CN105503194A - 一种蓝晶石选矿尾矿转型转相制备SiC-Al2O3复相粉体的方法 - Google Patents
一种蓝晶石选矿尾矿转型转相制备SiC-Al2O3复相粉体的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- INJRKJPEYSAMPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;silicic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al].[Al].O[Si](O)(O)O INJRKJPEYSAMPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910052850 kyanite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000010443 kyanite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 6
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 6
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 through batching Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KMWBBMXGHHLDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [AlH3].[Si] Chemical compound [AlH3].[Si] KMWBBMXGHHLDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种蓝晶石选矿尾矿转型转相制备SiC-Al2O3复相粉体的方法，属于耐火材料制备技术领域。本发明以蓝晶石选矿尾矿和碳质材料为原料，经配料、球磨混料、高温碳热还原反应以及除碳等工艺制备得到了SiC-Al2O3复相粉体。本发明制备得到的SiC-Al2O3复相粉体中SiC-Al2O3含量高于95wt.％，可以用于制备SiC-Al2O3复相耐高温材料并广泛应用于高性能耐火材料领域。本发明解决了目前蓝晶石选矿尾矿处理成本高、经济效益和环境效益差、开发利用率低等缺点，为蓝晶石选矿尾矿这类固体废弃物提供了一条具备高附加值的新途径。
Description
技术领域：
本发明涉及一种蓝晶石选矿尾矿转型转相制备SiC-Al2O3复相粉体的方法，属耐火材料制备技术领域。
背景技术：
碳化硅(SiC)具有化学性能稳定、导热系数高、热膨胀系数小、耐磨性能好、硬度高等特点，已经被广泛应用于功能陶瓷、高级耐火材料、磨料及冶金原料等多个工业领域。氧化铝(Al2O3)也具备高强度、高温稳定性、高硬度、高耐磨性、熔点高、抗腐蚀等优异性能，在磨料、耐高温陶瓷材料以及耐火材料等诸多领域有广泛的应用。SiC-Al2O3复相材料兼具二者的优异性能，且具有力学性能可控的特点，具有巨大的研究前景和应用价值。但是目前SiC-Al2O3复相材料主要采用高温烧结等复杂工艺制备得到，导致其制备成本和能耗均较高，从而进一步限制了该复相材料的推广应用。
蓝晶石选矿尾矿是优质蓝晶石矿利用过程中产生的大量固体废弃物，由于利用程度较低等原因导致了很多严峻问题，如尾矿大面积堆积产生严重的环境问题与自然灾害等隐患。研究发现，蓝晶石选矿尾矿的主要成分为SiO2和Al2O3，与常见铝硅系矿物成分较为接近，课题通过工艺控制转型转相得到具有实用价值的新材料，具有很好的研究价值和实际意义。结合实际研究结果，本发明提出采用碳热还原方法实现蓝晶石选矿尾矿转型转相的新工艺，获得SiC-Al2O3复相材料与普通工艺生产制备的SiC-Al2O3复相粉体相比，采用蓝晶石选矿尾矿为原料进行转型转相处理，不仅降低了原材料成本，也省去了混料等工艺过程，通过进一步加工可制备得到SiC-Al2O3复相耐火材料，这也解决了蓝晶石选矿尾矿的应用难等问题提供了新的途径。
发明内容：
本发明的目的在于提出一种蓝晶石选矿尾矿转型转相制备SiC-Al2O3复相粉体的方法，利用固体废弃物蓝晶石选矿尾矿和价格低廉的焦炭为主要原料，在碳热还原的条件下实现蓝晶石尾矿选矿的转型转相，从而解决蓝晶石选矿尾矿利用程度低等问题。
本发明提出的一种蓝晶石选矿尾矿转型转相制备SiC-Al2O3复相粉体的方法，其特征在于：采用均化处理的蓝晶石选矿尾矿粉体和碳质材料为原料，经配料、球磨混料、干压成型、埋碳高温碳热还原反应、磨细及除碳等工艺，制备得到SiC-Al2O3复相粉体。
所述的制备方法，其特征在于：碳质材料包括焦炭、无烟煤等，其理论用量按照尾矿中SiO2被完全转化为SiC计算得到，其用量范围为理论值到过量200％；球磨时间为1-50h；干压成型的压力为1-40MPa；碳热还原反应在埋碳气氛下进行，反应温度为1200-1800℃，反应时间为1-20h；除碳温度为700℃，除碳时间为1-3小时。
按照本发明所述方法制备得到的SiC-Al2O3复相粉体中SiC-Al2O3含量高于95wt.％，可以用于制备SiC-Al2O3复相耐高温材料并广泛应用于高性能耐火材料领域。
具体实施方式：
下面通过具体实施例，更详细地说明本发明，这些实施例只是用于帮助容易地理解本发明，但并不局限于这些实施例。
实施例1
原料：
蓝晶石选矿尾矿为工业废弃物，其主要成分为氧化铝含量20-50％，二氧化硅含量50-80％，少量K2O，Fe2O3等杂质。
碳质材料为焦炭，其质量要求为含碳量80％，灰分不大于8％，挥发分不大于7％，含硫量小于2％，水分不大于5％，粒度小于20mm。
将上述材料中的蓝晶石选矿尾矿和焦炭分别研磨后过100目筛，称量蓝晶石选矿尾矿100克，焦炭为过量50％质量为59.87克，放入球磨罐中，干混12小时，将球磨后的粉体倒入钢模中，利用粉末压片机，在压力为20MPa下进行干压成型。
将上述片状样品在埋焦炭碳气氛中，在1550℃保温4小时后自然冷却至室温，经磨细并在700℃下除碳1小时得到SiC-Al2O3复相粉体，其SiC-Al2O3的含量为96.4％。
实施例2
原料：
蓝晶石选矿尾矿为工业废弃物，其主要成分为氧化铝含量20-50％，二氧化硅含量50-80％，少量K2O，Fe2O3等杂质。
碳质材料为无烟煤，其质量要求为含碳量80％，灰分不大于8％，挥发分不大于7％，含硫量小于2％，水分不大于5％，粒度小于20mm。
将上述材料中的蓝晶石选矿尾矿和无烟煤分别研磨后过100目筛，称量蓝晶石选矿尾矿100克，无烟煤为过量100％质量为79.83克，放入球磨罐中，干混12小时，将球磨后的粉体倒入钢模中，利用粉末压片机，在压力为25MPa下进行干压成型。
将上述片状样品置于埋碳气氛中，在1600℃保温5小时后自然冷却至室温，取出样品经磨细和700℃除碳2小时得到SiC-Al2O3复相粉体，其SiC-Al2O3含量为97.1％。
Claims (5)
1.一种蓝晶石选矿尾矿转型转相制备SiC-Al2O3复相粉体的方法，其特征在于该方法的步骤为：选用蓝晶石选矿尾矿和碳质材料为原料，经配料、球磨混料、干压成型、埋碳高温碳热还原反应、磨细及除碳等工艺，制备得到SiC-Al2O3复相粉体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的原料，其特征在于：蓝晶石选矿尾矿需经粉碎和均化等处理得到均匀的尾矿粉体，其主要成分为氧化铝含量20-50％，二氧化硅含量50-80％，少量K2O，Fe2O3等杂质。碳质材料为焦炭、炭黑、无烟煤等非氧化物块体，均为市售工业原料，其质量要求为含碳量80％，灰分不大于8％，挥发分不大于7％，含硫量小于2％，水分不大于5％，粒度小于20mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的碳热还原反应，其特征在于：该反应在埋碳气氛下进行，反应温度为1200-1800℃，反应时间为1-20h；碳质材料包括焦炭、无烟煤等，其理论用量按照尾矿中SiO2被完全转化为SiC计算得到，其用量范围为理论值到过量200％。
4.根据权利要求1所述的除碳工艺，其特征在于：除碳温度为700℃，除碳时间为1-3小时。
5.根据权利要求1所述方法制备得到的SiC-Al2O3复相粉体，其特征在于：该复相粉体中SiC-Al2O3含量高于95wt.％，可以用于制备SiC-Al2O3复相耐高温材料并广泛应用于高性能耐火材料领域。
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108218393A (zh) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-06-29 | 中国地质大学（北京） | 一种利用煤矸石制备Al2O3-SiC-C系炮泥耐火材料的方法 |
| CN108892513A (zh) * | 2018-09-20 | 2018-11-27 | 东北大学 | 一种利用感应炉制备碳化硅粉体的方法 |
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