CN105494183A - Method for enhancing ocean carbon sink and artificial flow building device - Google Patents
Method for enhancing ocean carbon sink and artificial flow building device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105494183A CN105494183A CN201510885442.3A CN201510885442A CN105494183A CN 105494183 A CN105494183 A CN 105494183A CN 201510885442 A CN201510885442 A CN 201510885442A CN 105494183 A CN105494183 A CN 105494183A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/60—Fishing; Aquaculture; Aquafarming
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Seaweed (AREA)
- Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for enhancing ocean carbon sink. According to the method, CO2 is absorbed through photosynthesis of phytoplankton to increase ocean carbon sink. The method includes the specific steps that a specially-made artificial flow building device is utilized to generate upwelling so as to lift abundant nutritive salt seawater in deep ocean up to the surface euphotic layer, surface phytoplankton is subjected to mass propagation (even red tide is caused) and participates in photosynthesis, and a great amount of CO2 is converted into organic matter in the body of the phytoplankton through the photosynthesis; then the artificial flow building device is utilized to generate downwelling so as to rapidly absorb the phytoplankton into the deep ocean, the phytoplankton dies rapidly in a low temperature environment without light, and carbon sinks to the seabed along with the dead living bodies and is stored in an ocean carbon library. According to the method, propagation of the ocean phytoplankton is promoted, and the phytoplankton is made to sink to the seabed rapidly to increase the ocean carbon sink amount, so that the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere is effectively lowered, and the crisis of climate warming is relieved. The invention further discloses the artificial flow building device for enhancing ocean carbon sink.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to marine ecology engineering field, especially relate to a kind of method and the artificial flowing device that strengthen marine carbon remittance.
Background technology
Since the industrial revolution, due to the impact of mankind's activity, CO in air
2concentration significantly increase, global warming phenomenon is on the rise, and carbon to converge be alleviate the important channel of global warming.Ocean is converged as important carbon and has been subjected to increasing concern, marine systems be carbon maximum on the earth converge (see, Shi Honghua, Wang Xiaoli, Zheng Wei etc. solid carbon ability Research on Evaluation Method progress [J] of marine ecosystems. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2014,34 (1): 12-22.), on the earth about 93% CO
2be stored in ocean, be about 50 times of air, marine carbon storehouse plays an important role in the Global Biogeochemical Cycle of carbon.Marine organisms catch CO
2ability be called as " blue carbon remittance ", be also called " marine carbon remittance " (see, Xu Donglan. blue carbon converges: ocean low-carbon economy new approaches [J]. China Fisheries economy, 2011,29 (6): 44-49.).The solid carbon mechanism in ocean known at present mainly comprises bio-pump, physics pump (solvability pump) and carbonate (oppositely) pump.
The physical exchange process that physics pump is is the carbon of medium by physical process (as heat flux, whirling motion, diffusion etc.), driving force is from CO in ocean slowly circulation and cold water
2solvability higher than warm water body, solvability pump artificial adjustment is very difficult, and CO
2can carbonic acid be formed after water-soluble, aggravation Ocean acidification, shell can be caused to be that calcareous shell, shellfish, calcification algae and coral dissolve.Carbonate (oppositely) pump generates 1mol calcium carbonate and finally has 0.67molCO
2discharge into the atmosphere, these two contrary processes can determine that calcification process is to sea surface CO
2be " source " or " remittance ", usually use rain rate, namely in the source of students particle exporting euphotic layer, the ratio of DIC and DOC represents, if the solid carbon of photosynthesis is greater than only discharge CO
2, rain rate, higher than 1.5, just can be regarded carbon as and converge.Formation due to calcium carbonate is all at euphotic layer, the CO discharged
2being all accumulate in euphotic layer, therefore, in short-term time scale, reducing Atmospheric CO by forming calcium carbonate
2deGrain.
Bio-pump, also known as organic carbon pump, be based on biology mediation by carbon by the process of top layer to deep-sea and submarine sediment environment sedimentation, biology plays the effect of one " passage " in this process, is mainly realized by organic carbon pump in the carbon cycle process of marine ecosystems.In recent years, the method for carrying out photosynthetic carbon fixation with photoautotrophic phytoplanktons such as the micro-algae of eucaryon and cyanobacterias has been subject to extensive concern (as public CN104430080, CN104472409).Phytoplankton is the primary productivity in ocean, the area of earth surface more than 70% is ocean, phytoplankton for top layer euphotic layer provides enough photosynthesis places, therefore the solid carbon of bio-pump is utilized to have great application potential, but owing to lacking nutriment in euphotic layer, thus limit the carbon solidification effect of bio-pump, the technology of existing report often need large area add the nutriments such as molysite just can reach certain effect (see, Li Chunhou, Qi Zhanhui, Huang Honghui etc. marine carbon remittance progress and South Sea carbon remittance Fisheries Development Discussion on Direction [J]. southern aquatic products, 2010, 6 (6): 81-86. and, Sun Jun. marine phytoplankton and biological carbon are converged. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2011, 31 (18): 5372-5378.).
It should be noted that below euphotic layer, be stored in bottom deep-sea and have a large amount of nutriments, only the nutritive salt at deep-sea need be extracted euphotic layer, just likely promote the growth and breeding of phytoplankton, increase phytoplankton and absorb CO in fixing air
2efficiency; On the other hand, the carbon on top layer is only had to be that marine organisms absorb, and after being transported to deep-sea, this bio-pump is only effectively, but under natural conditions, animals and plants remains, excrement ball etc. arrive deep-sea is sedimentation at a slow speed, and sedimentation at a slow speed by cause dead phytoplankton very soon by bacteria lysis, be degraded into dissolved organic matter or CO
2release reaches in water body, and such carbon only can rest in the water body of upper strata, does not participate in the dissolving pump process of carbon, converges not contribution for carbon, and the rapid subsidence therefore realizing carbon is that the another one of enhanced biological pump carbon remittance effect has key issue to be solved.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the defect overcoming the existence of existing bio-pump carbon-fixation-technology, a kind of nutritive salt utilized in artificial upwelling effect lifting deep-sea is provided, impel top layer phytoplankton bloom, and accelerated marine ecology engineering system and the construction method thereof of phytoplankton subsiding by artificial sinking, thus greatly strengthen marine carbon remittance.
The present invention proposes a kind of enhancing marine carbon remittance method, the method comprises the following steps:
Step one: utilize artificial flowing device to form upwelling, will be rich in the seawater lift of nutritive salt to real surface photosphere in deep-sea, for phytoplankton provides wide photosynthesis place, and provides sufficient nutrition and illumination condition;
Step 2: top layer phytoplankton amount reproduction in abundant nutritive salt water body, works as illumination, temperature, after nutritive salt condition all meets, by photosynthesis by a large amount of CO
2be converted into organic matter in phytoplankton body;
Step 3: until phytoplankton bloom until reach comparatively after high-biomass, recycling artificial flowing device internal propeller, form sinking and phytoplankton is sucked deep-sea fast, do not having in illumination and low temperature environment, phytoplankton is dead rapidly, carbon sinks to seabed along with the remains of dead organism, is stored in marine carbon storehouse.
The invention allows for a kind of for strengthening the artificial flowing device that marine carbon converges, comprising:
The main body of tubular structure, it extends to deep-sea from sponge;
Phytoplankton collects mouth, and it is arranged on the top of described main body, for collecting phytoplankton;
Air cavity, it is arranged on the middle part of described main body, is connected with the air compressor on sea by pipeline, and for forming air mass in described main body, the water body promoted in described main body rises or declines;
Sea scaffold, it is arranged on the top of described main body, and scaffold inside, described sea is provided with float and screw; And
Sinker, it is arranged on the bottom of described main body, is erected in also keeps stable in ocean for making described body normal.
In the described artificial flowing device that the present invention proposes, the diameter of described main body is 1-3m, is highly 20-30m, and top is apart from water surface 1-2m.
In the described artificial flowing device that the present invention proposes, the air cavity volume 0.5-1m3 of described air cavity, width is 0.5-1m, is highly 1-3m.
In the described artificial flowing device that the present invention proposes, described sea scaffold is that hdpe pipe is formed, and diameter is 8m, nets dark 5 meters.
In the described artificial flowing device that the present invention proposes, the plastics ball foam of described float to be diameter be 0.5m.
In the described artificial flowing device that the present invention proposes, the cement block of described sinker to be substance be 5kg.
In the described artificial flowing device that the present invention proposes, described screw is plastic cement oar, and diameter is 1m, and blade number is 4, and rotating speed is >300 rev/min.
In the described artificial flowing device that the present invention proposes, the upwelling duration at least 12h/ days that described artificial flowing device produces, flow velocity is 1-2m/s; Sinking flow velocity is 1-2m/s, and guarantee that phytoplankton can be sucked seabed fast, the duration is >12h/ days.
In the described artificial flowing device that the present invention proposes, when implementing violent period at water body thermally stratified layer in summer, the upwelling mode operation time is 5-7 days; Sinking operational mode is 3-5 days.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The invention provides one easy, efficiently, green, environmental protection, safety, continuable engineering, utilizes water body flow from bottom to top to make a large amount of deep-seas nutritive salt enter seawater surface, promotes phytoplankton growth breeding, absorbs a large amount of CO from air
2, reduce Atmospheric CO
2concentration, extenuates global warming crisis.The method can utilize existing apparatus to carry out artificial adjustment, makes the mankind control CO in air as required
2idea come true.
The light that the present invention utilizes, heat, material consumption resources such as fertile (nutritive salt) is free, so be a low cost, the marine carbon remittance scheme of high repayment, by starting artificial flowing device internal helicoid oar, fast phytoplankton is sunk in deep-sea, avoid C to be stored in seabed due to the process of cracking and degraded in infall process at a slow speed, transfer solid carbon method to biological sequestration method by traditional physico-chemical process, transfer by land forest the main battle ground that Global Carbon converges to marine ecosystems.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of artificial flowing device;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagrames of current in artificial flowing device.
In Fig. 1-2,1-main body, 2-sea scaffold, 3-float, 4-phytoplankton collects mouth, 5-screw, 6-sinker, 7-air inlet, 8-air cavity, 9-air mass.
Embodiment
In conjunction with following specific embodiments and the drawings, the present invention is described in further detail.Implement process of the present invention, condition, experimental technique etc., except the following content mentioned specially, be universal knowledege and the common practise of this area, the present invention is not particularly limited content.
The concrete implementation step of method that the present invention strengthens marine carbon remittance is as follows:
1) selecting the Lagoon of the suitable work on the spot carried out, when occurring according to local water body vertical water temperature situation determination water body thermally stratified layer scene summer, utilizing operation ship that artificial flowing device, sea scaffold etc. are transported to Project Areas;
2) as shown in Figure 1, by connection sea, artificial flowing device top scaffold 2.Sea scaffold 2 is made up of high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE) tubing, and diameter is 8m, degree of depth 5m.The phytoplankton collection mouth 4 that 6 diameters are 10cm is offered in main body 1 upper end of artificial flowing device.Experimentally seawater mean flow rate, the plastic foam float 3 that 10 diameters are 0.5m is hung around sea scaffold 2, artificial flowing apparatus main body 1 two bottom sides connects the cement sinker 6 of 4 substance 5kg, adjustment float 3 and sinker 6 make artificial flowing device be upright in water, and make artificial flowing device top apart from water surface 2m.Make the screw 5 of air-flow antikinesis (generation sinking) connect sea scaffold 2, hang on main body 1 inner upper; Screw is the plastic cement oar that cost performance is higher, and diameter is 1m, and blade number is 4, when rotating speed is 500 revs/min; Artificial flowing device air cavity air inlet 7 is connected with air compressor on operation ship;
2) air compressor on operation ship is opened, for artificial flowing device air feed, form upwelling, flow velocity is 1m/s, duration is 12h/ days, be rich in nitrogen, phosphorus by deep-sea (distance seabed 2-5m), the seawater lift of the nutritive salt such as iron is to real surface photosphere (distance sea level 0-3m).
3) top layer phytoplankton amount reproduction in abundant nutritive salt water body, works as illumination, temperature, after nutritive salt and other conditions all meets, by photosynthesis by a large amount of CO
2be converted into organic matter in phytoplankton body;
4) artificial flowing plant running a period of time (5-7 days), treat that phytoplankton bloom reaches comparatively after high-biomass, recycling artificial flowing device and counter rotating propeller, form sinking, flow velocity reaches 1m/s, phytoplankton is sucked deep-sea fast, and the duration is 12h/ days, till most of phytoplankton is inhaled into deep-sea, do not having in illumination and low temperature environment, phytoplankton is dead rapidly, and carbon sinks to seabed along with the remains of dead organism, is stored in marine carbon storehouse.
In one embodiment of the invention, testing place is Dongtou, Wenzhou Lagoon.Water surface area is about 38000m
2, mean depth of water 30m.Surface seawater nitrogen concentration is about 0.2mmol/m
3, phosphorus content is about 0.08mmol/m
3iron content is about 0.8mg/L, primary production of phytoplankton is about 45gC/m2/y, euphotic layer Phytoplankton biomass is only 10 μ g/L, in order to increase surface seawater nutrient concentration, accelerate phytoplankton photosynthesis rate, utilize artificial flowing device that the abundant nutrition salt of deep sea water is risen to top layer euphotic layer.
At Clear Days Summer, according to the area in waters, mean depth of water and the euphotic layer time of staying are determined in water, put into sea scaffold 2, and below connection water lift amount is 30000m in the middle part of sea scaffold 2
3the artificial flowing device in/sky, assembly dia is 1m, and height is 26m; Air cavity volume 0.5m
3, width is 0.5m, and height h is 2m, and average every 10s produces " air mass " 9.Adjustment float 3 and sinker 6 make artificial flowing device be upright in water.Drive load-carrying be the fishery survey ship of 600 tons near sea scaffold 2, the air compressor capacity that promising artificial flowing device air feed uploaded by ship is 100m
3/ h, power is 10.5kW.Air delivery pipe adopts vinyl tube, and caliber is 5cm, for connecting the air compressor on artificial flowing device and ship, is about 120m.
Open air compressor, start artificial flowing device, by upwelling, deep-sea (apart from seabed 2-5m) eutrophy sea brine is promoted to real surface photosphere (apart from sea level 0-3m), the upwelling duration is 12h/ days, and flow velocity is 1m/s.The primary productivity of regular one-point measurement ocean euphotic layer nutrient concentration and phytoplankton.After artificial flowing device runs 3 days continuously, record top layer euphotic layer nutrient concentration and obviously rise, nitrogen concentration is about 12mmol/m
3, phosphorus concentration is about 1.3mmol/m
3, concentration of iron is about 2.5mg/L, and primary production of phytoplankton significantly improves and (reaches 800gC/m
2/ y), euphotic layer Phytoplankton biomass is 35 μ g/L; After device runs 7 days continuously, record top layer euphotic layer nutrient concentration nitrogen concentration and be about 14mmol/m
3, phosphorus concentration is about 1.5mmol/m
3, concentration of iron is about 4.8mg/L and primary production of phytoplankton occurs that peak value (reaches 1100gC/m
2/ y), it is 60 μ g/L that euphotic layer Phytoplankton biomass reaches peak value; Then, open artificial flowing device and screw, by sinking, phytoplankton is settled down to deep-sea from the outspoken fast suction apparatus of collection, the sinking duration is 12h/ days, and flow velocity is 1m/s.Do not having in illumination and low temperature environment, phytoplankton is dead rapidly, and carbon sinks to seabed along with the remains of dead organism, is stored in marine carbon storehouse.As calculated, carbon capacity reaches 150tC/ha/y.Visible, utilize these apparatus and method effectively can strengthen the solid carbon ability in ocean.
Protection content of the present invention is not limited to above embodiment.Under the spirit and scope not deviating from inventive concept, the change that those skilled in the art can expect and advantage are all included in the present invention, and are protection domain with appending claims.
Claims (10)
1. one kind strengthens marine carbon remittance method, and it is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
Step one: utilize artificial flowing device to form upwelling, will be rich in the seawater lift of nutritive salt to real surface photosphere in deep-sea, for phytoplankton provides wide photosynthesis place, and provides sufficient nutrition and illumination condition;
Step 2: top layer phytoplankton amount reproduction in abundant nutritive salt water body, works as illumination, temperature, after nutritive salt condition all meets, by photosynthesis by a large amount of CO
2be converted into organic matter in phytoplankton body;
Step 3: until phytoplankton bloom until reach comparatively after high-biomass, recycling artificial flowing device internal propeller, form sinking and phytoplankton is sucked deep-sea fast, do not having in illumination and low temperature environment, phytoplankton is dead rapidly, carbon sinks to seabed along with the remains of dead organism, is stored in marine carbon storehouse.
2., for strengthening the artificial flowing device that marine carbon converges, it is characterized in that, comprise:
The main body (1) of tubular structure, it extends to deep-sea from sponge;
Phytoplankton collects mouth (4), and it is arranged on the top of described main body (1), for collecting phytoplankton;
Air cavity (8), it is arranged on the middle part of described main body (1), be connected with the air compressor on sea by pipeline, for forming air mass in described main body (1), the water body promoted in described main body (1) rises or declines;
Sea scaffold (2), it is arranged on the top of described main body (1), and scaffold (2) inside, described sea is provided with float (3) and screw (5); And
Sinker (6), it is arranged on the bottom of described main body, is erected in also keeps stable in ocean for making described body normal.
3. artificial flowing device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the diameter of described main body (1) is 1-3m, is highly 20-30m, and top is apart from water surface 1-2m.
4. artificial flowing device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the air cavity volume 0.5-1m of described air cavity (8)
3,width is 0.5-1m, is highly 1-3m.
5. artificial flowing device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described sea scaffold (2) is hdpe pipe formation, and diameter is 8m, nets dark 5 meters.
6. artificial flowing device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described float (3) for diameter be the plastics ball foam of 0.5m.
7. artificial flowing device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described sinker (6) for substance be the cement block of 5kg.
8. artificial flowing device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described screw (5) is plastic cement oar, and diameter is 1m, and blade number is 4, and rotating speed is >300 rev/min.
9. artificial flowing device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the upwelling duration at least 12h/ days that described artificial flowing device produces, and flow velocity is 1-2m/s; Sinking flow velocity is 1-2m/s, and guarantee that phytoplankton can be sucked seabed fast, the duration is >12h/ days.
10. artificial flowing device according to claim 9, is characterized in that, when implementing violent period at water body thermally stratified layer in summer, the upwelling mode operation time is 5-7 days; Sinking operational mode is 3-5 days.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510885442.3A CN105494183B (en) | 2015-12-04 | 2015-12-04 | A kind of enhancing marine carbon converges method and artificial flowing device |
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| CN114573110A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-06-03 | 中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所 | Carbon sequestration capacity reinforcing system for aquatic organisms |
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| EP4308318A4 (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2024-10-09 | Carboniferous Inc | Carbon sequestration in anoxic zones |
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