CN105505474B - Combined pyrolytic gasification furnace - Google Patents
Combined pyrolytic gasification furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN105505474B CN105505474B CN201610015947.9A CN201610015947A CN105505474B CN 105505474 B CN105505474 B CN 105505474B CN 201610015947 A CN201610015947 A CN 201610015947A CN 105505474 B CN105505474 B CN 105505474B
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- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical compound O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
- C10J3/60—Processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
- C10J2300/1246—Heating the gasifier by external or indirect heating
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种组合式热解气化炉，整个装置包括水平炉体、竖直炉体、水蒸气引出装置、焦油热裂解催化装置和旋风除尘装置。水平炉体与竖直炉体中下部垂直连通，中部与水蒸气引出装置连通，水蒸气引出装置另一端与竖直炉体中上部连通。竖直炉体下端设置有排渣装置，上端内部设有焦油热裂解催化装置，焦油热裂解催化装置通过可燃气出料管道与旋风除尘装置连通。水平炉体分为进料段、干燥段和热解气化段，进料段、干燥段和热解气化段组成内层炉体，干燥段和热解气化段组成外层炉体，内层炉体伸入竖直炉体内，外层炉体与竖直炉体筒壁相连，内、外层炉体形成环形空腔。本发明结构简单，设计合理，连续工作能力强，热解气化效率高。
The invention discloses a combined pyrolysis gasification furnace. The whole device includes a horizontal furnace body, a vertical furnace body, a water vapor extraction device, a tar pyrolysis catalytic device and a cyclone dust removal device. The horizontal furnace body is vertically communicated with the middle and lower part of the vertical furnace body, the middle part is communicated with the water vapor extraction device, and the other end of the water vapor extraction device is communicated with the middle and upper part of the vertical furnace body. A slagging device is installed at the lower end of the vertical furnace body, and a tar thermal cracking catalytic device is installed inside the upper end, and the tar thermal cracking catalytic device communicates with the cyclone dust removal device through a combustible gas discharge pipeline. The horizontal furnace body is divided into a feeding section, a drying section and a pyrolysis and gasification section. The feeding section, drying section and pyrolysis and gasification section form the inner furnace body, and the drying section and the pyrolysis and gasification section form the outer furnace body. The inner layer furnace body extends into the vertical furnace body, the outer layer furnace body is connected with the vertical furnace body wall, and the inner layer and the outer layer furnace body form an annular cavity. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design, strong continuous working ability and high pyrolysis and gasification efficiency.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于一种使用热解气化技术来处理生活垃圾及农村秸秆等废弃有机物的设备，特别涉及一种组合式热解气化炉。The invention belongs to a kind of equipment using pyrolysis gasification technology to process waste organic matter such as domestic garbage and rural straw, and particularly relates to a combined pyrolysis gasification furnace.
背景技术Background technique
随着城镇化进程的加快以及农业的发展，城市的生活垃圾和农村秸秆等废弃物的产量越来越大，严重影响了城市和乡村的生态环境。大城市采用生活垃圾焚烧发电的方式，使得生活垃圾减量化和资源化优势非常突出，但是小城市及乡镇的生活垃圾由于数量较少而且比较分散等原因，成为了我国城市生活垃圾治理的难点和重点，目前的处理方式正在由填埋改为综合处理。分选出的可燃垃圾或秸秆直接焚烧的处理方法，虽然能够解决可燃垃圾或秸秆数量大的问题，却造成大气中的氮氧化物增多、温室效应加重和“二噁英”排放等负面影响。所以急需一种既可以完全处理生活垃圾以及农村秸秆等废弃物又不直接焚烧的设备。With the acceleration of urbanization and the development of agriculture, the output of waste such as urban household garbage and rural straw is increasing, which seriously affects the ecological environment of cities and villages. Large cities adopt the method of domestic waste incineration for power generation, which makes the advantages of domestic waste reduction and resource utilization very prominent, but the domestic waste in small cities and towns has become a difficulty in urban domestic waste management in my country due to the small amount and relatively scattered reasons. And the point is that the current treatment method is changing from landfill to comprehensive treatment. Although the sorted combustible garbage or direct incineration of straw can solve the problem of a large amount of combustible garbage or straw, it causes negative effects such as increased nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere, aggravated greenhouse effect, and "dioxin" emissions. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that can completely process domestic waste and rural straw and other wastes without direct incineration.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术不足，提供一种组合式热解气化炉，本发明具有热解气化效率高、能耗小、连续工作能力强、无焦油堵塞管道等优点。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art and provide a combined pyrolysis gasification furnace. The present invention has the advantages of high pyrolysis gasification efficiency, low energy consumption, strong continuous working ability, and no tar blocking pipelines.
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：Technical scheme of the present invention is realized like this:
一种组合式热解气化炉，整个装置包括水平炉体、竖直炉体、水蒸气引出装置、焦油热裂解催化装置、排渣装置和旋风除尘装置。水平炉体右端与竖直炉体中下部垂直连通，中部与水蒸气引出装置连通，水蒸气引出装置另一端与竖直炉体中上部连通。竖直炉体下端设置有排渣装置，上端内部设有焦油热裂解催化装置，焦油热裂解催化装置通过可燃气出料管道与旋风除尘装置连通。A combined pyrolysis gasification furnace, the whole device includes a horizontal furnace body, a vertical furnace body, a water vapor extraction device, a tar pyrolysis catalytic device, a slagging device and a cyclone dust removal device. The right end of the horizontal furnace body is vertically communicated with the middle and lower part of the vertical furnace body, the middle part is communicated with the water vapor extraction device, and the other end of the water vapor extraction device is communicated with the middle and upper part of the vertical furnace body. A slagging device is installed at the lower end of the vertical furnace body, and a tar thermal cracking catalytic device is installed inside the upper end, and the tar thermal cracking catalytic device communicates with the cyclone dust removal device through a combustible gas discharge pipeline.
所述的水平炉体为圆筒型炉体，由进料段、干燥段和热解气化段组成内层炉体，干燥段和热解气化段设置有外层炉体，内层炉体伸入竖直炉体内，外层炉体与竖直炉体筒壁相连，内层炉体和外层炉体形成环形空腔。The horizontal furnace body is a cylindrical furnace body, and the inner layer furnace body is composed of a feeding section, a drying section and a pyrolysis gasification section. The drying section and the pyrolysis gasification section are provided with an outer layer furnace body, and the inner layer furnace The body extends into the vertical furnace body, the outer layer of the furnace body is connected with the wall of the vertical furnace body, and the inner layer of the furnace body and the outer layer of the furnace body form an annular cavity.
所述的焦油热裂解催化装置包括文丘里管和等离子体裂解催化器，等离子体裂解催化器套装在文丘里管外部。The tar thermal cracking catalytic device includes a Venturi tube and a plasma cracking catalytic converter, and the plasma cracking catalytic converter is set outside the Venturi tube.
所述的水蒸气引出装置和水平炉体内层炉体连通的部分设置有网状排气孔。The part where the water vapor extraction device communicates with the furnace body in the inner layer of the horizontal furnace is provided with mesh exhaust holes.
所述的内层炉体直径为500-5000mm，外层炉体直径为1000-5600mm，水平炉体长度为1000-15000mm，进料段、干燥段和热解气化段分别占1/3，竖直炉体炉体直径为600-8000mm，高度为2000-30000mm。The diameter of the inner layer furnace body is 500-5000mm, the diameter of the outer layer furnace body is 1000-5600mm, the length of the horizontal furnace body is 1000-15000mm, and the feeding section, drying section and pyrolysis gasification section account for 1/3 respectively, The diameter of the vertical furnace body is 600-8000mm, and the height is 2000-30000mm.
本发明使用水平炉体和竖直炉体，延长了可燃垃圾在装置中的停留时间，也延长了可燃垃圾热解气化的时间，同时水平炉体作为输料段、竖直炉体作为输气段，提高了装置的热解气化效率和连续工作能力；本发明中将过热空气鼓入竖直炉体中，使已经热解气化的可燃气燃烧放热为装置提供能量，有效地降低了能耗；本发明中竖直炉体上方设有焦油热裂解催化装置，将可燃气体中的焦油热裂解为小分子可燃气体，同时促进焦油的缩聚反应，生成焦炭，进一步进行反应，达到除焦油的效果，提高了装置的热解气化效率和连续工作能力。The present invention uses a horizontal furnace body and a vertical furnace body to prolong the residence time of combustible garbage in the device, and also prolongs the time for pyrolysis and gasification of combustible garbage. The gas section improves the pyrolysis and gasification efficiency and continuous working ability of the device; in the present invention, superheated air is blown into the vertical furnace body, so that the combustible gas that has been pyrolyzed and gasified can be burned to provide energy for the device, effectively Reduced energy consumption; in the present invention, a tar thermal cracking catalytic device is provided above the vertical furnace body, which thermally cracks the tar in the combustible gas into a small molecule combustible gas, and at the same time promotes the polycondensation reaction of the tar to generate coke, which is further reacted to achieve The effect of removing tar improves the pyrolysis gasification efficiency and continuous working capacity of the device.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明组合式热解气化炉的结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the combined pyrolysis gasifier of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图对本发明进行详细说明。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图1所示，一种组合式热解气化炉，包括水平炉体1、竖直炉体2、水蒸气引出装置3、焦油热裂解催化装置4、排渣装置5和旋风除尘装置6。水平炉体1由左至右依次分为进料段9、干燥段8和热解气化段7，各段长度分别为水平炉体1总长的1/3，进料段9左侧装有液压推料装置11和推料板10，其径向与进料斗12连通，进料段9、干燥段8和热解气化段7组成水平内层炉体13，干燥段8和热解气化段7处还设置有外层炉体14，其左侧与内层炉体13筒壁密封连通，右侧与竖直炉体2筒壁密封连通为一体，形成空腔，使得竖直炉体2中的高温可燃气能够对水平炉内的干燥段8和热解气化段7进行加热，内层炉体13伸入竖直炉体2内；水蒸气引出管道C一端和干燥段8的中部连通，连通处设有网状排气孔15，防止可燃垃圾或秸秆进入水蒸气引出装置3中堵塞装置，水蒸汽引出装置3另一端与竖直炉体2中上部连通。竖直炉体2底部设有排渣装置5、通风管道19和点火口23。As shown in Figure 1, a combined pyrolysis gasification furnace includes a horizontal furnace body 1, a vertical furnace body 2, a water vapor extraction device 3, a tar thermal cracking catalytic device 4, a slagging device 5 and a cyclone dust removal device 6 . The horizontal furnace body 1 is divided into a feed section 9, a drying section 8 and a pyrolysis gasification section 7 from left to right. The lengths of each section are respectively 1/3 of the total length of the horizontal furnace body 1. The hydraulic pushing device 11 and the pushing plate 10 communicate with the feed hopper 12 in the radial direction, the feeding section 9, the drying section 8 and the pyrolysis gasification section 7 form a horizontal inner layer furnace body 13, the drying section 8 and the pyrolysis section The gasification section 7 is also provided with an outer furnace body 14, the left side of which is in sealing communication with the inner layer furnace body 13 cylinder wall, and the right side is in sealing communication with the vertical furnace body 2 cylinder wall to form a cavity, so that the vertical The high-temperature combustible gas in the furnace body 2 can heat the drying section 8 and the pyrolysis gasification section 7 in the horizontal furnace, and the inner furnace body 13 extends into the vertical furnace body 2; The middle part of 8 is connected, and the connection is provided with a mesh vent 15 to prevent combustible garbage or stalks from entering the steam outlet device 3 to block the device. The bottom of the vertical furnace body 2 is provided with a slagging device 5 , a ventilation duct 19 and an ignition port 23 .
排渣装置5包括排渣口20、输送机17和水封渣池22，排渣口20安装在竖直炉体2底部并伸入水里，以免空气进入竖直炉体2，实现水封。输送机17和水封渣池22均放置在排渣口20的下端，输送机17浸入水封渣池22中水里，保证竖直炉体2中排出的炉渣充分冷却，然后将冷却后的炉渣输送出去；通风管道19伸入竖直炉体2中，为整个装置提供过热空气；竖直炉体2上方设有焦油热裂解催化装置4，它包括文丘里管16和文丘里管17，其中文丘里管17套装在文丘里管16上，文丘里管16与可燃气出料管道18连通。水平炉体1中干燥段8和热解气化段7、竖直炉体2中文丘里管16和可燃气出料管道18处分别设有热电偶24和压力传感器25，热电偶24与PLC控制系统27连通。The slag discharge device 5 includes a slag discharge port 20, a conveyor 17 and a water-sealed slag pool 22. The slag discharge port 20 is installed on the bottom of the vertical furnace body 2 and extends into the water, so as to prevent air from entering the vertical furnace body 2 and realize water sealing. . Conveyor 17 and water-sealed slag pool 22 are all placed on the lower end of slag outlet 20, and conveyor 17 is immersed in the water in water-sealed slag pool 22 to ensure that the slag discharged in the vertical furnace body 2 is fully cooled, and then the cooled slag The slag is conveyed out; Ventilation pipe 19 stretches in the vertical body of furnace 2, provides superheated air for whole device; The top of vertical body of furnace 2 is provided with tar thermal cracking catalytic device 4, and it comprises Venturi tube 16 and Venturi tube 17, Wherein the Venturi tube 17 is set on the Venturi tube 16, and the Venturi tube 16 communicates with the combustible gas discharge pipeline 18. In the horizontal furnace body 1, the drying section 8 and the pyrolysis gasification section 7, the vertical furnace body 2, the venturi tube 16 and the combustible gas discharge pipeline 18 are respectively provided with a thermocouple 24 and a pressure sensor 25, and the thermocouple 24 and the PLC The control system 27 is in communication.
可燃垃圾或秸秆通过进料斗12进入水平炉体1的进料段9，然后液压送料装置5推动推料板10将可燃垃圾或秸秆压实，防止气化过程中的漏气现象，实现料封，压实后的可燃垃圾或秸秆被送至干燥段8，逐步干燥，继而进入热解气化段7进行热解气化，气化后的混合气成分为CO2、CO、H2、CH4、N2O等可燃气体，混合气通过内层筒体7进入竖直炉体2，上升至焦油热裂解催化装置4处，混合气中的焦油在此处小部分高温裂解为小分子烃类气体和热解气化产生的可燃气一起经可燃气出料管道18排出竖直炉体2进入旋风除尘装置6中，进行除尘后做再利用；大部分焦油通过聚合反应生成焦炭，同时干燥段8产生的水蒸气和部分可燃气的混合气从网状排气孔15经水蒸气引出装置3通入竖直炉体2进入到焦油热裂解催化装置4，与焦炭发生反应，生成可燃气体。热解气化后的炉渣随着推料过程由水平炉膛A进入竖直炉体2后落入排渣口20，落入水封的输送机17上，经充分冷却后由排渣装置5陆续排出。装置连续运行过程中，竖直炉体2底部的通风管道19连续通入过热空气，使竖直炉体2中的部分可燃气燃烧放热，为整个装置提供热量，维持各段温度。水平炉体1的外层炉体14、竖直炉体2筒壁和水蒸气引出装置3管道均敷有保温层26。The combustible garbage or straw enters the feeding section 9 of the horizontal furnace body 1 through the feeding hopper 12, and then the hydraulic feeding device 5 pushes the pushing plate 10 to compact the combustible garbage or straw to prevent air leakage during the gasification process and realize the The compacted combustible garbage or straw is sent to the drying section 8, gradually dried, and then enters the pyrolysis and gasification section 7 for pyrolysis and gasification. The gasified gas mixture consists of CO 2 , CO, H 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O and other combustible gases, the mixed gas enters the vertical furnace body 2 through the inner cylinder 7, and rises to the tar thermal cracking catalytic device 4, where a small part of the tar in the mixed gas is cracked into small molecules at high temperature The hydrocarbon gas and the combustible gas produced by pyrolysis and gasification are discharged from the vertical furnace body 2 through the combustible gas discharge pipe 18 and enter the cyclone dust removal device 6 for reuse after dust removal; most of the tar generates coke through polymerization reaction, and at the same time The mixed gas of water vapor and part of combustible gas generated in the drying section 8 passes through the mesh exhaust hole 15 through the steam outlet device 3 into the vertical furnace body 2 and enters the tar thermal cracking catalytic device 4, where it reacts with coke to generate combustible gas. gas. The slag after pyrolysis and gasification enters the vertical furnace body 2 from the horizontal furnace A along with the material pushing process, then falls into the slag discharge port 20, falls on the water-sealed conveyor 17, and is successively discharged by the slag discharge device 5 after being fully cooled. discharge. During the continuous operation of the device, the ventilation duct 19 at the bottom of the vertical furnace body 2 is continuously fed with superheated air, so that part of the combustible gas in the vertical furnace body 2 is burned to release heat, providing heat for the entire device and maintaining the temperature of each section. The outer layer furnace body 14 of the horizontal furnace body 1, the cylinder wall of the vertical furnace body 2 and the water vapor extraction device 3 pipelines are all coated with an insulating layer 26.
本发明初次使用时，通过进料斗12和液压送料装置5往竖直炉体2中投放木柴或秸秆等燃料，在竖直炉体2底部点火口23处点火进行启动，同时在水平炉体1的进料段9和干燥段8放置可燃垃圾或秸秆，开启液压送料装置4，保证料封，当各段温度达到要求，且热解气化段7产生足够的可燃气时启动完成。此时不需要使用燃料对热解炉进行加热，完成启动后也不再需要外部热源。When the present invention is used for the first time, fuels such as firewood or stalks are put into the vertical furnace body 2 through the feed hopper 12 and the hydraulic feeding device 5, and the ignition port 23 at the bottom of the vertical furnace body 2 is ignited to start. The feeding section 9 and the drying section 8 of 1 place combustible garbage or straw, open the hydraulic feeding device 4 to ensure the material seal, and start when the temperature of each section meets the requirements and the pyrolysis gasification section 7 produces enough combustible gas. No fuel is required to heat the pyrolysis furnace, and no external heat source is required after start-up.
可燃垃圾或秸秆进入水平热解炉内后，在干燥段8逐步干燥，温度90-200℃，然后进入热解气化段7，温度300-500℃，在高温缺氧等条件下，发生干馏反应，有机质大分子裂解成小分子态CO2、CO、H2、CH4、N2O等可燃气体。在热解气化过程中，本发明通过减少二噁英前体物的生成，抑制了二噁英的产生，同时可燃垃圾或秸秆中的Cu、Fe等金属不易生成促进二噁英生成的催化剂，也抑制了二噁英的产生。可燃气在竖直炉体2中上升至文丘里管16，该过程中可燃气被竖直炉体2底部的热源加热至600℃，可燃气通过焦油热裂解催化装置4，被等离子体裂解催化器17加热至1000-1200℃，此处焦油被高温催化裂解为可燃气，达到脱焦油的目的。After combustible garbage or straw enters the horizontal pyrolysis furnace, it is gradually dried in the drying section 8 at a temperature of 90-200°C, and then enters the pyrolysis and gasification section 7 at a temperature of 300-500°C. Dry distillation occurs under conditions such as high temperature and oxygen deficiency reaction, organic macromolecules are cracked into small molecular states such as CO 2 , CO, H 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O and other combustible gases. In the process of pyrolysis and gasification, the present invention suppresses the generation of dioxins by reducing the generation of dioxin precursors, and at the same time metals such as Cu and Fe in combustible garbage or straw are not easy to generate catalysts that promote the generation of dioxins , also inhibited the production of dioxins. The combustible gas rises to the Venturi tube 16 in the vertical furnace body 2. During this process, the combustible gas is heated to 600°C by the heat source at the bottom of the vertical furnace body 2. The combustible gas passes through the tar thermal cracking catalytic device 4 and is catalyzed by plasma cracking. The device 17 is heated to 1000-1200°C, where the tar is catalytically cracked by high temperature into combustible gas, so as to achieve the purpose of tar removal.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. combined pyrolytic gasification furnace, it is characterised in that：Drawn including horizontal body of heater (1), vertical body of heater (2), vapor Device (3), tar thermal cracking catalytic unit (4), slag-draining device (5) and cyclone dust collector (6), horizontal body of heater (1) right-hand member with Vertical body of heater (2) middle and lower part vertical connection, middle part connect with vapor ejector (3), vapor ejector (3) other end Connected with vertical body of heater (2) middle and upper part, vertical body of heater (2) lower end is provided with slag-draining device (5), and tar hot tearing is provided with inside upper end Catalytic unit (4) is solved, tar thermal cracking catalytic unit (4) is connected by combustible gas discharge pipe (18) and cyclone dust collector (6) It is logical.
- 2. a kind of combined pyrolytic gasification furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described horizontal body of heater (1) is Cylinder type body of heater, internal layer body of heater (13), dryer section (8) and heat are formed by feed zone (9), dryer section (8) and pyrolytic gasification section (7) Solution gasification section (7) is provided with outer layer body of heater (14), and internal layer body of heater (13) is stretched into vertical body of heater (2), and outer layer body of heater (14) is with erecting Straight body of heater (2) barrel is connected, and internal layer body of heater (13) and outer layer body of heater (14) form toroidal cavity.
- A kind of 3. combined pyrolytic gasification furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described tar thermal cracking catalysis Device (4) includes Venturi tube (16) and plasma pyrolysis catalyst converter (17), and plasma pyrolysis catalyst converter (17) is sleeved on Venturi tube (16) is outside.
- A kind of 4. combined pyrolytic gasification furnace according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described vapor ejector (3) part connected with horizontal body of heater (1) internal layer body of heater (13) is provided with netted steam vent (15).
- 5. a kind of combined pyrolytic gasification furnace according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described internal layer body of heater (13) is straight Footpath is 500-5000mm, outer layer body of heater (14) a diameter of 1000-5600mm, and horizontal body of heater (1) length is 1000-15000mm, is entered Material section (9), dryer section (8) and pyrolytic gasification section (7) account for 1/3 respectively, and vertical body of heater (2) furnace diameter is 600-8000mm, high Spend for 2000-30000mm.
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| FR2975401A1 (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2012-11-23 | Leclerc Christian Gerard Huret | Reversible fixed bed-type gasifier for producing combustible synthesis gas to supply e.g. engines, for producing heat, has horizontal chamber equipped with push rod for assuring progression of load on bottom to solid residue discharge wells |
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| FR2975401A1 (en) * | 2011-05-18 | 2012-11-23 | Leclerc Christian Gerard Huret | Reversible fixed bed-type gasifier for producing combustible synthesis gas to supply e.g. engines, for producing heat, has horizontal chamber equipped with push rod for assuring progression of load on bottom to solid residue discharge wells |
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