preferably, the core melt catcher further comprises a fourth partition assembly, the fourth partition assembly divides at least one catching chamber into at least two sub-catching chambers, inlets of the sub-catching chambers are arranged on the sub-catching chambers, and the inlets of the sub-catching chambers are communicated with the opening of the catching cylinder.
Preferably, the first separating component is made of one or more of ceramics, ceramic matrix composite materials and high-temperature-resistant alloys;
the second separating component is made of one or more of ceramics, ceramic matrix composite materials and high-temperature-resistant alloys;
the third separating component is made of one or more of ceramics, ceramic matrix composite materials and high-temperature-resistant alloys;
the fourth separating component is made of one or more of ceramics, ceramic matrix composite materials and high-temperature resistant alloys.
Aiming at the working condition of severe nuclear accidents, the reactor core melt trapping device divides the trapping cylinder into at least two trapping chambers which are sequentially sleeved from outside to inside through the first separating component, and the multiple trapping chambers enhance the coolability of melts, so that the melts are retained in the reactor core trapping device. The invention has the following advantages: (1) the first separating assembly divides a large amount of reactor core melt into a plurality of small blocks, so that the gathering effect of the reactor core melt is weakened, and the coolability and the cooling efficiency of the reactor core melt are improved; (2) the coolability of the trapping cavity partitions to the reactor core melt is improved, the volume of the reactor core melt trapping device can be effectively reduced, and the adaptability of the reactor core melt trapping device to various power plants is improved; (3) the reactor core melt is cooled in a subarea mode, the post-accident treatment of the reactor is greatly simplified, and the irradiation dose borne by workers is effectively reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a molten core catcher in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a molten core catcher in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional view of a molten core catcher in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an operational principle diagram of the molten core catcher in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the first trapping chamber and the first partition member in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the inner collection chamber and the second partition member in example 2 of the invention.
In the figure: 1-trapping cylinder body; 2-a first partitioning component; 3-a first trapping chamber; 4-a second capture chamber; 5-the pressure vessel of the reactor; 6-a reactor pit; 7-opening of the trapping cylinder; 8-a communication channel; 9-the inlet of the first trapping chamber; 10-an inlet of a second capture chamber; 11-a second partitioning component; 12-an inner trapping chamber; 13-the inlet of the inner trapping chamber; 14-a drainage tube; 15-a second isolating plug; a 16-oxide melt layer; 17-a layer of light metal melt; 18-a cooling water pool; 19-heavy metal melt layer; 20-a protective cover; 21-a first isolating plug; 22-a sub-inner trapping chamber; 23-an inlet of the sub-inner trapping chamber; 24-a sub-trapping chamber; 25-inlet of sub-trapping chamber.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a molten core catcher, which includes a catching cylinder 1 in the form of a crucible for catching molten core, and is located below a pressure vessel of a reactor, the pressure vessel of the reactor is disposed in a pit of the reactor, the bottom of the pit of the reactor is connected to an opening of the catching cylinder through a communication channel, the molten core catcher further includes a first partition assembly 2, the first partition assembly 2 partitions the catching cylinder 1 into at least two catching chambers sequentially nested from outside to inside, and an inlet of the catching chamber is communicated with an opening 7 of the catching cylinder.
Specifically, the first separating component 2 separates the collecting cylinder 1 into two collecting chambers which are respectively a first collecting chamber 3 and a second collecting chamber 4 and are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, the first separating component 2 is sleeved in the collecting cylinder 1, the first collecting chamber 3 is positioned in a gap between the outer wall of the first separating component 2 and the inner wall of the collecting cylinder 1, and the second collecting chamber 4 is positioned in a space surrounded by the inner wall of the first separating component 2 and is positioned above the lowest point of the first collecting chamber 3.
Of course, the first partition assembly 2 can also partition the trap cylinder 1 into more than two trap chambers.
Aiming at the working condition of severe nuclear accident, the reactor core melt trapping device in the embodiment divides the trapping cylinder body 1 into at least two trapping chambers which are sequentially sleeved from outside to inside through the first separating component 2, and the multiple trapping chambers enhance the coolability of the melt, so that the melt is retained in the reactor core trapping device. The embodiment has the following advantages: (1) the first separation component 2 divides a large amount of reactor core melt into a plurality of small blocks, so that the gathering effect of the reactor core melt is weakened, and the coolability and the cooling efficiency of the reactor core melt are improved; (2) the coolability of the trapping cavity partitions to the reactor core melt is improved, the volume of the reactor core melt trapping device can be effectively reduced, and the adaptability of the reactor core melt trapping device to various power plants is improved; (3) the reactor core melt is cooled in a subarea mode, the post-accident treatment of the reactor is greatly simplified, and the irradiation dose borne by workers is effectively reduced.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2 to 6, the present embodiment provides a molten core catcher, including a catching cylinder 1 in the form of a crucible for catching molten core, located below a pressure vessel 5 of a reactor, the pressure vessel 5 of the reactor being disposed in a pit 6 of the reactor, the bottom of the pit 6 of the reactor being connected to an opening 7 of the catching cylinder through a communication channel 8, the molten core catcher further including a first partition assembly 2, the first partition assembly 2 partitioning the catching cylinder 1 into at least two catching chambers sequentially nested from outside to inside, an inlet of the catching chamber being communicated with the opening 7 of the catching cylinder.
Specifically, the first separating component 2 separates the collecting cylinder 1 into two collecting chambers which are respectively a first collecting chamber 3 and a second collecting chamber 4 and are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, the first separating component 2 is sleeved in the collecting cylinder 1, the first collecting chamber 3 is positioned in a gap between the outer wall of the first separating component 2 and the inner wall of the collecting cylinder 1, and the second collecting chamber 4 is positioned in a space surrounded by the inner wall of the first separating component 2 and is positioned above the lowest point of the first collecting chamber 3. The inlet 9 of the first collection chamber communicates with the opening 7 of the collection cylinder, and the inlet 10 of the second collection chamber communicates with the opening 7 of the collection cylinder.
The volume of the first trapping chamber 3 is 5-15% of the volume of the trapping cylinder 1; the volume of the second trapping chamber 4 is 70-80% of the volume of the trapping cylinder 1. Specifically, the volume of the first trapping chamber 3 in this embodiment is 2 to 6 cubic meters, and the volume of the second trapping chamber 4 is 10 to 20 cubic meters.
The molten core catcher in this embodiment further includes a second partition member 11, the second partition member 11 partitions the catcher chamber closest to the central axis of the catcher cylinder 1 into an inner catcher chamber 12, the inner catcher chamber 12 is located at the bottom of the catcher chamber closest to the central axis of the catcher cylinder 1, an inlet 13 of the inner catcher chamber is provided in the top wall of the inner catcher chamber 12, and the inlet 13 of the inner catcher chamber communicates with the inlet of the catcher chamber closest to the central axis of the catcher cylinder 1.
Specifically, the first separating component 2 separates the trapping cylinder 1 into two trapping chambers which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, namely a first trapping chamber 3 and a second trapping chamber 4. In this embodiment, the trapping chamber closest to the inner wall of the trapping cylinder 1 is the first trapping chamber 3, and the trapping chamber closest to the central axis of the trapping cylinder 1 is the second trapping chamber 4. Specifically, the inner trapping chamber 12 in this embodiment covers the bottom of the second trapping chamber 4, and the orthographic view of the inner trapping chamber 12 is located at the center of the orthographic view of the second trapping chamber 4. Specifically, the inlet 13 of the inner trapping chamber in this embodiment is provided with a draft tube 14 for drainage.
Note that, in the present embodiment, the orthographic projection view of the opening of the communication passage 8 toward one end of the collection cylinder 1 is within the orthographic projection view of the inlet of the collection chamber closest to the central axis of the collection cylinder 1. Specifically, the orthographic projection view of the opening of the communication channel 8 towards one end of the trapping cylinder 1 is in the orthographic projection view of the inlet 10 of the second trapping chamber, and the purpose is that in severe nuclear accident conditions, the molten core in the pit 6 of the reactor directly flows into the second trapping chamber 4.
Preferably, the inlet of the trap chamber closest to the inner wall of the trap cylinder 1 is closed by a second isolating plug 15, and the second isolating plug 15 is made of ceramic (ZrO)2，Al2O3) One or more of ceramic matrix composite (SiC/SiC) and high temperature resistant alloy (W-Ni-Fe, W-Ta). Specifically, the inlet 9 of the first trap chamber in this embodiment is closed by the second isolating plug 15, and the material of the second isolating plug 15 is a high-temperature-resistant alloy (W-Ni-Fe).
Preferably, the level of the inlet 13 of the inner trapping chamber is located: the elevation of the liquid level corresponding to the retention amount of the molten core melt of 100 percent is 20-30 percent, and the elevation of the inlet of the collecting cavity closest to the inner wall of the collecting cylinder 1 is positioned as follows: and 90-95% of the liquid level elevation corresponding to the 100% reactor core melt retention, wherein the 100% reactor core melt retention is the total amount of fuel assemblies and internals of the pressure vessel 5 of the reactor and the sacrificial concrete in the pit 6 of the reactor. In particular, the level of the inlet 13 of the inner trapping chamber in this embodiment is located: 25% of the level elevation corresponding to the retention amount of the molten core melt at 100%, the level of the inlet of the collecting chamber closest to the inner wall of the collecting cylinder 1 is located at: the 100% core melt hold-up corresponds to 90% of its level elevation.
The molten core enters the communicating channel 8 from the bottom of the pit 6 of the reactor and then flows into the second trapping chamber 4, as shown in fig. 4, and then the relatively less dense molten light metal in the molten core floats above the relatively more dense molten oxide due to gravity, gradually forming a molten oxide layer 16 and a molten light metal layer 17 floating thereon. The inlet 9 of the first collection chamber is provided at 90% of the liquid level corresponding to 100% of the core melt retention amount, and the inlet 9 of the first collection chamber is provided in the light metal melt layer 17 at 100% of the core melt retention amount. When 100% core melt retention is reached in the trapping device, the light metal melt melts the second isolating plug 15 and enters the first trapping chamber 3, thereby weakening the focusing heat effect of the light metal melt layer 17 on the trapping cylinder 1. Because the first collecting chamber 3 is sleeved outside the second collecting chamber 4, the light metal melt in the first collecting chamber 3 is uniformly distributed near the inner wall of the collecting cylinder 1, the decay heat of the oxide melt can be effectively transferred to the cooling water in the cooling water tank 18 outside the collecting cylinder 1, and the effect of cooling the core melt is achieved.
Considering that a small amount of the heavy metal melt may exist in the core melt, the part of the heavy metal melt may be accumulated at the bottom of the trap barrel 1 having a low heat exchange limit. In the present embodiment, the inlet 13 of the inner collection chamber is provided at 25% of the height of the liquid level corresponding to 100% of the molten core retention amount, and the inlet 13 of the inner collection chamber is provided in the oxide melt layer 16 corresponding to 100% of the molten core retention amount. The oxidized melt can be made to enter the inner catching chamber 12 first, and a small amount of heavy metal melt is accumulated on the outer side of the upper part of the inner catching chamber 12 to form a heavy metal melt layer 19, so that the thermal threat of the heavy metal melt layer 19 to the bottom of the catching cylinder 1 is weakened.
The molten core catcher in this embodiment further includes a protective cover 20 disposed outside the inner catch chamber 12, and the protective cover 20 separates the inlet 13 of the inner catch chamber from the inlet of the catch chamber closest to the central axis of the catch barrel 1. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the inlet 10 of the second trapping chamber is provided at the top of the second trapping chamber 4, the inlet 13 of the inner trapping chamber is separated from the inlet 10 of the second trapping chamber by the protective cover 20, and the inlets 13 of the inner trapping chamber are respectively provided with the draft tubes 14 for draining.
Specifically, the protective cover 20 of the present embodiment is fixed to the first partitioning member 2 by the support mechanism, and at the initial stage of a nuclear accident, the protective cover 20 can protect the second partitioning member 11 in the molten core catcher, can protect the inner catching chamber 12 partitioned by the second partitioning member 11, and can protect the draft tube 14 provided at the inlet 13 of the inner catching chamber, thereby preventing the second partitioning member 11 from failing early due to the collision of various fragments during the nuclear accident.
Preferably, the inlet 13 of the inner trap chamber is closed by a first isolating plug 21, and the first isolating plug 21 is made of ceramic (ZrO)2，Al2O3) One or more of ceramic matrix composite (SiC/SiC) and high temperature resistant alloy (W-Ni-Fe, W-Ta). Specifically, the material of the first isolation plug 21 in this embodiment is a high temperature resistant alloy (W-Ni-Fe, W-Ta).
Preferably, the molten core catcher further includes a third partition assembly that partitions the inner catcher chamber 12 into at least two sub-inner catcher chambers 22, the sub-inner catcher chambers 22 are provided with inlets 23 of the sub-inner catcher chambers, and the inlets 23 of the sub-inner catcher chambers communicate with the inlet of the catcher chamber closest to the central axis of the catcher cylinder 1. It is noted that the third partition assembly in this embodiment divides the inner capture chamber 12 into more than two numbers of sub-capture chambers 24.
In the standby state of the molten core catcher, that is, in the state of no molten core inflow, the vacuum is maintained, and once the first isolation plug 21 and the second isolation plug 15 fail, the external molten core can rapidly enter each catching cavity of the molten core catcher under the action of the difference between the internal pressure and the external pressure, so as to achieve the preset purpose.
The inlet of the collection chamber closest to the cylindrical wall of the collection cylindrical body 1 is provided at the top of the collection chamber closest to the cylindrical wall of the collection cylindrical body 1. Specifically, the inlet 9 of the first trapping chamber is provided at the top of the first trapping chamber 3.
Preferably, the molten core catcher further comprises a fourth partition assembly, the fourth partition assembly divides at least one catcher chamber into at least two sub catcher chambers 24, the sub catcher chambers 24 are provided with inlets 25 of the sub catcher chambers, and the inlets 25 of the sub catcher chambers are communicated with the opening 7 of the catcher cylinder. Specifically, the fourth partition assembly in this embodiment partitions the first trapping chamber 3 into more than two sub-trapping chambers 24.
Preferably, the material of the first partition member 2 is ceramic (Zr)O2，Al2O3) One or more of ceramic matrix composite (SiC/SiC) and high temperature resistant alloy (W-Ni-Fe, W-Ta);
the second partition member 11 is made of ceramic (ZrO)2，Al2O3) One or more of ceramic matrix composite (SiC/SiC) and high temperature resistant alloy (W-Ni-Fe, W-Ta);
the third partition component is made of ceramic (ZrO)2，Al2O3) One or more of ceramic matrix composite (SiC/SiC) and high temperature resistant alloy (W-Ni-Fe, W-Ta);
the fourth partition component is made of ceramic (ZrO)2，Al2O3) One or more of ceramic matrix composite (SiC/SiC) and high temperature resistant alloy (W-Ni-Fe, W-Ta).
Specifically, the first partition member 2, the second partition member 11, the third partition member, and the fourth partition member in this embodiment are made of high temperature resistant alloy (W-Ni-Fe).
Aiming at the working condition of severe nuclear accident, the reactor core melt trapping device in the embodiment divides the trapping cylinder body 1 into at least two trapping chambers which are sequentially sleeved from outside to inside through the first separating component 2, and the multiple trapping chambers enhance the coolability of the melt, so that the melt is retained in the reactor core trapping device. The invention has the following advantages: (1) the first separation component 2 divides a large amount of reactor core melt into a plurality of small blocks, so that the gathering effect of the reactor core melt is weakened, and the coolability and the cooling efficiency of the reactor core melt are improved; (2) the coolability of the trapping cavity partitions to the reactor core melt is improved, the volume of the reactor core melt trapping device can be effectively reduced, and the adaptability of the reactor core melt trapping device to various power plants is improved; (3) the reactor core melt is cooled in a subarea mode, the post-accident treatment of the reactor is greatly simplified, and the irradiation dose borne by workers is effectively reduced.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides a molten core catcher, which is different from the molten core catcher in embodiment 2 in that: the level of the inlet of the inner trapping chamber in this example is located: the elevation of the inlet of the collecting chamber closest to the inner wall of the collecting cylinder is 20% of the elevation of the liquid level corresponding to the retention amount of the molten core melt of 100%: the 100% core melt hold-up corresponds to 95% of its level elevation.
Example 4
The present embodiment provides a molten core catcher, which is different from the molten core catcher in embodiment 2 in that: the height of the inlet of the inner trapping chamber in this embodiment is 30% of the height of the trapping cylinder; the height of the inlet of the first trapping chamber was 85% of the height of the trapping cylinder. The level of the inlet of the inner trapping chamber in this example is located: 30% of the level elevation of the core melt at 100% retention, the level of the inlet of the collection chamber closest to the inner wall of the collection cylinder being located at: 100% core melt hold-up corresponds to 92% of its level elevation.
It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments taken to illustrate the principles of the present invention, which is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (11)

1. The reactor core melt trapping device is characterized by further comprising a first separation component, wherein the first separation component separates the trapping cylinder into two trapping chambers which are sequentially sleeved from outside to inside, and the inlets of the trapping chambers are communicated with the openings of the trapping cylinder.
2. The core melt catcher device according to claim 1, wherein an orthographic view of an opening of the communication passage toward one end of the catcher cylinder is within an orthographic view of an inlet of the catcher chamber closest to a central axis of the catcher cylinder.
3. The core melt catcher according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a second partition member that partitions the catcher chamber closest to the central axis of the catcher cylinder into inner catcher chambers located at the bottom of the catcher chamber closest to the central axis of the catcher cylinder, wherein the top wall of the inner catcher chamber is provided with inlets of the inner catcher chambers, and the inlets of the inner catcher chambers communicate with the inlet of the catcher chamber closest to the central axis of the catcher cylinder.
4. The core smelt trap apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the elevation of the inlet of the inner trap chamber is located at: the elevation of the liquid level corresponding to the retention amount of the molten core melt of 100% is 20-30%, and the elevation of the inlet of the collecting cavity closest to the inner wall of the collecting cylinder body is located as follows: and 90-95% of the liquid level elevation corresponding to the 100% reactor core melt retention, wherein the 100% reactor core melt retention is the total amount of fuel assemblies and reactor internals of the pressure vessel of the reactor and the sacrificial concrete in the pit of the reactor.
5. The core melt catcher device according to claim 3, further comprising a protective cover disposed outside the inner catch chamber, the protective cover separating an inlet of the inner catch chamber from an inlet of the catch chamber closest to a central axis of the catch cylinder.
6. The core melt catcher as claimed in claim 3, wherein the inlet of the inner catcher chamber is closed by a first isolating plug, and the first isolating plug is made of one or more of ceramic, ceramic matrix composite and high temperature alloy.
7. The core melt catcher device according to claim 3, further comprising a third partition assembly dividing the inner catcher chamber into at least two sub-inner catcher chambers, wherein inlets of the sub-inner catcher chambers are provided to the sub-inner catcher chambers, and the inlets of the sub-inner catcher chambers communicate with the inlet of the catcher chamber closest to the central axis of the catcher cylinder.
8. The molten core catcher according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first partition member partitions the catcher cylinder into two catcher chambers, namely a first catcher chamber and a second catcher chamber, which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside, the first partition member is sleeved in the catcher cylinder, the first catcher chamber is located in a gap between the outer wall of the first partition member and the inner wall of the catcher cylinder, and the second catcher chamber is located in a space surrounded by the inner wall of the first partition member and is located above the lowest point of the first catcher chamber.
9. The core melt catcher according to claim 8, wherein the volume of the first catching chamber is 5-15% of the volume of the catching cylinder; the volume of the second trapping chamber is 70-80% of the volume of the trapping cylinder.
10. The molten core catcher according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inlet of the catcher chamber closest to the inner wall of the catcher barrel is closed by a second isolating plug made of one or more of ceramics, ceramic matrix composites and high temperature alloys.
11. The core melt catcher device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a fourth partition assembly dividing at least one catcher chamber into at least two sub catcher chambers, wherein inlets of the sub catcher chambers are provided on the sub catcher chambers, and the inlets of the sub catcher chambers communicate with the opening of the catcher barrel.
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