CN110093188B - High-temperature superconducting pipe pollution-free garbage cracking gasification furnace - Google Patents
High-temperature superconducting pipe pollution-free garbage cracking gasification furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN110093188B CN110093188B CN201810144488.3A CN201810144488A CN110093188B CN 110093188 B CN110093188 B CN 110093188B CN 201810144488 A CN201810144488 A CN 201810144488A CN 110093188 B CN110093188 B CN 110093188B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0973—Water
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Abstract
A high-temperature superconducting pipe pollution-free garbage cracking gasification furnace comprises a furnace cover, a furnace body, a furnace base, a high-temperature superconducting heat exchanger, a rotary smoke pipe radiator, a heater, a feeder and a superconducting waste heat recoverer. The cracking furnace has high temperature, balanced furnace temperature and large gas production, effectively solves the danger of bonding, bulging, blocking and coking caused by local overheating of garbage in the furnace, avoids the generation of cracking flue gas, shields the environmental pollution caused by harmful substances released by a cracking substance, prevents the generation of dioxin, uses the cracking residual gas for power generation, uses solid waste residues as an active carbonization chemical raw material, and has obvious social benefit and economic benefit.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to a domestic garbage gasification device which does not pollute the environment and does not produce toxic substances, in particular to a low-energy-consumption high-efficiency pollution-free garbage cracking gasification furnace with a high-temperature superconducting pipe.
Background
Along with the progress of human civilization and the increase of population, the production amount of urban domestic garbage is increased greatly, the components of the garbage are complicated, and the harmful components are increased. Traditional landfills waste land, destroy ground water sources and exit the historical stage. At present, incinerators adopted in various places incinerate garbage to seriously object to the public. The incinerator is used for incinerating garbage, a large amount of smoke dust, harmful particulate matters, acid gas, unburned waste, heavy metals, trace organic compounds and the like are discharged, and a large amount of carcinogenic dioxin is generated along with the emission. Meanwhile, the organic materials in the garbage are changed into ash by incineration, which causes great waste of resources.
The application of domestic garbage cracking gasification for power generation is an advanced technology for realizing reduction, harmlessness and recycling of garbage, and the cracking gasification technology is highly valued by governments of various countries in the world at the present that 'garbage enclosing city' becomes public nuisance.
The garbage cracking gasification is that the domestic garbage is put in a special container, under the condition of certain temperature, pressure and oxygen deficiency, the organic matter in the garbage and a gasification agent (such as water vapor) are subjected to a series of chemical reactions, the high molecular hydrocarbon of the garbage is broken up to separate out the volatile components of CO and H2、CH、CNHm and other combustible gases and CO2、N2And the like, non-flammable gas. The standard garbage cracking gasification equipment must be provided with a cracking gasification furnace with balanced high temperature, a gasification agent and heat energy supplied according to the heat load requirement, and the three are not available. The garbage cracking gasification isA complex and multiple physical and chemical processes have strict requirements on the temperature, pressure and gasifying agent in the gasification furnace, and particularly, the stable and balanced high temperature of a reaction field is the key of garbage pyrolysis and gasification.
The reaction zone of the domestic horizontal pyrolysis gasifier is not provided with a temperature balancing device, the relatively balanced high temperature and pressure of the reaction zone can not be maintained, combustible gas is difficult to continuously and stably generate in the garbage treatment, the generation of smoke and tar can not be avoided, and the pollution and the toxicity of harmful substances and dioxin released by a lysate to the environment can not be shielded. Particularly, the traditional pyrolyzing furnace body is of a single-tube single-layer structure, the heater is arranged outside the furnace body, the single-layer furnace body is locally heated at high temperature, the single-layer furnace body is locally baked by thousands of degrees of flame due to large diameter and long axial length of the furnace body, the nonuniformity of the temperature field along the axial direction and the radial direction of the furnace body wastes energy and causes the extremely nonuniform heating temperature of the garbage in the furnace, the serious pyrolysis side reaction of the garbage is generated due to local overheating, and even the accident of garbage coking due to local overheating in the furnace occurs. In addition, the temperature of the garbage in the single-layer horizontal furnace is always in a descending trend from the inlet end to the outlet end, most of the garbage cannot reach the temperature condition of pyrolysis gasification, the garbage gasification efficiency is influenced, the economical efficiency is poor, and the heat energy waste is large. Foreign garbage cracking equipment strictly screens and classifies garbage entering a cracking furnace in advance in order to prevent the cracking furnace from generating accidents of garbage carbonization and coking due to local overheating, and the whole garbage treatment system is large in size and high in price, so that the foreign garbage cracking equipment cannot be used in countries which are underdeveloped in economy and difficult to realize garbage classification and screening.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to meet the requirements of relatively balanced temperature in a garbage cracking furnace, keep balanced high temperature and pressure of the garbage in the furnace, achieve high-efficiency continuous cracking gasification of household garbage and prevent toxic substances such as dioxin and the like from polluting the environment, a high-efficiency, safe, low-cost and continuously-operable high-efficiency pollution-free superconducting pipe garbage cracking gasification furnace is designed through repeated groping practices, a heater in the furnace body is utilized to heat an evaporation end of a high-temperature superconducting pipe heat exchanger, the radiant heat of the heater is uniformly conducted to the garbage in a relatively closed reaction area of the cracking furnace through the high-temperature superconducting pipe heat exchanger to generate combustible gas with higher heat value, the combustible gas is recycled to provide self-used fuel for the furnace body, a large amount of reaction heat generated by cracking is used for power generation, and mechanical running electric energy is continuously provided for garbage cracking gasification equipment. The pyrolysis gasification furnace utilizes the heat shielding characteristic of the high-temperature superconducting pipe, the quick heat conduction exchange characteristic of the high-temperature superconducting pipe, the quick soaking characteristic of the high-temperature superconducting pipe and the dynamic quick backflow principle of a high-temperature metal working medium, the high-temperature superconducting pyrolysis gasification furnace is used for replacing a conventional cracking furnace or a pyrolysis furnace, the relatively closed internal cracking temperature of the whole cracking furnace body can reach about 800 ℃, the garbage reaction speed is high under the participation of water vapor, no pollutant and harmful substance are generated, the danger of garbage carbonization and coking caused by local overheating is avoided, and the gas production rate and the volatile escape rate are obviously improved.
The specific scheme of the high-temperature superconducting pipe garbage cracking gasification furnace is as follows: a high-temperature superconducting pipe pollution-free garbage cracking gasification furnace comprises a furnace body, a furnace base, a furnace cover, a high-temperature superconducting heat exchanger, a rotary smoke pipe radiator, a round end socket heat exchanger, a heater, a feeder and a superconducting waste heat recoverer. The furnace body is characterized by comprising a cylindrical shell, an upper flange plate and a lower flange plate which are connected with the upper edge and the lower edge of the cylindrical shell, a round hole flange plate which is connected with the lower flange plate below the lower flange plate, and a round head heat exchanger which is connected with the inner circle of the round hole flange plate, wherein the cylindrical shell, the round hole flange plate and the round head heat exchanger form a round table shape, a plurality of round holes with the same diameter are formed in the periphery of a round head on the round hole flange plate at equal intervals, the lower flange plate and the round hole flange plate of the cylindrical shell are sequentially connected with the upper flange plate of a furnace base through bolts from top to bottom, a gas outlet is arranged on the side surface of the cylindrical shell, a furnace cover of a feeder is arranged on the side surface of the cylindrical shell, the upper flange plate of the cylindrical shell is connected with the flange plate at the edge of the furnace cover through bolts, the outer wall of the cylindrical shell and the furnace cover are wrapped with high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating layers, and the whole furnace body is placed on the furnace base which is isolated from space. The high-temperature superconducting heat exchanger is arranged in a cylinder shell and comprises a plurality of high-temperature superconducting pipes which are parallel to each other and a positioning flange which is parallel to a round hole flange, wherein the circumference of the positioning flange is provided with a plurality of round holes which are equidistant and have the same diameter and correspond to a plurality of round holes which are equidistant and have the same diameter of the round hole flange, the upper ends of the plurality of high-temperature superconducting pipes penetrate through the round holes of the positioning flange for positioning, the lower ends of the plurality of high-temperature superconducting pipes penetrate through the round holes which correspond to the round hole flange and fix evaporation ends of the plurality of high-temperature superconducting pipes by fasteners on the round hole flange, the outer wall of the evaporation end of each high-temperature superconducting pipe is provided with a heat absorption fin, and the positioning flange is spot-welded on the inner wall of the cylinder shell. The heater is arranged at the lower side of the furnace seat below the round head heat exchanger and consists of an annular combustor and a pipeline for communicating the annular combustor with a water-sealed gas storage tank, a thermal radiation field of the heater corresponds to the evaporation section of the high-temperature superconducting pipe, the round head heat exchanger and the round platform, fuel of the heater is combustible gas generated by the cracking furnace, the heating field formed by combustion of the heater heats the round head heat exchanger, the rotary smoke pipe radiator and the evaporation end of the high-temperature superconducting pipe, high-temperature superconducting phase change working media in the high-temperature superconducting pipes are activated to work, and the radiant heat of the heater can be uniformly conducted to garbage in the furnace body through the high-temperature superconducting pipes, the round head heat exchanger and the rotary smoke pipe radiator. The periphery of the heating field of the heater is provided with a furnace seat, the furnace seat is composed of a metal cylinder with the diameter the same as that of the shell of the cylinder of the furnace body, a base welded at the lower side of the metal cylinder, a residue outlet on the wall of the metal cylinder, a preheated air inlet and a high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating layer wrapped on the wall of the metal cylinder, and the high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating layer can prevent the heat radiated by the heating area from diffusing outwards so as to radiate the heat generated by the heater in the heating area of the furnace body completely and ensure that the working temperature of a garbage reaction area of a hearth is stabilized at 600 ℃ to 800 ℃. The rotary smoke tube radiator is arranged in the middle position of the furnace body and comprises a smoke tube, a driving motor, a speed reducer, a chain, a transmission gear, a spiral plate on the smoke tube and a scraper, wherein the upper part of the smoke tube penetrates through a sealing bearing in the center of the furnace cover to be connected with the transmission gear of the speed reducer, the lower part of the smoke tube penetrates through a high-temperature resistant sealing sleeve in the center of the circular end enclosure heat exchanger to be communicated with a heating field of a furnace base heater, the driving motor works to drive the speed reducer, the chain, the transmission gear, the smoke tube and the spiral plate to rotate, garbage in the furnace body is uniformly operated from top to bottom, the garbage is cracked and gasified in the furnace body at a balanced high temperature, the garbage caking and coking accidents do not occur, and solid matters after the garbage cracking and gasification flow out from a residue outlet under the scraping action of the scraper. The waste heat of the flue gas generated by the operation of the heater can be transmitted to the garbage through the flue pipe and the spiral plate on the flue pipe, so that the waste heat generated by combustion of the fuel gas can be fully utilized. The superconductive waste heat recoverer is arranged at the top of the smoke tube, and can recover the residual waste heat in the smoke tube again so as to heat the cold air entering the waste heat recoverer and send the cold air into the furnace base through a pipeline, thereby improving the combustion efficiency of the annular burner of the heater.
The circular hole flange plate is a high-temperature-resistant steel plate part with the thickness of 20mm-30mm, the interior of the garbage cracking gasification furnace is divided into an upper part and a lower part from the space by the circular hole flange plate and the circular seal head heat exchanger, the upper part is a garbage cracking gasification space, and the lower part is a heating field of the cracking gasification furnace. The inner circle boundary of the circular hole flange plate is welded with the bottom periphery of the furnace body circular head heat exchanger, fasteners are arranged on a plurality of circular holes with the same diameter, and the evaporation ends of a plurality of high-temperature superconducting pipes of the high-temperature superconducting heat exchanger penetrate through the circular holes in a one-to-one correspondence mode and are fastened by the fasteners so as to ensure that the plurality of high-temperature superconducting pipes do not displace when working under a high-temperature state, prevent the flame of a heater from entering a furnace body reaction area, prevent the high-temperature superconducting pipes from being damaged and be taken out, maintained and replaced.
A plurality of high-temperature superconducting pipes of the high-temperature superconducting heat exchanger are parallel to each other and are arranged at equal intervals around the round head heat exchanger, a cooling plate is welded on a condensation end, and the condensation end is arranged in the cylindrical shell of the furnace body and is 4-8 cm away from the inner wall of the cylindrical shell. The distance between the lower sides of the circular hole flange plates arranged at the evaporation ends of the plurality of high-temperature superconducting pipes and the outer wall of the circular head heat exchanger is 10-18 cm, the outer wall of the evaporation end is provided with a quincunx heat absorption fin, and the heating area of the heat absorption fin is 1.5 times that of a heat dissipation plate welded on the condensation end.
The high-temperature superconducting phase change working medium is activated, liquid metal mercury with 0.7% of titanium powder and 5.4% of magnesium powder is added at the working temperature of 600-800 ℃, or liquid potassium-sodium alloy, the mass ratio of the potassium-sodium alloy is 76% to 24%, or liquid sodium-potassium alloy, the mass ratio of the sodium-potassium alloy is 1: 3; the inside of the pipe of the plurality of high-temperature superconducting pipes is in a negative pressure state in a static state, and the inside of the pipe of the plurality of high-temperature superconducting pipes is in a positive pressure state in a working state.
The head of the round head heat exchanger connected with the inner circle of the round hole flange plate is arranged below the plane of the round hole flange plate or above the plane of the round hole flange plate, and the round head is welded with heat exchange fins.
The sealing bearing of the upper part of the smoke tube of the rotary smoke tube radiator, which penetrates through the center of the furnace cover, is a high-temperature-resistant large-cone roller sealing bearing, and the high-temperature-resistant sealing sleeve of the lower part of the smoke tube, which penetrates through the center of the circular end enclosure heat exchanger, is a sealing sleeve in which a high-temperature ceramic wire, high-temperature graphite powder and high-temperature graphite paste are mixed and arranged around the smoke tube according to the proportion of 7: 2: 1, so that the aim of positioning and lubricating the smoke tube in a high-temperature state and preventing the flame of a heater from entering a reaction zone of a furnace body is fulfilled.
The heater is arranged at the lower side of the inner part of the furnace seat below the round head heat exchanger and consists of an annular combustor and a pipeline for communicating the annular combustor with the water-sealed gas storage tank. Or the heater is arranged outside the furnace base and is heated by a burner, a nozzle of the burner is communicated with the inside of the furnace base, a thermal radiation field generated by the nozzle of the burner corresponds to the evaporation section of the high-temperature superconducting pipe, the round head heat exchanger and the round table, and an air inlet of the burner is communicated with a preheated air outlet of the waste heat recoverer through a pipeline.
The feeding machine is composed of a feeding cylinder and a feeding screw in the feeding cylinder, the feeding screw shaft is connected with a speed reducer of a motor, the upper part of the feeding cylinder is provided with a crusher and a feeding port, the side surface of the feeding port is provided with a water spray nozzle, and garbage is fed into the cracking furnace through the crusher and the feeding port under the rotation of the feeding screw. The feeding cylinder is internally provided with a feeding screw in the length of 2/3 from right to left, and the 1/3 space outside the feeding cylinder is a garbage cavity blocking section. The garbage cavity blocking section always stores compact garbage in the garbage pushed into the cracking furnace by the feeder, so that the relatively closed cracking furnace body can be prevented from entering too much air, generating dioxin, furan and the like during continuous work.
The furnace cover feeding cylinder is provided with a water spraying pipe, and aims to spray water to the garbage entering the feeding pipe so as to meet the humidity requirement of the garbage in the cracking gasification furnace. Experiments show that when the temperature of a garbage reaction zone in a cracking furnace body is about 800 ℃, water vapor is used as a gasifying agentThe reaction speed of the garbage can be accelerated, and the gas production conversion rate and the volatile escape rate of the garbage are obviously improved. The addition of the steam of the high-temperature cracking gasification furnace greatly increases the gas production rate of the materials along with the rise of the temperature, because the rise of the reaction temperature in the furnace accelerates the temperature rise of the garbage, the garbage which reacts in the garbage layer to release gas is increased, and therefore the instantaneous yield of the gas is increased. And due to the addition of the water vapor, part of gas released by the garbage reaction reacts with the water vapor, other small molecule gas can be generated through further decomposition, and part of the small molecule gas can continue to react with the water vapor, so that the whole reaction duration is prolonged, and the total gas yield is increased. Experiments prove that under the water vapor atmosphere of 800 ℃, the total gas yield of the municipal solid waste, the kitchen waste and the paper scraps can be maximally close to 950L/kg, and the heat value is improved by 40 percent, because the secondary cracking of the tar and the water vapor generate reforming reaction along with the rise of the temperature, and co and H are increased2When the content of combustible gas, especially the kitchen waste is in the water vapor atmosphere of 800 ℃, the content of the combustible gas is increased due to the reforming reaction between the secondary cracking of the kitchen waste and water, and the 800 ℃ is also beneficial to the water gas reaction between the residual carbon of the kitchen waste and the water vapor. The water can be partially decomposed into H in a cracking furnace filled with organic matters at 800-900 DEG C2And O2。
The top of the residue outlet on the metal cylinder wall is communicated with the lower part of the round head heat exchanger.
The gas outlet above the cylindrical shell of the furnace body is communicated with a centrifugal fan and a gas storage tank through a condenser, a cyclone dust collector and a purifier, and the gas generated by the cracking furnace is sent into the water-sealed gas storage tank for storage by adopting a negative pressure method.
The high-temperature heat insulation layers wrapped on the outer walls of the furnace body cylinder shell, the furnace cover and the furnace base metal cylinder are inorganic heat insulation materials with heat conductivity coefficient below 0.05W/(m.K) and heat-resistant temperature higher than 1000 ℃, such as alumina polycrystalline fiber cotton, rare earth heat insulation mud, ceramic fiber heat insulation cotton, or asbestos heat insulation layers, graphite heat insulation layers and the like, and the thickness of the heat insulation layers is 15 cm-20 cm, so that the temperature on the furnace body can be prevented from diffusing outwards.
The working principle of the high-temperature superconducting pipe pollution-free garbage cracking gasification furnace is as follows: the household garbage is sprayed with water according to the water content ratio through the crusher and the feeder and then is sent into a furnace body garbage reaction area of the garbage cracking gasification furnace, the driving motor drives the rotary smoke tube radiator to rotate at the frequency of 4-5 revolutions per minute through the speed reducer, the chain and the transmission gear, flame radiant heat generated by the operation of the annular burner of the heater is rapidly and uniformly conducted to the garbage moving in the closed furnace body through the high-temperature superconducting heat exchanger, the circular head heat exchanger, the circular table and the rotary smoke tube radiator through different angles, and the garbage is cracked and gasified into combustible gas. The combustible gas passes through a gas outlet, a condenser, a dust remover and a purifier and enters a water-sealed gas storage tank through a centrifugal fan. One part of the combustible gas entering the water-sealed gas storage tank is used as fuel of the cracking furnace and sent into the heater, and the other part of the combustible gas is used for power generation or other uses. The high-temperature superconducting working medium at the evaporation end is heated to be subjected to phase change gasification immediately under high-temperature heat energy, phase change latent heat is quickly transferred to a relatively closed furnace body through the high-temperature superconducting pipes and a heat dissipation plate, after the heat is transferred to garbage by the high-temperature superconducting pipes, the high-temperature superconducting working medium is changed from a gaseous state to a liquid state, returns to the evaporation end of the high-temperature superconducting pipes under the action of gravity to continue the phase change heat transfer process, and the working radiation heat source of the heater is continuously supplied to the garbage for cracking gasification in cycles. The rotary smoke tube radiator uniformly conducts the waste heat of the heater to the garbage moving in the furnace body through the smoke tube and the spiral plate to strengthen the cracking gasification process of the garbage. The garbage cracking gasification is carried out from bottom to top in the furnace, the lower cracking part generates a large amount of reaction heat to preheat the garbage on the upper part, and the gasification rate of the garbage in the reaction area is greatly improved. The superconductive waste heat recoverer recovers residual waste heat in the smoke pipe, heats cold air entering the waste heat recoverer, and sends the cold air into the furnace base through the pipeline so as to improve the combustion efficiency of the annular burner of the heater. And solid products after garbage cracking and gasification are scraped by a scraper at the bottom of the circular seal head and discharged from a residue outlet.
The invention has the advantages that the technical defects of the traditional pyrolyzing furnace are thoroughly overcome, the high-temperature superconducting pipe heat exchanger is additionally arranged in the single-layer furnace, the high-temperature superconducting pipe in the furnace body transfers heat by the vapor-liquid phase change of working liquid, the thermal resistance is small, the heat conduction force is strong, the radiation heat of the heater in the furnace base can be rapidly and uniformly conducted to the garbage in the rotary furnace body, in addition, a rotary smoke pipe radiator and a superconducting waste heat recoverer are used, the upper and lower reaction temperatures in the furnace body are relatively balanced, the temperature in the furnace is high, the continuous cracking gasification of the garbage in the furnace is facilitated, the garbage reduction capacity is large, the cracking gasification efficiency is high, the energy-saving effect is obvious, and the economical efficiency is good. The vertical high-temperature superconducting pipe garbage cracking gasification furnace has no danger of bonding, bulging, blocking and coking caused by local overheating. The high-temperature closed cracking furnace avoids the generation of smoke, tar, furan and the like, and shields the secondary pollution of harmful molecules released by cracking substances to the environment. The cracking process is always carried out under the closed anoxic condition, so that the generation of dioxin precursors is reduced, the generation and the emission of dioxin toxic substances are effectively prevented, and the environment is safer; the high-temperature superconducting pipe garbage cracking gasification furnace has low operation failure, the components of the cracking solid product are mainly solid carbon, the humic substance amount is little, and the solid product discharged from the residue outlet can be used as the raw material for manufacturing activated carbon chemical industry.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a vertical vibration high-temperature superconducting pipe garbage cracking gasifier
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a circular hole flange plate structure, and FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a circular head heat exchanger
1. The device comprises a furnace body 2, a furnace base 3, a furnace cover 4, a high-temperature superconducting heat exchanger 5, a rotary smoke tube radiator 6, a round head heat exchanger 7, a heater 8, a feeder 9, a superconducting waste heat recoverer 10, a cylinder shell 11, an upper flange 12, a lower flange 13, a round hole flange 14, a round hole 15, an upper flange 16, a gas outlet 17, a flange 18, a high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating layer 19, a high-temperature superconducting tube 20, a positioning flange 21, a round hole 22, a fastener 23, a high-temperature superconducting tube evaporation end 24, a heat absorption fin 25, an annular combustor 26, a water-sealed gas storage tank 27, a pipeline 28, a high-temperature superconducting phase-change working medium 29, garbage 30, a metal cylinder 31, a base 32, a residue outlet 33, a preheated air inlet 34, a high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating layer 35, a smoke tube 36, a driving motor 37, a smoke tube radiator 6, a heat-resistant heat-insulating layer 20, a heat-resistant heat-exchange layer, a heat-exchange layer heat-exchange heat-, The device comprises a speed reducer 38, a chain 39, a transmission gear 40, a spiral plate 41, a scraper 42, a sealing bearing 43, a high-temperature-resistant sealing sleeve 44, a condensation end 45, a heat dissipation plate 46, a plum blossom-shaped heat absorption fin 47, a feeding cylinder 48, a feeding spiral 49, a feeding spiral shaft 50, a motor 51, a speed reducer 52, a crusher 53, a feeding hole 54, a water spraying hole 55, a garbage cavity blocking section 56, a circular truncated cone 57, a condenser 58, a cyclone dust collector 59, a purifier 60, a centrifugal fan 61, a heat exchange fin 62, a pipeline 63, an inner circle boundary 64, a preheated air outlet 65 and a combustor
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
Referring now to figures 1, 2 and 3:
a high-temperature superconducting pipe pollution-free garbage cracking gasification furnace comprises a furnace body 1, a furnace base 2, a furnace cover 3, a high-temperature superconducting heat exchanger 4, a rotary smoke pipe radiator 5, a round end socket heat exchanger 6, a heater 7, a feeder 8 and a superconducting waste heat recoverer 9. The furnace body 1 is characterized by comprising a cylinder shell 10, an upper flange 11 and a lower flange 12 which are connected with the upper edge and the lower edge of the cylinder shell 10, a round hole flange 13 which is connected with the lower flange 12 below the lower flange 12, a round head heat exchanger 6 which is connected with the inner circle of the round hole flange 13, a cylinder shell 9, the round hole flange 13 and the round head heat exchanger 6 form a round table 56, a plurality of round holes 14 with the same diameter and equal distance are arranged on the periphery of the round hole flange 13 and the round head heat exchanger 6, the lower flange 12 and the round hole flange 13 of the cylinder shell 10 are sequentially connected with an upper flange 15 of a furnace base by bolts from top to bottom, a gas outlet 16 is arranged on the side surface of the cylinder shell 10, a furnace cover 3 of a feeder 8 is arranged on the side surface of the cylinder shell 10, the upper flange 11 of the cylinder shell 10 is connected with the flange 17 at the edge of the furnace cover 3 by bolts, and the outer walls of the cylinder shell 10 and the furnace base 3 are wrapped by a high temperature resistant heat insulating layer 18, the whole furnace body is arranged on a furnace base 2 isolated from the space of the furnace body. The high-temperature superconducting heat exchanger 4 is arranged in a cylinder shell 10 and comprises a plurality of high-temperature superconducting pipes 19 which are parallel to each other and a positioning flange 20 which is parallel to a circular hole flange 13, wherein a plurality of circular holes 21 which are equidistant and have the same diameter are arranged on the circumference of the positioning flange 20 and correspond to a plurality of circular holes 14 which are equidistant and have the same diameter of the circular hole flange 13, the upper ends of the plurality of high-temperature superconducting pipes 19 penetrate through the circular holes 21 of the positioning flange 20 for positioning, the lower ends of the plurality of high-temperature superconducting pipes penetrate through the circular holes 14 which correspond to the circular hole flange 13 and are fixed with evaporation ends 23 of the plurality of high-temperature superconducting pipes by fasteners 22 on the circular hole flange, heat absorbing fins 24 are arranged on the outer wall of the evaporation end 23 of each high-temperature superconducting pipe, and the positioning flange 20 is spot-welded on the inner wall of the cylinder shell 10. The heater 7 is arranged at the lower side of the inside of the furnace base 2 below the round head heat exchanger 6, and is composed of an annular combustor 25 and a pipeline 27 for communicating the annular combustor 25 with a water-sealed gas storage tank 26, a thermal radiation field of the heater 7 corresponds to the high-temperature superconducting pipe evaporation section 23, the round head heat exchanger 6 and the round table 56, fuel of the heater 7 is combustible gas generated by the cracking furnace, the heating field formed by combustion of the combustible gas heats the round head heat exchanger 6, the round table 56, the rotary smoke pipe radiator 5 and the high-temperature superconducting pipe evaporation end 23, the high-temperature superconducting phase change working media 28 in the high-temperature superconducting pipes 19 are activated to work, and the radiant heat of the heater 7 is uniformly conducted to the garbage 29 in the furnace body through the high-temperature superconducting pipes 19, the round head heat exchanger 6 and the rotary smoke pipe radiator 5. The periphery of a heating field of the heater 7 is provided with a furnace base 2, the furnace base 2 is composed of a metal cylinder 30 with the same diameter as that of a cylinder shell 10 of the furnace body, a base 31 welded at the lower side of the metal cylinder 30, a residue outlet 32 on the wall of the metal cylinder 30, a preheated air inlet 33 and a high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating layer 34 wrapped on the wall of the metal cylinder, and the high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating layer 34 can prevent heat radiated by a heating area from diffusing outwards so as to radiate the heat generated by the heater 7 in the heating area of the furnace body completely and ensure that the cracking temperature of a garbage reaction area of a hearth is stabilized at a high temperature of 600-800 ℃. The rotary smoke tube radiator 5 is arranged in the middle of the furnace body 1 and comprises a smoke tube 35, a driving motor 36, a speed reducer 37, a chain 38, a transmission gear 39 welded on the smoke tube 35, a spiral plate 40 welded on the smoke tube 35 and a scraper 41, wherein the upper part of the smoke tube 5 penetrates through a sealing bearing 42 in the center of the furnace cover 3 to be connected with the transmission gear 39 of the speed reducer 37, the lower part of the smoke tube 5 penetrates through a high-temperature resistant sealing sleeve 43 in the center of the circular head heat exchanger 6 to be communicated with a heating field of a heater 7 in the furnace base, the driving motor 36 works to drive the speed reducer 37, the chain 38, the transmission gear 39, the smoke tube 35 and the spiral plate 40 to rotate, so that garbage 29 in the furnace body uniformly runs from top to bottom, the garbage 29 is cracked and gasified in the furnace body at balanced high temperature, the garbage caking accident does not occur, and solid residues after the garbage cracking and gasification flow out from a residue outlet 32 under the scraping action of the scraper 41. The residual heat of the flue gas generated by the operation of the heater 7 is conducted to the garbage 29 through the flue pipe 35 and the spiral plate 40 on the flue pipe 35, so that the residual heat of the combustion of the fuel gas is fully utilized. The superconducting waste heat recoverer 9 is arranged at the top of the smoke tube 35 and is communicated with the smoke tube 35, the preheated air outlet 64 is communicated with the furnace base 2 through the pipeline 62, and the residual waste heat in the smoke tube 35 can be recovered again so as to heat the cold air entering the waste heat recoverer 9 and be sent into the furnace base 2 through the pipeline 62, so that the combustion efficiency of the annular burner 25 of the heater is improved.
The circular hole flange 13 is a high-temperature-resistant steel plate part with the thickness of 20mm-30mm, the interior of the garbage cracking gasification furnace is divided into an upper part and a lower part from the space by the circular hole flange 13 and the circular seal head heat exchanger 6, the upper part is a garbage cracking gasification space, and the lower part is a heating field of the cracking gasification furnace. The inner circle boundary 63 is welded with the bottom periphery of the furnace body round head heat exchanger 6, a plurality of round holes with the same diameter are provided with fasteners 22, the evaporation ends 23 of a plurality of high-temperature superconducting pipes 19 of the high-temperature superconducting heat exchanger 4 penetrate through the round holes one by one and are fastened by the fasteners 22, so that the plurality of high-temperature superconducting pipes 19 are ensured not to be displaced when working under a high-temperature state, the flame of the heater 7 is prevented from entering a furnace body reaction zone, the high-temperature superconducting pipes 19 are damaged, and the high-temperature superconducting pipes 19 can be taken out, maintained and replaced.
A plurality of high-temperature superconducting pipes 19 of the high-temperature superconducting heat exchanger 4 are parallel to each other and are arranged around the round head heat exchanger 6 at equal intervals, a condensing end 44 is welded with a heat dissipation plate 45, and the condensing end 44 is arranged in the furnace body cylindrical shell 10 and is 4-8 cm away from the inner wall of the cylindrical shell. The distance between the lower sides of the circular hole flange discs 13 arranged at the evaporation ends 23 of the high-temperature superconducting pipes and the outer wall of the circular head heat exchanger 6 is 10-18 cm, quincunx heat absorption fins 46 are arranged on the outer wall of the evaporation end 23, and the heating area of the quincunx heat absorption fins 46 is 1.5 times that of a heat dissipation plate 45 welded on the condensation end 44.
The high-temperature superconducting phase change working medium 28 is added into the high-temperature superconducting pipes 19, the high-temperature superconducting phase change working medium 28 is activated, liquid metal mercury with 0.7% of titanium powder and 5.4% of magnesium powder added at the working temperature of 600-800 ℃, or liquid potassium-sodium alloy, the mass ratio of the potassium-sodium alloy is 76% to 24%, or the mass ratio of the liquid sodium-potassium alloy is 1: 3; the inside of the pipe of the plurality of high-temperature superconducting pipes 19 is in a negative pressure state in a static state, and the inside of the pipe is in a positive pressure state in a working state.
The head of the round head heat exchanger 6 connected with the inner circle of the round hole flange 13 is arranged below the plane of the round hole flange 13 or above the plane of the round hole flange 13, and the round head heat exchanger 6 is welded with heat exchange fins 61.
The sealing bearing 42 of the upper part of the smoke tube 35 of the rotary smoke tube radiator 5, which penetrates through the center of the furnace cover 3, is a high-temperature resistant large-cone roller sealing bearing, the high-temperature resistant sealing sleeve 43 of the lower part of the smoke tube 35, which penetrates through the center of the circular seal head heat exchanger 6, is a sealing sleeve in which a high-temperature ceramic wire, high-temperature graphite powder and high-temperature graphite paste are mixed and arranged around the smoke tube 35 according to the proportion of 7: 2: 1, and the purpose of positioning and lubricating the smoke tube 35 and preventing the flame of the heater 7 from entering a reaction zone of a furnace body in a high-temperature state is achieved.
The heater 7 is arranged at the lower side of the inside of the furnace base 2 below the round head heat exchanger 6 and is composed of an annular combustor 25 and a pipeline 27 for communicating the annular combustor 25 with a water-sealed gas storage tank 26, or the heater 7 is arranged at the outer side of the furnace base 2 and is heated by a combustor 65, a nozzle of the combustor 65 is communicated with the inside of the furnace base 2, a heat radiation field generated by the nozzle of the combustor corresponds to the evaporation section 23 of the high-temperature superconducting pipe, the round head heat exchanger 6 and the round table 56, and an air inlet of the combustor 65 is communicated with a preheated air outlet 64 of the waste heat recoverer 9 through a pipeline 62.
The feeder 8 is composed of a feeding cylinder 47, a feeding screw 48 in the feeding cylinder 47, a feeding screw shaft 49 connected with a reducer 51 of a motor 50, a crusher 52 and a feeding port 53 are arranged at the upper part of the feeding cylinder 47, a water spray 54 is arranged on the side surface of the feeding port 53, and the garbage is fed into the cracking furnace through the crusher 52 and the feeding port 53 under the rotation of the feeding screw 48. The feeding screw 48 is arranged in the feeding barrel 47 from right to left in 2/3 length, and the rest 1/3 space of the feeding barrel 47 is a garbage cavity blocking section 55. The garbage cavity blocking section 55 is used for pushing garbage into the cracking furnace by the feeder, so that dense garbage is always stored, and harmful substances such as dioxin, furan and the like caused by excessive air entering into the relatively closed cracking furnace body during continuous work can be avoided.
The side surface of the feeding hole 53 of the furnace cover 3 is provided with a water spraying hole 54 for spraying water to the garbage 29 entering the feeding machine so as to meet the humidity requirement of the garbage 29 in the cracking gasification furnace. Experiments show that when the temperature of a garbage reaction zone in a cracking furnace body is about 800 ℃, water vapor is used as a gasifying agent to accelerate the reaction speed of the garbage 29, and the gas production conversion rate and the volatile escape rate of the garbage 29 are obviously improved. Meanwhile, the gas yield of the materials is greatly increased along with the rise of the temperature in the high-temperature cracking gasification furnace due to the addition of the water vapor, the rising speed of the temperature of the garbage is increased due to the rise of the reaction temperature in the furnace, and the garbage which reacts to release the gas in the garbage layer is increased, so that the instantaneous yield of the gas is increased. And due to the addition of the water vapor, part of gas released by the garbage reaction reacts with the water vapor, other small molecule gas can be generated through further decomposition, and part of the small molecule gas can continue to react with the water vapor, so that the whole reaction duration is prolonged, and the total gas yield is increased. Experiments prove that under the water vapor atmosphere of 800 ℃, the total gas yield of the municipal solid waste, the kitchen waste and the paper scraps can be maximally close to 950L/kg, the heat value is improved by 40 percent, in addition, the secondary cracking of tar and the water vapor generate reforming reaction along with the increase of the temperature, and co and H are increased2When the content of combustible gas, especially the kitchen waste is in the water vapor atmosphere of 800 ℃, the content of the combustible gas is increased due to the reforming reaction between the secondary cracking of the kitchen waste and water, and the 800 ℃ is also beneficial to the water gas reaction between the residual carbon of the kitchen waste and the water vapor. The water can be partially decomposed into H in a cracking furnace filled with organic matters at 800-900 DEG C2And O2。
The top of a residue outlet 32 on the wall of the metal cylinder 30 is communicated with the lower part of the round head heat exchanger 6.
The upper gas outlet of the furnace body cylinder shell 10 is communicated with a centrifugal fan 60 and a gas storage tank 26 through a condenser 57, a cyclone dust collector 58 and a purifier 59, and the gas generated by the cracking furnace is sent to the water-sealed gas storage tank 26 for storage by adopting a negative pressure method.
The high-temperature heat insulation layer 18 wrapped on the outer wall of the furnace body cylinder shell 10, the furnace cover 3 and the high-temperature heat insulation layer 34 wrapped on the outer wall of the metal cylinder 30 of the furnace base 2 are inorganic heat insulation materials with heat conductivity coefficient of less than 0.05W/(m.K) and heat-resistant temperature of more than 1000 ℃, such as alumina polycrystalline fiber cotton, rare earth heat insulation mud, ceramic fiber heat insulation cotton, or asbestos heat insulation layers, graphite heat insulation layers and the like, and the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 15 cm-20 cm, so that the temperature on the furnace body can be prevented from diffusing outwards.
The working principle of the high-temperature superconducting pipe pollution-free garbage cracking gasification furnace is as follows: the domestic garbage is sprayed with water through a crusher 52 and a feeder 8 according to a water content ratio through a feed port 53 and then is fed into a furnace body garbage reaction area of a garbage cracking gasification furnace, a driving motor 36 drives a rotary smoke tube radiator 5 to rotate at a frequency of 4-5 revolutions per minute through a speed reducer 37, a chain 38 and a transmission gear 39, flame radiant heat of the working annular combustor 25 of a heater 7 is rapidly and uniformly conducted to garbage 29 moving in a closed furnace body through different angles through a high-temperature superconducting heat exchanger 4, a round head heat exchanger 6, a round table 56 and the rotary smoke tube radiator 5, and the garbage 29 is cracked and gasified into combustible gas. The combustible gas passes through the gas outlet 16, the condenser 57, the dust collector 58 and the purifier 59, and enters the water-sealed gas storage tank 26 through the centrifugal fan 60. One part of the combustible gas entering the water-sealed gas storage tank is used as fuel of the cracking furnace and sent to the heater 7, and the other part of the combustible gas is used for power generation or other uses. The flame radiation heat heats the evaporation end 23 of the high-temperature superconducting pipe in the furnace base, the high-temperature superconducting working medium 28 at the evaporation end 23 is heated to be instantly subjected to phase change gasification under high-temperature heat energy, phase change latent heat is quickly conducted to a relatively closed furnace body through the heat dissipation plates 45 at the condensation ends of the high-temperature superconducting pipes 19, after the heat is conducted to the garbage 29 by the high-temperature superconducting pipes 19, the latent heat unloaded by the high-temperature superconducting working medium 28 is changed from gaseous phase to liquid phase, returns to the evaporation ends 23 of the high-temperature superconducting pipes 19 under the action of gravity to continue the phase change heat transfer process, and the radiation heat source of the heater is continuously supplied to the garbage 29 for cracking gasification in cycles. The rotary smoke tube radiator 5 uniformly conducts the residual heat of the heater to the garbage 29 moving in the furnace body through the smoke tube 35 and the spiral plate 40 to strengthen the cracking gasification process of the garbage. The garbage cracking gasification is carried out from bottom to top in the furnace, the lower cracking part generates a large amount of reaction heat to preheat the garbage 29 at the upper part, and the gasification rate of the garbage 29 in the reaction area is greatly improved. The superconducting waste heat recoverer 9 recovers the residual waste heat in the smoke pipe 35, preheats cold air entering the superconducting waste heat recoverer 9, and sends the cold air into the furnace base 2 through a pipeline 63, so as to improve the combustion efficiency of the annular burner 25 of the heater. The solid products after the garbage cracking gasification are scraped by a scraper 41 at the bottom of the round head heat exchanger 6 and discharged from the residue outlet 32.
Claims (9)
1. A high-temperature superconducting pipe garbage cracking gasification furnace comprises a furnace body (1), a furnace base (2), a furnace cover (3), a high-temperature superconducting heat exchanger (4), a rotary smoke pipe radiator (5), a circular head heat exchanger (6), a heater (7), a feeder (8) and a superconducting waste heat recoverer (9), and is characterized in that the furnace body (1) comprises a cylinder shell (10), an upper flange (11) and a lower flange (12) which are connected with the upper edge and the lower edge of the cylinder shell (10), a circular hole flange (13) which is connected with the lower flange (12) below the lower flange (12), a circular head heat exchanger (6) which is connected with the inner circle of the circular hole flange (13), a circular table (56) is formed by the cylinder shell (9), the circular hole flange (13) and the circular head heat exchanger (6), a plurality of circular holes (14) with the same diameter are arranged on the periphery of the circular hole flange (13) at equal intervals on the circular head heat exchanger (6), a lower flange plate (12) and a circular hole flange plate (13) of a cylinder shell (10) are sequentially connected with an upper flange plate (15) of a furnace base by bolts from top to bottom, a gas outlet (16) is arranged on the side surface of the cylinder shell (10), a furnace cover (3) of a feeder (8) is arranged on the side surface of the cylinder shell, the upper flange plate (11) of the cylinder shell (10) is connected with a flange plate (17) at the edge of the furnace cover (3) by bolts, the outer walls of the cylinder shell (10) and the furnace cover (3) are wrapped with a high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating layer (18), and the whole furnace body is arranged on the furnace base (2) separated from the space of the furnace body to form the furnace body; the high-temperature superconducting heat exchanger (4) is arranged in a cylindrical shell (10) and consists of a plurality of parallel high-temperature superconducting pipes (19), the heat-absorbing superconducting heat pipe comprises a positioning flange plate (20) which is parallel to a circular hole flange plate (13), wherein the circumference of the positioning flange plate (20) is provided with a plurality of circular holes (21) which are equidistant and have the same diameter, the circular holes correspond to the circular holes (14) which are equidistant and have the same diameter of the circular hole flange plate (13), the upper ends of a plurality of high-temperature superconducting pipes (19) penetrate through the circular holes (21) of the positioning flange plate (20) for positioning, the lower ends of the plurality of high-temperature superconducting pipes penetrate through the corresponding circular holes (14) of the circular hole flange plate (13) and fix evaporation ends (23) of the plurality of high-temperature superconducting pipes by fasteners (22) on the circular hole flange plate, the outer wall of the evaporation end (23) of each high-temperature superconducting pipe is provided with a heat-absorbing fin (24), and the positioning flange plate (20) is spot-welded on the inner wall of a cylinder shell (10); the heater (7) is arranged at the lower side of the inner part of the furnace base (2) below the round head heat exchanger (6), and consists of an annular combustor (25) and a pipeline (27) for communicating the annular combustor (25) with a water-sealed gas storage tank (26), and a heat radiation field of the heater (7) corresponds to the evaporation section (23) of the high-temperature superconducting pipe, the round head heat exchanger (6) and the round table (56); the furnace base (2) is arranged around the heating field of the heater (7), and the furnace base (2) consists of a metal cylinder (30) with the same diameter as that of the furnace body cylinder shell (10), a base (31) welded at the lower edge of the metal cylinder (30), a residue outlet (32) on the wall of the metal cylinder (30), a preheated air inlet (33) and a high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating layer (34) wrapped on the wall of the metal cylinder; the rotary smoke tube radiator (5) is arranged in the middle position of the furnace body (1) and consists of a smoke tube (35), a driving motor (36), a speed reducer (37), a chain (38), a transmission gear (39) welded on the smoke tube (35), a spiral plate (40) welded on the smoke tube (35) and a scraper (41), the upper part of the smoke tube (5) penetrates through a sealing bearing (42) in the center of a furnace cover (3) to be connected with the transmission gear (39) of the speed reducer (37), the lower part of the smoke tube (5) penetrates through a high-temperature resistant seal cover heat exchanger (6) in the center to be communicated with a heating field of a heater (7) in a furnace base, a superconducting waste heat recoverer (9) is arranged at the top of the smoke tube (35) and communicated with the smoke tube (35), a preheated air outlet (64) of the waste heat recoverer (9) is communicated with the furnace base (2) through a pipeline (62), and a plurality of high-temperature superconducting tubes (19) of the high-temperature heat exchanger (4) are parallel to surround the circular seal cover heat exchanger (6) at equal intervals The heat dissipation plates (45) are welded on the condensation ends (44), the condensation ends (44) are arranged in the furnace body cylinder shell (10) and are 4-8 cm away from the inner wall of the cylinder shell (10), the lower sides of the round hole flange plates (13) of the evaporation ends (23) of the high-temperature superconducting tubes are arranged and are 10-18 cm away from the outer wall of the round head heat exchanger (6), the outer wall of the evaporation end (23) is provided with quincunx heat absorption fins (46), and the heating area of the quincunx heat absorption fins (46) is 1.5 times that of the area of the heat dissipation plates (45) welded on the condensation ends (44); high-temperature superconducting phase change working media (28) are added in a plurality of high-temperature superconducting pipes (19), the high-temperature superconducting phase change working media (28) are activated, liquid metal mercury with 0.7 percent of titanium powder and 5.4 percent of magnesium powder added at the working temperature of 600-800 ℃, or liquid potassium-sodium alloy, the mass ratio of the potassium-sodium alloy is 76 percent to 24 percent, or the mass ratio of the sodium-potassium alloy is 1 to 3; the inside of the pipe of the plurality of high-temperature superconducting pipes is in a negative pressure state in a static state, and the inside of the pipe of the plurality of high-temperature superconducting pipes is in a positive pressure state in a working state.
2. The high-temperature superconducting pipe garbage cracking gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the circular hole flange (13) is a high-temperature-resistant steel plate part with the thickness of 20mm-30mm, the interior of the garbage cracking gasification furnace is divided into an upper part and a lower part from the space by the circular hole flange (13) and the circular end enclosure heat exchanger (6), the upper part is a garbage cracking gasification space, and the lower part is a heating field of the cracking gasification furnace; the inner circle boundary (63) is welded with the periphery of the bottom of the furnace body round head heat exchanger (6), a plurality of round holes with the same diameter are provided with fasteners (22), and the evaporation ends (23) of a plurality of high-temperature superconducting pipes (19) of the high-temperature superconducting heat exchanger (4) penetrate through the round holes with the same diameter one by one and are fastened by the fasteners (22).
3. The high-temperature superconducting pipe garbage cracking gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the head of the round head heat exchanger (6) connected with the inner circle of the round hole flange plate (13) is arranged below the plane of the round hole flange plate (13) or above the plane of the round hole flange plate (13), and the round head heat exchanger (6) is welded with heat exchange fins (61).
4. The high-temperature superconducting pipe garbage cracking gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sealing bearing (42) of the upper part of a smoke pipe (35) of the rotary smoke pipe radiator (5) penetrating through the center of the furnace cover (3) is a high-temperature-resistant large-cone roller sealing bearing, and the high-temperature-resistant sealing sleeve (43) of the lower part of the smoke pipe (35) penetrating through the center of the circular seal head heat exchanger (6) is a sealing sleeve in which a high-temperature ceramic wire, high-temperature graphite powder and high-temperature graphite paste are mixed and arranged around the smoke pipe (35) according to the ratio of 7: 2: 1.
5. The high-temperature superconducting pipe garbage cracking gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heater (7) is arranged at the lower edge of the inner part of the furnace base (2) below the circular head heat exchanger (6), the annular combustor (25) is used for communicating the annular combustor (25) with a water-sealed gas storage tank (26), or the heater (7) is arranged at the outer edge of the furnace base (2) and is used for a burner (65), a nozzle of the burner (65) is communicated with the inner part of the furnace base (2), a heat radiation field generated by the nozzle of the burner corresponds to the evaporation section (23) of the high-temperature superconducting pipe, the circular head heat exchanger (6) and the circular table (56), and an air inlet of the burner (65) is communicated with a preheated air outlet (64) of the waste heat recoverer (9) through a pipeline (62).
6. The high-temperature superconducting pipe garbage cracking gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the feeding machine (8) is composed of a feeding cylinder (47) and a feeding screw (48) inside the feeding cylinder (47), wherein the feeding screw shaft (49) is connected with a speed reducer (51) of a motor (50), the upper part of the feeding cylinder (47) is provided with a crusher (52) and a feeding hole (53), the side surface of the feeding hole (53) is provided with a water spraying port (54), the feeding screw (48) is arranged in the feeding cylinder (47) from right to left in 2/3 length, and the rest 1/3 space in the feeding cylinder (47) is a garbage cavity blocking section (55).
7. The high-temperature superconducting pipe garbage cracking gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the top of a residue outlet (32) on the wall of the metal cylinder (30) is communicated with the lower part of the round head heat exchanger (6).
8. The high-temperature superconducting pipe garbage cracking gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a fuel gas outlet at the upper part of the furnace body cylinder shell (10) is communicated with a centrifugal fan (60) and a gas storage tank (26) through a condenser (57), a cyclone dust collector (58) and a purifier (59).
9. The high-temperature superconducting pipe garbage cracking gasification furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the high-temperature heat insulation layer (34) wrapped on the outer wall of the metal cylinder (30) of the furnace base (2) and the high-temperature heat insulation layer (18) wrapped on the outer wall of the furnace body cylinder shell (10) and the furnace cover (3) are inorganic heat insulation materials with heat conductivity coefficient of less than 0.05W/(m.K) and heat-resistant temperature of more than 1000 ℃, such as alumina polycrystalline fiber cotton, rare earth heat insulation mud, ceramic fiber heat insulation cotton, or asbestos heat insulation layers, graphite heat insulation layers and the like, and the thickness of the heat insulation layers is 15 cm-20 cm.
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| CN113046131A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-06-29 | 陕西博瑞新环保科技有限公司 | Miniature distributed harmless garbage cracking and gasifying device |
| CN111732961B (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2022-02-22 | 南京林业大学 | Continuous cleaning and carbonizing device for straws |
| CN114478003B (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-05-05 | 西南科技大学 | Hydration sintering method for solidifying high-level waste by using gadolinium zirconium pyrochlore powder as base material |
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| CN1307205A (en) * | 2000-01-24 | 2001-08-08 | 冯卫国 | Sealed gasifying oven and multifuncltional domestic gas range |
| CN101560402A (en) * | 2008-04-16 | 2009-10-21 | 刘义龙 | Stalk gasifying furnace with vacuum super-conduct heating device |
| CN208532689U (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2019-02-22 | 杨栋 | High-temperature super-conducting pipe pollution-free garbage cracks gasification furnace |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1307205A (en) * | 2000-01-24 | 2001-08-08 | 冯卫国 | Sealed gasifying oven and multifuncltional domestic gas range |
| CN101560402A (en) * | 2008-04-16 | 2009-10-21 | 刘义龙 | Stalk gasifying furnace with vacuum super-conduct heating device |
| CN208532689U (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2019-02-22 | 杨栋 | High-temperature super-conducting pipe pollution-free garbage cracks gasification furnace |
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