CN105523637B - River water ecological environment self-regeneration method based on zoobenthos algae water plant fish - Google Patents
River water ecological environment self-regeneration method based on zoobenthos algae water plant fish Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 241000237852 Mollusca Species 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000005080 plant death Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 57
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000252234 Hypophthalmichthys nobilis Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000195649 Chlorella <Chlorellales> Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000252230 Ctenopharyngodon idella Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000724152 Palaemon modestus Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000195967 Anthoceros Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000984614 Bellamya Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001002658 Bellamya aeruginosa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001247197 Cephalocarida Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001113556 Elodea Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000404975 Synchiropus splendidus Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001123263 Zostera Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009165 saligot Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001014327 Anodontia Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000237536 Mytilus edulis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 206010002583 anodontia Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005212 anodontia Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 235000020638 mussel Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 244000017160 saligot Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000143060 Americamysis bahia Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000021060 food property Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000452298 Sinanodonta woodiana Species 0.000 description 3
- 240000001085 Trapa natans Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001609213 Carassius carassius Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000700106 Brachionus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000238571 Cladocera Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010170 biological method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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Abstract
River water ecological environment self-regeneration method based on zoobenthos algae water plant fish, the present invention relates to a kind of river water ecological environment self-regeneration method based on zoobenthos algae water plant fish.The present invention is to solve the existing river water ecological environment restorative procedure lasts phase is short, cost is high, easily causes the problem of secondary pollution, method is：First, the pollution level in river is evaluated；2nd, reed and sowing algae are planted；3rd, zooplankter and benthic mollusc are launched；4th, submerged plant is sowed；5th, shrimps, herbivorous fishes, ominivore-fish and filter-feeding fish are launched；6th, predacious fish is launched；7th, gathered in before reed and submerged plant death, catch benthic mollusc and shrimps；Fish are caught after 2 years, the lasts phase of the present invention is long, cost is low, will not cause secondary pollution.The present invention is applied to river water contamination and recovers field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of river water ecological environment self-regeneration based on zoobenthos-algae-water plant-fish
Method.
Background technology
With industrial expansion in recent years, river heavy metal pollution and eutrophication are extremely serious, relevant portion of China
For door once to national 878 rivers, the river water that total length is 87100km carries out overall merit.Evaluation result is with showing China
Table water can be divided into Pyatyi, its pollution level and as follows using situation：One-level water --- water quality is good, meets drinking water, fishery
Water supply standard, account for evaluation river total length 28.1%；Two level water --- slight pollution, meet ground water quality sanitary standard, can
Make fishery water, drinking water can be made after processing, account for total length 39.5%；Tertiary effluent --- compared with heavily contaminated, agricultural irrigation can be made
With water, total length 19.5% is accounted for；Level Four water --- heavily contaminated, agricultural irrigation requirement is not met, account for total length 6.8%；Pyatyi water,
Serious pollution, accounts for total length 6.1%.
Existing river water ecological environment restorative procedure is physical method, chemical method and biological method.Physical means are general
It is aerated for industry, desilting, builds overfall dam, changes water, diversion erosion and deposition, mechanical algae removement etc.；Chemical means are generally medicament and kill algae, throw
Molysite is added to promote phosphorus precipitation, lime denitrogenation etc.；But physical method and chemical method cost are high, and the lasts phase is short, need to constantly spend
Take a large amount of manpower and materials to be maintained, and chemical means can cause secondary pollution.Biological renovation method generally launches microorganism
And planting plants, micro organism quantity is huge, can see effect in a short time, but its life cycle is short, and the lasts phase is short, and dirty
Dye thing can not remove water body completely, therefore, now need a kind of lasts phase to grow, will not polluted-water restorative procedure.
The content of the invention
The present invention is to solve the existing river water ecological environment restorative procedure lasts phase is short, cost is high, easily causes two
A kind of the problem of secondary pollution, there is provided river water ecological environment self-regeneration based on zoobenthos-algae-water plant-fish
Method.
River water ecological environment self-regeneration method of the invention based on zoobenthos-algae-water plant-fish, it is
Follow the steps below：
First, the pollution level in river to be repaired is evaluated according to water environment quality standard；
2nd, spring is less than 1.5 meters of ecological region planting reed in river depth to be repaired, and planting density is 20~30 plants/m2,
After planting 20~30 days algae is sowed into river to be repaired；Meet the river of the class standard of water environment quality standard IV,
The application rate of algae is 200~500g/m2；Meet the river of the class standard of water environment quality standard V, the application rate of algae
For 500~800g/m2；
3rd, the water surface to river to be repaired uniformly launches zooplankter, launched in 28 days backward rivers to be repaired bottom dwell it is soft
Body animal；Meet the river of the class standard of water environment quality standard IV, the injected volume of benthic mollusc is 30~200g/
m2；Meet the river of the class standard of water environment quality standard V, the injected volume of benthic mollusc is 200~300g/m2；
8th, submerged plant is sowed into river to be repaired；Meet the river of the class standard of water environment quality standard IV, sink
The planting density of water plant is 30~70 plants/m2；Meet the river of the class standard of water environment quality standard V, submerged plant
Planting density be 70~100 plants/m2；
9th, when the coverage rate of submerged plant reaches 40~60%, launch shrimps, herbivorous fishes, ominivore-fish and
Filter-feeding fish；Wherein meet the river of the class standard of water environment quality standard IV, shrimps injected volume is 1~2 tail/m2, grass
Feeding fish injected volume is 0.01~0.03 tail/m2, ominivore-fish injected volume is 0.01~0.03 tail/m2, filter-feeding fish throwing
It is high-volume 0.01~0.03 tail/m2；Meet the river of the class standard of water environment quality standard V, shrimps injected volume is 2~3
Tail/m2, herbivorous fishes injected volume is 0.03~0.06 tail/m2, ominivore-fish injected volume is 0.03~0.06 tail/m2, filter food
Property fish injected volume is 0.03~0.06 tail/m2；
Tenth, predacious fish is launched into river to be repaired after previous step is launched 30 days, meets surface water environment quality
The river of the class standard of standard IV, injected volume are 0.01~0.03 tail/m2, meet the river of the class standard of water environment quality standard V
Stream, injected volume is 0.03~0.06 tail/m2；
11, gathered in before reed and submerged plant death, harvesting amount for the two biomass summation 30%~
50%；Winter fishing benthic mollusc and shrimps then, amount of fishing are the 30%~40% of the two biomass summation；After 2 years
Catch herbivorous fishes, ominivore-fish, filter-feeding fish and carnivority fish, herbivorous fishes, ominivore-fish and filter food
Property fishes fishing amount be the 20%~30% of three's biomass summation；The amount of fishing of carnivority fish is the 10% of its biomass.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention settles heavy metal in water by launching algae and benthic mollusc,
Planting aquatic plants (including submerged plant and emergent aquactic plant), water nutrition material is absorbed, directly gather in water plant and remove battalion
Support material；Zooplankter is launched, zooplankter (especially rotifers) individual is larger, can be directly using algae as food, so as to control algae
The quantity of class.Nutriment is absorbed by water plant, and the chip deposited after water plant death is by zoobenthos snail and shrimps
Ingested, launch herbivorous fishes, ominivore-fish and filter-feeding fish, dwelt with water plant, algae, zooplankter or bottom soft
Body animal is food, herbivorous fishes, ominivore-fish and filter-feeding fish is caught, so as to take away nutriment and heavy metal；Throw
Put predacious fish, the quantity of control herbivorous fishes, ominivore-fish and filter-feeding fish.Therefore, above-mentioned food chain is passed through
Operation, can effectively control the concentration of nutriment and heavy metal in water body, river is reached the ecological balance.The present invention passes through ground
Table quality standard of water environment evaluates the pollution level in river to be repaired, and zoobenthos, algae, water are determined according to different pollution levels
Plant and the injected volume of fish, the disposable input of the present invention, by appropriate adjustment with perfect, river aquatic ecosystem by self
Continuous service, lasts phase length；Reduce artificial maintenance and rehabilitation cost.Aquatic ecosystem after reparation has certain anti-external world
Interference performance, there are certain dirty, dirty removal capacities of receiving.In addition, fishing fish can also bring economic benefit, resource will not be caused unrestrained
Take.The lasts phase of the present invention is long, cost is low, will not cause secondary pollution.
Embodiment
Embodiment one：River Ecology of the present embodiment based on zoobenthos-algae-water plant-fish
Environment self-regeneration method, is followed the steps below：
First, the pollution level in river to be repaired is evaluated according to water environment quality standard；
2nd, spring is less than 1.5 meters of ecological region planting reed in river depth to be repaired, and planting density is 20~30 plants/m2,
After planting 20~30 days algae is sowed into river to be repaired；Meet the river of the class standard of water environment quality standard IV,
The application rate of algae is 200~500g/m2；Meet the river of the class standard of water environment quality standard V, the application rate of algae
For 500~800g/m2；
3rd, the water surface to river to be repaired uniformly launches zooplankter, launched in 28 days backward rivers to be repaired bottom dwell it is soft
Body animal；Meet the river of the class standard of water environment quality standard IV, the injected volume of benthic mollusc is 30~200g/
m2；Meet the river of the class standard of water environment quality standard V, the injected volume of benthic mollusc is 200~300g/m2；
4th, submerged plant is sowed into river to be repaired；Meet the river of the class standard of water environment quality standard IV, sink
The planting density of water plant is 30~70 plants/m2；Meet the river of the class standard of water environment quality standard V, submerged plant
Planting density be 70~100 plants/m2；
5th, when the coverage rate of submerged plant reaches 40~60%, launch shrimps, herbivorous fishes, ominivore-fish and
Filter-feeding fish；Wherein meet the river of the class standard of water environment quality standard IV, shrimps injected volume is 1~2 tail/m2, grass
Feeding fish injected volume is 0.01~0.03 tail/m2, ominivore-fish injected volume is 0.01~0.03 tail/m2, filter-feeding fish throwing
It is high-volume 0.01~0.03 tail/m2；Meet the river of the class standard of water environment quality standard V, shrimps injected volume is 2~3
Tail/m2, herbivorous fishes injected volume is 0.03~0.06 tail/m2, ominivore-fish injected volume is 0.03~0.06 tail/m2, filter food
Property fish injected volume is 0.03~0.06 tail/m2；
6th, predacious fish is launched into river to be repaired after previous step is launched 30 days, meets surface water environment quality
The river of the class standard of standard IV, injected volume are 0.01~0.03 tail/m2, meet the river of the class standard of water environment quality standard V
Stream, injected volume is 0.03~0.06 tail/m2；
7th, gathered in before reed and submerged plant death, harvesting amount for the two biomass summation 30%~
50%；Winter fishing benthic mollusc and shrimps then, amount of fishing are the 30%~40% of the two biomass summation；After 2 years
Catch herbivorous fishes, ominivore-fish, filter-feeding fish and carnivority fish, herbivorous fishes, ominivore-fish and filter food
Property fishes fishing amount be the 20%~30% of three's biomass summation；The amount of fishing of carnivority fish is the 10% of its biomass.
Water environment quality standard described in present embodiment is GB3838-2002.
The beneficial effect of present embodiment is：Present embodiment makes a huge sum of money in water by launching algae and benthic mollusc
Category sedimentation, planting aquatic plants (including submerged plant and emergent aquactic plant), absorbs water nutrition material, directly gathers in water plant
Remove nutriment；Launch zooplankter, zooplankter (especially rotifers) individual it is larger, can directly using algae for food so that
Control the quantity of algae.Nutriment is absorbed by water plant, and the chip deposited after water plant death is by zoobenthos snail
Ingested with shrimps, launch herbivorous fishes, ominivore-fish and filter-feeding fish, with water plant, algae, zooplankter or
Benthic mollusc is food, herbivorous fishes, ominivore-fish and filter-feeding fish is caught, so as to take away nutriment and a huge sum of money
Category；Launch predacious fish, the quantity of control herbivorous fishes, ominivore-fish and filter-feeding fish.Therefore, above-mentioned food is passed through
The operation of thing chain, the concentration of nutriment and heavy metal in water body can be effectively controlled, river is reached the ecological balance.This embodiment party
Formula evaluates the pollution level in river to be repaired by water environment quality standard, determines that bottom is dwelt according to different pollution levels
Thing, algae, water plant and the injected volume of fish, present embodiment are disposably put into, by appropriate adjustment and perfect, river water
The ecosystem grows self continuous service, lasts phase；Reduce artificial maintenance and rehabilitation cost.Aquatic ecosystem after reparation
With certain external interference resistance, there are certain dirty, dirty removal capacities of receiving.In addition, fishing fish can also bring economic benefit,
The wasting of resources will not be caused.The present embodiment lasts phase is long, cost is low, will not cause secondary pollution.
Embodiment two：Present embodiment is from the algae unlike embodiment one described in step 2
Chlorella.It is other identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three：Swimming described in present embodiment step 3 unlike embodiment one or two
Animal is wheel animalcule or cladocera.It is other identical with embodiment one or two.
Cladocera described in present embodiment is flea shape Pan, large-scale Pan, carina Pan, wise water Pan, square reticulate pattern Pan, transparent Pan
With helmet shape Pan；Wheel animalcule is crystal sac wheel animalcule, large-scale different tail and Brachionus.
Embodiment four：Described in step 3 unlike one of present embodiment and embodiment one to three
Benthic mollusc is that the one or more in Bellamya Aeruginosa Reeve, Bellamya purificate and anodonta woodiana pacifica are mixed by any ratio.Its
It is identical with one of embodiment one to three.
Embodiment five：Described in step 4 unlike one of present embodiment and embodiment one to four
Submerged plant is that the one or more in hornwort, waterweed, eel grass and water caltrop are mixed by any ratio.Other and specific embodiment party
One of formula one to four is identical.
Embodiment six：Described in step 5 unlike one of present embodiment and embodiment one to five
Shrimps are that one or both of Freshwater Shrimp Exopalaemon modestus and freshwater shrimp are mixed by any ratio.Other phases one of with embodiment one to five
Together.
Embodiment seven：Unlike one of present embodiment and embodiment one to six described in step 5
Herbivorous fishes be grass carp.It is other identical with one of embodiment one to six.
Embodiment eight：Unlike one of present embodiment and embodiment one to seven described in step 5
Filter-feeding fish be mixed by any ratio for one or both of silver carp and bighead.It is other with embodiment one to seven it
One is identical.
Embodiment nine：Described in step 5 unlike one of present embodiment and embodiment one to eight
Ominivore-fish is crucian.It is other identical with one of embodiment one to eight.
Embodiment ten：Unlike one of present embodiment and embodiment one to nine described in step 6
Predacious fish be mandarin fish.It is other identical with one of embodiment one to nine.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are verified by following examples：
Embodiment one：River water ecological environment of the present embodiment based on zoobenthos-algae-water plant-fish self
Restorative procedure, follow the steps below：
First, a contaminated river is selected in Central China, river to be repaired is evaluated according to water environment quality standard
Stream, the river meets the class standard of water environment quality standard IV；
2nd, spring is less than 1.5 meters of ecological region planting reed in river depth to be repaired, and planting density is 25 plants/m2, planting
Plant 28 days and chlorella is sowed in backward river to be repaired, the application rate of chlorella is 300g/m2；
3rd, the water surface to river to be repaired uniformly launches zooplankter, launched in 28 days backward rivers to be repaired bottom dwell it is soft
Body animal, the injected volume of benthic mollusc is 100g/m2；
4th, submerged plant is sowed into river to be repaired, planting density is 50 plants/m2；
5th, when the coverage rate of submerged plant reaches 50%, Freshwater Shrimp Exopalaemon modestus, freshwater shrimp, grass carp, silver carp, bighead and crucian carp are launched
Fish；Freshwater Shrimp Exopalaemon modestus injected volume is 1 tail/m2, freshwater shrimp injected volume is 1 tail/m2, grass carp injected volume is 0.02 tail/m2, silver carp injected volume
For 0.01 tail/m2, bighead injected volume is 0.02 tail/m2, crucian injected volume is 0.02 tail/m2；
6th, mandarin fish is launched into river to be repaired after previous step is launched 30 days, injected volume is 0.02 tail/m2；
7th, gathered in before reed and submerged plant death, harvesting amount is the 40% of the two biomass summation；Then
Winter catches benthic mollusc and shrimps, and amount of fishing is the 30% of the two biomass summation；After 2 years catch herbivorous fishes,
Ominivore-fish, filter-feeding fish and carnivority fish, herbivorous fishes, ominivore-fish and filter-feeding fish amount of fishing are three
The 20% of person's biomass summation；The amount of fishing of carnivority fish is the 10% of its biomass.
Water environment quality standard described in the present embodiment is GB3838-2002.Described cladocera is flea shape Pan, greatly
Type Pan, carina Pan, wise water Pan, square reticulate pattern Pan, transparent Pan and helmet shape Pan；Wheel animalcule is crystal sac wheel animalcule, large-scale different tail and arm tail
Wheel animalcule；Benthic mollusc described in step 3 is one kind or several in Bellamya Aeruginosa Reeve, Bellamya purificate and anodonta woodiana pacifica
Kind is mixed by any ratio.Submerged plant described in step 4 is that the one or more in hornwort, waterweed, eel grass and water caltrop are pressed
Any ratio mixing.
Water-quality ratio is relatively shown in Table 1 before and after the present embodiment reparation, by table 1, finds the effect that water quality is gradually purified
Clearly, and water quality keeps relative stability substantially.The biological self-purification of aquatic ecosystem is successfully utilized, has reached fast
Speed removes and reduces the purpose of river pollution, and water quality of river grade returns to II classes from preprosthetic IV class.
Table 1
Embodiment two：River water ecological environment of the present embodiment based on zoobenthos-algae-water plant-fish self
Restorative procedure, follow the steps below：
First, a contaminated river is selected in South China, river to be repaired is evaluated according to water environment quality standard
Stream, the river meets the class standard of water environment quality standard V；
2nd, spring is less than 1.5 meters of ecological region planting reed in river depth to be repaired, and planting density is 30 plants/m2, planting
Plant 28 days and chlorella is sowed in backward river to be repaired, the application rate of chlorella is 550g/m2；
3rd, the water surface to river to be repaired uniformly launches zooplankter, launched in 28 days backward rivers to be repaired bottom dwell it is soft
Body animal, the injected volume of benthic mollusc is 260g/m2；
4th, submerged plant is sowed into river to be repaired, planting density is 80 plants/m2；
5th, when the coverage rate of submerged plant reaches 50%, Freshwater Shrimp Exopalaemon modestus, freshwater shrimp, grass carp, silver carp, bighead and crucian carp are launched
Fish；Freshwater Shrimp Exopalaemon modestus injected volume is 2 tails/m2, freshwater shrimp injected volume is 1 tail/m2, grass carp injected volume is 0.05 tail/m2, silver carp injected volume
For 0.02 tail/m2, bighead injected volume is 0.03 tail/m2, crucian injected volume is 0.05 tail/m2；
6th, mandarin fish is launched into river to be repaired after previous step is launched 30 days, injected volume is 0.04 tail/m2；
7th, gathered in before reed and submerged plant death, harvesting amount is the 50% of the two biomass summation；Then
Winter catches benthic mollusc and shrimps, and amount of fishing is the 30% of the two biomass summation；After 2 years catch herbivorous fishes,
Ominivore-fish, filter-feeding fish and carnivority fish, herbivorous fishes, ominivore-fish and filter-feeding fish amount of fishing are three
The 20% of person's biomass summation；The amount of fishing of carnivority fish is the 10% of its biomass.
Water environment quality standard described in the present embodiment is GB3838-2002.Described cladocera is flea shape Pan, greatly
Type Pan, carina Pan, wise water Pan, square reticulate pattern Pan, transparent Pan and helmet shape Pan；Wheel animalcule is crystal sac wheel animalcule, large-scale different tail and arm tail
Wheel animalcule；Benthic mollusc described in step 3 is one kind or several in Bellamya Aeruginosa Reeve, Bellamya purificate and anodonta woodiana pacifica
Kind is mixed by any ratio.Submerged plant described in step 4 is that the one or more in hornwort, waterweed, eel grass and water caltrop are pressed
Any ratio mixing.
Water-quality ratio is relatively shown in Table 2 before and after the present embodiment reparation, by table 2, finds the effect that water quality is gradually purified
Clearly, and water quality keeps relative stability substantially.The biological self-purification of aquatic ecosystem is successfully utilized, has reached fast
Speed removes and reduces the purpose of river pollution, and water quality of river grade returns to II classes from preprosthetic V class.
Table 2
As seen from the above embodiment, the present invention settles heavy metal in water by launching algae and benthic mollusc, kind
Water plant (including submerged plant and emergent aquactic plant) is planted, absorbs water nutrition material, water plant is directly gathered in and removes nutrition
Material；Zooplankter is launched, zooplankter (especially rotifers) individual is larger, can be directly using algae as food, so as to a control algae
The quantity of class.Nutriment is absorbed by water plant, and the chip deposited after water plant death is by zoobenthos snail and shrimps
Ingested, launch herbivorous fishes, ominivore-fish and filter-feeding fish, dwelt with water plant, algae, zooplankter or bottom soft
Body animal is food, herbivorous fishes, ominivore-fish and filter-feeding fish is caught, so as to take away nutriment and heavy metal；Throw
Put predacious fish, the quantity of control herbivorous fishes, ominivore-fish and filter-feeding fish.Therefore, above-mentioned food chain is passed through
Operation, can effectively control the concentration of nutriment and heavy metal in water body, river is reached the ecological balance.The present invention passes through ground
Table quality standard of water environment evaluates the pollution level in river to be repaired, and zoobenthos, algae, water are determined according to different pollution levels
Plant and the injected volume of fish, the disposable input of the present invention, by appropriate adjustment with perfect, river aquatic ecosystem by self
Continuous service, lasts phase length；Reduce artificial maintenance and rehabilitation cost.Aquatic ecosystem after reparation has certain anti-external world
Interference performance, there are certain dirty, dirty removal capacities of receiving.In addition, fishing fish can also bring economic benefit, resource will not be caused unrestrained
Take.The lasts phase of the present invention is long, cost is low, will not cause secondary pollution.
Claims (10)
1. the river water ecological environment self-regeneration method based on zoobenthos-algae-water plant-fish, it is characterised in that
This method is specifically what is followed the steps below：
First, the pollution level in river to be repaired is evaluated according to water environment quality standard；
2nd, spring is less than 1.5 meters of ecological region planting reed in river depth to be repaired, and planting density is 20~30 plants/m2, planting
Plant 20~30 days and sow algae in backward river to be repaired；Meet the river of the class standard of water environment quality standard IV, algae
Application rate be 200~500g/m2；Meet the river of the class standard of water environment quality standard V, the application rate of algae is 500
~800g/m2；
3rd, the water surface to river to be repaired uniformly launches zooplankter, and bottom software of dwelling is launched in 28 days backward rivers to be repaired and is moved
Thing；Meet the river of the class standard of water environment quality standard IV, the injected volume of benthic mollusc is 30~200g/m2；Symbol
The river of the class standard of water environment quality standard V is closed, the injected volume of benthic mollusc is 200~300g/m2；
4th, submerged plant is sowed into river to be repaired；Meet the river of the class standard of water environment quality standard IV, the water that sinks is planted
The planting density of thing is 30~70 plants/m2；Meet the river of the class standard of water environment quality standard V, the kind of submerged plant
Density in planting is 70~100 plants/m2；
5th, when the coverage rate of submerged plant reaches 40~60%, shrimps, herbivorous fishes, ominivore-fish and filter food are launched
Property fish；Wherein meet the river of the class standard of water environment quality standard IV, shrimps injected volume is 1~2 tail/m2, phytophage
Fish injected volume is 0.01~0.03 tail/m2, ominivore-fish injected volume is 0.01~0.03 tail/m2, filter-feeding fish injected volume
For 0.01~0.03 tail/m2；Meet the river of the class standard of water environment quality standard V, shrimps injected volume is 2~3 tails/m2,
Herbivorous fishes injected volume is 0.03~0.06 tail/m2, ominivore-fish injected volume is 0.03~0.06 tail/m2, filter-feeding fish
Injected volume is 0.03~0.06 tail/m2；
6th, predacious fish is launched into river to be repaired after previous step is launched 30 days, meets water environment quality standard
The river of IV class standard, injected volume are 0.01~0.03 tail/m2, meet the river of the class standard of water environment quality standard V,
Injected volume is 0.03~0.06 tail/m2；
7th, gathered in before reed and submerged plant death, harvesting amount is the 30%~50% of the two biomass summation；When
Winter in year fishing benthic mollusc and shrimps, amount of fishing are the 30%~40% of the two biomass summation；Grass is caught after 2 years
Feeding fish, ominivore-fish, filter-feeding fish and carnivority fish, herbivorous fishes, ominivore-fish and filter-feeding fish
Amount of fishing is the 20%~30% of three's biomass summation；The amount of fishing of carnivority fish is the 10% of its biomass.
2. the river water ecological environment according to claim 1 based on zoobenthos-algae-water plant-fish self
Restorative procedure, it is characterised in that the algae described in step 2 is chlorella.
3. the river water ecological environment according to claim 1 based on zoobenthos-algae-water plant-fish self
Restorative procedure, it is characterised in that the zooplankter described in step 3 is wheel animalcule or cladocera.
4. the river water ecological environment according to claim 1 based on zoobenthos-algae-water plant-fish self
Restorative procedure, it is characterised in that the benthic mollusc described in step 3 is Bellamya Aeruginosa Reeve, Bellamya purificate and dorsal horn are anodontia
One or more in freshwater mussel are mixed by any ratio.
5. the river water ecological environment according to claim 1 based on zoobenthos-algae-water plant-fish self
Restorative procedure, it is characterised in that the submerged plant described in step 4 is one kind or several in hornwort, waterweed, eel grass and water caltrop
Kind is mixed by any ratio.
6. the river water ecological environment according to claim 1 based on zoobenthos-algae-water plant-fish self
Restorative procedure, it is characterised in that the shrimps described in step 5 are mixed by any ratio for one or both of Freshwater Shrimp Exopalaemon modestus and freshwater shrimp
Close.
7. the river water ecological environment according to claim 1 based on zoobenthos-algae-water plant-fish self
Restorative procedure, it is characterised in that the herbivorous fishes described in step 5 are grass carp.
8. the river water ecological environment according to claim 1 based on zoobenthos-algae-water plant-fish self
Restorative procedure, filter-feeding fish of its feature described in step 5 are that one or both of silver carp and bighead are mixed by any ratio
Close.
9. the river water ecological environment according to claim 1 based on zoobenthos-algae-water plant-fish self
Restorative procedure, it is characterised in that the ominivore-fish described in step 5 is crucian.
10. the river water ecological environment according to claim 1 based on zoobenthos-algae-water plant-fish self
Restorative procedure, it is characterised in that the predacious fish described in step 6 is mandarin fish.
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