CN105546546A - Harmless classification-free solid waste splitting decomposition device and splitting decomposition method - Google Patents
Harmless classification-free solid waste splitting decomposition device and splitting decomposition method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105546546A CN105546546A CN201511031592.4A CN201511031592A CN105546546A CN 105546546 A CN105546546 A CN 105546546A CN 201511031592 A CN201511031592 A CN 201511031592A CN 105546546 A CN105546546 A CN 105546546A
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- cracking
- solid waste
- gas
- splitting decomposition
- combustion chamber
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/30—Pyrolysing
- F23G2201/303—Burning pyrogases
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a harmless classification-free solid waste splitting decomposition device and splitting decomposition method. The splitting decomposition device comprises a feeding segment, a splitting decomposition device body and a discharging segment which are sequentially connected. The device comprises a bracket penetrating the feeding segment, the splitting decomposition device body and the discharging segment, and transmission rollers installed on the two sides of the bracket. The transmission rollers are meshed with a chain. A transmission motor drives chain wheels to rotate. The chain wheels drive the chain meshed with the chain wheels so that the transmission rollers can be driven to rotate. The splitting decomposition device body is a furnace body and is a closed space. A splitting decomposition chamber and a combusting chamber are arranged in the furnace body. The outer side of the portion, where the combustion chamber is located, of the furnace body is provided with a combustor, and a combustion gas outlet is led into the combustion chamber. A plurality of overheat steam pipelines are arranged in the splitting decomposition chamber. Overheat steam is led into the splitting decomposition chamber. An oil and gas inner pipeline is arranged on the top of the splitting decomposition chamber and is connected into a catalytic agent generator on the top of the splitting decomposition chamber. An outlet of the catalytic agent generator is connected with an oil and gas outer pipeline. Organic matter in waste is completely processed through high-temperature anaerobic splitting decomposition, the resource conversion rate is high, and waste is processed in a harmless, reduced and resourceful manner.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of solid waste treating technology, be specifically related to a kind of innoxiously exempt from classification solid waste cracking apparatus and cleavage method.
Background technology
At present, domestic disposal of refuse adopts the methods such as landfill, burning, cracking, and domestic existing its limitation of garbage cracking many employings rotary kiln type cracking apparatus is:
Rotary kiln can make rubbish advance with rotary kiln, but whole service process entails is pulverized and processed rubbish.
The fragmentation of rubbish needs heavy-duty motor, and the consumption of electric energy is very high, and this is for requiring garbage disposal cost, and the requirement that guarantee garbage disposal industry progressively breaks away from government subsidy differs greatly.
Equipment characteristic requires that rubbish carries out sorting in advance, and due to the uncertainty of rubbish, disintegrating machine can not be satisfied with in rubbish and there is band large-scale metal implements and large-scale stone.This kind equipment is often difficult to because being mixed into the machine halt trouble that broken material causes swinging pyrolysis furnace in cracking process, and equipment itself belongs to the comparatively large equipment that consumes energy, and the loss of once shutting down is larger.Secondly treatment of urban garbage does not allow downtime too of a specified duration, and therefore this kind equipment does not have extensive use at home.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides and a kind of innoxiously exempt from classification solid waste cracking apparatus, high temperature anaerobic cracking, processed completely by the organic matter in rubbish, resource conversion rate is high, realizes innoxious, minimizing and the recycling treatment of rubbish.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: of the present inventionly innoxiously exempt from classification solid waste cracking apparatus, comprises the material loading section, cracking apparatus and the blanking section that connect successively; Equipment comprises the bracket running through material loading section, cracking apparatus and blanking section, is arranged on the live-roller of bracket both sides, live-roller and chain engagement, and driving motor drive sprocket rotates, and sprocket wheel drives the chain drive live-roller be engaged with to rotate;
Live-roller places charging basket, and place solid waste in charging basket, charging basket can move along material loading section, cracking apparatus and blanking section;
Cracking apparatus main body is body of heater, and the body of heater of connection material loading section and blanking section both sides arranges movable hermatic door, and the furnace wall, both sides extended along material loading section, blanking section and roof, hermatic door form a confined space; Arrange cracking room and combustion chamber in body of heater, cracking room is placed in above combustion chamber, install combustion device outside the body of heater of place, combustion chamber, and its burned gas outlet passes into combustion chamber; Some superheat steam pipelines are set in cracking room, external overheated gas generating means passes into superheated steam by superheat steam pipeline in cracking room, cracking room top arranges pipeline in oil gas, in oil gas, pipeline accesses in the catalyst generator at cracking room top, and catalyst generator exports connects the outer pipeline of oil gas.
In such scheme, body of heater has shell body, inner housing and is filled in the lightweight alumina silicate fibre layer between inside and outside housing, lightweight alumina silicate fibre layer thickness 200mm; Inner housing, cracking room, combustion chamber material of main part select heat-resistance stainless steel.
Bracket is by S30408 shaped steel seam skeleton.3 charging baskets are put on bracket, each charging basket dead weight 4.5 tons.Charging basket appearance and size: long 3 meters wide 1.5 meters high 1 meter.Bottom hopper and shirt rim, bottom adopts 2mmS30408 Plate Welding.All the other adopt 1mm punching screen cloth to make, and additional ∠ 60X60 angle steel does skeleton, is provided with blowing active plugboard bottom hopper, can continuous operation after adding device for discharging.The whole material of charging basket: S30408 stainless steel.
3 charging baskets connections are positioned on bracket, and bracket and charging basket are put on live-roller.Drive live-roller to be sent to by material by the transmission of the outer sprocket wheel chain of stove or send outside stove.The stopping means of charging basket is established in stove.Charging basket, bracket, live-roller all adopt S30408 material.
Combustion chamber and cracking room are set in body of heater.Cracking room squarely, the body of heater of the above thickness in bottom and bottom within 1000 millimeters, uses material resistant material 06Cr25Ni20, the use resistant material 1Cr18Ni9Ti of thickness more than 1000 millimeters.Ensure that it can work long hours in the temperature of about 1000 DEG C, two kinds of resistant materials ensure that the cracked gas that solid waste cracking produces can not fast erosion cracking room.The sealing of overall cracking room is guaranteed by integral solder.
Hermatic door body adopts equally in the middle of 06Cr18Ni11Ti and uses high-quality Q235 shaped steel welding integral skeleton outside use 06Cr19Ni10.Inside hermatic door, steel plate material selects S32168, outside plate material selection Q235-A, central filler high-quality lightweight alumina silicate.Two ends hermatic door 4 weeks high temperature silicone rubber bars, hermatic door adopts cylinder oscilaltion, by skewed slot automatic clamping sealing strip when two ends hermatic door falls, makes sealing in stove.
S31008 body of heater inner housing and formed steel construction select S32168, and shell body and formed steel construction material need use Q235B.High-quality lightweight alumina silicate fibre is filled between shell body and inner housing.Between combustion chamber and cracking room, shell material selects S31008.
Further, 3 superheated steam pipelines are set in body of heater, are arranged on top and the both sides of body of heater respectively.Purge top and the both sides of 3 hoppers respectively.
Furnace roof is provided with 3 thermocouples, corresponding with below hopper, shows as temperature of charge.
The air exhauster that combustion furnace tail gas is arranged by furnace roof through tail gas pipeline is discharged.
Perfect further, body of heater is square, and combustion chamber section is U-shaped, and cracking room is placed in the U-shaped depression of combustion chamber.
Tail gas pipeline arranges thermocouple, detects delivery temperature.
The invention still further relates to and a kind of innoxiously exempt from classification solid waste cleavage method, comprise the steps:
1) first stage: charging basket loading solid discarded object is placed in the cracking room of cracking apparatus, is warming up to 150 DEG C, the reaction time: xx hour;
2) second stage: be warming up to 600 DEG C, the reaction time: xx hour; Produce fuel gas, cracking gas and solid carbon dust;
3) phase III: discharge gas mixture and pressed powder after cooling.
In such scheme, step 2) gained cracked gas obtains the miscella comprising gasoline, diesel oil and heavy oil after chemical catalyst reaction condensation.
Further, step 2) gained fuel gas reclaims and introduces burner, provides step 1) and step 2) thermal source.
Domestic waste puts into pyrolysis furnace after overcompression process, and house refuse, in high-temperature steam atmosphere, pyrolytic gasification occurs.The basic process of pyrolytic gasification: in the incipient stage, material is heated, heat up and separate out moisture; When temperature is raised to a certain degree, material enters the fierce Isothermal Decomposition stage, starts to separate out a large amount of volatile ingredient, and by the complicated thermochemical reaction process such as cracking and polymerization, generates combustible gas, organic liquid and solid residue etc.; Afterwards, along with the minimizing of organic principle amount, course of reaction progressively weakens, until terminate.
From pyrolysis furnace gas out through catalytic reactor, under the effect of catalyst, there is the quality that chemical reaction improves product further.Last gas becomes fluid storage in oil tank by the condensation of condenser.
The innoxious principles of chemistry exempting from classification solid waste cleavage method of the present invention are: the heat transmission medium being made cracking solid waste by overheated steam 600 DEG C, other fuel provide heat energy in the combustion system burning of independent research, ensure cracking temperature.Start to carry out cracking intensification 150 DEG C, active cooling after reaching 600 DEG C, produce cracked gas, the powdered carbon of combustible gas (CO, H2, CH4, CnHm etc.) and solid.The cracked gas produced progressively is condensed into miscella (comprising gasoline, diesel oil, heavy oil etc.) after add chemical catalyst in catalyst reactor, then becomes the petrol and diesel oil and heavy oil that meet state V standard through refining.
Of the present inventionly innoxiously exempt from classification solid waste cracking apparatus and cleavage method, there is following effect:
1) solid waste cracking is front without the need to sorting: square operating equipment meets the garbage disposal of long-time batch, large-scale production charging basket can hold all kinds of solid waste, the material of carbon dust and not cleavable is produced after cracking reaction, according to the rubbish feature of current China, usually 2% of the volume before cracking can not only be accounted for by lysate, the carbon dust of the material of cleavable pulverize powder, greatly reduces the difficulty of sorting, fundamentally improves the hygienic conditions of sorting.
2) use overheated steam 600 DEG C to make the heat transmission medium of cracking solid waste, under the closed environment of almost anaerobic, carry out cracking.
3) overall cracking apparatus is square, the closed inner bag design of cracking room uniqueness, is wrapped up by U-shaped combustion chamber, makes full use of the heat energy of combustion chamber, outside, combustion chamber is 200 millimeters of integral heat insulation layers, power transmission shaft, live-roller, sprocket wheel, chain is isolated in beyond high-temperature region.
4) adjustable lytic effect, unloads charging basket react remaining carbon dust automatically, can hold the percolate of the rubbish generation of standard, enter cracking room process, makes equipment can the problem of persistent ailment percolate in disposal of refuse disposal technology.In overall charging basket conveying mechanism, high-temperature region is delivered to skip position by mechanical mechanism the blanking section of low temperature, is positioned by electrical design and control.
5) design high temperature resistant, corrosion resistant high temperature resistant stainless steel plate Welding Structure and lightweight alumina silicate fibre is filled in centre, effect that is airtight and insulation is played to cracking room and combustion chamber, improve fuel availability and ensure to meet reaction temperature.
6) supply that auxiliary heat energy is guaranteed in the external burner of burner operation principle and U-shaped combustion chamber is met.
7) the charging basket design of solid waste of not classifying, can discharging downwards automatically, can hold the remaining percolate of second time.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 of the present inventionly innoxiously exempts from classification solid waste cracking apparatus perspective view;
Fig. 2 is that the A of Fig. 1 is to sectional view;
Fig. 3 is the right view of Fig. 2.
In figure: 1. material loading section; 2. cracking apparatus; 3. blanking section; 4. bracket; 5. live-roller; 6. chain; 7. sprocket wheel; 8. charging basket; 9. body of heater; 10. hermatic door; 11. cracking rooms; 12. combustion chambers; 13. burners; 14. superheat steam pipelines; Pipeline in 15. oil gas; 16. catalyst generators; The outer pipeline of 17. oil gas; 18. tail gas pipelines; 19. air exhausters; 20. thermocouples; 21. Modular guardrails.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
See Fig. 1-Fig. 3, of the present inventionly innoxiously exempt from classification solid waste cracking apparatus 2, comprise the material loading section 1, cracking apparatus 2 and the blanking section 3 that connect successively; Equipment comprises the bracket 4 running through material loading section 1, cracking apparatus 2 and blanking section 3, is arranged on the live-roller 5 of bracket 4 both sides, and live-roller 5 and chain 6 engage, and driving motor drive sprocket 7 rotates, and sprocket wheel 7 drives the chain 6 be engaged with to drive live-roller 5 to rotate;
Live-roller 5 is placed charging basket 8, place solid waste in charging basket 8, charging basket 8 can move along material loading section 1, cracking apparatus 2 and blanking section 3;
Cracking apparatus 2 main body is body of heater 9, and the body of heater 9 of connection material loading section 1 and blanking section 3 both sides arranges movable hermatic door 10, and the furnace wall, both sides extended along material loading section 1, blanking section 3 and roof, hermatic door 10 form a confined space; Arrange cracking room and combustion chamber 12 in body of heater 9, cracking room is placed in above combustion chamber 12, install combustion device 13 outside place, combustion chamber 12 body of heater 9, and its burned gas outlet passes into combustion chamber 12; Some superheat steam pipelines 14 are set in cracking room, external overheated gas generating means passes into superheated steam by superheat steam pipeline 14 in cracking room, cracking room top arranges pipeline 15 in oil gas, in oil gas, pipeline 15 accesses in the catalyst generator 16 at cracking room top, and catalyst generator 16 outlet connects the outer pipeline 17 of oil gas.Catalyst generator 16 is arranged in the Modular guardrail 21 of furnace roof.
Body of heater 9 is made up of shell body, inner housing and the lightweight alumina silicate fibre layer be filled between inside and outside housing, lightweight alumina silicate fibre layer thickness 200mm; Inner housing, cracking room, combustion chamber 12 material of main part select heat-resistance stainless steel.
3 superheated steam pipelines are set in body of heater 9, are arranged on top and the both sides of body of heater 9 respectively.Purge top and the both sides of 3 hoppers respectively.
Furnace roof is provided with 3 thermocouples 20, corresponding with below hopper, shows as temperature of charge.
The air exhauster 19 that combustion furnace tail gas is arranged by furnace roof through tail gas pipeline 18 is discharged.
Body of heater 9 is square, and combustion chamber 12 section is U-shaped, and cracking room is placed in the U-shaped depression of combustion chamber 12.
Tail gas pipeline 18 is arranged thermocouple 20, detect delivery temperature.
Embodiment 2
The innoxious of the present embodiment exempts from classification solid waste cleavage method, comprises the steps:
1) first stage: charging basket 8 loading solid discarded object is placed in the cracking room of cracking apparatus 2, is warming up to 150 DEG C, the reaction time: xx hour;
2) second stage: be warming up to 600 DEG C, the reaction time: xx hour; Produce fuel gas, cracking gas and solid carbon dust;
3) phase III: discharge gas mixture and pressed powder after cooling.
Step 2) gained cracked gas through chemical catalyst reaction condensation after obtain the miscella comprising gasoline, diesel oil and heavy oil.
Step 2) gained fuel gas reclaim introduce burner 13, step 1 is provided) and step 2) thermal source.
Claims (9)
1. innoxiously exempt from a classification solid waste cracking apparatus, it is characterized in that, comprise the material loading section, cracking apparatus and the blanking section that connect successively; Equipment comprises the bracket running through material loading section, cracking apparatus and blanking section, is arranged on the live-roller of bracket both sides, live-roller and chain engagement, and driving motor drive sprocket rotates, and sprocket wheel drives the chain drive live-roller be engaged with to rotate;
Live-roller places charging basket, and place solid waste in charging basket, charging basket can move along material loading section, cracking apparatus and blanking section;
Cracking apparatus main body is body of heater, and the body of heater of connection material loading section and blanking section both sides arranges movable hermatic door, and the furnace wall, both sides extended along material loading section, blanking section and roof, hermatic door form a confined space; Arrange cracking room and combustion chamber in body of heater, cracking room is placed in above combustion chamber, install combustion device outside the body of heater of place, combustion chamber, and its burned gas outlet passes into combustion chamber; Some superheat steam pipelines are set in cracking room, external overheated gas generating means passes into superheated steam by superheat steam pipeline in cracking room, cracking room top arranges pipeline in oil gas, in oil gas, pipeline accesses in the catalyst generator at cracking room top, and catalyst generator exports connects the outer pipeline of oil gas.
2. according to claim 1ly innoxiously exempt from classification solid waste cracking apparatus, it is characterized in that: body of heater has shell body, inner housing and is filled in the lightweight alumina silicate fibre layer between inside and outside housing, lightweight alumina silicate fibre layer thickness 200mm; Inner housing, cracking room, combustion chamber material of main part select heat-resistance stainless steel.
3. exempt from classification solid waste cracking apparatus according to the innoxious of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: 3 superheated steam pipelines are set in body of heater, be arranged on top and the both sides of body of heater respectively.
4. according to claim 3ly innoxiously exempt from classification solid waste cracking apparatus, it is characterized in that: the air exhauster that combustion furnace tail gas is arranged by furnace roof through tail gas pipeline is discharged.
5. according to claim 4ly innoxiously exempt from classification solid waste cracking apparatus, it is characterized in that: body of heater is square, combustion chamber section is U-shaped, and cracking room is placed in the U-shaped depression of combustion chamber.
6. according to claim 3ly innoxiously exempt from classification solid waste cracking apparatus, it is characterized in that: tail gas pipeline arranges thermocouple, detect delivery temperature.
7. innoxiously exempt from a classification solid waste cleavage method, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
1) first stage: charging basket loading solid discarded object is placed in the cracking room of cracking apparatus, is warming up to 150 DEG C, the reaction time: xx hour;
2) second stage: be warming up to 600 DEG C, the reaction time: xx hour; Produce fuel gas, cracking gas and solid carbon dust;
3) phase III: discharge gas mixture and pressed powder after cooling.
8. according to claim 7ly innoxiously exempt from classification solid waste cleavage method, it is characterized in that, step 2) gained cracked gas obtains comprising the miscella of gasoline, diesel oil and heavy oil after chemical catalyst reaction condensation.
9. exempt from classification solid waste cleavage method according to claim 7 or 8 innoxious, it is characterized in that, step 2) gained fuel gas reclaims and introduces burner, provides step 1) and step 2) thermal source.
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CN201511031592.4A CN105546546B (en) | 2015-12-31 | 2015-12-31 | One kind is innoxious to exempt from classify solid waste cracking apparatus and cleavage method |
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CN201511031592.4A CN105546546B (en) | 2015-12-31 | 2015-12-31 | One kind is innoxious to exempt from classify solid waste cracking apparatus and cleavage method |
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CN105546546B CN105546546B (en) | 2018-06-19 |
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Cited By (12)
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CN106362689A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-02-01 | 新奥生态环境治理有限公司 | Reutilization method for pyrolytic carbides of municipal domestic wastes |
CN106378348A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-02-08 | 新奥生态环境治理有限公司 | Garbage treatment and resource utilization method |
CN106398728A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-02-15 | 新奥生态环境治理有限公司 | Multi-section garbage carbonization heating furnace |
CN106398727A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-02-15 | 新奥生态环境治理有限公司 | Heating device for carbonization of garbage |
CN106398726A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-02-15 | 新奥生态环境治理有限公司 | Mixed garbage carbonizing method |
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CN106753461A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-05-31 | 新奥生态环境治理有限公司 | By the method for municipal refuse hydro-thermal charing process under undercritical conditions |
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CN106398728A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-02-15 | 新奥生态环境治理有限公司 | Multi-section garbage carbonization heating furnace |
CN106398727A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-02-15 | 新奥生态环境治理有限公司 | Heating device for carbonization of garbage |
CN106398726A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-02-15 | 新奥生态环境治理有限公司 | Mixed garbage carbonizing method |
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CN106495153A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 新奥生态环境治理有限公司 | The method of production material with carbon element |
CN106362689A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-02-01 | 新奥生态环境治理有限公司 | Reutilization method for pyrolytic carbides of municipal domestic wastes |
CN106398726B (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2019-05-28 | 新奥生态环境治理有限公司 | A kind of composting charing method |
CN106495153B (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2019-05-28 | 新奥生态环境治理有限公司 | The method for producing carbon material |
CN106753461B (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2019-10-01 | 新奥生态环境治理有限公司 | By the method for municipal refuse hydro-thermal charing process under undercritical conditions |
CN106753461A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-05-31 | 新奥生态环境治理有限公司 | By the method for municipal refuse hydro-thermal charing process under undercritical conditions |
CN106635075A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-05-10 | 新奥生态环境治理有限公司 | Method for producing biofuel |
CN106635075B (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2019-10-01 | 新奥生态环境治理有限公司 | A kind of production method of bio-fuel |
CN106554789A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-04-05 | 新奥生态环境治理有限公司 | A kind of method for comprehensively treating rubbish |
CN106554789B (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2020-01-07 | 新奥生态环境治理有限公司 | Comprehensive garbage treatment method |
CN106433706A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-02-22 | 新奥生态环境治理有限公司 | Distilling and carbonizing device resistant to high-temperature water vapor environments |
CN106433706B (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2020-04-10 | 刘艳 | Distillation carbonization device resistant to high-temperature water vapor environment |
CN108624344A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-10-09 | 江苏大学 | A kind of device of algal biomass contiguous segmentation catalytic pyrolysis reaction |
CN111139096A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-05-12 | 润电能源科学技术有限公司 | Household garbage treatment system and household garbage treatment method thereof |
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